Iec 62689 1 2016

3 8.4.5 F I/DSU ad itional o tional fe ture clas es not strictly related to pure fault detection.. Ta le 5 – Ad itional o tional fe ture clas es not strictly related to pure fault detect

Part 1: General principles and requirements

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Part 1: General principles and requirements

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Partie 1: Exigences et principes généraux

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CONTENTS

FOREWORD 7

INTRODUCTION 9

1 Sco e 1

2 Normative referen es 1

3 Terms, definition , a breviation an s mb ls 13 3.1 General terms an definition 14 3.2 Terms an definition related to neutral p int tre tment 18 3.3 Terms an definition related to dielectric ratin s 19 3.4 Terms an definition related to c r ent ratin s 21

3.5 Terms an definition related to other ratin s 21

3.6 Ab reviation an s mb ls 21

4 Choice of FPI req irements ac ordin to network an fault typ 2

5 Overview of a plcation 2

5.1 General des ription 2

5.2 Ap l cation with regard to in tal ation typ 2

5.2.1 Overhe d l ne a pl cation 2

5.2.2 Un ergrou d ca le a pl cation 2

5.3 Ap l cation with regard to fault detection ca a i ty 24 5.3.1 Sin le phase a pl cation 2

5.3.2 Thre -phase a pl cation 2

5.3.3 Resid al c r ent a pl cation 2

5.3.4 Thre -phase an resid al c r ent a pl cation 2

6 Ap l cation with regard to network config ration an o eration 2

7 FPI’s/DSU’s main elements 25 7.1 General 2

7.2 Cur ent an voltage sen ors 2

7.2.1 General 2

7.2.2 Ac urac for c r ent (an voltage) sen ors 2

7.3 Tran mis ion of sig als b twe n sen ors an CPIU 2

7.4 Con itionin , proces in an in icatin u it (CPIU) 26 7.5 Human–Mac ine Interface (HMI) 2

7.5.1 General 2

7.5.2 L cal display 2

7.5.3 Remote display 2

8 FPI/DSU clas ification an u age clas es (data model an profi e definition, testin ) 2

8.1 General 2

8.2 Integration of FPIs in the electrical grid 2

8.2.1 F I for local in ication of fault detection 2

8.2.2 F Is for remote in ication of fault detection 2

8.2.3 DSUs ful y integrated in network o eration s stem (SCADA) 29 8.3 Information from FPIs/DSUs 2

8.3.1 General 2

8.3.2 Information from FPIs for local in ication of fault detection 30 8.3.3 Information from FPIs for remote in ication of fault detection 3

8.3.4 Information from DSUs ful y integrated in network o eration s stem

(SCADA) 31

8.4 FPI/DSU clas ification throu h p rforman e/ca a i ties clas es 3

8.4.1 General 3

8.4.2 Fault detection ca a i ty clas 3

8.4.3 Commu ication ca a i ty clas 3

8.4.4 Power s p ly clas 3

8.4.5 F I/DSU ad itional o tional fe ture clas es not strictly related to pure fault detection 3

8.4.6 Complete F I/DSU clas ification throu h p rforman e/ca a i ty clas es 3

9 Service con ition 41

9.1 General 41

9.2 Normal service con ition 41

9.2.1 Au i ary p wer s p ly 41

9.2.2 Ambient air temp rature 41

9.2.3 Altitu e 4

9.2.4 Vibration or e rth tremors 4

9.2.5 Other service con ition for in o r FPI/DSU 4

9.2.6 Other service con ition for outdo r F I/DSUs 4

9.3 Sp cial service con ition 4

9.3.1 General 4

9.3.2 Altitu e 4

9.3.3 Vibration or e rth ua es 4

10 Ratin s 4

10.1 General 4

10.2 Rated primary voltage 4

10.3 Stan ard values of rated voltage factor 4

10.3.1 Earthed electronic voltage tran formers 4

10.3.2 Une rthed electronic voltage tran formers 4

10.4 Hig est in ulation levels for FPI primary terminals 44 10.4.1 General 4

10.4.2 Other req irements for F I/DSU primary terminals in ulation 4

10.4.3 In ulation req irements for low voltage comp nents ( erminals of secon ary voltage sen ors) 4

10.5 Rated freq en y ran e 48 10.6 Rated primary c r ent 4

10.7 Rated s ort time thermal c r ent 4

10.8 Rated d namic c r ent 4

10.9 Rated s p ly voltage of au i ary an control circ its 48 10.10 Rated s p ly freq en y of au i ary circ its 4

1 Desig an con tru tion 49 1 1 General 4

1 2 Req irement for in ulation material in eq ipment 4

1 3 Req irements for temp rature rise of sen or p rts an comp nents 4

1 3.1 General 4

1 3.2 Influen e of altitu e on temp rature-rise 5

1 4 Earthin of eq ipment 51 1 4.1 General 51

1 4.2 Electrical contin ity 51

1 5 Maximum mas for cl p on in talation 51

1 6 Markin an ad itional information 5

1 6.1 Ratin plate markin s 5

1 6.2 Terminal markin s 5

1 7 Degre of protection by en los res 5

1 7.1 General 5

1 7.2 Protection of p rson again t ac es to hazardou p rts an protection of the eq ipment again t in res of sol d foreig o jects 5

1 7.3 Protection again t in res of water 5

1 7.4 Recommen ed IP degre s: in o r in tal ation 5

1 7.5 Recommen ed IP degre s: outdo r in tal ation 5

1 7.6 Protection of eq ipment again t mec anical imp ct u der normal service con ition 5

1 8 Cre p ge distan es 5

1 8.1 Pol ution 5

1 8.2 Cor ection 55 1 9 Flamma i ty 5

1 10 En ironmental comp tibi ty 55 1 10.1 General 5

1 10.2 Req irements for electromag etic comp tibi ty (EMC) 56 1 10.3 Req irements for cl matic immu ity 5

1 10.4 Mec anical req irements 5

1 1 Mec anical stres es on terminals (o tional) 5

12 Tests 5

12.1 General 5

12.1.1 Clas ification of tests 5

12.1.2 List of tests 6

12.2 Typ tests 6

12.2.1 General provision for typ tests 6

12.2.2 Information for identification of sp cimen 61

12.2.3 Information to b in lu ed in typ test re orts 61

12.2.4 Short time c r ent test 6

12.2.5 Power- req en y voltage with tan tests on primary terminals 6

12.2.6 Temp rature-rise test 6

12.2.7 Lig tnin impulse voltage test on primary terminals 6

12.2.8 Wet test for outdo r typ tran formers 6

12.2.9 L w-voltage comp nent voltage with tan test 64 12.2.10 Electromag etic Comp tibi ty (EMC) tests 6

12.2.1 Partial dis harge test on primary terminals 6

12.2.12 Verification of markin s 6

12.2.13 Verification of the degre of protection by en los res 6

12.2.14 Fu ctional tests 6

12.2.15 Cl matic tests 6

12.2.16 Mec anical tests 6

12.3 Routine tests 6

12.3.1 General 6

12.3.2 Power- req en y voltage with tan test for primary terminals 6

12.3.3 Power- req en y voltage with tan test for low-voltage comp nents 6

12.3.4 Partial dis harge test on primary terminals 6

12.3.5 Fu ctional tests 6

12.3.6 Verification of markin s 6

12.4 Sp cial tests 6

12.4.1 General 6

12.4.2 Cho p d impulse voltage with tan test on primary terminals 6

12.4.3 Fire hazard test 6

12.4.4 Agein test 6

12.4.5 Mec anical stres es on terminals test 6

An ex A (informative) Example of g ide for the selection of eq ipment ac ordin to u e – information to b provided with in uiries, ten ers, an orders 69 An ex B (informative) Examples of p s ible FPI/DSU arc itectures 7

An ex C (informative) Examples of FPI/DSU regardin commu ication ca a i ties 7

Bibl ogra h 8

Fig re 1 – General arc itecture of an FPI 10 Fig re 2 – Pos ible arc itecture of a typical FPI 2

Fig re 3 – Pos ible detai ed arc itecture of a DSU in a wide exten ed config ration 2

Fig re 4 – Example of p s ible co xisten e of diferent p rforman e level FPIs/DSUs on the same MV fe der 2

Fig re 5 – Example of p s ible p rts to con ider con ernin in ulation req irements for LV comp nents 4

Fig re 6 – Altitu e cor ection factor for the temp rature rise 51

Fig re B.1 – Example of a F5NC(or C) – T2 – P3 – 3 clas FPI for u dergrou d ca le a pl cation 7

Fig re B.2 – Example of a F3NC(or C) – T1 – P2 – max 2 clas FPI for u dergrou d ca le a plcation 71

Fig re B.3 – Example of an F6NC –T4 – P3 – 4 clas DSU for u dergrou d ca le a pl cation 7

Fig re B.4 – Example of an F6NC –T4 – P3 – 4 clas DSU for u dergrou d ca le a pl cation 7

Fig re B.5 – Example of a F5C(or NC) – T2 – P4 – 3 clas FPI for u dergrou d ca le a pl cation 7

Fig re C.1 – Example of an F1 (F2/F3) C (NC) – T2 – P2 – 1 (2) clas FPI for outdo r in tal ation on overhe d con u tors 7

Fig re C.2 – Examples of an F4 (F5/F6) C (NC) – T2 – P3 (P4) – 3 (4) clas DSU for u dergrou d ca le a pl cation 7

Fig re C.3 – Examples of an F4 (F5/F6) C (NC) – T2 – P3 (P4) – 4 clas DSU for u dergrou d ca le a pl cation 79 Fig re C.4 – Examples of a F4 (F5/F6) C (NC) – T3 (T4) – P3 (P4) – 3(4) clas DSU for u dergrou d ca le a pl cation 8

Ta le 1 – FPI/DSU clas ification prin iples throu h clas es to b u ed for data model an profi e definition an testin 33 Ta le 2 – FPI fault detection ca a i ty clas es to b u ed for data model an profie definition an testin 3

Ta le 3 – Commu ication ca a i ty to b u ed for data model an profi e definition an testin 3

Ta le 5 – Ad itional o tional fe ture clas es (not strictly related to pure fault

detection) 3

Ta le 6 – FPIs u age clas es: fault detection ca a i ties an commu ication ca a i ties 3

Ta le 7 – FPI/DSU minimum an maximum temp ratures 41

Ta le 8 – Stan ard values of rated voltage factor (k u ) 4

Ta le 9 – Rated in ulation levels 45 Ta le 10 – Partial dis harge test voltages an p rmis ible levels 4

Ta le 1 – Rated values of au i ary s p ly voltage – d.c voltage 4

Ta le 12 – Rated values of au i ary s p ly voltage – a.c voltage 4

Ta le 13 – Limits of temp rature rise for variou p rts, materials an dielectric of sen ors 5

Ta le 14 – Unified sp cific cre p ge distan e (USCD) 5

Ta le 15 – Fire hazard of electrotec nical prod cts 5

Ta le 16 – Electromag etic immu ity req irements 5

Ta le 17 – Cl matic immu ity req irements 5

Ta le 18 – Mec anical immu ity req irements 5

Ta le 19 – List of tests 6

Ta le 2 – EMC test 6

Ta le 21 – Cl matic tests 6

Ta le 2 – Mec anical tests 6

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

Part 1: General principles and requirements

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International Stan ard IEC 6 6 9-1 has b en pre ared by IEC tec nical commite 3 :

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IMPORTANT – The 'colour in ide' logo on the cov r pa e of this publ c tion indic te

that it contains colours whic are consid re to be u eful for the cor e t

understa ding of its conte ts Us rs s ould therefore print this doc me t using a

colour printer

The IEC 6 6 9 series is a prod ct fami y stan ard for c r ent an voltage sen ors or

detectors, to b u ed for fault p s age in ication purp ses by s ita le devices or fu ction ,

in icated as fault p s age in icator (F I) or distribution s bstation u it (DSU), de en in on

their p rforman es

Diferent names are u ed to in icate FPIs de en in on the region of the world an on their

fu ctionalties con ernin ca a i ty to detect diferent kin s of faults, for in tan e:

• fault detector;

• smart sen or;

• faulted circ it in icator (FCI);

• s ort circ it in icator (SCI);

• e rth fault in icator (EFI);

• test p int mou ted FCI

• combination of the a ove

Simpler version , u in only local information/sig als an /or local commu ication, are cal ed

FPI whie very evolved version are cal ed DSU The later are expl citly desig ed for smart

grid an b sed on IEC 6 8 0-5 an IEC 618 0 commu ication protocols Comp red to

in trument tran formers, digital commu ication tec nolog is s bject to on-goin c an es

whic are exp cted to contin e in the future

Profou d exp rien e with de p integration b twe n electronic an in trument tran formers

has yet to b gathered on a bro der b sis, as this typ of eq ipment is not yet widespre d in

the in u try

DSUs, b sides F I b sic fu ction , may also o tional y integrate ad itional au i ary fu ction

• voltage presen e/a sen e detection for medium voltage (MV) network automation, with

an without distributed energ resources presen e (not for fault confirmation, whic can

b a b sic FPI fu ction de en in on the ado ted fault detection method, neither for

safety-related asp cts, whic are covered by IEC 612 3-5);

a pl cation , s c as MV network automation, monitorin of p wer flows, etc

• smart grid management (s c as voltage control an u wanted islan o eration) by

me n of a pro er interface with local distributed generators (DER);

• local output of col ected information by me n of s ita le interfaces;

• remote tran mis ion of col ected information;

• others

A general F I s heme is outl ned in Fig re 1

A DSU may have a mu h more complex s heme

A: Cure t (a d, if n c s ary, v lta e)se sors 1 or 3 p ases ma b mo itore

B: Tra smis io of sig als b twe n se sors a d ele tro ics

C: L c l in ic tio s (lamps, LEDs, fla s, etc.)

D: An lo u , digital a d/or c mmu ic tio in uts/o tp ts for remote c mmu ic tio /c mma ds (h rd wire a d/or

wireles )

E: Co n ctio s to field a p ratus

F: Sig al c n itio in , pro es in a d in ic tin u it (CPIU)

G: Power su ply

Cure t se sor(s) ma d te t fa lt c re t p s a es with ut a y n e of g lv nic c n e tio to th p ase(s) ( or

insta c in c se of c ble ty e c r e t se sors or of ma n tic field se sor)

Not al th a o e lste p rts or fu ctio s are n c s ariy in lu e in th F I d p n in o its c mple ity a d o

its te h olo y Howe er, at le st 1 o e of C or D fu ctio s sh l b prese t

Fig re 1 – Ge eral arc ite ture of a FPI

0.2 Position of this sta dard in relation to the IEC 618 0 s rie

IEC 618 0 is the series of International Stan ard inten ed to b u ed for commu ication an

s stems to s p ort p wer uti ty automation

The IEC 6 6 9 series wi also introd ce a dedicated namesp ce to s p ort integration of

FPIs/DSUs into p wer uti ty automation

In ad ition, it defines pro er data models an dif erent profi es of commu ication interfaces to

s p ort the diferent u e cases of these F Is/DSUs

Some of these u e cases rely on the con e t of exten ed s bstation, whic is inten ed as the

commu ication amon intel gent electronic devices (IED) throu h IEC 618 0 located b th

alon MV fe ders an in the main s bstation, for the most so histicated FPI version ( or

smart grid a pl cation , for in tan e, u ual y DSUs) Su h a profi e may not b l mited to

FPI/DSU devices, but may embrace fe tures ne ded to s p ort exten ion of these

s bstation alon the MV fe ders con ected to the main s bstation themselves

CURRENT AND VOLTAGE SENSORS OR DETECTORS,

Part 1: General principles and requirements

This p rt of IEC 6 6 9 defines the minimum req irements ( herefore p rforman es) an

con eq ent clas ification an tests (with the ex e tion of fu ctional an commu ication ones)

for fault p s age in icators (FPIs) an distribution s bstation u its (DSUs) (in lu in their

c r ent an /or voltage sen ors), whic are, resp ctively, a device or a device/combination of

devices an /or fu ction a le to detect faults an provide in ication a out their localzation

By localzation of the fault is me nt the fault p sition with resp ct to the F I/DSU in tal ation

p int on the network (upstre m or down tre m from the FPI/DSU’s location) or the direction of

the fault c r ent flowin throu h the FPI/DSU itself The fault local zation may b o tained

• directly from the FPI/DSU, or

• from a central s stem u in information from more FPIs or DSUs,

con iderin the fe tures an the o eratin con ition of the electric s stem where the

FPIs/DSUs are in tal ed

In this p rt of IEC 6 6 9, the FPI/DSU clas ification is sp cified in detai , in ac ordan e with

the first “core” clas ification defined in IEC 6 6 9-2, whic is expl citly foc sed on the

des ription of electric phenomena an electric s stem resp n e d rin faults, con iderin the

most widely difu ed distribution s stem arc itecture an fault typ logies

Th s, IEC 6 6 9-2 is mainly foc sed on helpin u ers in the cor ect c oice of FPIs/DSUs,

where s IEC 6 6 9-1, IEC 6 6 9-3 an IEC 6 6 9-4 are mainly foc sed on FPI/DSU

req irements, commu ication an testin proced res, resp ctively

The folowin doc ments, in whole or in p rt, are normatively referen ed in this doc ment an

are in isp n a le for its a pl cation For dated referen es, only the edition cited a pl es For

u dated referen es, the latest edition of the referen ed doc ment (in lu in an

amen ments) a pl es

IEC 6 0 8, Intern to al sta dard of resista ce for cop p er

IEC 6 0 8, IEC sta dard v lages

IEC 6 0 0-1, High-v la e test te ch iques – Part 1: G en ral defini o s a d te st re uireme ts

IEC 6 0 8-2-1, En iro me tal te stn – Part 2-1: Te sts – Te st A: Cold

IEC 6 0 8-2-14, En iro me tal te stn – Part 2-14: Tests – Test N: Ch nge of tem p erature

IEC 6 0 8-2-2, En iro me tal testn – Part 2-2: Te sts – Test B: Dry h at

IEC 6 0 8-2-6, En iro me tal testn – Part 2-6: Tests – Test Fc: Vib rato (sinusoidal

IEC 6 0 8-2-3 , En iro me tal te stn – Part 2-30: Tests – Test Db :D amp h at, cyclc

( 2 h + 12 h cycle )

IEC 6 0 8-2-7 , En iro me tal testn – Part 2-78: Te sts – Te st Cab : Damp he at, ste dy

state

IEC 6 0 1-1, Insulato co-ordin to – Part 1: Defini o s, p rinciple s a d rules

IEC 6 0 5, Ele ctrical insulato – Th rmal e valu ato a d designato

IEC 6 121, Re comme dato for commercial a n ale d alu m inu m electrical co ductorwire

IEC 6 2 0, High-v lage test te ch iqu e s – Partal dis h rge me sureme nts

IEC 6 417, G ra hical symb ols for use o e uipme t (avai a le at: htp:/ www.gra hical

-s mb ls.info/eq ipment

IEC 6 4 5 (al p rts), Re sin b ased re ctv comp unds usedfor ele ctricalinsulato

IEC 6 5 9, Degre s ofp rote cto p ro ided b y e closures (IP Code )

IEC 6 6 5-1-3 , Fire h zard testn – Part 1-30: G uida ce for as es in th fire h zard of

ele ctrote ch ical p roducts – Pre selecto testn p roce ss – G en ral gu ide lin s

IEC 6 6 5-7-1, Fire h zardtestn – Part 7-1: To iciy of fire eflu e nt – Gene ral gu ida ce

IEC TS 6 815 (al p rts), Sele cto a d dime sio in ofhigh-v lage insulators inte nde d for

use in p olu ted co di o s

IEC TS 6 815-1, Sele cto a d dime sio in of high-v la e insu lators inte ded for use in

p lu te dco di o s – Part 1: D efini o s, informato a d gen ral p rincip le s

IEC TS 6 815-2, Selecto a d dime sio in of hig -v lage insulators inte ded for use in

p lu tedco di o s – Part 2: Ce ramic a d glas insu lators for a.c systems

IEC TS 6 815-3, Se lecto a d dime sio in of high-v lage insu lators inte nde d for use in

p lu tedco di o s – Part 3: Polymer insulators for a.c systems

IEC 6 8 0-5-101, Teleco trol e uip me t a d systems – Part 5-10 1: Tra smis io p rotocols –

Comp nio sta dard forb asic te le co troltasks

IEC 6 8 0-5-10 , Tele co trole qu ip me t a d systems – Part 5-10 4: Tra smis io p rotocols,

Network ac es forIEC 60870-5-101 usin sta dard tra sp ort p rofie s

IEC 610 0-4-10, Ele ctromagnetc comp tb il y (EMC) – Part 4-10 : Te stn a d me su reme t

tech iqu es – D amp ed os i atory magnetc field immu niy test

IEC 610 0-4-1 , Electromagnetc comp tb il y (EMC) – Part 4-1 : Te stn a d me su reme nt

te ch iqu e s – Volage dip s, sh rt interupto s a d v lage v riato s immu niy tests

IEC 610 0-4-12, Ele ctromagnetc comp tb il y (EMC) – Part 4-12: Testn a d me asu reme t

tech iqu es – Rin wa e immuniy te st

IEC 610 0-4-16, Electromagnetc comp tb il y (EMC) – Part 4-16: Te stn a d me su reme nt

tech iqu e s – Test for immu niy to co ducte d, commo mode disturb ances in th fre ue ncy

ra ge 0 Hz to 15 kHz

IEC 610 0-4-18, Electromagnetc comp tb il y (EMC) – Part 4-18: Te stn a d me su reme nt

te ch iqu e s – D amp e d os i atory wa e immu niy te st

IEC 610 0-4-2, Electroma n tc comp tb il y (EMC) – Part 4-2: Te stn a d me su reme nt

te ch iques – Electrostatc dis h rg immu niy test

IEC 610 0-4-3, Electromagnetc comp atb il y (EMC) – Part 4-3: Te stn a d me su reme t

tech iqu es – Radiated, radio-fre u ency, electromagnetc field immu niy test

IEC 610 0-4-4, Ele ctromagnetc com patb il y (EMC) – Part 4-4: Testn a d me asureme t

tech iqu e s – Ele ctrical fast tra sie t/b urst immuniy te st

IEC 610 0-4-5, Ele ctroma n tc com patb il y (EMC) – Part 4-5: Testn a d me su reme nt

te ch iqu e s – Surg immu niy test

IEC 610 0-4-6, Electroma n tc comp tb il y (EMC) – Part 4-6: Te stn a d me su reme nt

te ch iques – Immu niy to co ducte d disturb ance s induce d b y radio-fre quency fie lds

IEC 610 0-4-8, Electromagnetc comp atb il y (EMC) – Part 4-8: Te stn a d me su reme t

tech iqu es – Power fre uency ma n tc field immu niy test

IEC 610 0-4-9, Electromagnetc com patb il y (EMC) – Part 4-9: Testn a d me asu reme t

tech iqu es – Pulse m ag etc field immu niy test

IEC 610 0-6-2:2 0 , Ele ctromagnetc comp atb il y (EMC) – Part 6-2: G en ric sta dards –

Immu niy for industrial e nviro me nts

IEC 618 0-7-2, Commu nicato n tworks a d systems for p ower u ti ty au tomato – Part 7-2:

Basic informato a d communicato structure – Ab stract commu nicato se rvice inte rface

(ACSI

IEC 6 2 5-2 :2 13, Me surin rela s a d p rotecto e u ip me t – Part 27: Product safety

re uirem ents

IEC 610 0-4-13, Electromagnetc comp tb il y (EMC) – Part 4-13: Te stn a d me su reme nt

tech iqu e s – Harmo ic a d inte rh rmo ic inclu din mains signal n at a.c p werp rt, low

fre uency immu niy te sts

IEC 610 0-4-2 , Ele ctromagnetc comp atb il y (EMC) – Part 4-29: Testn a d me su reme t

te ch iques –Vola e dip s, sh rt inte rrupto s a d v lage v riato s o d.c inp u t p ower p rt

immu niy tests

3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations a d symbols

For the purp ses of this doc ment, the fol owin terms an definition a ply

3.1 Ge eral terms a d d finitions

3.1.1

fa lt pa s ge indic tor

FPI

device a le to detect faults providin in ication a out their local zation (upstre m or

down tre m from the F I’s location) an /or a out the direction of fault c r ent (u ual y

refer ed as the direction of lo d c r ent, i.e from the HV/MV tran former toward end of MV

fe ders in a radial o erated network)

Note 1 to e try: Difere t n mes are use to in ic te F Is d p n in o th re io of th world a d o th ir

fu ctio alties c n ernin c p bi ty to d te t difere t kin sof fa lts:

In thissta d rd, th F I d finitio in lu es al th a o e lste termswith th ir rele a t p rforma c s

Note 2 to e try: Thisn te a ples toth Fre c la g a e o ly

3.1.2

a c ra y cla s

<F I or DSU> category of me s rin in truments, al of whic are inten ed to comply with a

set of sp cification regardin u certainty

Note 1 to e try: Th a c ra y clas of a F I or DSU is d fin d as th o eral system a c ra y, i e with

p rt of a p wer s stem, con entrated in a given place, in lu in mainly the termination of

tran mis ion or distribution lnes switc ge r an hou in an whic may also in lu e

tran formers It general y in lu es faci ties neces ary for s stem sec rity an control (e.g

the protective devices)

Note 1 to e try: Ac ordin to th n ture of th system within whic th su statio is in lu e , a prefix ma q alfy

it Ex mples: tra smis io su statio (of a tra smis io system), distrib tio su statio , 4 0 kV su statio , 2 kV

su statio

Note 2 to e try: In its c mplete c nfig ratio , a me ium v lta e/low v lta e su statio (distrib tio su statio )

ma in lu e:

• prote tio rela s b th for MV a d LV fe d rs;

• a me ium v lta e/low v lta e(MV/LV) tra sformer with it’s own sp cific prote tio s;

• F Is, with th ir relativ c re ta d/or v lta e se sors;

• c mmu ic tio a p ratus, su h as mo ems, ro ters, oth rs, for remote o eratio of Switc es a d/or Circ it

3.1.4

distribution s bstation unit

DSU

device (or a combination of devices an /or fu ction ) a le to p rform, in ad ition to sp cific

FPI fu ctional ties, ad itional fe tures, not strictly related to fault detection ( or in tan e

remote commu ication/comman s, switc control or bre k r control, network automation,

distributed energ resources monitorin an control, etc)

Note 1 to e try: A DSU ma c nsist of a sin le p ysic l d vic in lu in th fu ctio s of more F Is or of a

ele tro ic u it c n e te to o e or more p ysic l F Is su plyin sig als

3.1.5

intel ig nt ele tronic de ic

IED

an device in orp ratin one or more proces ors with the ca a i ty of receivin or sen in

data/control from or to an external source ( or example, electronic multifu ction meters, digital

relay , control ers)

Note 1 to e try: Th d finitio of IED also in lu es d vic s lk remote termin l u its, usu ly d n min te as

RTUs

Note 2 to e try: This n te a ples to th Fre c la g a e o ly

[SOURCE: IEC TR 618 0-1:2 13, 3.1.6, modified – Notes 1 an 2 to entry have b en ad ed

3.1.6

conditioning, proc s ing a d in ic ting u it

CPIU

p rt of the FPI/DSU in c arge of tran formin voltage an /or sen or sig als into in ication

con ernin faults, without or with digital tre tment of sen or sig als

Note 1 to e try: This n te a ples to th Fre c la g a e o ly

3.1.7

s nsor

fu ctional u it that sen es the efect of a me s red varia le (q antity) at its input an places

a cor esp n in me s rement sig al at its output

Note 1 to e try: With refere c to this sta d rd, se sors ma b b th c re t a d v lta e se sors, a c rdin to

rele a t e istin sta d rds (e.g feroma n tic se sors, c r e t a d/or v lta e tra sformers a c rdin to, for

insta c , IEC 618 9-2, IEC 618 9-3, IEC 618 9-4 or ele tro ic c re t a d/or v lta e se sors, a c rdin to

IEC 6 0 4-7 a d/or IEC 6 0 4-8, etc.), as wel as oth r d vic s, n t y t d scrib d in e istin sta d rds, a ywa

a le to me sure v lta e a d/or c re t a d su ply th se me sureme ts to th F Is ele tro ics for sig al

c n itio in a d in ic tio a o t th p s a e of a fa lt In b th c ses th o eral a c ra y, se sitivity a d

rela i ty of th F I sh l b d clare , as for th result of tests o th wh le u it (F I or DSU with th ir se sors,

teste in ut to o tp t Th a o tio of oth r p ysic l prin iples, su h as me h nic l in ic tio (rotor) or fluid with

c lo r c a g prin iple for fa lt d te tio , also e ists

Note 2 to e try: Se sors ma b eith r se arate c re t se sors a d v lta e se sors or inte rate v lta e a d

c re t se sors Ad itio aly, th y ma b sta d alo e d vic s a d/or se sors in lu e in c ble termin tio s,

c ble joints, switc b ardsp st insulators, etc.)

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-3 1:2 13, 3 1-5 -2 , modified – The term “sen in element” has b en

re laced here by “sen or In the definition, "me s ran " has b en re laced by "me s red

varia le (q antity)" The existin examples an note have b en deleted an Note 1 an Note

2 to entry have b en ad ed

3.1.8

c ble type c r e t s nsor

c r ent sen or without primary con u tor an primary in ulation of its own, whic can b

mou ted over an in ulated ca le

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-3 1:19 6, 3 1-0 -0 , modified – In the term an definition,

3.1.9

re idual c r e t s nsor

sin le, or group of thre , c r ent sen or(s) so con ected as to tran form only the resid al

c r ent

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-3 1:19 6, 3 1-0 -21, modified – In the term an definition,

"tran former has b en re laced with "sen or

3.1.10

distribute e ergy re ourc s

DER

p wer generation plants general y con ected to medium voltage (general y in the ran e

10 MW maximum down to 0,1 MW) an low voltage (general y b low 0,1 MW) distribution

electric p wer s stem that uti zes information ex han e an control tec nologies, distributed

computin an as ociated sen ors an actuators, for purp ses s c as:

– to integrate the b haviour an action of the network u ers an other sta eholders,

– to ef iciently del ver s staina le, economic an sec re electricity s p l es

Note 1 to e try: At th mome t, th c n e t of smart grids is n t e a tly d fin d; th refore, in this sta d rd we

lmit this to distrib tio grids with “prese c of larg amo nt of DER”

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-617:2 0 , 617-0 -13, modified – Note 1 to entry has b en ad ed

3.1.12

upstre m fa lt

fault located b twe n the hig voltage/medium voltage (HV/MV) tran former an the F I’s

location or on dif erent MV fe ders s p l ed from the same HV/MV tran former in a radial

o erated network

Note 1 to e try: Th fa lt dire tio is d sig ate b eith r d wnstre m or u stre m In distrib tio n tworks, e e

th u h n w wid ly use to c n e t DER, th prese t d finitio is to b inte d d as th H /MV tra sformer b in

“u stre m” of th distrib tio n twork/e d r

3.1.13

downstre m fa lt

fault located in the o p site direction of the HV/MV tran former with resp ct to the FPI’s

location in a radial o erated network

Note 1 to e try: Th fa lt dire tio is d sig ate b eith r d wnstre m or u stre m In distrib tio n tworks, e e

th u h n w wid ly use to c n e t DER, th prese t d finitio is to b inte d d as th H /MV tra sformer b in

“u stre m” of th distrib tio n twork/e d r

3.1.14

e rth fa lt

ground fa lt (US)

oc ur en e of an ac idental con u tive p th b twe n a l ve con u tor an the Earth

Note 1 to e try: Th c n u tiv p th c n p s thro g a fa lty insulatio , thro g stru tures (e.g p les,

sc foldin s, cra es, la d rs), or thro g v g tatio (e.g tre s, b sh s) a d c n h v a sig ific nt imp d n e

Note 2 to e try: Fa lt c re ts are d p n e t o th MV n utral status a d o th fa lt resista c

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-19 :19 8, 19 -0 -14, modified – Note 2 to entry has b en ad ed

3.1.15

intermit e t fa lt

tran ient fault whic rec rs re e tedly in the same place d e to the same cau e

Note 1 to e try: This kin of fa lt ma b a a pre ia le p rc nta e of e rth fa lts

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-6 4:19 8, 6 4-0 -14, modified – Note 1 to entry has b en ad ed

3.1.16

multiple fa lts

cros -cou try fa lt

in ulation faults to e rth, oc ur in simultane u ly at more than two dif erent location in one

or several circ its originatin from a common source

Note 1 to e try: It is a d u le sin le p ase to e rth fa lt, in olvin two difere t p ases of two difere t fe d rs

Fa lt c re ts are n arly in e e d nt from MV n utral status, a d are lmite mainly b th fa lt resista c s a d

Note 1 to e try: Th se fa lts usu ly h v hig fa lt c re ts n arly in e e d nt from MV n utral status

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-6 4:19 7, 6 4-0 -2 , modified – In the definition, “an in ulation fault at

one p int of a circ it,” has be n re laced by “ ault” Note 1 to entry has b en ad ed

3.1.18

pha e-to-pha e fa lt

l ne-to-l n fa lt (US)

in ulation fault b twe n two-phase con u tors only, an cle r of e rth

Note 1 to e try: Th se fa lts usu ly h v hig fa lt c re ts n arly in e e d nt from MV n utralstatus

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-6 4:19 7, 6 4-0 -2 , modified – Note 1 to entry has b en ad ed

3.1.19

ov rc r e t

c r ent ex e din the rated c r ent

Note 1 to e try: In this sta d rd, if n e plcit distin tio is ma e, o erc re t me ns a y c r e t e c e in th

rate o e c nse u nt to a thre -p ase fa lt, a p ase-o-p ase fa lt, a cros -c u try fa lt Earth fa lts, e c pt for

th se in soldly e rth d systems, are n t in lu e in th term o erc re t Cure ts e c e in th rate o e, b t

tran former the output varia le of whic is eq al to the input varia le d rin trouble- re

o eration an whic l mits certain varia le q antities to p rmis ible values in the event of a

malfu ction

Note 1 to e try: This e try was n mb re 3 1-3 -4 in IEC 6 0 0-3 1:2 0

Note 2 to e try: Thisd vic is also k own as insulatio tra sformer

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-3 1:2 13, 3 1-5 -31, modified – Note 2 to entry has b en ad ed

3.1.2

ele trostatic dis h rge

ESD

tran fer of electric c arge b twe n b dies of diferent electric p tential in proximity or throu h

direct contact

Note 1 to e try: Literature a d te c in g n raly refer to tra sfers of c arg , alth u h strictly sp a in c arg

c riers (IEC 6 0 0-1 3:2 1 , 1 3-0 -2 ) are tra sfere Cure t se sor(s) ma d te t fa lt c r e t p s a es

with ut a y n e of g lv nic c n e tio to th p ase(s) ( or insta c in c se of c ble ty e c re t se sors or of

isolate n utral s stem

s stem where the neutral p int is not intentional y con ected to e rth, ex e t for hig

imp dan e con ection for protection or me s rement purp ses

Note 1 to e try: In g n ral it is a system in whic tra sformer n utrals are n t c n e te to e rth, e c pt for

hig -imp d n e c n e tio s for sig al n , me surin , or prote tio p rp ses In this ty e of system, a e rth fa lt

pro u es a c re t d p n in o th p ase to e rth c p cita c of th fa lt re p ases Cure ts are smal o

totaly o erh a n tworks Howe er, c re ts c n b hig in c seof n tworks with larg c ble e te sio s

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-6 1:19 5, 6 1-0 -2 , modified – Note 1 to entry has b en ad ed

3.2.3

re ona t e rthe (ne tral) sy tem

arc-s ppre sion-coi -e rth (ne tral) s stem

s stem in whic one or more neutral p ints are con ected to e rth throu h re ctan es whic

a proximately comp n ate the ca acitive comp nent of a sin le-phase to-e rth fault c r ent

Note 1 to e try: Th c mbin d in u ta c of al arc su pres io c is is usu ly tu e to th e rth c p cita c of

th system for th o eratin fre u n y or at a v lu slg tly difere t In c se of fa lts o th MV n twork (with

v riatio of c p citiv c re t it is p s ible to h v a mismatc , whic c n b temp rary (some se o ds) in c se

of a tomatic u a le c is, lo g r in c se of ma u ly a justa le c is It is p s ible to h v a hig -v lu resistor in

p ralel to th c i temp rariy or p rma e tly c n e te to alow fa lt d te tio a d/or fa lt cle rin (in a ditio it

c n also d mp th reso a t system) Th ma nitu e of th fa lt c re t wo ld h v n ar zero v lu wh n a e rth

c resp n in to th a tiv c r e t th u h th e rthin resistor, if this solutio is a o te

Wh n arc fa lts are n t self e tin uishin , two difere t o eratio meth ds are use :

1) a tomatic fa lt cle rin thro g disc n e tio of th e tire fa lty fe d r (rip in of MV fe d r prote tio

d vic s) or o ly of th fa lte se tio (b me ns of prote tio d vic s or F Is) with pro er timin a c rdin to

rele a t sta d rds;

2) c ntin o s o eratio d rin fa lt lo alzatio pro es (ma u l b me ns of prote tio d vic s, a d/or F Is)

In ord r tofa i tatefa lt lo alzatio a d o eratio th re are v rio s su p rtin pro e ures:

– sh rt erm e rthin of n utral p int for d te tio ;

– sh rt erm e rthin of n utral p int for trip in ;

– p rma e t e rthin of n utralp int for trip in a d/or d te tio ;

– o eratio me sures, su h as disc n e tio of c u le b sb rs or fe d r disc n e tio ;

– p ase e rthin

Perma e t a d sh rt erm e rthin s are usu ly re lze thro g a pro er e rthin resistor, as urin a pro er

v lu c re t in th fa lt a d alo g th fa lt c re t p th, a le to b d te te from prote tio s a d/or F Is

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-6 1:19 5, 6 1-0 -2 , modified – Note 1 to entry has b en ad ed

3.2.4

sol dly e rth d ne tral s stem

s stem whose neutral p int s) is (are) e rthed directly

Note 1 to e try: Th n utral c n u tor c n b distrib te or n t distrib te

Note 2 to e try: Th ma nitu e of th fa lt c re t wo ld h v hig v lu (hig o erc re ts) wh n a e rth fa lt

o c rs at a y lo atio of th same su statio b sb rs n twork

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-6 1:19 5, 6 1-0 -2 , modified – Notes 1 an 2 to entry have b en

ad ed

3.2.5

impe a c e rth d ne tral s stem

s stem whose neutral p int s) is (are) e rthed throu h imp dan es to lmit e rth fault c r ents

Note 1 to e try: This c te ory also in lu es “systems with e rthin resistor, ie systems in whic th tra sformer

n utral p int is inte tio aly c n e te to th Earth thro g a resistor In this ty e of system, th resistor v lu

d termin s th ma imum n utral c re t v lu , whic , v ctor summe to th c p citiv c re t of th n twork,

d termin s th ma imum v lu of th e rth fa lt c re t (g n raly se eral h n re amp res)

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-6 1:19 8, 6 1-0 -2 , modified – Note 1 to entry has b en ad ed

3.3 Terms a d definitions relate to diele tric rating

3.3.1

rate primary volta e

U

pr

<voltage sen or> r.m.s value of the primary voltage whic a p ars in the desig ation of a

voltage sen or an on whic its p rforman e is b sed

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-3 1:19 6, 3 1-01-12, modified – In the definition, “ ran former has

b en re laced by “voltage sen or ; " m.s." has b en ad ed

3.3.2

rate volta e fa tor

multiplyin factor to b a pl ed to the rated primary voltage to determine the maximum voltage

at whic a voltage sen or mu t comply with the relevant thermal req irements for a sp cified

time an with the relevant ac urac req irements

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-3 1:19 6, 3 1-0 -12, modified – In the definition, “ ran former has

b en re laced by “voltage sen or

3.3.3

high st volta e of a s stem

U

sys

hig est value of the o eratin phase- o-phase voltage (r.m.s value) whic oc urs u der

normal o erating con ition at an time an at an p int in the s stem

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-6 1:19 5, 6 1-01-2 , modified – The Note has b en deleted an

“phase- o-phase” an “ r.m.s value)” have b en ad ed

3.3.4

high st volta e for e uipme t

U

m

hig est r.m.s value of phase- o-phase voltage for whic the eq ipment is desig ed in resp ct

of its in ulation as wel as other c aracteristic whic relate to this voltage in the relevant

eq ipment stan ard

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-6 4:19 7, 6 4-0 -01]

3.3.5

primary volta e terminals

terminals by me n of whic the primary voltage is s p l ed to the voltage sen or(s)

Note 1 to e try: In a F I/DSU usin v lta e sig als, wh te er is th p rp se, th se termin ls are alwa s

test voltages, u der sp cified con ition , that the in ulation is desig ed to with tan

Note 1 to e try: Th se test v lta es c n b for insta c :

– rate lg tnin imp lse a d sh rt d ratio p wer fre u n y withsta d v lta es

– rate lg tnin a d switc in imp lse withsta d v lta es (p ase to e rth)

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-4 1:19 7, 4 1-0 -0 ]

3.3.7

s cond ry volta e termin ls

output terminals of the primary voltage sen ors

Note 1 to e try: In a F I/DSU usin v lta e sig als, wh te er is th p rp se, th se termin ls ma b

a c s ible, emb d e , or e e virtu l

3.3.8

s cond ry cur e t terminals

output terminals of the primary c r ent sen ors

Note 1 to e try: In a F I/DSU, wh te er is th p rp se, th se termin ls ma b a c s ible, emb d e , or e e

virtu l

3.4 Terms a d definitions relate to c r e t rating

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-3 1:19 6, 3 1-01-1 , modified – In the definition, "a c r ent

tran former has b en re laced with "an FPI"

3.4.2

rate s ort time th rmal c r e t

I

th

maximum value of the primary c r ent whic an F I wi with tan for a sp cified s ort time

without s ferin harmful ef ects

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-3 1:19 6, 3 1-0 -2 , modified, In the definition, “ ran former has

b en re laced with “FPI”; “, the secon ary win in b in s ort circ ited” has b en deleted

3.4.3

rate dy amic c r e t

I

y

maximum p a value of the primary c r ent whic an FPI wi with tan without b in

damaged electrical y or mec anical y by the res ltin electromag etic forces

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-3 1:19 6, 3 1-0 -2 , modified, In the definition, “ ran former has

b en re laced with “FPI”; “, the secon ary win in b in s ort circ ited” has b en deleted

3.5 Terms a d definitions relate to other ratin s

3.5.1

f

R

freq en y at whic the voltage/c r ent sen ors are desig ed to o erate

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-4 1:19 0, 4 1-0 -0 , modified – In the definition, “ ran former or

re ctor has b en re laced with “voltage/c r ent sen ors”

au i ary p wer s p ly voltage value on whic the req irements of a sp cification are b sed

3.6 Abbre iations a d s mbols

For the purp ses of this doc ment, the fol owin a breviation an s mb ls a ply

Ab re iatio or

s mb l

Phra e

CPIU c n itio in , pro es in a d in ic tin u it

FDIR fa lt d te tio isolatio a d restoratio

FLISR fa lt lo atio isolatio a dservic restoratio

4 Choice of FPI requirements according to network and fault type

The des ription of in ication for a pro er c oice of FPI/DSU an its req irements con ernin

fault detection is present in IEC 6 6 9-2

5 Overview of appl cations

5.1 Ge eral de cription

The typical FPI config ration is s own in Fig re 2 ( he device is strictly foc sed on fault

detection, with p s ibi ty of a few ad itional fu ction ), whi e a DSU in a wide exten ed

config ration is des rib d in Fig re 3 ( he device in lu es also the p s ibi ty of monitorin

more than a sin le fe der an /or man ad itional fe tures, even not strictly related to sp cific

FPI fu ctional ties)

Ke

A: Cure t se sors: th y sh l b alwa s c nsid re as p rt of th F I from a fu ctio al p int of view Th y ma

b c mpla t to sp cific sta d rds (or insta c IEC 618 9-2, IEC 6 0 4-8, etc) or n t c mpla t to a y

sp cific sta d rds (e.g in o ativ se sors or te h olo y) On or thre p ases ma b mo itore

Cure t se sor(s) ma d te t fa lt c re t p s a es with ut a y n e of g lv nic c n e tio to th p ase(s)

( or insta c in c se of c ble ty e c re t se sors or of ma n tic field se sor)

B: L c l in ic tio (lamps, LED, fla s, o tp t rela s, etc)

A

B

IEC

1: fe d r 1

2: fe d rs 2, 3, , n

A: Cure t se sors (a d v lta e se sors, o tio al d p n in o fa lt d te tio prin iples a d o a ditio al

fu ctio s) 1 or 3 p ases ma b mo itore , as wel as more th n o e fe d r Se sors, whic sh l b alwa s

c nsid re as p rt of th DSU from a fu ctio al p int of view, ma b c mpla t to sp cific sta d rds ( or

insta c IEC 618 9-2, IEC 618 9-3, IEC 618 9-4, IEC 6 0 4-7, IEC 6 0 4-8, etc) or n t c mpla t to a y

sp cific sta d rds (e.g in o ativ se sors or te h olo y)

B: Tra smis io of sig als b twe n se sors a d ele tro ics Up to ma ufa turer

C: L c l in ic tio (lamps, LED, fla s, o tp t rela s, etc) Th se in ic tio s are ma d tory for sta d alo e

a plc tio s (F Is n n inserte in a n twork c ntrol system), o tio al in c se of F Is inserte in a n twork

a tomatio system a d/or for smart grid a plc tio

D: Remote in ic tio c mmu ic tio s a d/or c mma ds (bi-dire tio al c mmu ic tio , dire tly or thro g oth r

a p ratus), o tio al for sta d rd a plc tio s, ma d tory for n twork a tomatio system a d/or for smart grid

a plc tio Th se sig als/c mma ds ma b tra smite /re eiv d b th thro g a alo u , digital a d/or

c mmu ic tio in uts/o tp ts for remote c mmu ic tio /c mma ds (h rd wire a d/or wireles )

E: Pos ible c n e tio s to field a p ratus (h rd wire )

F: CPIU

G: Power su ply:

• selfsu ply from th c re t sig al;

• p wer su ply from a n n re h rg a le b tery;

• p wer su ply from a.c mains (a suita le b c u is re omme d d)

• p wer su ply from a d.c.su ply

Re omme d su ply from suita le e erg statio (re h rg a le b tery or p wer d.c su ply) in c se of

n twork a tomatio /smart grid a plc tio s

I: (Eth rn t Interfa e (c p er or o tic l fibre) to ro ter for c mmu ic tio thro g IEC 618 0 proto ol to

SC D or oth r F I (IEDs)o tsid th distrib tio statio ; p ysic l interfa e

L: (Eth rn t Interfa e (c p er or o tic l fibre) to ro ter for c mmu ic tio thro g IEC 618 0 proto ol to

a p ratus insid prosumer’s pla t (in erters, g n rators c ntrol systems, etc.) p ysic l interfa e

M: (Eth rn t Interfa e (c p er or o tic l fibre) to ro ter for c mmu ic tio thro g IEC 618 0 proto ol to oth r

F I (IEDs) in th same distrib tio statio ; p ysic l interfa e

I L a d M ma also b difere t d ta flows usin a sin le p ysic l interfa e

Cure t se sor(s) ma d te t fa lt c re t p s a es with ut a y n e of g lv nic c n e tio to th p ase(s) ( or

insta c in c se of c ble ty e c r e t se sors or of ma n tic field se sor)

If IEC 618 0 c mmu ic tio is prese t, D c uld b remo e , u les c mp tibi ty with old r solutio s is n c s ary

Figure 3 – Pos ible d tai e arc ite ture of a DSU in a wid e te de configuration

I

L M

Other p s ible examples of FPI/DSU arc itectures are given in Fig re B.1, Fig re B.3 an

Fig re B.5

5.2 Appl c tion with re ard to instal ation type

5.2.1 Ov rh a l ne appl c tions

These F Is/DSUs are for outdo r in tal ation They provide information con ernin the fault

p s age (local an /or remote, throu h lg ts, flag , contacts, etc.) to al ow e sier fault

location by o erators (in field or in the network control ro m) For network automation, they

s al b a le to del ver s ita le sig als (digital an /or analog e) an comman s to

a pro riate devices ( rom a simple relay or combination of relay up to IEDs, de en in on

the fault detection if p rformed from an FPI or from a DSU), o eratin in s c a way that

switc dis on ectors an /or circ it bre k rs are a le to al ow automatic fault cle rin an

s p ly restoration

5.2.1.2 Cl p on l ne de ic s

These devices can b in tal ed directly on sin le fe ders (phase con u tor) Fe der outage

may b req ired for the in tal ation, de en in on how the F I is re l zed If so, this s al b

in icated

5.2.1.3 Pole mou te de ic s

These devices s al b in tal ed on fe der p les, with no direct contact with l ve wires

Us aly, no fe der outage is req ired

5.2.1.4 Portable d vic s

These devices can b u ed by p rson el to in icate the p s age of a fault c r ent d rin

man al fault location proced res No in talation, so no fe der outage, is req ired

5.2.2 Underground c ble appl c tion

These devices are for indo r in tal ation They can b in taled directly on the ca le or the

switc b ard They can simply provide information con ernin the fault p s age (local an /or

remote, throu h l g ts, flag , contacts, etc.) to alow an e sier fault location for o erators (in

field or in the network control ro m) or for network automation They s al s p ly s ita le

sig als an comman s to a pro riate devices ( rom a simple relay or combination of relay

up to IEDs, de en in on the fault detection if p rformed from an FPI or from a DSU),

o eratin in s c a way that switc dis on ectors an /or circ it bre k rs are a le to al ow

automatic fault cle rin an s p ly restoration

5.3 Appl c tion with re ard to fa lt dete tion c pabi ity

For overc r ent detection, fault in ication may b re l zed with non-directional or directional

fault detection Thre -phase a plcation do s not neces ari y req ire voltage an /or c r ent

sen ors for e c phase Two c r ent sen ors are enou h for non-directional overc r ent

detection; in ad ition, two c r ent sen ors an two voltage sen ors are enou h to detect also

directional overc r ent, but the monitorin of the thre phases is sti recommen ed

5.3.3 Residual c r e t ap l c tion

The resid al c r ent me s rement is mostly as ociated with resid al voltage me s rement for

the detection of e rth faults, u ual y with directional in ication; this method is u ualy ne ded

in s stems with isolated neutral an resonant e rthed, may b ado ted in imp dan e e rthed

neutral s stem (s stems with e rthin resistor), de en in on the value of the imp dan e

(resistor)

NOT Difere t alg rithms ma b use to g t th lo atio of th fa lt d te tin fa lt c re t dire tio (dire tio al

v rmetric d te tio prin iple, dire tio al tra sie t a alysis of first mi ise o d afer th fa lt, oth r solutio s) It is

also p s ible to mo ify th fa lt c re t d rin fa lts o eratin o th ele tric system, in su h a wa as to fa i tate

d te tio b th F I/DSU e e with ut dire tio al fa lt d te tio alg rithms

5.3.4 Thre -pha e a d re idual c r e t ap l c tion

For overc r ent an e rth fault detection, fault in ication may b re l zed with non-directional

an /or directional fault detection Directional e rth fault detection is u ual y neces ary in

s stems with resonant e rthin

6 Appl cation with regard to network configuration and operation

IEC 6 6 9-2 de ls with s stem asp cts an gives in ication for the pro er c oice an /or

uti zation of F Is on dif erent networks

7 FPI’s/DSU’s main eleme ts

Only c r ent sen ors are req ired for fault p s age detection in non-directional FPIs Cur ent

sen or(s) may detect fault c r ent p s ages without an ne d of galvanic con ection to the

phase(s) ( or in tan e in case of ca le typ c r ent sen ors or of mag etic field sen or)

Cur ent an voltage sen ors are general y req ired (not man atory) for fault p s age

detection in directional F Is/DSUs

Voltage sen ors can b u ed for fault c r ent direction detection (in case of overc r ents,

o tained with the comp rison b twe n phase c r ent an phase voltage; in case of phase to

e rth faults, o tained with the comp rison b twe n resid al c r ent an resid al voltage)

Voltage sen ors can also b u ed for fault val dation This me n that FPIs/DSUs detect a

“p tential” fault down tre m whose presen e is confirmed from voltage a sen e within a

s ita le time win ow afer the detection, cau ed by an upstre m protection relay trip in For

this a plcation it is not neces ary to derive resid al voltage from voltage sen ors This

voltage a sen e detection has nothin to do with an safety is ue

Voltage sen ors can b u ed to distin uis self extin uis faults from faults cle red throu h a

circ it bre k r reclosin o eration (cau in a tran ient, s ort or lon inter uption) For this

a pl cation it is not neces ary to derive resid al voltage from voltage sen ors

Final y, b th voltage an c r ent sen ors are also ne ded (or may b ne ded) for FPI/DSU

ad itional au i ary fu ction , i.e active/re ctive p wer me s rements, p wer q al ty

evaluation, voltage presen e/a sen e

7.2.2 Ac ura y for c r e t (a d volta e) s nsors

Ac uracies con ernin fault detection an /or p s ible ad itional o tional fu ction , s c as

c r ent an voltage me s rements, p wer flows, etc are defined on the entire FPI/DSU

(input to output, in lu in sen ors, b th c r ent an voltage, if present

Therefore, to o tain the req ired overal ac urac , FPI/DSU may u e electronic for

con itionin of c r ent an /or voltage sen or sig als ( or in tan e for comp n ation of mod le

an phase er or for e c sen or, in one or more workin p ints, de en in on whether they

are l ne r or not , either fu ctional y integrated in the sen ors or fu ctional y an ph sicaly

se arated from the sen ors (in the CPIU)

7.3 Tra smis ion of signals betwe n s nsors a d CPIU

Req irements are de en ent up n the tec nical solution ado ted

7.4 Conditioning, proc s in a d indic ting unit (CPIU)

The CPIU provides sig al proces in from sen ors, derives the location of the fault

(down tre m or upstre m of the FPIs in talation p int , an provides in ication (local an /or

remote)

As the ac uracies con ernin fault detection an other p s ible ad itional o tional fu ction

are defined on the entire FPI/DSU, the CPIU may prove con itionin of c r ent an /or voltage

output sig als ( or example, throu h in ivid al sen or output cor ection in mod le an phase

in s c a way as to o tain complete simiar sen ors, with no comp site er or in case of

calc lation of resid al c r ent an /or voltage) to ac ieve the req ired overal s stem ac urac

clas of the whole FPI/DSU Afer sig al con itionin , the overal ac urac may b mu h

hig er than the ac urac o taina le without an con itionin ( otal comp site er ors

calc lated as the vector s m, in mod le an phase, b th of voltage an c r ent sen ors an

electronic , in the whole c r ent an voltage a pl cation field)

More FPI fu ctional ties (s p rvision of more than a sin le set of c r entvoltage sen ors), as

wel as other ad itional fu ction not strictly related to fault detection, may b p rformed from

a sin le CPIU, therefore res ltin in a more complex device (DSU, Fig re 3, with al or only

some of the in icated fe tures), for in tan e

The same res lt may also b o tained u in more FPIs in combination with other IEDs ( or

in tan e, remote terminal u its)

7.5 Huma –Ma hine Interfa e (HMI)

FPIs for local in ication of fault detection may have an HMI b sed only on a lamp or a flag

If present, HMI for FPIs/DSUs may have diferent complexity level, ran in from the

config ration for al inputs an outputs b th local y an /or remotely to the p s ibi ty to al ow

tran mis ion of o en/close comman s of dis on ectors/CB from the control centre, if not

p rformed from other IEDs ( or in tan e RTUs) as ociated with the FPI/DSU)

An a pro riate sec rity ac es p l c s al b defined an implemented.

7.5.2 Loc l displa

If present, the local HMI s al b front mou ted an b sed on a u er- rien ly, men -stru tured

program It s al b implemented by a p rmanently in tal ed HMI u it, typ - ested together

with the F I

On the FPI local display es ential fu ction /sig als s al b presented, whie on the remote

display al fu ction /sig als s al b avaia le

A simple local display u in LEDs or flag may b ado ted In this case a simpl fied HMI may

b re l zed, with simple DIP switc es

7.5.3 Remote displa

If present, the remote HMI s al b a le to al ow al the F I fu ction an to s ow al the

sig als (input an output on a u er- rien ly, men -stru tured program A TCP/IP protocol

s ould b u ed

8 FPI/DSU cla sification and usa e clas es (data model and profi e definition,

testing)

FPIs/DSUs may have diferent levels of integration in the electric grid an /or in its SCADA

s stem They may also b a le to give diferent sets of information, local y or remotely,

related to fault detection

DSUs, furthermore, may b in c arge of p rformin other fu ction , b sides or

complementary or ad itional to pure fault detection fu ction

To simpl fy the data model an relative profi e definition, as wel as testin , FPIs/DSUs s al

b clas ified into dif erent clas es, e c one related to integration level in the electric grid,

i.e information whic can b s p l ed ( ault detection ca a i ty an algorithms), ca a i ty to

s ow the information only local y (FPIs) or to tran mit it remotely to SCADA (F Is/DSUs) or

also to other DSUs (commu ication ca a i ty), ca a i ty to p rform other ad itional fu ction

b sides pure fault detection (DSUs), whic is also influen ed by the fe tures of au i ary

s p ly

With the sole ex e tion of au i ary s p ly, other F I/DSU fe tures imply that an FPI/DSU

s al b defined throu h its data model an profi e

General y sp a in , FPIs/DSUs of dif erent config ration an p rforman e may b present on

the same network, with diferent purp ses This is d e to the network o erators' c oices

(economical asp cts, o eration rules, etc.) an to the relatively lon l fe c cle of electric

s stem comp nents whic res lts in the co xisten e of devices u in dif erent tec nologies

The clas ification b low, therefore, is a clas ification of the FPIs/DSUs ac ordin to their

p rforman es, not a man atory rule for in tal ation on the network

Fig re 4 s ows an example of p s ible co xisten e of diferent p rforman e level FPIs/DSUs

on the same MV fe der

CB: circ it bre k r at th b gin in of MV fe d r

A1, A2, A3, A4: DSUs fuly inte rate in n twork o eratio system (SC D )

S1, S2, S4, S6: motor o erate switc es inserte in MV n twork a tomatio system o eratin

a to omo sly o th b sis of DSU o tp ts (a lt in ic tio s, a ditio al fu ctio s, etc.)

T1, T2: distrib tio tra sformers givin also a.c su ply to S1, S2, S4, S5, A1, A2, A3 a d B3

B1, B2, B3: F Is for remote in ic tio of fa lt d te tio (with a.c su ply or b tery su ply or

c mbin tio s)

S3, S5: motor o erate switc es remotely c ntrole from SCA A o erators o th b sis of

F Is/in ic tio s

S7, S8: ma u l or motor o erate switc es, n t e uip e with F Is/DSUs

S9: motor o erate switc es remotely c ntrole from SCA A o erators for re erse su ply or

o eratio c nfig ratio c a g s (n t F I/DSU e uip e )

Ta1, Ta , Ta , Ta : me ium v lta e/low v lta e tra sformers for a.c su ply of S3, S6, S7, B2, A4, B1,B2

C1, C2, C3,C4: F Is for lo alin ic tio of fa lt d te tio , fix d instalatio , b tery su ply

D1: F Is for lo alin ic tio of fa lt d te tio , p rta le v rsio , b tery su ply

E: IED (or insta c , remote termin l u it plus mo em

Figure 4 – Ex mple of pos ible coe iste c of dif ere t

performa c le el FPIs/DSUs on the s me MV fe der

8.2 Inte ration of FPIs in the ele tric l grid

8.2.1 FPI for loc l indic tion of fa lt d te tion

It is u ed to detect fault c r ent p s age It gives only local in ication to p rson el in field It

may b in tal ed on l ve wires, on p les or p rta le It can ot b integrated in a central zed

IEC

8.2.2 FPIs for remote in ic tion of fa lt dete tion

When an F I o erates, information regardin fault p s age can b displayed localy, via

lamps, LEDs, flag , contacts, etc an also remotely tran mited Remote tran mis ion of

information, not directly managed from the FPI can b ac ompl s ed via wires, o tical fibre,

GSM/GPRS, wireles an other media u in a pro riate stan ard protocols or other protocols

agre d b twe n man facturer an u er Bi-directional commu ication can b present ( or

in tan e, to c an e the detection direction)

Also con ection to p s ible field a p ratu (o tional), l k modems, remote terminal u its,

etc can b present, con entional y wired or with other me n

8.2.3 DSUs ful y inte rate in network operation s stem (SCADA)

Information can b displayed localy, as sp cified in 8.2.1, as wel as remotely tran mited to

the SCADA s stem (an /or to a distribution management s stem)

Remote tran mis ion of information may b directly managed from the DSU an may b either

Cl ent Server (DSU-SCADA), or Cl ent Server (DSU-SCADA) an p er to p er (DSU-DSU)

The same a pl es with regard to information/output of p s ible ad itional fu ction not strictly

related to pure fault detection

Con ection to field a p ratu in the MV s bstation can b present for network o eration

More evolved version may b a le to comply with bi-directional commu ication of information

(TCP/IP T-profi e on s ita le ph sical interface – o tical fibre, wireles , etc – with stan ard

protocols, amon them prefera ly IEC 618 0)

IEC 618 0 is foc sed on s bstation information, information ex han e, an config ration

asp cts mainly for protection, control an monitorin The automation fu ction that prod ce

an con ume ex han ed information are outside the s o e of this stan ard On the other

han , fu ction are the k y for the o eration of a future smart grid that wi b buit on

central zed an distributed automation fu ction

A truly intel gent, self he ln distribution network req ires “plu -an -play” self

reconfig ration, “self awarenes ” in variou forms, an col a oration b twe n s bs stems to

ac ieve o timum p rforman e an natural s al n with minimum risk

The IEC 618 0 series provides a sol d b se for commu ication asp cts of a new generation of

p wer s stem relayin an control IED

The ado tion of IEC 618 0 is recommen ed for commu ication amon DSUs (IEDs) and

SCADA, an amon diferent DSUs for intero era i ty (extra-s bstation commu ication)

Commu ication amon p s ible diferent elements or comp nents of FPI/DSU (in

tra-s bstation commu ication) is up to the man facturer's desig an tec nolog ( or in tan e,

Mo b s® Proto ol is a mes a in stru ture d v lo e b Mo ic n This informatio is giv n for th

c n e ie c of users of this d c me t a d d es n t c nstitute a e d rseme t b IEC of th pro u t n me

Eq iv le t pro u ts ma b use if th y c n b sh wn to le d to th same results

8.3.2 Information from FPIs for loc l in ic tion of fa lt dete tion

Only local in ication of a fault c r ent p s age throu h the FPI is s own

Minimum req irements for these F Is are l mited to the fault detection ca a i ties l sted

Usin this information, p rson el in field may fol ow the fault p th

Fault detection may or may not b b sed on confirmation throu h voltage a sen e detection

User-defined logic to detect an intermitent fault may b introd ced, as wel as a cou ter, with

the same u er-defined fe tures, for the evaluation of intermitent faults

Optional fu ctional ties (related information is avai a le only local y) may b :

• re ort on device he lth (FPI internal statu an alarms):

– internal fault,

– lack of au i ary source,

– au i ary controls,

– others;

• monitorin s bstation en ironment (en ironmental me s rements, alarms, etc.);

• p wer flow monitorin (voltage an c r ent me s rements for o eration purp ses)

8.3.3 Information from FPIs for remote indic tion of fa lt dete tion

Sig als/me s rements (p s ible comman s, for in tan e direction in ersion) can b

displayed local y an remotely tran mit ed (also local y stored) Tran mis ion, col ection an

ela oration of information from FPIs s al b agre d up n b twe n u ers an man facturers

Fault detection may or may not b b sed on confirmation throu h voltage a sen e detection

User-defined logic to detect an intermitent fault may b introd ced, as wel as a cou ter, with

the same u er-defined fe tures, for the evaluation of intermitent faults

Optional fu ctional ties (related information is avai a le local y an /or remotely) may b :

• re ort on device he lth (FPI internal statu an alarms):

– internal fault,

– au i ary controls,

– others;

• monitorin s bstation en ironment (en ironmental me s rements, alarms, etc.);

• p wer flow monitorin (voltage an c r ent me s rements for o eration purp ses);

• monitorin of external commu ication

The a stract commu ication service interface (ACSI), whic des rib s the commu ication

b twe n a cl ent an a remote server for:

• re l- ime data ac es an retrieval,

• device control,

• event re ortin an log in ,

• publs er/s bs rib r,

• self des ription of devices,

• data typin an dis overy of data typ s,

• fi e tran fer,

• s bstation- o-s bstation information ex han e,

• information ex han e for distributed generation,

s al comply with IEC 618 0-7-2

8.3.4 Information from DSUs ful y inte rate in network operation s stem (SCADA)

These DSUs s al provide at le st the fol owin information/sig als, to b tran mited an

local y stored: DSUs' digital outputs may b common for simi ar faults, for in tan e for cros

-cou try (multiple) faults an s ort circ its These DSUs may integrate also other IED

fu ction ( or in tan e some typical fu ction o tained throu h remote terminal u its)

Fault detection

Ac ordin to DSU fe tures, at le st the fol owin :

a) overc r ent detection ( or e c diferent thres old present on the DSU);

an /or

b) phase to e rth fault detection ( or e c diferent thres old present on the DSU);

c) cros -cou try (multiple) fault detection ( or e c dif erent thres old present on the

DSU) either non-directional an directional;

d) upstre m (an /or down tre m) voltage presen e/a sen e not strictly related to fault

detection algorithms ( or in tan e, fault confirmation)

Fault detection may or may not b b sed on confirmation throu h voltage a sen e detection

User-defined logic to detect an intermitent fault may b introd ced, as wel as a cou ter, with

the same u er-defined fe tures, for the evaluation of intermitent faults

Optional fu ctional ties (related information is avai a le b th local y an remotely) may b :

• re ort on device he lth (DSU internal statu an alarms):

– internal fault,

– lack of au i ary source,

– au i ary controls,

– others;

• monitorin s bstation en ironment (en ironmental me s rements, alarms, etc.);

• p wer flow monitorin (voltage an c r ent me s rements for o eration purp ses);

• monitorin of external commu ication ;

• automatic voltage var control (VVC);

• DER management;

• emb d ed algorithms for FDIR/FLISR, i.e MV network automation (b sed on local

me s rements an /or sig als from field a p ratu , for in tan e dis on ector/circ it

bre k r p sition control) in lu in also:

– tran fer trip sig al tran mis ion, with the purp se to sen other IEDs information a le

to cau e DER dis on ection;

– logic selectivity sig als ( ran mis ion/rece tion of lockin sig als, c mulative for al

fault detection thres old or se arately for e c fault detection thres old implemented

in the DSU), with the purp se to in ibit the tran mis ion of fault detection sig als to

other IEDs an /or the start of an internal algorithms related to action con eq ent to

fault detection ( or in tan e MV network automation, tran fer trip sig al tran mis ion to

DER, etc.)

The a stract commu ication service interface (ACSI), whic des rib s the commu ication

b twe n a cl ent an a remote server for:

• re l- ime data ac es an retrieval,

• device control,

• event re ortin an log in ,

• publs er/s bs rib r,

• self des ription of devices,

• data typin an dis overy of data typ s,

• fi e tran fer,

• s bstation- o-s bstation information ex han e,

• information ex han e for distributed generation,

s al comply with IEC 618 0-7-2

8.4 FPI/DSU cla sific tion throug performa c /c pabi itie cla s s

As des rib d in 8.1, 8.2 an 8.3, in MV/LV or MV/MV distribution s bstation , the FPI/DSU

may b in c arge of p rformin some of a l st of fu ction , b sides or complementary or

ad itional to pure fault detection fu ction an to manage the commu ication of information

(also of comman s) in diferent way

This imples that an FPI/DSU s al b defined throu h its profi e

To simpl fy the data model an relative profi e definition, as wel as testin , FPIs/DSUs s al

imply relation with data model an profie, whi e the third element,

– p wer s p ly clas ,

is req ired to identify the p wer s p ly, with no con eq en e on data model an profi e

Besides the a ove mentioned clas ification code, an ad itional clas ification code is u ed to

refer to ad itional fu ction (e.g re ortin on device he lth, monitorin of s bstation

en ironment, p wer flow monitorin , FLISR, VVC, DER management, etc de lt with by the

IEC 618 0 series) not strictly related to fault detection an in icated by a n merical code ( 1,

-2, -3, -4) at the en of the clas ification code

Table 1 – FPI/DSU cla sific tion principle through cla s s

to be us d for data model a d profi e d finitions a d te ting

T1: n intra- e tra-su statio

c mmu ic tio dire tly

FPI/DSU ac urac is defined as overal s stem ac urac (3.1.2, 3.1.7, 7.2.2)

NOT Meth ds to me sure this o eral system a c ra y wi b d scrib d in a future Intern tio al Sta d rd

(IEC 6 6 9-4)

In ad ition, with the aim of completely definin the data model an profie, whic wi b

des rib d in a future International Stan ard (IEC 6 6 9-3), an ad itional clas ification level is

ne ded (se 8.4.5) to des rib o tional ad itional fu ctional ties of F Is/DSUs

EX MPLE :

• F2C-T1-P1-1: is a F I a le to d te t o ly p ase to e rth fa lts, with ut dire tio al d te tio fu ctio s, with

n e of fa lt c nfirmatio thro g v lta e a se c d te tio , with ut p s ibi ty of remote c mmu ic tio

(o ly lo al in ic tio s thro g lamps, fla s, etc), selfp were It is a F I for lo al in ic tio of fa lt

d te tio , with n a ditio alo tio al fe ture (b sic le el F I)

• F1N -T2-P3-3: is a F I a le to d te t o ly o erc re ts, with ut dire tio al d te tio fu ctio s, with ut a y

n e of fa lt c nfirmatio thro g v lta e a se c d te tio , with p s ibi ty of c mmu ic tio o ly with

SC D system n t dire tly ma a e from th F I (ma a e thro g oth r IEDs, for insta c a RTU +

mo em, etc), with e tern l p wer su ply with/with ut b c u c p bi ty It is a F I for remote in ic tio of

fa lt d te tio , with most of th p s ible a ditio al o tio al fe tures, su h as F I intern l status a d alarms,

distrib tio su statio mo itorin (e.g me sureme ts, alarms, etc.) a d v lta e a d c re t me sureme ts for

o erc re ts, plus dire tio al d te tio of p ase to e rth fa lts, with n e of fa lt c nfirmatio thro g v lta e

a se c d te tio , with lo al in ic tio s thro g lamps, fla s, etc a d with p s ibi ty of remote

c mmu ic tio o ly with SC D (e tra-su statio c mmu ic tio ) dire tly ma a e from a F I (or e ample,

thro g mo ems dire tly c ntrole from th DSU itself , with e tern l p wer su ply with/with ut b c u

c p bi ty It is a DSU fuly inte rate in n twork o eratio system (SC DA), with some a ditio al o tio al

fe tures, su h as DSU intern l status a d alarms, distrib tio su statio mo itorin (e.g me sureme ts,

alarms, etc.), v lta e a d c re t me sureme ts for o eratio p rp ses, emb d e alg rithms for MV

n twork a tomatio (b se o lo al me sureme ts a d/or sig als from field a p ratus, for insta c

disc n e tor/circ it bre k r p sitio c ntrol (b sic le el DSU)

• F6N -T4-P3-4: is a DSU a le to p rform dire tio al d te tio b th of p ase to e rth fa lts a d o erc r e ts,

with ut a y n e of fa lt c nfirmatio thro g v lta e a se c d te tio , with p s ible lo al in ic tio s

thro g lamps, fla s, etc a d with p s ibi ty of remote c mmu ic tio a d dire t c mmu ic tio

(bi-dire tio al) b th with SC DA a d amo g al IEDs (or insta c thro g IEC 618 0), with e tern l p wer

su ply with/with ut b c u c p bi ty It is a DSU fuly inte rate in n twork o eratio system (SC D ), with

most of th p s ible a ditio al o tio al fe tures, su h as DSU intern l status a d alarms, distrib tio

su statio mo itorin (e.g me sureme ts, alarms, etc.), v lta e a d c r e t me sureme ts for o eratio

p rp ses, V C, DER mo itorin a d c ntrol (WAT c ntrol), emb d e alg rithms for MV n twork a tomatio

(b se o lo al me sureme ts a d/or sig als from field a p ratus, for insta c disc n e tor/circ it bre k r

p sitio c ntrol), tra sfer trip sig al tra smis io , with th p rp se to se d oth r IEDs informatio a le to

Table 2 – FPI fa lt d te tion c pabi ty cla s s to be us d

for data model a d profi e definition a d te ting

8.4.3 Communic tion c pabi ity cla s

Con ernin commu ication ca a i ty, the complete clas ification is in icated in Ta le 3

Pos ible examples are s own in Fig re C.1, Fig re C.2, Fig re C.3 an Fig re C.4

Table 3 – Communic tion c pabi ity to be us d for data model

a d profi e definition a d te ting

Con ernin p wer s p ly, the complete clas ification is in icated in Ta le 4

Table 4 – Power s pply cla s

Con ernin o tional fe tures, the complete clas ification is in icated in Ta le 5

Table 5 – Addition l option l fe ture cla s s (not strictly relate to pure fa lt d te tion)

8.4.6 Complete FPI/DSU cla sific tion throug performa c /c pabi ty cla s s

Complete clas ification of F Is/DSUs throu h clas es is in icated in Ta le 6

Ta le 6 also gives in ication for cor ect u e of dif erent FPI/DSU clas es (with referen e

only to fault detection ca a i ties)

Al FPIs/DSUs s al b tested in s c a way as to b clas ified ac ordin to Ta le 6

con ernin fault detection ca a i ty an algorithms (8.4.2), commu ication ca a i ties

(8.4.3), an p wer s p ly (8.4.4)

In ad ition, tests may also as es F I/DSU compl an e with o tional ad itional fe tures, as

defined by the clas ification level (se 8.4.5)

Conforman e tests an proced res wi b des rib d in a future International Stan ard

(IEC 6 6 9-4)

The c oice of an F I/DSU ta in into ac ou t the clas ification regardin commu ication,

in te d, de en s on the distribution network owner's mode of o eration (simple local

in ication of fault location on the network, remotely tran mited in ication of fault location,

b th for man al intervention from p rson el in field an for remotely control ed o eration on

switc es/circ it bre k rs alon the fe ders, MV network automation with fault cle rin an

automatic s p ly restoration, etc.)

e viro me t (e viro me tal

me sureme ts, alarms, etc.)

thro g oth r a p ratus (RTUs

+ mo ems, RTUs + ro ters,

e viro me t (e viro me tal

me sureme ts, alarms, etc.)

i Power flow mo itorin