Bài giản về CadCamCnctcposam

There are many forms of CNC turning centers… ✰ Universal slant bed ✰ Chucker slant bed ✰ Twin spindle horizontal ✰ Single spindle vertical ✰ Twin spindle vertical ✰ Mill/turn machines ✰

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Lesson One:

Machine Configurations

Turning Center

Programming And Operation

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2Key

Concept

Number

One

CYCLE START FEED HOLD

EDIT AUTO MDI JOG HANDLE ZERO RETURN

10%

25% 50%

100%

RAPID OVERRIDE

1 12

TURRET INDEX

2 3 5

7 8 9 10 11 SLOW FAST

EMERGENCY STOP

FANUC 10T

POWER ON OFF

E ? @ @ , [ ] ( ) * PAGE CURSOR SHIFT

7 8 9

4 5 6

1 2 3

- 0 + = CAN

RESET START CALC INPUT NC/PC AUX

X00.0000 Z00.0000

X Z X1 X10 X100 0

ON OFF DRY RUN SINGLE BLOCK MACHINE LOCK OPTIONAL STOP DELETE BLOCK

X+

Z-

X-JOYSTICK

Z+

ON OFF SPINDLE

OFF ON MEMORY PROTECT

CHUCK TAILSTOCK

Key concept #1

From programmer’s viewpoint

You must understand the machine you’ll be working with!

From operator’s viewpointKey concept #7

In key concept #1 we look at the

machine from a programmer’s viewpoint

In key concept #7 we look at the machine from an operator’s viewpoint

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3Key

 Understanding turning center feeds and speeds

 General flow of CNC Usage

 Visualizing the execution of a CNC program

 Understanding program zero

 Determining program zero assignment values

 Three ways to assign program zero

Seven Lessons

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4Key

Seven Lessons

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5Key

Understanding turning center feeds and speeds

Seven Lessons

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6Key

General flow of CNC Usage

Seven Lessons

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7Key

Visualizing the execution of a CNC program

Seven Lessons

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8Key

Understanding program zero

Seven Lessons

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9Key

Determining program zero assignment values

Seven Lessons

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10Key

Three ways to assign program zero

Seven Lessons

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11Key

Three ways to assign program zero

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Lesson Number One:

Machine Configurations

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Lesson One Lesson Plan

 Universal slant bed

 Chucker slant bed

 Twin spindle horizontal

 Single/twin spindle vertical

 Mill/turn machines

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 Basic machining practice

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 Machine configurations

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 Programmable functions

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1 1

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Single spindle vertical

Twin spindle vertical

Mill / turn

Gang style

Sliding headstock

Programmable features Turret

Spindle Feedrate Coolant

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Basic Machining Practice

The Key To Proper CNC

Machine Usage!

You must understand basic machining practice as it relates to turning centers

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Though basic machining practice is beyond

the scope of this course…

…you must understand:

✔Machining operations

Rough turning/finish turning Rough boring/finish boring Drilling

Tapping Threading Grooving/necking Knurling

Like:

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✔Processing

Development of the machining order

by which the workpiece is produced

Processing:

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✔Processing

You must be able to determine spindle speed, feedrate, and depth of cut based upon cutting tool material workpiece

material, and rigidity of setup

✔Cutting conditions

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✔Processing

You must understand all aspects of basic machining practice in order to write safe, workable CNC programs

✔Work-holding setups

✔Blueprint reading, dimensioning, etc.

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✔Processing

You must understand all aspects of basic machining practice in order to write safe, workable CNC programs

✔Work-holding setups

✔Blueprint reading, dimensioning, etc.

If you feel weak in your basic machining practice skills…

See pages 1-1 through 1-37 in the student manual!

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Machine Configurations

Turning centers are available in several styles

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There are many forms of CNC

turning centers…

✰ Universal slant bed

✰ Chucker slant bed

✰ Twin spindle horizontal

✰ Single spindle vertical

✰ Twin spindle vertical

✰ Mill/turn machines

✰ Gang type

✰ Sliding headstock

In all cases…

X will be the diameter controlling axis

Z will be the length controlling axis

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turning centers…

✰ Universal slant bed

✰ Gang type

In all cases…

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Universal style slant bed turning center

Front view of machine

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Headstock

& Spindle

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Work-holding

Device

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Body Quill

Center

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Turret

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A universal slant bed turning

center can perform all types of

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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Z Axis

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-Universal style slant bed turning center

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X is the diameter controlling axis

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If you want to turn a 3.0 inch diameter…

X3.0 will be the commanding word

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X is always the diameter-controlling axis

Z is always the length controlling axis

Also:

X+: always gets bigger in diameterZ+: always away from the spindle

Though some machine tool builders

reverse the polarity of the X axis

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turning centers…

✰ Gang type

In all cases…

Because it is the most popular turning center style, examples

in this course stress this

machine type

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turning centers…

✰ Gang type

In all cases…

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turning centers…

✰ Chucker slant bed

✰ Gang type

In all cases…

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Chucker style slant bed turning center

NO Tailstock!

Chuck

Turret Headstock

Same basic components, but…

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Chucker style slant bed turning center

Z travel is usually quite short

X is still the diameter controlling axis…

…Z is still the length controlling axis

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turning centers…

✰ Chucker slant bed

✰ Gang type

In all cases…

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turning centers…

✰ Twin spindle horizontal

✰ Gang type

In all cases…

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Twin spindle horizontal bed style

Turret 2 Turret 1

Spindle 2 Spindle 1

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Twin spindle horizontal bed style

This machine is like having two independent

chucker-style machines in one!

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X is always the diameter-controlling axis

Z is always the length controlling axis

And also:

X+: always gets bigger in diameter

(regardless of which spindle)Z+: always away from the spindle

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When it comes to axis movements, a

program can be run in either spindle!

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turning centers…

✰ Gang type

In all cases…

Some two-spindle turning centers have

opposing spindles – commonly called

“sub-spindle” turning centers…

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Main spindle turret

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Sub-spindle

turning center

This kind of machine can machine both

ends of the same workpiece in one cycle

Half-way through the cycle, the workpiece is transferred from the main spindle to the sub-spindle…

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Sub-spindle

turning center

2) Sub-spindle extends

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Sub-spindle

turning center

3) Sub-spindle retracts

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turning centers…

✰ Gang type

In all cases…

Some two-spindle turning centers have

opposing spindles – commonly called

“sub-spindle” turning centers

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turning centers…

✰ Gang type

In all cases…

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turning centers…

✰ Single spindle vertical

✰ Gang type

In all cases…

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Spindle Single Spindle Vertical Style

Front view of machine

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Turret

Spindle

Single Spindle Vertical Style

This kind of turning center is popular

with very large, heavy workpieces…

The workpiece weight helps hold the it

in place in the work-holding device!

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Single Spindle Vertical Style

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turning centers…

✰ Single spindle vertical

✰ Gang type

In all cases…

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turning centers…

✰ Twin spindle vertical

✰ Gang type

In all cases…

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Twin spindle vertical style

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Twin spindle vertical style

This machine is like having two

single-spindle vertical turning centers in one!

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turning centers…

✰ Twin spindle vertical

✰ Gang type

In all cases…

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