The main contents of the chapter consist of the following: Introduction, the operating point and biasing stability, fixed-bias circuits, fixed bias with emitter resistance, voltage-divider bias circuits.
Trang 1Dr. Nasim Zafar Electronics 1: EEE 231 Fall Semester – 2012
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
Virtual campus Islamabad
Trang 5Ø Discuss the concept of dc biasing of a transistor for the linear operation in the active region
Ø Establish an operating point Q in this active region to provide appropriate potentials and currents
Ø Analyze the voltagedivider bias, base bias, and collectorfeedback bias circuits.
Ø Establish a criterion for comparing the stability of different biasing circuits.
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Trang 6an Introduction
Ø Biasing refers to the establishment of suitable dc values of different currents and voltages of a given transistor
Ø Through proper biasing, a desired DC operating point or quiescent point; QPoint of the transistor amplifier, in the active region (linear region) of the characteristics is obtained.
Ø The goal of amplification, in most cases, is to increase the amplitude of an ac signal without distortion or clipping the wave form. Nasim Zafar 6
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Trang 9Ø At a fixed IB, IC is not dependent on VCE
Early voltage
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Trang 10Transistor Output Characteristics:
Load Line – Biasing and Stability
The requirement is to set the Qpoint such that that it does not go into the saturation or cutoff regions when an a ac signal is applied.
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R
V V
Trang 13Biasing and Stability
For this particular transistor we see that 30 mA of collector current is best for maximum amplification, giving equal amount above and below the Qpoint.
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Trang 191. FixedBiased Transistor Circuits.
Single Power Supply
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Trang 21– Single Power Supply
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Trang 242. FixedBias with Emitter Resistance
Single Power Supply
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Trang 273. VoltageDividerBias Circuits.
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Trang 31VoltageDivider Bias circuit Simplified VoltageDivider circuit
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Trang 323. VoltageDividerBias Circuits: Determination of VTh – the Thevenin Voltage.
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Trang 34Ø 1. BaseEmitter Loop:
Ø The KVL equation for the input circuit:
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Trang 36BB E
C B
CE CC C E C
V V I
β β