TEST BANK microbiology a systems approach cowan 3e chapter004

Chapter 004 Prokaryotic Profiles: The Bacteria and ArchaeaMultiple Choice Questions 1.. Movement of a cell toward a chemical stimulus is termed 14.. The short, numerous appendages used b

Chapter 004 Prokaryotic Profiles: The Bacteria and Archaea

Multiple Choice Questions

1 Which of the following is not a characteristic of a prokaryote?

A It's DNA is not encased in a

4 Spirochetes have a twisting and flexing locomotion due to appendages called

7 The term that refers to the presence of a tuft of flagella emerging from the same site

10 A nutrient binds to receptors near the basal body This will result in

13 Movement of a cell toward a chemical stimulus is termed

14 The short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to

surfaces are called

16 Which structure protects bacteria from being phagocytized?

19 The cell _ can be composed of three layers: the membrane, the cell wall and the outer membrane

22 Peptidoglycan is a unique macromolecule found in bacterial

25 The difference in cell wall structure of Mycobacterium and Nocardia compared to the typical gram positive bacterial cell wall structure is

26 The periplasmic space is

A Larger in gram positive

bacteria

B Made up of lipopolysaccharides and

phospholipids

C An important reaction site for substances entering and

leaving the cell

28 _ is a macromolecule containing alternating acetylglucosamine and

N-acetylmuramic acid cross-linked by short peptide fragments

31 The fragile cell produced when gram positive bacteria are exposed to lysozyme or penicillin is a/an

33 Which of the following does not pertain to endotoxins?

A Are specific bacterial cell wall

34 Lipopolysaccharide is an important cell wall component of

35 Which of the following, pertaining to prokaryotic cell membranes is mismatched?

A Contain photosynthetic pigments -

37 Gram negative organisms

A Are more susceptible to antibiotics than gram positive

39 Which of the following is not true of the outer membrane?

A The upper most layer is made of

40 All bacterial cells have

41 The most immediate result of destruction of a cell's ribosomes would be

A Material would not be able to cross the cell

42 The bacterial chromosome

A Is located in the cell

43 Which of the following is mismatched?

44 Magnetosom

es ar

e

A

B

C

D

E

45 Plasmids

A

B

C

D

E

46 The chemicalcomponent

s

of ribosom

es ar

e protei

ns an

E

47 The functio

n

of bacteri

al endospor

es

is

A

B

C

D

E

48 Chemicalanalysis

of

a bacteri

al cel

l structur

e detectscalciu

m dipicolinicaci

d Wha

t

is th

e identit

y

of thi

s structure?

49 Endospor

es ar

e

A

B

C

D

E

50 Bacteri

al endospor

es ar

e no

t produced

E

51 Whic

h ter

m

is no

t used

to describ

e bacteri

al cel

l shapes

52 Cells for

m

a _ arrangemen

t whencel

ls

in

a chai

n snapba

ck uponeachothe

r forming

a ro

w

of cel

ls oriente

d sid

e bysid

e

53 Anirregul

ar clust

er

of spheric

al cel

ls woul

d becalle

d a/

54 A chai

n

of rod-shapedcel

ls woul

d becalle

d a/

E

55 Animporta

nt indicat

or

of evolutionar

y relatedne

ss

is

to determi

ne

A

B

C

D

E

56 _ Manu

al

of Systemati

c Bacteriolog

y

is

a manua

l

of bacteri

al descriptio

ns an

d classification

s

A

B

C

D

E

57 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t aphenotyp

ic tra

it

of bacteria?

A

B

C

D

E

58 Serologica

l analysisforbacteri

al identificatio

n typicall

y involve

s usi

ng

A

B

C

D

E

59 Whic

h

of th

e following

is mismatched

?

A

B

C

D

E

60 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t adivisio

n

of Kingdo

m Prokaryo

te according

to Bergey'

s Manu

al

of Determinativ

e Bacteriolog

61 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t abacteri

al cla

ss involve

d

in causinghumanan

d anim

al diseases?

A

B

C

D

E

62 Whic

h

of th

e following

is mismatched

?

A

B

D

E

63 The presen

ce

of thylakoids,phycocyani

n, ga

s inclusio

ns an

d cystswoul

d beassociate

d wit

h

A

B

C

D

E

64 Whic

h

of th

e following

is mismatched

?

A

B

C

D

E

65 Two maj

or structur

es th

at allowbacteri

a

to adhe

re

to surface

s ar

e _an

d _

A

B

C

D

66 A clien

t ha

s aserio

us ca

se

of th

e flu Arando

m sampl

e

of sputu

m wa

s take

n fro

m th

e patie

nt coughingupbloo

d Th

e

b techsai

d theyha

d isolated

a bacteriu

m th

at di

d no

t havean

y peptidoglycan Yo

u hypothesi

ze th

at th

e identit

y

of thi

s microb

e coul

d possibl

y be:

A

B

C

D

67 Halobacteriu

m salinariu

m liv

es

in an

d require

s sal

t Th

is

is anexampl

e

of anarchaeabacteriu

m described

as a(n)

A

B

C

D

68 Spirochet

es ar

e ab

le

to mov

e du

e to:

A

B

C

D

69 Syphilli

s

is causedby

a spirochet

e called:

A

B

C

D

70 Whic

h

of th

e followingspeci

es

of bacteri

a

is no

t closel

y related

to th

e others?

A

B

C

D

71 Whic

h

of th

e followingspeci

es belong

to th

e genu

s Streptococcus

True / False Questions

73 The fir

st cel

ls onearthwe

re probab

ly archae

a

Tr

ue False

74 Prokaryote

s includebacteri

a an

d virus

es

Tr

ue False75 Flagella mov

e

in

a whip-lik

e motion

Tr

ue False

76 Truepiliusedforconjugationar

e on

ly foun

d ongra

m negativ

e bacteri

a

Tr

ue False

77 The slim

e lay

er give

s bacteri

a

a greaterpathogenicit

y

as compare

d

to th

e capsul

e

Tr

ue False

78 If durin

g th

e gra

m stai

n procedur

e, th

e bacteri

al cel

ls we

re viewe

d immediatelyaft

er crystalvioletwa

s applied, gra

m

ls woul

d bepurpl

e bu

t gra

m negativ

e cel

ls woul

d becolorles

s

Tr

ue False

79 Iodine

is th

e decolorize

r

in th

e Gra

m stai

n

Tr

ue False

80 The cel

l envelop

e

of gra

m positivebacteri

a ha

s tw

o layers:

a thi

ck cel

l wa

ll an

d th

e cel

l membran

e

Tr

ue False

81 Gra

m negativ

e bacteri

a dono

t havepeptidoglycan

in theircel

l walls

Tr

ue False

82 Hot carb

ol fuchsin

is th

e primar

y dy

e

in th

e aci

d fas

t stai

n

Tr

ue False

83 The regionbetwee

n th

e bacteri

al cel

l membran

e an

d th

e cel

l wa

ll

is calle

d th

e outermembran

e

Tr

ue False

84 Bacteri

a

in th

e genu

s Mycoplasm

a an

d bacteri

a calle

d L-formslac

k cel

l walls

Tr

ue False

85 The prokaryoticcel

l membran

e

is

a sit

e forman

y enzym

es an

d metaboli

c reactio

ns

Tr

ue False

86 If yo

u observ

e ro

d shaped, pinkcel

ls on

a slideth

at ha

d jus

t beengra

m staine

d, yo

u ca

n assum

e th

at theircel

l wa

lls contai

n endotoxi

n

Tr

ue False

87 The prokaryo

te cel

l membran

e

is mad

e

of th

e sam

e materials

as th

e eukaryot

e cel

l membran

e

Tr

ue False

88 Both gra

m positivean

d gra

m negativ

e cel

ls haveoutermembran

es

Tr

ue False

89 Alcohol-base

d compoun

ds ca

n weakenth

e outermembran

e

Tr

ue False

90 The cel

l envelop

e

or itspartsca

n interac

t wit

h humantissu

e an

d caus

e disea

se

Tr

ue False

91 Som

e bacteri

a have

a cytoskeleton

of sterols

to he

lp maintai

n theirshap

e

Tr

ue False

92 Endospor

es

of certa

in bacteri

al speci

es ca

n entertissu

es

in th

e humanbody, germinat

e an

d caus

e aninfectio

us disea

se

ue False93 Boilin

g water(100

°C) ca

n normall

y destroyendospor

es

Tr

ue False

94 The ter

m diplococcu

s refer

s

to anirregul

ar clust

er

of spheric

al bacteri

al cel

ls

Tr

ue False

Chapter 004 Prokaryotic Profiles: The Bacteria and Archaea Key

Multiple Choice Questions

1 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t acharacteristi

c

of

a prokaryote

? A

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 8 Ide ntif

y 5 thin gs that mig ht be con tain ed

in a bac teri

al cyto plas m.

2 Th

e tw

o functio

ns

of bacteri

al appendag

es ar

e A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 3 Des crib e the stru ctur e and fun ctio

n of four

dif ere nt typ es of bac teri al app end age s

3 Bacteri

al cel

ls coul

d havean

y

of th

e followingappendag

es exce

pt A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 2 Na me thre e stru ctur es som e but not all bac teri a pos ses s

4 Spirochet

es have

a twistingan

d flexinglocomotiondu

e

to appendag

es calle

d A.B.C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 3 Des crib e the stru ctur e and fun ctio

n of four dif ere nt typ es of bac teri al app end age s.

5 Th

e basalbody

of

a flagellu

m

is anchoredint

o th

e A.B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 3 Des crib e the stru ctur e and fun ctio

n of four dif ere nt typ es of bac teri al app end age s.

6 Th

e ter

m th

at refer

s

to th

e presen

ce

of flagella all ov

er th

e cel

l surfa

ce

is A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 3 Des crib e the stru ctur e and fun ctio

n of four dif ere nt typ es of bac teri al app end age s.

7 Th

e ter

m th

at refer

s

to th

e presen

ce

of

a tuf

t

of flagella emergingfro

m th

e sam

e sit

e

is A

n of four dif ere nt typ es of bac teri al app end age s.

8 Th

e ter

m th

at refer

s

to flagella

at bo

th poles

rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 3 Des crib e the stru ctur e and fun ctio

n of four dif ere nt typ es of bac teri al app end age s.

9 Chem

o taxisrefer

s

to th

e abilit

y

to A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 4

Expl ain how a flag ellu m wor ks in the pre sen ce of an attr act ant.

10 A nutrien

t bind

s

to receptor

s ne

ar th

e basalbody.Th

is wil

l resul

t

in A

Obj ecti ve: 4.0 4 Expl ain how a flag ellu m wor ks in the pre sen ce of an attr act ant.

11 A bacteri

al cel

l exhibitin

g chem

o taxisprobab

ly ha

s A

B

C

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 4 Expl ain how a flag ellu m wor ks in the pre sen ce of an attr act ant.

12 The prokaryoticflagellu

m ha

s threeparts

in th

e orde

r fro

m cytoplas

m

to externa

l environmen

t

B

C

D

E.

13 Movemen

t

of

a cel

l towa

rd

a chemicalstimul

us

is term

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 4 Expl ain how a flag ellu m wor ks in the pre sen ce of an attr act ant.

14 The short, numerou

s appendag

es usedbysom

e bacteri

al cel

ls foradherin

g

to surface

s ar

e calle

d A.B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 3 Des crib e the stru ctur e and fun ctio

n of four dif ere nt typ es of bac teri al app end age s.

15 The transfer

of gene

s durin

g bacteri

al conjugationinvolve

s rigid,tubularappendag

es calle

d A.B.C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 3 Des crib e the stru ctur e and fun ctio

n of four dif ere nt typ es of bac teri al app end age s.

16 Whic

h structur

e protec

ts bacteri

a fro

m bein

g phagocytized? A

B

C

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 5 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n the two mai n typ es of bac teri al env elop e stru ctur e.

17 The outcom

e

of th

e Gra

m stai

n

is base

d ondifferenc

es

in th

e cell's A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 6 Disc uss why gra m posi tive cell wall s are stro nge r tha n gra m neg ativ e cell wall s.

18 Whic

h orde

r belo

w reflectsth

e corre

ct procedur

e forGra

m staining

?

B

C

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 5 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n the two mai n typ es of bac teri al env elop e stru ctur e.

19 The cel

l _ ca

n becompose

d

of threelayers: th

e membran

e, th

e cel

l wa

ll an

d th

e outermembran

e

of bac teri al env elop e stru ctur e.

20 Durin

g th

e Gra

m stai

n, gra

m _ cel

ls decolori

ze whenth

e alcoh

ol

is applied A

B

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 5 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n the two mai n typ es of bac teri al env elop e stru ctur e.

21 If bacteri

a living

in sal

ty seawat

er we

re displaced

to

a freshwaterenvironmen

t, th

e cel

l structur

e th

at woul

d preven

t th

e

ls fro

m rupturing

is th

e A

mai n typ es of bac teri al env elop e stru ctur e.

22 Peptidoglycan

is

a uniquemacromolecul

e foun

d

in bacteri

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 5 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n the two mai n typ es of bac teri al env elop e stru ctur e.

23 A prokaryoticcel

l wa

ll th

at ha

s primari

ly peptidoglycanwit

h small amount

s

of teichoicaci

d an

d lipoteicho

ic aci

d

is

24 A bacteri

al genu

s th

at ha

s waxymycoli

c aci

d

in th

e cel

l walls

is

A

B

C

E

25 The differenc

e

in cel

l wa

ll structur

e

of Mycobacteriu

m an

d Nocardi

a compare

d

to th

e typic

al gra

m positivebacteri

al

l wa

ll structur

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 6 Disc uss why gra m posi tive cell wall s are stro nge r tha n gra m neg ativ e cell wall s.

26 The periplasmi

c spac

e

is A

B

C

D

E.

27 The _ stai

n

is used

to stai

n an

d differentiat

e Mycobacteriu

m an

d Nocardi

a fro

m othe

r bacteri

a

A

C.D

E

28 _

is

a macromolecul

e containingalternatin

g N-acetylglucosaminean

d N-acetylmurami

c aci

d cross-linke

d

byshortpeptidefragmen

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 5 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n the two mai n typ es of bac teri al env elop e stru ctur e.

29 The enzym

e _,th

at

is foun

d

in tear

s an

d saliva, ca

n hydroly

ze th

e bond

s

in th

e glycanchai

ns

of certa

in bacteri

al

l walls

30 Lysozym

e

is mos

t effectiv

e agains

t A

B

C

E

31 The fragil

e cel

l producedwhengra

m positivebacteri

a ar

e expose

d

to lysozym

e

or penicilli

n

is a/

an

A

32 Allof th

e followingstructur

es contribut

e

to th

e abilit

y

of pathogen

ic bacteri

a

to caus

e disea

se exce

pt th

e

A

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 7 Na me a sub sta nce in the env elop e stru ctur

e of som e bac teri a that can cau se sev ere sym pto ms in hu ma ns.

33 Whic

h

of th

e followingdo

es no

t perta

in

to endotoxins

? A

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 7 Na me a sub sta nce

in the env elop e stru ctur

e of som e bac teri a that can cau se sev ere sym pto ms in hu ma ns.

34 Lipopolysaccharid

e

is animporta

nt cel

l wa

ll compone

nt

of

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 7 Na me a sub sta nce in the env elop e stru ctur

e of som e bac teri a that can cau se sev ere sym pto ms in hu ma ns.

35 Whic

h

of th

e following, pertaining

to prokaryoticcel

l membran

es

is mismatched

?

B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 2 Na me thre e

stru ctur es som e but not all bac teri a pos ses s.

36 The site/sformos

t AT

P synthesis

in prokaryoticcel

ls is/ar

e th

e A

B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 1 Na me the stru ctur es all bac teri a pos ses s.

37 Gra

m negativ

e organis

ms

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 5 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n the two mai n typ es of bac teri al env elop e stru ctur e.

38 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t afunctio

n

of

a prokaryo

te cel

l membrane? A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 1 Na me the stru ctur es all bac teri a pos ses s.

39 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t tru

e

of th

e outermembrane? A

C

D

E

Lea rnin g

Obj ecti ve: 4.0 5 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n the two mai n typ es of bac teri al env elop e stru ctur e.

40 Allbacteri

al cel

ls ha

ve

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 1 Na me the stru ctur es all bac teri a pos ses s.

41 The mos

t immediat

e resul

t

of destructio

n

of

a cell's ribosom

es woul

d

be

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 1 Na me the stru ctur es all bac teri a pos ses s.

42 The bacteri

al chromosom

e A

B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 1 Na me the stru ctur es all bac teri a pos ses

s

43 Whic

h

of th

e following

is mismatched

? A

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 1 Na me the stru ctur es all bac teri a pos ses s

44 Magnetosom

es ar

e A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g

Obj ecti ve: 4.0 2 Na me thre e stru ctur es som e but not all bac teri a pos ses s.

45 Plasmids

A

B

C

E

46 The chemicalcomponent

s

of ribosom

es ar

e protei

ns an

d A

B

C

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 1 Na me the stru ctur es all bac teri a pos ses s

47 The functio

n

of bacteri

al endospor

es

is A

C

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 4.0 9 Det ail the cau ses and mec han ism

s of spo rog ene sis and ger min atio n.