Bsi bs au 161 1b 1983 (1999)

BRITISH STANDARD BS AU 161 1b 1983 BS AU 161 1 1983 renumbered incorporating Amendments No 1 and No 2 Vehicle lifts — Part 1b Specification for fixed lifts BS AU 161 1b 1983 This British Standard, hav[.]

Vehicle lifts —

This Bri sh Stan ard,ha ing

b en pre ared u der the

directonof the Mechanical

Eng inering Stan ards

Commi e , was published

u der the authoriy of the

Bo rd of BSIan comes

into efect on

2 July 1 8

© BSI 0 -1 9

Fir t published, as p rt of

BS AU 1 1,April 1 7

Fir t re ision as

BS AU 1 1-1 July 1 8

ISBN 0 5 0 1 3 8 1

This British Stand rd was publ shed u der the direction of the Mechanical

Eng ine ring Stand rd s Commit e MEE/- Its prep ration was entrusted to

Tech ical Commit e MEE/182 upon which the folowing bodies were

represented:

Associated Ofices Tech ical Commit e

Association of Load ing Equipment Man facturer

British W ork Platform Association

Construction Plant-hire Association

Dep rtment of Ind ustry , Mechanical Eng ine ring

Electricity Sup ly Industry in Eng lan and W ales

Fed eration of W ire Rope Man facturer of Great Britain

Garag e Equipment Association

Health an Safety Executiv e

Lond on Transport Executiv e

Post Ofice

Am endm ents is ued sinc publ cation

Amd No Date of is ue Comments

924 J n ary 19 7 Indicated b a sidelne in the marg in

Commit e s responsible Inside font cov er

5 Instructions for instal ation, maintenance and ex mination 7

Append ix B Recommend tions for maintenance and ex mination 8

Append ix C Recommend ations for the safe use of l fts in serv ice 1

This British Stand ard has be n prep red u der the direction of the Mechanical

Eng ine ring Stand ard s Commit e after consultation with the Automobie

Stand rd s Commit e , as a result of req uests f om industry ,an has be n b sed

on proposals fom the Society of Motor Man facturer and Tra er BSA U161

was orig inaly publshed in 19 3 and dealt with both fixed lfts an mobie lfts

It has be n d ecided to publsh the rev ised stand rd in two Parts: Part 1 “Fixed

lfts” and Part 2 “ Mobi e lfts” ( in cour e of prep ration) It is intend ed to defer

withd rawal of BSAU161:19 3 u ti Part 2 of this rev ision also is publ shed

This Part of this stand ard sets out v arious per ormance requirements that are

intended to ensure that v ehicle l fts hav e an a equate per ormance an are safe

in operation

In p rticular, it is hoped that inad v ertent operation of the lfts wi be prev ented

b the use of the “d ea man” ty pe of control, which req uires a positiv e action b

the operator to lower the lft Particular at ention is drawn to the fact that heav y

v ehicles ( abov e 3 ton es) should be man al y chocked, because ex erience has

shown that once such v ehicles are set in motion, their motion can ot be

suc es fuly ar ested b the automatic chocks prov ided

In order to help user operate their l fts safely , recommend ations on instalation,

maintenance an ex mination, an on the safe use of lfts in serv ice hav e be n

includ ed in Appendix A , Append ix B and Appendix C, respectiv ely

A British Stand ard d oes not purport to includ e al the neces ary prov isions of a

contract User of British Stand rd s are responsible for their cor ect a plcation

Com pl anc with a British Standard does not ofitself confer im m unity

f om leg al o l g ations

Sum mary of pag es

This document comprises a f ont cov er, an insid e font cov er, p g es i an i ,

p g es 1 to 1 , an insid e b ck cov er and a b ck cov er

This stand rd has be n up ated ( se copy rig ht d ate) an ma hav e ha

amendments incorporated This wi l be ind icated in the amendment ta le on

theinside f ont cov er

1 Scope

This British Stand ard specifies req uirements for the

per ormance of fixed v ehicle l fts

NOT 1 Recommen atons for the instalaton, maintenance

an safe use of lifts in service are inclu ed in App n ix A,

App n ix B an App n ix C

NOT 2 The t les of the publicatons refer ed to in this

stan ard are listed on the inside b ck co er

2 Definitions

For the purposes of this Part of this British

Stand ard the fol owing definitions a ply

2.1

vehicle l ft

a fixed a plance that is desig ned to raise the whole

of a v ehicle to a heig ht of not les than 0.5m and not

more than 2.0m, and that is desig ned to be used

solely for the purpose of ex mining and working on

the v ehicle whie in a raised position

NOT 1 Lifts or hoists for the use or transerence of v hicles,

g oods, materials or p r ons fom one le el to another are not

co ered b this defini on

NOT 2 The v hicle lifts are of the whe l, a le- or

fame-sup ortng ty e an :

a) of the sing le- or mult-ram ty e;

b) of the sing le- or mult-p st ty e

NOT 3 The v hicle lifts are p wered b the folowing me ns:

a) hydraulic, inclu ing b th fuly- an semi-hydraulic

systems;

b) pneumatc;

c) mechanical;

d) electrical;

e) man al;

f) or any combinaton of a) to e)

2.2

desig n lo d

the load that a l ft comply ing with the req uirements

of this stand rd has be n d esig ned to car y

( se 3.1 )

2.3

safe working lo d

the load for which a l ft has be n certified ( se A.5)

2.4

m axim um desig n pres ure

the hy d raul c or pneumatic pres ure cor esponding

to the d esig n loa ( 2.2)

3 Genera l requir ments

3.1 Factor of safety

3.1.1 Gener a l All lfts shal be ca a le of statical y

sup orting an a pl ed load of25% a ov e the desig n

load without permanent d eflection or fai ure of any

p rt In the case of whe l sup orting l fts, the

ru way s shal be ca a le of sup orting a static load

of25% a ov e the desig n load specified for each

whe lb se shown on the marking plate ( se 3.1 )

A ty pe test of the lft with the a ov e-mentioned

a pled loa shal be car ied out b the

man facturer

3.1.2 Me ha nica l pa r ts Loa -bearing mechanical

p rts not refer ed to elsewhere in 3.1 shal not be

stres ed to more than one-third of the tensi e

streng th of the material W here any mechanical

p rt is subjected to shock loa ing the static factor of

safety shal be not les than6:1

3.1.3 Wir e r ope Each wire rope shal be ca a le of

sup orting its d esig n loa with a factor of safety of

not les than5: 1, b sed on the minimum breaking

loa of the rope Sheav es and drums shal be

prov ided with a equate rope retainer Each rope

shal be is ued with a test certificate such as

Form8

1)

3.1.4 Cha ins Each chain shal be ca a le of

sup orting its desig n load with a factor of safety of

not les than5:1,b sed on the calculated breaking

load of the chain

NOT Bre king lo ds for le f chains are g iv n in BS5 9

Each chain shal be is ued with a test certificate

such as Form 9

2)

3.1.5 Ter mina tions The streng th of each

termination shal be at least8 % of that of the rope

or chain

3.1.6 Hyd r a ulc a nd pneuma tic All rams,

cy linder and as ociated pipework an fit ing s shal

be ca a le of withstand ing a pres ure of twice the

ma imum d esig n pres ure without permanent

distortion or faiur e

All pres ure hoses and their as ociated fit ing s shal

be ca a le of withstand ing a pres ure of four times

the ma imum desig n pres ure without permanent

distortion or faiur e

3.2 Holding the lo d Ev ery l ft shal be ca a le of

holding its desig n loa as so n as lfting ceases I

the internal f iction of the driv e is insuficient for

this purpose, a suita le automatic brake shal be

prov id ed

1)

H an SE Form8 is o taina le fom HMSO

2)

H an SE Form9 is o taina le fom HMSO

3.3 Ele trical equipm ent All electrical

equipment and wiring sup l ed with the l ft shal

comply with the requirements of the relev ant

British Stand ard s

NOT Accou t has to b taken of the cur ent IE “Reg ulatons

for the Electrical Equipment of Building s”

3)

an the

re uirements of the local authoriy in whose are the lift is

instaled

3.4 Control means The control d ev ice for raising

an lowering the l ft shal be of the ty pe that

automatical y returns to the “of” or “ neutral”

position when released b the operator an shal be

so desig ned that the “ dead man” feature can ot be

read ily ov er idd en The control dev ice shal be of

such a ty pe, or be so positioned, that it can ot be

ina v ertently operated

The direction of mov ement of the l ft shal be

indicated b ar ows on the control d ev ice W here

this d ev ice is a lev er operating in the v ertical plane,

it shal be constructed in such a wa that the up

mov ement raises the lft and the d own mov ement

lower the l ft

Adequate operating instructions shal be g iv en

clearly on a plate at ached to the l ft

NOT In common wih other “de d man” controler , the return

of the han le to the “of” p si on wil ini ate acton to bring the

lift to a halt,but this do s not imply that the lift wil b a le to

sto instantane usly In the case of semi-hy draulic lifts, the

control han le should alwa s b held in the down p si on when

the lift is returned to the g rou d u tl al pres ure is e hausted

fom the system.Controls should b so siuated that the o erator

has a cle r view of the sp ce b ne th the lift b fore des ent

commences

3.5 Rate of desc nt Ev ery l ft shal be equip ed

with a d ev ice that in the ev ent of faiure of the l fting

mechanism wi l prev ent the l ft f om des ending at

a rate g reater than0.1 m/s when car y ing its desig n

loa

The ram as embly of a hy draulc lft shal include an

orifice or other restriction to control the trans er of

hy d raul c fluid so that, in the ev ent of a fai ure of the

hy draul c piping which fe d s the ram or cy lind er,

the l ft wi l not d es end at a rate g reater

than0.1m/s when car y ing its desig n load

3.6 Chocks

3.6.1 Lifts wih a d esign loa d o up to a nd

includ ing3ton e W here a whe l sup orting l ft is

instal ed to alow a proach an dep rture f om

either end, automatic chocks, at least two at each

end of the l ft, shal be prov ided at the a proach an

d ep rture ends of whe l sup orting ru way s and

they shal automatical y rise into position in the

fir t 3 0mm of as ent an shal not retract

automaticaly before the last 3 0mm of des ent

W here a whe lsup orting lft is instaled to al ow

a proach an fom end only , the op osite end shal

be prov ided with automatic chocks as alrea y

specified or permanent chocks

The width of automatic or permanent chocks shal

extend f om a point not more than 7 mm fom the

inner flang e of the ru wa to a point not more

than7 mm f om the outer flang e, measured on the

flat The p rt of the chocks that fir t comes into

contact with the ty re shal be not les than 10 mm

hig h

Automatic and permanent chocks shal be ca a le of

ar esting any u powered mov ement of v ehicles with

a mas eq uiv alent to the desig n load of the l ft

N T Man al chocks ma b used in ad i on to or in

combinaton wih automatc chocks

3.6.2 Lifts wih a d esign loa d a bo e3ton e

Porta le chocks shal be prov ided that are ca a le of

prev enting any u powered mov ement of the v ehicle,

once it is positioned on the l ft, when the chocks are

placed in f ont of and behind at least one of the

whe ls of the v ehicle

3.7 Ram ps The ang le or slope of the a proach and

dep rture ramps shal not exce d20° f om the

horiz ntal

Hing ed ramps shal, when the lft is ful y lowered ,

be ca a le of lfting so as to prov ide at least the

minimum to clearance specified in 3.8

3.8 Toe clearanc

3.8.1 Gener a l To clearance as des ribed in 3.8.2

and 3.8.3 shal be prov ided along the outer ed g e of

ex osed mov ing structures not normal y cov ered b

the v ehicle

3.8.2 Whe l-suppo t ing l ft s

3.8.2.1Sur fa ce-mou ted lfts.To clearance shal be

prov ided b a minimum clearance sp ce, as shown

in Fig ure 1, of 1 0mm×5 mm

3.8.2.2 Flush-mou ted lfts To clearance shal be

prov ided b hing ed fla s, as shown in Fig ure 2, of at

least 1 0mm width The fla s shal not be ca a le

of being rotated below the horiz ntal or b more

than7 ° in the upward d irection After rotation, the

fla s shal return to the horiz ntal position

automaticaly These fla s shal be ca a le of

withstanding the loa s that are encou tered in

normal practice

3)

Published b an o taina le fom the Inst uton of Electrical Eng ine r , Sa o Place, Lon on W C2R0B

3.8.2.3 R ec s ed lfts

3.8.2.3.1 A lter na tive 1: d r ive-thr ough a pplca tion

( se Fig ure 3) To clearance shal be prov id ed b

hav ing :

a) a minimum sp ce of 1 0mm betwe n the

ex osed end of the mov ing structure and the

reces end wal tog ether with a clearance sp ce,

as specified in 3.8.2.1, below the mov ing

structure;

b) a minimum sp ce of 3 0mm betwe n the

ex osed outer side of mov ing ru way s and the

reces side wal tog ether with a clearance sp ce,

as specified in 3.8.2.1, below the mov ing

ru way s

3.8.2.3.2 A lter na tive 2: d r ive-on, ba ck-of

a pplca tion ( se Fig ure 4) To clearance shal be

prov ided b hav ing :

a) a minimum sp ce of 1 0mm betwe n the

ex osed en of the d riv e-on en of the mov ing

structure and the reces end wal tog ether with a

clearance sp ce, as specified in 3.8.2.1 below the

mov ing structure;

b) a minimum sp ce of3 0mm betwe n the

ex osed en of the dead end of the mov ing

structure and the reces end wal tog ether with a

clearance sp ce, as specified in 3.8.2.1 below the

mov ing structure;

c) a minimum sp ce of 3 0 mm betwe n the

ex osed outer side of mov ing ru way s an the

reces sid e wal tog ether with a clearance sp ce,

as specified in 3.8.2.1 below the mov ing runway

NOT The de d en of the lift can b p si oned in close

pro imiy to a flush v rtcal wal pro iding the recommen atons

g iv n in A.2 on p si oning are folowed

Fig ure 1 — Sur ac - m ounted l ft

Fig ure 2 — Flush-mounted l ft

N T Plan an sectons ha e diferent s ales.

All dimensions are minima an e pres ed in milimetres

Fig ure 3 — Re es ed lft, drive- throug h a pl cation

N T Plan an sectons ha e diferent s ales.

All dimensions are minima an e pres ed in milimetres

Fig ure 4 — Re es ed l ft, back-of a pl cation

3.8.3 A xle- a nd cha ssis-sup or ting lfts To

clearance shal be prov id ed b a minimum clearance

sp ce of 1 0mm× 5 mm arou d the area of the

l fting arm sup orting car iag e an that p rt of the

arm not normaly cov ered b the v ehicle, excluding

the area betwe n the l fting arms as shown in

Fig ure 5

3.9 Guard rai s The periphery of the per on el

area of b lcony -ty pe lfts ( except for the d esig ned

per on el ac es area) shal be prov id ed with

permanent g uard rais

3.10 Warning notic s All b lcony -ty pe l fts shal

show the words “RIDING ON THE PLATFORM IS

FORBIDDEN” a jacent to the ac es la der, in

let er not les than 5 mm hig h

In the case of whe lsup orting lfts hav ing a desig n

loa of more than3ton es, a notice shal be

at ached to the lft stating “ MANUAL CHOCKS

SHALL BE USED”

3.1 Marking Each lft shal show the safe working

load ex res ed in ton es or kiog rams in a

conspicuous place, in let er not les than 5 mm

hig h Each l ft shal car y a plate showing the

man facturer’s name an l ft id entification and

d esig n loa

In ad dition, each whe lsup orting l ft shal car y a

plate specify ing the whe l sp cing s for g iv en

working load s

Each hy draul c and each pneumatic l ft shal car y

a plate showing the ma imum desig n pres ure in

b r

3.12 Ancilary equipm ent Anci ary equipment

d esig ned to be used with the lft shal comply with

the requirements of the relev ant clauses of this

stand rd

4.1 Hy raul c and pneum atic l fts

4.1.1 Ventng Means shal be prov id ed for v enting ,

f om hy draulc cir uits, entra ped air that can

interere with the safe operation of the l ft

4.1.2 Stor a ge ve s ls All v es els for storing lq uid or

air u der pres ure shal be desig ned and

man factured in ac ord ance with the requirements

of BS5 0 or BS516 , as a propriate

4.1.3 Te t ng W here a hy d raul c or pneumatic

cir uit is as embled or reas embled on site, the lft

shal be subjected to the ma imum desig n pres ure

of the sy stem an the as embly ex amined for

leakag e

4.2 Me hanical l fts

4.2.1 Limi s o tr a vel Ev ery mechanical l ft shal

hav e a dev ice that automaticaly stops the driv ing

mechanism when the super tructure reaches its

d esig ned lmits of trav el

4.2.2 Fa il sa fe d evic Any mechanical l ft employ ing

a driv e s rew, where the wear of, or d mag e to, the

car y ing n t could cause the whole super tructure

to tit or des end, shal be equip ed with a dev ice

which, in the ev ent of fai ure of the car y ing n t,

takes the loa of the car y ing n t and prev ents

further use of the lft after it has be n lowered

4.3 Wire rope or chain o erated lfts Ev ery wire

rope or chain operated sing le or multiple post lft

shal be equip ed with efectiv e safety dev ices which

wi l sup ort the mov ing structure with its desig n

load in the ev ent of the slackening or a breakag e of

the ropes or chains or of any of their at achments

4.4 Axle or chas is supports

4.4.1 Ma ter ia l All sup orts, except those subjected

to compres ion stres es only , shal be constructed of

structural ste l or suita le non-brit le material

4.4.2 O ver ba la nc type Axle or chas is sup orts

consisting of an ov erb lance-ty pe ad aptor or p d ,

which can be erected or rotated a ov e the hing e or

piv ot, shal be positioned , when fuly erected , at a

minimum angle of10 ° f om the plane of the

retracted position as shown in Fig ure 6

4.4.3 O ther type Ad aptor or p ds not of the

ov erb lanced ty pe shal be positioned not more

than7 ° f om the plane of the retracted position

and shal be sup orted b a strut, or other suita le

means, in any position ( ex cept the ful y retracted

position) as shown in Fig ure 7

4.4.4 Ad justa ble a r ms All piv oted joints on

ad justa le arms shal be secured automatical y in

al working positions

4.5 Multi- ram a le- supporting l fts This ty pe of

lft shal hav e only one fixed ram The other rams

shal be a justa le to alow for chang es in

whe lb se, and be ca a le of mov ing long itudinal y

d uring l fting

4.6 Multiple whe l- supporting l fts W here two

or more whe lsup orting v ehicle lfts are desig ned

to l ft one v ehicle, they shal be automatical y

sy nchroniz d so that at al times their heig ht d oes

not difer b more than4 mm