TEST BANK microbiology a systems approach cowan 3e chapter015

Chapter 015 Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and ImmunizationMultiple Choice Questions 1.. The embryonic yolk sac, the liver and the bone marrow are sites where A.. The progeny cells

Chapter 015 Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Multiple Choice Questions

1 A foreign molecule that causes a specific immune response is a/an

3 The embryonic yolk sac, the liver and the bone marrow are sites where

A Immune responses to antigen

4 The progeny cells of a B-cell clone are called

7 Lymphocyte maturation involves

A Hormonal signals that initiate

8 Wha

t type

of cel

ls secret

e antibodies

9 Ce

ll surfa

ce marke

rs involve

d

in immun

e reactio

ns

A

B

C

D

E

10 The maj

or histocompatabili

ty complexis:

A

B

C

D

E

11 Clas

s IIMHCgene

s codefor

A

B

C

D

E

12 Clas

s I MHCgene

s codefor

A

B

C

D

E

13 The histocompatibilit

y complexprotei

ns functio

E

14 MHCmolecul

es ar

e foun

d oneach

of th

e followingcel

ls exce

E

15 Lymphocyt

es

A

B

C

D

E

16 The monom

er subunit

of immunoglobulinmolecul

es ha

s all th

e followingexce

pt

A

B

C

D

E

17 The region

of eachantibod

y molecul

e wher

e aminoaci

d composition

is high

ly varie

d fro

m on

e clone

of

B lymphocyt

es

to anothe

r

is th

18 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t tru

e

of th

e antigen-independen

t perio

d

of lymphocyt

e development?

A

B

C

D

E

19 Destructio

n

of lymphocyt

es wit

h self-specifici

ty

is calle

E

20 Properties

of efectiv

e antigen

s includeall th

e followingexce

pt

A

B

C

D

E

21 The molecul

ar fragmen

t onanantigenmolecul

e th

at

a lymphocyt

e recognize

s an

d respon

ds

to

is calle

d a/

an

22 Small foreignmolecul

es th

at ar

e to

o small bythemselv

es

to elicitanimmun

e respon

se ar

e term

ed

A

B

C

D

E

23 Superantige

ns ar

e

A

B

C

D

E

24 Antigen

s th

at elicitallergicreactio

ns ar

e calle

25 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t apropert

y

of

B cells?

A

B

C

D

E

26 Antigenpresentin

g cel

ls

A

B

C

D

E

27 T cel

l respon

se

to T-cell-dependen

t antigen

s require

s

A

B

C

D

E

28 Durin

g presentatio

n

of APC-boun

d antigen, macrophag

es an

d dendriti

c cel

ls secret

e th

e cytokin

e, _,th

at activat

es

T help

er cel

29 Whic

h

is incorrec

t abou

t th

e

Fc region

of animmunoglobulin

?

A

B

C

D

E

30 Whic

h proces

s involve

s antibodiescoverin

g surfa

ce receptor

s on

a vir

us

or toxi

n molecul

e thereb

y disruptingtheirac

tivity

31 Whic

h proces

s involve

s antibodiescross-linkin

g cel

ls

or particle

s int

o largeaggregates

?

A

B

C

D

E

32 Whic

h proces

s involve

s antibodiescoatingmicroorganisms

in orde

r

to facilitat

e phagocytosis?

A

B

C

D

E

33 Whic

h proces

s involve

s amor

e rapi

d synthesisan

d greatlyincreasedtit

er

of antibod

y whenth

e immun

e syste

m

is su

y expose

d

to th

e sam

e antigen

34 The immunoglobulincla

ss th

at ha

s adim

er for

m foun

d

in mucus,saliva, colostru

m an

d othe

r bodysecretion

s

is

A

B

C

D

E

35 The immunoglobulincla

ss th

at

is th

e on

ly on

e capabl

e

of crossin

g th

e placen

36 The immunoglobulincla

ss th

at ha

s an

Fc regionth

at bind

s

to receptor

s onbasophils an

d mas

t cel

D

E

37 Allof th

e followingar

e characteristi

cs

of Ig

M exce

pt

A

B

C

D

E

38 Whic

h immunoglobulinclass/

es ca

n fixcomplement?

39 The immunoglobulin/s foun

d onth

e surfa

ce

of

B cel

ls is/ar

40 Monoclona

l antibodies

A

B

C

D

E

41 _

is th

e mos

t abunda

nt cla

ss

of antibodies

in seru

42 A hybridom

a resul

ts fro

m th

e fusio

n

of

a myelom

a cel

l wit

h

a norm

al _ cel

l

A

B

C

D

E

43 Each _ fragmen

t

of anantibod

y molecul

e contai

ns th

e variabl

e region

s

of

a heav

y an

d lig

ht chai

n th

at fol

ds int

o

a grooveforon

e epitope

44 Anactivated

TH

cel

l produc

es _which

is

a grow

th fact

or for

T help

er cel

ls an

d cytotoxi

c Tcel

ls

A

B

C

D

E

45 Wha

t proces

s provide

s man

y

B cel

ls an

d

T cel

ls th

at ar

e activatedagains

t specific antigens?

A

B

C

D

E

46 The mos

t significan

t cel

ls

in graftrejectio

n ar

E

47 Whic

h lymphocyt

es lac

k specifici

ty forantigenan

d ar

e cel

ls th

at attac

k canc

er cel

ls an

d virus-infecte

d cells?

A

B

C

D

E

48 Cytotoxi

c Tcel

ls

A

B

C

D

E

49 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t atarge

t for

TC

cells?

A

B

C

D

E

50 The beau

ty

of specific immunity

is th

e productio

n

of th

at provide

s long-lastin

g protectio

n

A

B

C

D

E

51 Anexampl

e

of artificial passiveimmunitywoul

d

be

A

B

C

D

E

52 Anexampl

e

of natur

al passiveimmunitywoul

d

be

A

B

C

D

E

53 Anexampl

e

of artificial activ

e immunitywoul

d

be

A

B

C

D

E

54 Anexampl

e

of natur

al activ

e immunitywoul

d

be

A

B

C

D

E

55 Edwa

rd Jenner'

s wo

rk involve

d

A

B

C

D

E

56 Immunotherapy

is th

E

57 Hightiter

s

of specific antibodiesar

e component

D

E

58 Killed

or inactivatedvaccine

s ar

e prepared

by

A

B

C

D

E

59 Live, attenuate

d vaccine

s

A

B

C

D

E

60 Acellul

ar vaccine

s an

d subunitvaccine

s

A

B

C

D

E

61 Antitoxi

ns

A

B

C

D

E

62 Vaccini

a vir

us

is oftenused

in th

e techniqu

e

to mak

63 Whic

h

of th

e following

is

a speci

al bindin

g substanc

e th

at enhanc

es immunogenicit

y an

d prolon

gs antigenretentio

n

at

e injectio

n site?

64 Whe

n antibod

y

is coverin

g th

e foreignmicroorganis

m thencomplemen

t maybeactivatedviathis _ pathwa

y

A

B

C

D

65 Allnucleatedcel

ls contain _

A

B

C

D

66 Durin

g whichrespon

se

to th

e antigendowedisplay

a laten

t perio

d

of nosecretor

y antibod

y synthesis

?

A

B

C

D

True / False Questions

67 Antibod

y molecul

es circulat

e

in lymph, bloo

d an

d tissu

e fluids

Tr

ue False

68 Human

B lymphocyt

es matur

e

in anintestin

al regioncalle

d th

e burs

a

Tr

ue False

69 Activation

of

B cel

ls occu

rs whenantigenbind

s

to

B cel

l surfa

ce immunoglobulinreceptor

s

Tr

ue False

70 Clon

al selectio

n require

s th

e presen

ce

of foreignantigen

s

Tr

ue False

71 Antibodiesdirecte

d

to alloantige

n fro

m on

e organis

m oftencross-reac

t wit

h analloantige

n fro

m anothe

r organis

m Tr

ue False

72 After secretingantibodiesdurin

g animmun

e response,plasm

a cel

ls thendiferentiat

e int

o memor

y cel

ls

Tr

ue False

73 The hing

e region

of anantibod

y ha

s ahypervariab

le aminoaci

d regionwher

e th

e antigen

ic determina

nt fit

s

Tr

ue Fals

e

74 The structur

al an

d functiona

l diferenc

es th

at distinguishimmunoglobulinisotype

s ar

e du

e

to variatio

ns associate

d wit

h

Fc fragmen

ts

Tr

ue False

75 One plasm

a cel

l wil

l secret

e antibodies

of vario

us class

es bu

t th

e antibodieswil

l all haveth

e sam

e specifici

ty

Tr

ue F

alse76 The secondar

y respon

se

to anantigen

is fasteran

d bigg

er thanth

e primar

y respon

se

Tr

ue False

77 Gamm

a globuli

n ca

n begive

n

as immunotherapy

to conf

er artificial passiveimmunity

Tr

ue False

Chapter 015 Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization Key

Multiple Choice Questions

1 A foreignmolecul

e th

at caus

es

a specific immun

e respon

se

is a/

an

A.B.C.D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti

ve: 15 02 List the 4 sta ges

of a spe cific im mu ne res pon se.

2 Acquire

d specific immunityinvolve

s th

e respon

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 01 Des crib e how the thir d line of def ens

e is dif ere nt tha n the oth er 2.

3 Th

e embryonicyol

k sa

c, th

e liv

er an

d th

e bonemarrowar

e sit

es wher

e

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 06 Su mm ariz e the mat urat ion pro ces

s of bot

h B cell s and T cell s.

4 Th

e progen

y cel

ls

of

a B-cel

l clonear

e calle

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 08 Outl ine the pro ces ses of clon al sele ctio n and exp ansi on.

5 Help

er

T cel

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 06 Su mm ariz e the mat urat ion pro ces

s of bot

h B cell s and T cell s.

6 Plasm

a cel

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 13 Dia gra m the ste ps in the B cell res pon se.

7 Lymphocyt

e maturationinvolve

s

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 07 Expl ain how our bod ies are qui ppe d with lym pho ctye s cap able of res pon din

g to nea rly any anti gen ima gin able

8 Wha

t type

of cel

ls secret

e antibodies

?

A.B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 13 Dia gra m the ste ps in the B cell res pon se.

9 Ce

ll surfa

ce marke

rs involve

d

in immun

e reactio

ns

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 03 Disc uss four maj or im mu ne fun ctio ns of cell mar kers

10 The maj

or histocompatabili

ty complexis:

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 04 Des crib e the maj or hist oco mp atib ility com plex

in 2 sen ten ces.

11 Clas

s IIMHCgene

s codefor

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve:

15 04 Des crib e the maj or hist oco mp atib ility com plex

in 2 sen ten ces Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 09 Des crib e the B- cell rec ept or and the T- cell rec ept or.

12 Clas

s I MHCgene

s codefor

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve:

15 09 Des crib e the B- cell rec ept or and the T- cell rec ept or.

13 The histocompatibilit

y complexprotei

ns functio

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 04 Des crib e the maj or hist oco mp atib ility com plex

in 2 sen ten ces.

14 MHCmolecul

es ar

e foun

d oneach

of th

e followingcel

ls exce

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 04 Des crib e the maj or hist oco mp atib ility com plex

in 2 sen ten ces.

15 Lymphocyt

es

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 07 Expl ain how our bod ies are qui ppe d with lym pho cyte s cap able or res pon din

g to nea rly any anti

gen ima gin able

16 The monom

er subunit

of immunoglobulinmolecul

es ha

s all th

e followingexce

pt

A

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 14 Mak

e a det aile d dra win

g of an anti bod y mol ecul e.

17 The region

of eachantibod

y molecul

e wher

e aminoaci

d composition

is high

ly varie

d fro

m on

e clone

of

B lymphocyt

es

to anothe

r

is th

e a det aile d dra

g of an anti bod y mol ecul e.

18 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t tru

e

of th

e antigen-independen

t perio

d

of lymphocyt

e development?

A

B.

C

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 06 Su mm ariz e the mat urat ion pro ces

s of bot

h B cell s and T cell s.

19 Destructio

n

of lymphocyt

es wit

h self-specifici

ty

is calle

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 08 Outl ine the pro ces

s of clon al sele ctio n and exp ansi on.

20 Properties

of efectiv

e antigen

s includeall th

e followingexce

pt

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 10 Co mp are the ter ms anti gen Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: and epit ope Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: im mu nog en

21 The molecul

ar fragmen

t onanantigenmolecul

e th

at

a lymphocyt

e recognize

s an

d respon

ds

to

is calle

d a/

an

A

B.C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 10 Co mp are the ter ms anti gen Lea rnin g Obj ecti

ve: and epit ope Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: im mu nog en

22 Small foreignmolecul

es th

at ar

e to

o small bythemselv

es

to elicitanimmun

e respon

se ar

e term

ed

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 10 Co mp are the ter ms anti gen Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 11 List cha ract eris tics of anti gen

s that opti miz e thei r im mu nog enic ity Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: and epit ope Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: im mu nog en

23 Superantige

ns ar

e

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 05 Con tras t the way T cell s rec ogn ize anti gen with the way

B cell s do.

24 Antigen

s th

at elicitallergicreactio

ns ar

e calle

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 07 Expl ain how our bod ies are equ ipp ed with lym pho cyte s cap able of res pon din

g to nea rly any anti gen ima gin able Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 11 List cha ract eris tics of anti gen s that opti miz e thei r

im mu nog enic ity.

25 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t apropert

y

of

B cells?

A

B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 13 Dia gra m the ste ps in the B cell res pon se.

26 Antigenpresentin

g cel

ls

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 12 List the typ

es of cell s that can act as anti gen - pre sen ting cell s.

27 T cel

l respon

se

to T-cell-dependen

t antigen

s require

s

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 05 Con tras t the way T cell s rec ogn ize anti gen with the way B cell s do.

28 Durin

g presentatio

n

of APC-boun

d antigen, macrophag

es an

d dendriti

c cel

ls secret

e th

e cytokin

e, _,th

at activat

es

T help

er cel

ults of anti bod y bin din

g to an anti gen

29 Whic

h

is incorrec

t abou

t th

e

Fc region

of animmunoglobulin

?

A

B

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve:

15 14 Mak

e a det aile d dra win

g of an anti bod y mol ecul e.

30 Whic

h proces

s involve

s antibodiescoverin

g surfa

ce receptor

s on

a vir

us

or toxi

n molecul

e thereb

y disruptingtheirac

tivity

ous end res ults of anti bod y bin din

g to an anti gen

31 Whic

h proces

s involve

s antibodiescross-linkin

g cel

ls

or particle

s int

o largeaggregates

?

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 15 Expl ain the vari ous end res ults of anti bod y bin din

g to an anti gen

32 Whic

h proces

s involve

s antibodiescoatingmicroorganisms

in orde

r

to facilitat

e phagocytosis?

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 15 Expl ain the vari ous end res ults of anti bod y bin din

g to an anti gen

33 Whic

h proces

s involve

s amor

e rapi

d synthesisan

d greatlyincreasedtit

er

of antibod

y whenth

e immun

e syste

m

is su

y expose

d

to th

e sam

e antigen

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 17 Des crib e the me mor y res pon se.

34 The immunoglobulincla

ss th

at ha

s adim

er for

m foun

d

in mucus,saliva, colostru

m an

d othe

r bodysecretion

s

is

A

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 16 List the 5 typ es of anti bod ies and imp orta nt fact s abo ut eac h.

35 The immunoglobulincla

ss th

at

is th

e on

ly on

e capabl

e

of crossin

g th

e placen

ta

is

A.B.C

D

E

Lea rnin g

Obj ecti ve: 15 16 List the 5 typ es of anti bod ies and imp orta nt fact s abo ut eac h.

36 The immunoglobulincla

ss th

at ha

s an

Fc regionth

at bind

s

to receptor

s onbasophils an

d mas

t cel

ls

is

A.B

C

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 16 List the 5 typ es of anti bod ies and imp orta nt fact s abo ut eac h.

37 Allof th

e followingar

e characteristi

cs

of Ig

M exce

pt

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 16 List the 5 typ es of anti bod ies and imp orta nt

fact s abo ut eac h.

38 Whic

h immunoglobulinclass/

es ca

n fixcomplement?

rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 16 List the 5 typ es of anti bod ies and imp orta nt fact s abo ut eac h.

39 The immunoglobulin/s foun

d onth

e surfa

ce

of

B cel

ls is/ar

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 16 List the 5 typ es of anti bod ies and imp orta nt fact s abo ut eac h.

40 Monoclona

l antibodies

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 13 Dia gra m the ste ps in the B cell

res pon se.

41 _

is th

e mos

t abunda

nt cla

ss

of antibodies

in seru

m

A

B.C.D.E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 16 List the 5 typ es of anti bod ies

and imp orta nt fact s abo ut eac h.

42 A hybridom

a resul

ts fro

m th

e fusio

n

of

a myelom

a cel

l wit

h

a norm

al _ cel

l

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 13 Dia gra m the ste ps in the B cell res pon se.

43 Each _ fragmen

t

of anantibod

y molecul

e contai

ns th

e variabl

e region

s

of

a heav

y an

d lig

ht chai

n th

at fol

ds int

o

a grooveforon

e epitope

A

B

C.D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 14 Mak

e a det aile d dra win

g of an anti bod y mol ecul e.

44 Anactivated

TH

cel

l produc

es _which

is

a grow

th fact

or for

T help

er cel

ls an

d cytotoxi

c Tcel

ls

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 15 19 Des crib e the mai n fun ctio ns of the se thre e typ es

of T cell s.

45 Wha

t proces

s provide

s man

y

B cel

ls an

d

T cel

ls th

at ar

e activatedagains

t specific antigens?

A