Bài giảng unit9 ; undersea word

Our teacher divided the class ……… smaller groups for discussion.. Scientific devices have ……… used to ……… the ocean depth.. Clean air provides us with a healthy source of ……….. ……… and w

UNIT 9: UNDERSEA WORLD

- ocean (n) / /:

The Pacific Ocean:

Atlantic Ocean:

Indian Ocean:

Antarctic Ocean:

Artic Ocean:

- divide something into (v):

Ex: My mother (divide) the cake into

three pieces

 division (n):

 dividend (n):

 divisible (adj):

 divisibility (n):

 divisor (n):

 divisive (adj):

 divisively (adv):

 divisiveness (n)

 divider (n):

8 is ………… by 2 and 4, but not for by 3

Are you any good at ………

The train ……….at York

- gulf (n) / /:

- bay (n) / /

- cover (v) / /:

 covered (adj) (in/ with st):

 covering (n):

 cover-up (n)

 cover (n):

 coverage (n):

 coverlet (n):

Some chairs are fitted with loose ……

She ………… her knees (up) with a

blanket

There’s little ……… of foreign news

in the news paper

- challenge (v) / /:

Ex: She (challenge) the newspaper to

prove her story

 challenge (n):

 challenger (n):

 challenging (adj):

This new discovery ……… traditional

beliefs

I like a ……… job

I like my job to be a ………

- mystery (n) / /: a thing of

which the cause or origin is unknown

or impossible to explain

 mysterious (adj) / /:

 mysteriously (adv):

 mysteriousness (n):

She gave me a ……… look

The main witness had …… disappeared

He’s a bit of a ………

- beneath (prep.) under sb/ st

- lie (v) – lied:

 lie (n):

 lie (v) – lay – lain (V ing: lying):

- overcome (v) – overcame:

Ex: We will ……… that difficulty when

we get to it

- submarine (n) / /:

 submarine (adj):

 submariner (n):

- investigate (v) / /:

 investigation (n):

 investigative (adj) = investigatory:

 investigator (n):

The police are ……… the murder

The matter is under ………

Accident ……… found out the causes of air crashes

- sea bed: đáy biển

- sample (n) / /:

- marine (adj) / /:

 marine (n)

The Marines:

 mariner (n)

 marine life: life in the sea

- satellite (n) / /:

- a wide range of:

- precious (adj) / /= valuable:

 precious (adv):

 precious (n):

 preciously (adv):

 preciousness (n):

She talks about nothing except her

……… car

- fall into st – fell – fallen: to be able to

be divided into st Ex: The lesson is ……… into three parts

- live on st (v): sống nhờ vào cái gì, sống bằng cái gì

Ex: You can’t live on 200 calories a day

- depend on sb/ st = rely on (v): nhờ vào, dựa vào

Ex: We ……… on the radio for news

 depend on st (v): tuỳ thuộc Ex: A lot work will ……… on how she responds to the challenge

 dependable (adj):

 dependability (n):

 dependably (adv):

 dependant (n) (= dependent (US)):

 dependence (n):

 dependency (n):

 dependent (adj) # independent

 dependently (adv) # independently She is a ……… friend

Find a job and end your ……… on your parents

He is ……… on his parents

- bottom (n):

- starfish (n):

- shark (n):

- dolphin (n):

- jellyfish (n):

- seal (n):

- turtle (n):

- tiny (adj) = small:

- current (n) / /:

-  water current Ex: She had to swim against the current

- oversized (n) / /:

 oversized (adj):

Ex: Many children are being taught in oversized classes

- contribute (v) / /:

 contribution (n):

 contributory:

Everyone should ………… what he

or she can afford

The editor is short of ……… for the May issue

- diversity (n) / /

 biodiversity (n)

- maintain (v) / /:

 maintenance (n)

- at stake:

- refer to (v):

- surround (n) / /:

 surrounding (adj):

 surroundings (n):

- balance (n) / /:

 balance (v)

 balanced (adj):

- analyse (v) / /:

 analysis (n):

 analytic = analytical (adj):

 analytically (adv):

 analyst (n):

 in the last/ final analysis: suy cho cùng

By ……… the parts of the sentence we learn more about English Grammar

He presented a detailed ………

of the situation

- experiment (n) / /:

 experiment (v):

 experimentation (n):

 experimental (adj):

 experimentally (adv):

The researcher are repeating the

………… on rats

Many people object to ………

on animals

We are using the substance

……… at first

- organism (n) / /: a living being

Fill each gap with one suitable word with the first letter give:

1 Our teacher divided the class ……… smaller groups for discussion

2 The ocean ……… 75% of the earth’s surface

3 Scientific devices have ……… used to ……… the ocean depth

4 Clean air provides us with a healthy source of ………

5 A male whale can grow up to 18 ……… long

6 All of the rivers……… into the sea

7 One of the most dangerous sea ……… is the ………

8 ……… and whales can use sounds in ways ……… to a human language

9 Her mother gave ……… to a healthy baby last night

10 The boy always ……… the difficulty whenever he gets to it

- rubbish (n) / /:  rubbish (v):  rubbishy (adj): plastic (n):

 plastic (adj):

 plasticity (n):  plastic bag:

Many items in daily use are made out

of ………

- dustbin (n) (US: garbage can,

trash-can):

- sparing (adj): (with, of, in s.t): 

sparingly (adv): not wasting st

- fish (n)

 plural: fish/ fishes

 fishy (adj)

 fish (v):

 fisherman (n):

 fishery (n):

There’s something rather ………… going

on here

I often ……… at weekend

I often go ……… at weekend

- species (n):

- dispose (v):

-  dispose of sb/ st: to get rid of st that one does not want or cannot keep

 disposed (adj) (to do st):

- herbicide (n): a substance that is poisonous to plants, used to destroy plants growing where they are not wanted

- pesticide (n): a chemical substance used to kill insect

- fertilize (v):

 fertilization (n):

 fertilizer (n):

Flowers are often ………… by bees as they gather nectar (hút mật)

Get some more ……… for the garden

- release sb/ st from st (v): to allow a person or an animal to come out of a place

 release from st (n):

- threat (n):

 threaten sb (with st) (v):

 threateningly (adv):

- consequence (n):

 in consequence of st:

 consequent (adj) on/ upon st:

 consequently (adv):

My car broke down and ……… I was late

- butt (n):

- explosive (n):

 explosive (adj):

 explosively (adv)

- spill from/ out of st:

 spill (n):

 spillage (n):

 spill (n):

- litter (n)

 litter st (up) (with st):

 litter-bin/ litter-basket:

 litter-lout (n) (US: litter-bug):

- mammal (n):

 mammalian (adj)

- entire (adj):

 entirely (adv)

 entirety (n):

The ……… village was destroyed

Although they are twins, they look

……… different

We must examine the problem in its

………

- whale (n):

 whale (v, n): hunt for whales

 whaler (n):

 whaling (n):

 whalebone (n):

- krill (n):

- migrate / mai’greit/= transmigrate

(v): to move from one habitat to

another according to the seasons

 migrant (n):

 migration = transmigration (n):

 migratory (adj):

These birds ……… to North Africa

in winter

- bear (v) – born:

 birth (n)  give birth

- calf (n):  plural: calves

- conservation (n): preservation of the natural environment and wildlife

 conservationist (n):

 conservation area:

She is interested in ………

- sperm whale (n):

- carnivore (n):

 carnivorous (adj):

- squid (n):

 (v):

- gestation (n): the process of carrying a young person or animal inside the mother’s body for the period before birth

- span (n):

 (v):  (adj)

 life span: the length of time that st

is likely to live

- accidental (adj):

 accidentally (adv)

- entrap (v) sb/st by/ in st:

 entrapment (n):

- range (n):  (v):

- habitat (n): the natural environment of an animal or plant

 habitation (n): û

- offspring (n): a child, the young of an animal

GRAMMAR POINTS

1 Should:

Should là động từ hình thái, được dùng để diễn đạt:

a Trách nhiệm, bổn phận:

Ex: You should send this letter before September 5th She should clean her room

b Xin lời khuyên hoặc đưa ra lời đề nghị:

Ex: Shoul I call her?

S + suggest + S + should + Bare inf + …

Ex: He suggests that I should leave for Paris

c Nói rằng điều gì có thể xảy ra (theo sự suy đoán hợp lí), moat mong đợi:

Ex: Hồng should get here soon She has just called me It should rain tomorrow

d Để chỉ giả thiết:

Ex: I should help her if I were you If it should rain, I won’t come

e Ngoài rat a còn dùng should với những cấu trúc sau:

It + is/ was + adj + that + S + should + Bare inf + …………

(Các tính từ dùng trong trường hợp này: necessary, imperative, essential, vital.)

Ex: It is necessary that we should help them now.

Lest (e rằng)

For fear (sợ rằng)

Unless + S + should + Bare inf + …………

In case

If

Ex: It’s raining Don’t go out now lest you should catch a cold

You don’t do this job for fear you should be punished

f Notes:

► Các ngữ cũng có ý nghĩa tương tự như should::

had better

S + ought to + Bare inf + ……….

be supposed to

Ex: John had better study tonight

► Must/ Mustn’t có ý nghĩa mạnh hơn should/ shouldn’t ( bắt buộc):

Ex: You must take your passport when you travel abroad

2 I don’t think/ believe/ suppose …… + S + V

Khi chúng ta muốn đưa ra một ý phủ định với các động từ think/ believe/ suppose/ imagine …………, chúng ta thường dùng những động từ này ở thể phủ định chứ không phải động từ ở mệnh đề sau

Ex: I don’t think you have met my family (Tôi nghĩ bạn chưa gặp gia đình tôi.)

EXERCISES

I Choose the word in each group that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest:

II Choose the word in each line that has different stress pattern:

Part II: Vocabulary:

Fill each gap in the sentences with the correct form of the word in brackets:

1 At what (deep) ……… does the wreck lie?

2 The government is responsible for the (provide) ……… of medical services

3 The hours of waiting at the employment center seemed (end) ……… me

4 Air (polute) ……… has had a serious effect on human life

5 (environment) ……… are fighting against the hunting of whales

6 Scientists have made important (discover) ……… for the last few decades

7 The (major) ……… actually prefer TV to radio

8 We should stop doing anything to (danger) ……… wildlife

9 The safe (dispose) ……… of nuclear waste is a major problem

10 He was (accident) ……… hurt by a piece of glass from the broken window

11 Scientists are (investigate) ……… to find out the cause of the incident

12 Reducing the gap between rich and poor is one of the main (challenge) ……… facing the government

13 She gave me a (mystery) ……… look and said noting

14 We must be careful not to do anything that might (danger) ……… the economic recovery

15 Your success is (depend) ……… on how hard you work

Part III: Grammar

I Give advice to the following people Use “I (don’t) think ……… should” and one of these phrases:

go to the dentist take them back to the shop tell the bank wait watch videos too much

go to work tell them to buy fruit drive be more careful tell the truth

write to people work so hard apologise to his wife go out very night and spend money

1 Jenny and Tom are only sixteen, but they say they want to get married (I think they should wait.)

2 Kate is crying because I knocked her over We were playing a game

3 Peter’s got a very bad cold

4 Ann’s phone bill was enormous! Three hundred pounds!

5 Keith wants to drive home, but he hasn’t got his glasses

6 Alan had a terrible quarrel with his wife at the weekend It was his fault

7 Ann watches videos every night

8 David and Jane haven’t got much money But they go out every night and spend money

II What would you say in these situations? Add a sentence with “should (not)” and the words in parentheses

Why do people often catch birds in this area? (birds/ keep/ songs)

 I think birds should be kept for their songs

1 A polluted lake will kill the fish (we/ dump/ all trash/ the lake)

2 That movie isn’t for under – sixteens (you/ take/ younger brother/ there)

3 The precious wildlife in this national park can be disturbed (tourist/ strictly obey/ park’s regulations)

4 Why don’t we turn off some lights? It’s too bright here (we/ waste/ electricity)

5 Too many trees in this forest have been cut down (trees/ preserve/ prevent floods)

III Write conditional sentences according to the ideas suggested:

1 Go right now or you will be late for the train

2 I don’t know enough about the machine, so I can’t mend it myself

3 Nick couldn’t find the way because he didn’t have a map

4 I can’t look the word up because I haven’t got a dictionary

5 John ignores Nancy, so she gets angry at him

6 We didn’t visit our grandparents because they lived so far away

7 Finish all exercises I have given you, or you will be punished

8 Unless you have invitation card, you won’t be let in

9 He wouldn’t be famous unless he acted a lot of films

10 Linus is smart, so he finds clever solutions to life’s problems

IV Put the verb into the correct form:

1 If my grandfather (be) still alive, he would help me solve this problem

2 I (offer) to give you a gift if I had my car here

3 Where (you/ choose) if you could live anywhere in the world?

4 If you (drive) from London to Glasgow, which way would you go?

5 If I (live) out of town, I (take) up the garden

6 We (not have) any money if we (not work)

7 I (not mind) living in England if the weather (be) better

8 If I were you, I (not wait), I (go) now

9 If we (have) more reliable car, we (drive) to Spain rather than fly

10 If Mr Morgan (be) still head teacher, he (not permit) such bad behaviour

11 If he (eat) all that, he will be ill

12 She could give us some advice if she (be) here now

13 What will happen if my parachute (not / open) ?

14 The baby (wake) up if you spoke louder

15 If he had learned maths, he (not -cheat) by that salesman

16 Will you phone if there (be) any problems ?

17 If I (know) the answer, I would tell you

18 You (not / have) so many accidents if you drove more carefully

19 If she (not - get) married young, she wouldn’t have had many children

20.If he (get up) earlier, he’d get to work on time.

V Fill in blank with one proper word:

Jane went ……… London ……… her father on a sight-……… tour While staying ………, they visited many interesting ……… of the city They also ……… shopping in Regent Street and Oxford ………, two famous business center not far ……… their hotel

Choose the best answer:

1 We are going to Ha Long Bay as soon as ……… taking our final exam

2 Children ……… pingpong when their mother comes back home

3 I don’t mind how you deal ……… the problem It’s ……… you

4 You are bad ……… English You should study harder

5 If modern technology did not exist, we would never have such precious information.

6 The floor was covered in tiny pieces of paper.

7 We enjoy the warm water of the Gulf of Thailand.

c a part of the sea enclosed by a wide curve of the shore

d a large area of water surrounded by land

8 How many offspring does a sperm whale usually have?

9 The country is divided ……… nine regions

10 Whale feed on krill.

11 ……… is a chemical used for killing weeds

12 These birds ……… to North Africa in winter

13 Whales and sharks are carnivores, ……… means they eat meat

14 We wondered why ……… leave a tip

15 “Would you like some cake?” “No, thanks If I ……… cake, I ……… fat.”

a ate/ will get b ate/ would get c would eat/ could get d am eating/ will get

16 If I weren’t working for an accounting firm, I ……… in a bank

17 I really think you ……… go and see the doctor, you look very tired

18 The price on this packet is wrong It says 5,000$ but it ……… be 3,000$

19 If I ……… someone else, I’d to be a film star

20 The shrimp is a kind of ………

21 Tam ……… more if he ……… more time

22 I wonder where Mai is She should ……… here by now

23 I wouldn’t work for them if they ……… me twice my current salary

24 You really ……… stop smoking, you know It’s bad for you

25 Here ……… notebook and report that I promised you last week

26 I think the problem can be got ……… without too much difficult

27 Tom really ……… go out He has too much homework to do

28 What would you do if you ………by a snake

29 If we took the 10:30 train we ……… arrive early

30 ……… refers to the existence of different plants and animals in a place

31 The cause of the fire is being investigated.

32 it was great to see monkeys in their natural habitat.

33 We’ll only be able to come if we can get some time off

a We’ll only be able to come unless we can get some time off

b We’ll not only be able to come unless we can get some time off

c We would only be able to come if we can get some time off

d We wouldn’t only be able to come if we can get some time off

34 photos/ the/ take/ a/ in/ London/ last week/ studio

a The photos were taken in a London studio last week

b The photos was taken in a London studio last week

c The photos have been taken in a London studio last week

d The photos had been taken in a London studio last week

35 If only you’d come, ………

a I’ll the happiest girl alive b I’d have had a lovely time c I look forward to it

36 Thanks to the doctor’s help, ………

a I would still feel bad now otherwise b I would tell much better c I feel fine now

There is a mistake in the four underlined parts of each sentence Circle the mistake:

37 (a) Can you (b) turn the television up (c) a bit? It’s (d) too loud

38 (a) Can you look (b) the plane (c) in (d) the sky?

39 If you had (a) the chance (b) to meet famous (c) writers, what (d) do you ask them?

40 (a) Have you ever (b) learned (c) how to do (d) a cake?

41 If he (a) didn’t speak (b) so quick, we could (c) understand (d) him

42 Whales are (a) under danger (b) because of the (c) incsease in the number of (d) hunters

43 (a) Will Linh (b) mind if I (c) took his motorbike without (d) asking him?

44 I would be (a) surprise if Phöông (b) would agree to (c) lend you (d) some money

45 Do you (a) think I (b) ought (c) apply (d) for this job

46 If (a) driver obeyed the (b) speed limit, (c) fewer accidents (d) occur

READING COMPREHENSION

A Read the passage carefully and then choose the best answer.

Man is a land animal, but he is closely tied to the sea Throughout history, the sea has served the needs of man The sea provided man with food and convenient way to travel to many parts of the world Today, nearly two-thirds of the world’s population lives within 80 kilometres of the seacoast

In the modern technological world, the sea offers many resources to help humankind survive Resources on land are beginning to be used up The sea, however, still can be hoped to supply many of man’s needs

The list of riches of the sea yet to be developed by man’s technology is impressive Oil and gas exploration have been carried out for nearly 30 years Valuable amounts of mineral exist on the ocean floor ready to be mined

Fish farming promises to be a good way to produce large quantities of food The culture of fish and shellfish is an ancient skill practised in the past mainly by the Oriental people

Besides oil and gas, the sea may offer new source of energy Experts believe that the warm temperature of the ocean can be used in a way similar to the steam in a steamship Ocean currents and waves offer possible use as a source of energy Technology is enabling man to explore ever more deeply under sea The development of strong, new materials has made this possible

The technology to harvest the sea continues to improve Experts believe that by the year 2020 the problems that prevent us exploiting fully the food, minerals and energy sources of the sea will be largely solved

47 The major thing that the sea offers man is _

48 The sea serves the needs of man because _

49 We can conclude from this passage that

50 The words “Oriental people” in underlined probably mean _

51 The best title for this passage is _

B Read the passage and choose the part (A, B, C or D) that best fits each numbered blank

WHALES

How far would you travel for a good meal? If you were a humpback whale, the answer would be five thousand miles These large sea animals travel at least that far from their winter home off the (56)……… of Columbia to their summer (57)

……… areas off Antarctica The distance covered by some types of whale is amazing, especially when you (58) ……… their enormous size The blue whale is the largest animal that has ever (59) …… and it can weigh as much as thirty elephants It (60) ……… as no surprise, therefore, to hear the ancient folk legends tell of sailors (61) ……… these creatures for islands The more we (62) ……… about whales, the more wonderful they seem Some species can (63) …… their breath for more than an hour and dive to a (64) ……… of over 2,000 meters They use a system of sounds (65) …… as echo- location to find the fish they eat and they have further sounds to keep in (66) …… with each other The noises they (67) ……… can travel hundreds of miles under water Some species seem to sing complicated songs which (68) …… of number of separate themes, sung in a specific order which can (69) ……… up to half an hour or more If you ever get the (70) ……… To see one of these great creatures in the wild, you will understand why they have inspired so many legends