ninh bình quê hương anh hùng

Trong cbng euoe xay dung va phat trien dat nuac hien nay, dubi su lanh dao eiia Dang bb Tinh, nhan dan Ninh Binh lai tich cue lao dbng sang tao, vuon len tren moi linh vuc, tiep tuc viet

y

J' BAN CHAP HANH DANG BO TINH NINH BINH

NINH BINH QUE H I / 0 N G ANH H U N G

^ ^ ^ p TINH HOA BINH % "

UBND tinh

UBND huyen

UBND xa

BAN 0 6 HANH CHINH

T I N H N I N H B I N H

TY LE 1:250000

TINH NAM DINH

DdNG

BAN CHI DAO:

PHAM MINH TUYEN:

BAN BIEN SOAN:

TRAN THE CONG:

DINH NGOC VUONG:

NGUYEN MANH HUNG:

NGUYEN KIM TOAN:

NGUYEN TRUONG SON:

D 6 V A N CHUYfiN:

H O A N G PHUONG NHAM

PHAM CAO SON:

Uy vien Ban Thuang vu Tinh uy, Truang Ban Tuyen giao Tinh uy, Truang ban

Pho Truang Ban Tuyen giao Tinh uy, Pho ban thuang true

Pho Truang ban thuang true Ban Tuyen giao Tinh uy, Pho ban

Pho Van phong Uy ban nhan dan tinh, uy vien Pho Giam doc So Van hoa - Thong tin, uy vien Truang phong Tuyen truyen Ban Tuyen giao Tinh uy,

uy vien Truang phbng Lich su Dang, Ban Tuyen giao Tinh uy,

uy vien Truang phbng Huan hoc Ban Tuyen giao Tinh uy,

uy vien Chanh Van phbng Ban Tuyen giao Tinh uy, uy vien Truong ban Tuyen huan, Bo chi huy Quan su tinh,

uy vien Chuyen vien Ban Tuyen giao Tinh uy, uy vien Chuyen vien Ban Tuyen giao Tinh uy, uy vien Chuyen vien Ban Tuyen giao Tinh uy, uy vien

BAN CHAP HANH DANG BO TINH NINH BINH N ^

„ ' 9 (V132)

Ma so: ^

CTQG - 2002

LOI NHA XUAT BAN

Tren dat nuac Viet Nam h a n g nghin nam van hien c6 nhieu vung dat lich

sii, van hoa da in dam trong tam thiic ciia moi ngubi chiing ta Ninh Binh, mot viing "dia h n h n h a n kiet", da tirng la co do ciia hai trieu dai Dinh, Tien Le trong gan nua the ky mai mai la niem t u hao ciia dan toe ta

Nam a cue Nam dong bang song Hong, an ngii tuyen dubng giao thong huyet

mach ciia dat nuac chay t u Bac vao Nam, Ninh Bmh la tinh cb nhieu tiem nang, the m a n h phat trien, vbi ngubn tai nguyen rung quy hiem va h a n g chuc ty met khoi da vbi la ngubn nguyen lieu dbi dao cho cbng nghiep san xuat vat lieu xay dung Noi day cb nhufng danh lam, t h a n g canh ky thii noi tieng nhu: Vuon qubc gia Ciic Phucmg, Bich Dbng (Nam thien de nhi dbng), Dich Long (Nam thien de

t a m dbng), Xuyen Thiiy Dong, khu Tam Cbc thap thoang bbng hinh ciia Ha Long tren can

Vbi truyen thbng lich su, van hba lau dbi, Ninh Binh lubn p h a t huy chii nghia anh hiing each mang, long yeu nuac va y chi dau t r a n h quat cuang lam nen nhiing chien cbng oanh liet, gan vbi n h u n g mbc son lich su chbi ngbi ciia dan tbc Dubi su lanh dao ciia Dang Cong san Viet Nam, trong su nghiep each m a n g gianh doe lap dan toe va trong hai cube khang chien chbng Phap, chbng My, Dang bb va n h a n dan Ninh Binh da doan ket vuat qua bao gian lao, thii thach, lao dbng sang tao, chien dau diing cam, kien cuang, gianh nhieu t h a n g lgi to lan, gop phan xiiTig dang vao su nghiep each mang ve vang eiia Dang, ciia dan toe Trong k h a n g chien, n h a n dan Ninh Binh da tich cue t h a m gia chien dau chbng giac va hang nghin ngubi con uxi tu eua que huong Ninh Binh da nga xubng vi nen doe lap, t u do ciia To qubc Trong cbng euoe xay dung va phat trien dat nuac hien nay, dubi su lanh dao eiia Dang bb Tinh, nhan dan Ninh Binh lai tich cue lao dbng sang tao, vuon len tren moi linh vuc, tiep tuc viet nen nhiing t h a n h tun mbi trong bang truyen thbng ve vang eua minh

NINH BINH - QUE HUONG ANH HUNG

Nhiing cong hien xiing dang va nhiing hy sinh lbn lao eiia Dang bb, quan va dan Ninh Binh da dutfc To qubc va n h a n dan ca nutfe ghi n h a n Cb 41 don vi, trong db eb 7 t r e n 8 huyen, thi va 16 ca n h a n duac Dang va N h a nuac phong

t a n g d a n h hieu cao quy: Anh hung Luc lugng vu trang nhan dan va Anh hiing

Lao dgng; gan 300 me duac Nha nuac phong t a n g d a n h hieu Ba me Viet Nam Anh hung Va 7 don vi Anh hiing Luc lugng vii trang nhan dan dbng tren dia ban

N h a n dip ky niem 10 nam tai lap tinh Ninh Binh (1992-2002) va 55 nam

t h a n h lap Tinh dpi dan quan Ninh Binh (1947-2002), N h a xuat ban Chinh tri quoc gia phbi hop voi Ban Chap h a n h Dang bb tinh Ninh Binh xuat ban cubn

saeh NINH B I N H - QUE HUONG ANH HUNG

Cubn saeh cung cap cho ban doc n h u n g t u lieu quy, ghi lai n h u n g t h a n h tich xuat sac trong chien dau va lao dong, n h u n g dbng gbp va hy sinh to lbn ciia Dang

bb, quan va dan Ninh Binh qua eae giai doan lich sii, n h a m giao due cho cac the

he hbm nay va mai sau truyen thbng yeu nuac, each mang, khbi day long t u hao, tin tubng vao tuong lai ciia que huong, dat nuac, dbng gbp tich cue vao su nghiep cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa vi muc tieu dan giau, nuac m a n h , xa hbi cbng bang, dan chii, van minh

Do dieu kien thbi gian va ngubn t u lieu cb han, cubn saeh khb t r a n h khbi nhiing khiem khuyet Chiing tbi mong n h a n dugc y kien dbng gbp ciia ban doc de lan xuat ban sau cb chat lugng tbt hon

Xin t r a n trgng gibi thieu cubn saeh quy voi ban dgc

Thang 3 nam 2002

NHA XUAT B A N CHINH TRI QUOC GIA

LOI NOI DAU

NINH BINH la mot tinh co be day lich sii, van hoa, giau truyen thong yeu nifo'c va each mang Truyen thong db gan lien voi nhiing moc son lich sii choi ngbi tii ngan xua ciia dan toe Viet Nam

Niia cuoi the ky X, Dinh Bo Linh dep loan muoi hai sii quan, thong nhat dat nuac, thu non sbng ve mot moi Cling co va xay dung bg may nha nude quan chii Trung uong tap quyen Nam 968, Dinh Bg Linh len ngoi Hoang de, lay hieu la Dinh Tien Hoang, lap nuoc Dai Co Viet, xay dimg kinh do tai Truong Yen, Hoa

Lu, Ninh Binh Tii d6 Ninh Binh di vao lich sii nhu mot trong nhiing dia danh ve vang nhat ciia dat nude

Nam 981, Thap dao tuong quan Le Hoan xuat quan danh tan quan Tong

va quan Chiem Thanh, giii yen bo coi nutfc nha Le Hoan len ngoi Vua, lay hieu la Le Dai Hanh, lap nen trieu dai mbi: Trieu Tien Le, va van lay Hoa

Lu, Ninh Binh lam kinh do ciia nude Dai Co Viet Den trieu Ly, Hoa Lu, Ninh Binh van la kinh do ciia nude ta cho den nam 1010, khi Ly Thai To doi

do ve Thang Long

Cuoi the ky XIII (nam 1285), trieu Tran da rbi kinh thanh Thang Long ve Hoa Lu, Ninh Binh, xay dung can cii dia khang chien chdng quan Nguyen -Mong xam luge Hon 500 nam sau (nam 1789), Quang Trung - Nguyen Hue cung tii Tam Diep - Ninh Binh xuat quan than tdc tien ve Thang Long tieu diet quan xam luge nha Thanh gianh lai nen dgc lap cho nude nha

Tii khi thuc dan Phap xam luge nude ta, hudng ung cac phong trao yeu nude, chdng ngoai xam, nhan dan Ninh Binh da hang hai tham gia cac cugc khdi nghia, chien dau anh diing chbng thuc dan Phap

10 NINH BINH - QUE HUQfNG ANH HUNG

Dae biet, hon 70 nam qua, dudi su lanh dao ciia Dang Cong san Viet Nam, Dang bg va nhan dan Ninh Binh da vung chi ben long, doan ket thong nhat vugt qua khb khan gian kho, lao dgng sang tao, chien dau diing cam, kien cudng, gianh nhieu thang lgi ve vang, gbp phan xiing dang vao su nghiep each mang ciia Dang, ciia dan tgc

Trong su nghiep chien dau bao ve To quoc va xay dung dat nude, xay dung que huong, d Ninh Binh da xuat hien nhieu tam guong dung cam va nhung dien hinh tien tien eua cac ca nhan va cac tap the Da cd 35 don vi va 12 ca nhan

dugc Nha nude phong tang danh hieu Anh hiing Luc lugng vU trang nhan dan (trong do 7 tren 8 huyen, thi xa dugc phong tang danh hieu Anh hiing Luc lugng

vu trang nhan dan); 6 tap the, 4 ca nhan dugc phong tang danh hieu Anh hiing

Lao dgng, gan 300 ba me dugc phong tang danh hieu Vinh du Nha nude Ba me Viet Nam Anh hiing Nhiing tam guong va dien hinh ay mai mai trd thanh

niem t u hao ciia cac the he con em Ninh Binh hom nay va mai saiu

Vdi nhiing dong gop xiing dang vao thang lgi eua cugc khang chien chong

My, ciiu nude, ngay 2-10-2000, Chu tich nude da ky Quyet dinh sd464/CTN

phong tang danh hieu Don vi Anh hiing Luc lugng vii trang nhan dan cho

nhan dan va luc lugng vu trang tinh Ninh Binh Day la phan thudng cao quy

va la vinh du" Idn lao doi vdi Dang bg, nhan dan va cac luc lugng vu trang toan tinh

Cung vdi viec xuat ban cubn saeh Lich sir Dang bp Ninh Binh qua cac thdi

ky, viec ghi lai thanh tich ciia nhiing tap the anh hiing, ca nhan anh hung va

Ba me Viet Nam Anh hung tren que huong Ninh Binh trong khang chien chdng thuc dan Phap va de qubc My xam luge, trong thbi ky doi mdi la viec lam cd y nghia rat quan trgng, nham giao due, giu gin va phat huy truyen thbng bat khuat kien trung, can cii sang tao ciia Dang bg, nhan dan va cac luc lugng vu trang trong tinh, khoi day d mdi ngubi long tu hao va y chi quyet tam xay dung que huong Ninh Binh ngay eang giau dep, van minh, ciing ca nude vUng budc di len trong the ky XXI

Vbi trach nhiem lbn lao do Ban Thudng vu Tinh uy Ninh Binh chi dao to

chiic bien soan va xuat ban cubn saeh NINH BINH - QUE HUONG ANH HUNG

Sau hon sau thang nb luc phan dau, cubn saeh ra mat ban dgc diing vao dip ky niem 10 nam tai lap tinh (1992-2002), 55 nam thanh lap Tinh dbi dan quan Ninh Binh (1947-2002)

Trong qua trinh bien soan cubn saeh, Ban Thuong vu Tinh uy Ninh Bmh

va Ban bien soan luon nhan duge su dbng gbp, giiip dd tan tinh ciia cac dia

LOI NOI DAU 11

phuong, dgn vi, ban, nganh, cac ca nhan trong va ngoai tinh Ban Thudng vu

Tinh liy Ninh Binh xin chan thanh cam on su giiip dd tan tinh, quy bau dd

Tuy Ban bien soan da rat cd gang trong viec suu tap, xac minh, bd sung

t u lieu de the hien mbt each trung thuc, khai quat nhung thanh tich ciia tap

the va ca nhan anh hung, tieu sii tbm tat cac Ba me Viet Nam Anh hiing d

Ninh Binh, song do han che ve thdi gian va nguon tai lieu luu tru, nen cudn

saeh khb tranh khbi nhUng thieu sbt Ban Thudng vu Tinh uy Ninh Binh

mong nhan dugc nhiing y kien ddng gdp, phe binh de nang cao chat lugng

cubn saeh vao lan xuat ban sau

Nmh Binh, thang 3 nam 2002

PHAM MINH TUYEN

Uy vien Ban Chap hanh Trung uong Dang,

Bi thu Tinh uy Ninh Binh

CUriQ BAN DOC

Trong khi cubn saeh NINH BINH - QUE HUONG ANH HUNG sSp r a mSt

b a n doc thi chiing toi n h a n dugc tin vui: Thang 2 nam 2002, Chii tich n u a c Cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam da ky eae Quygt dinh sb: 82/2002-QD/CTN,

114/2002-QD/CTN va 115/2002-QD/CTN phong t a n g va truy t a n g danh hieu Anh

hiing Luc lugng vd trang nhan dan cho 152 tap the va 10 ea n h a n cb t h a n h tich

dae biet xuat sac trong k h a n g chien chbng P h a p va chbng My; trong db tinh Ninh Binh cb 8 t a p the va 1 ca n h a n

* D a n h s a e h c a c d a n vi d u g c p h o n g tang:

1- N h a n dan va Luc lugng vii t r a n g n h a n dan xa Gia Lap, huyen Gia Vien

2- N h a n dan va Luc lugng vii t r a n g n h a n dan xa Gia Phong, huyen Gia Vien 3- N h a n dan va Lue lugng vii t r a n g n h a n dan xa Gia Tan, huyen Gia Vien 4- N h a n dan va Luc lugng vii t r a n g n h a n dan xa Yen Quang, huyen Nho Quan

5- N h a n dan va Luc lugng vu t r a n g n h a n dan xa K h a n h Thien, huyen Yen Khanh

6- Nhan dan va Luc lugng vii t r a n g n h a n dan xa K h a n h Cu, huyen Yen Khanh

7- N h a n dan va Luc lugng vii t r a n g n h a n dan xa Yen Mae, huyen Yen Mo 8- Can bo, cbng n h a n vien va lue lugng t u ve Nbng t r u d n g qubc doanh Dbng Giao (nay la Cbng ty Thuc pham xuat k h a u Dbng Giao)

* D a n h s a e h ca n h a n d u g c t r u y tang:

Liet si Dau Quy Khiem: Xa doi trudng, xa Dinh Hoa, huyen Kim San

T h a n h tich eua cac t a p the va ea n h a n anh himg neu tren, chiing tbi xin dugc dang vao lan xuat ban sau

Chiing tbi mong ban doe het siie thbng cam

BAN BIEN SOAN

LOI BAPi BIEPi SOAPi

Dudi su chi dao true tiep eua Ban Thudng vu Tinh uy Ninh Binh, Ban

bien soan da khan truong xay dung ke hoach, cii can bg xubng cac dia phuong, don vi gap nhan chiing, suu tam tai lieu Vdi tinh than trach nhiem cao, lam viec tich cue, khan truong ciia Ban chi dao va Ban bien soan,

cudn saeh NINH BINH - QUE HUONG ANH HUNG da hoan thanh Day

la cong trinh nghien ciiu mang tinh chat lich su ciia que huong, ghi lai mot each tran trgng thanh tich eua nhiing tap the, ca nhan anh hiing va tieu su

ciia cac Ba me Viet Nam Anh hiing a Ninh Binh qua cac thdi ky: Chdng Phap,

chdng My, hba binh xay dung va edng cugc doi mdi (tinh den het nam 2001) Noi dung chinh ciia cudn saeh dugc sap xep theo trinh t u sau:

- Tinh Ninh Binh Anh hiing va cac tap the Anh hung tren que huong Ninh Binh

- Cac ca nhan Anh hiing

- Nhiing Ba me Viet Nam Anh hiing

Tat ca deu dugc sap xep theo don vi hanh chinh va thii tu ABC

Trong qua trinh bien soan, chiing tbi da nhan dugc su giiip dd tan tinh ciia Hgi dong Thi dua - Khen thudng tinh Ninh Binh, Sd Lao dgng - Thuong binh va Xa hgi tinh Ninh Binh, Bg chi huy Quan su tinh Ninh Binh, Cdng

an tinh Ninh Binh, cac don vi va ca nhan anh hung Ban Tuyen giao cac huyen, thi uy, dang uy, chinh quyen cac xa, phubng, thi tran trong tinh, Nhiep anh tinh Ninh Binh Ddng thdi Ban bien soan da het siic cd g^ng the hien mot each tuong dbi day dii, chinh xac nhung sd lieu, ten dat, ten

ngudi theo bao cao tdm tkt thanh tich ciia mdi dia phuong, don vi, ea nhan

va tieu su cac Ba me Viet Nam Anh hiing, sau db lay y kien ddng gdp eua

tiing don vi de hoan chinh

14 NINH BINH - QUE HUONG ANH HUNG

Mac dii vay, trong qua trinh xay dung nbi dung cudn saeh Ban bien soan cung gap khbng it khd khan, nhu:

1 Tu lieu ve mot so ca nhan anh hiing eon lai rat it do mot sd da bi that lac, khbng dugc luu giu

2 Trong sd gan 300 Ba me Viet Nam Anh hung eua Ninh Binh, nhieu me

da mat, ngubi than ciia cac me khbng nhd rd tieu sii tdm tat ciia cac me Cb gia dinh da chuyen sang cac dia phuong khac sinh song va dem theo nhiing

di vat ciia cac me de thd ciing Chinh vi vay, ddi vdi nhUng trudng hgp nay, Ban bien soan chi cd the ghi lai tbm tat mbt phan tieu sii ciia cac me theo ban "Trich ngang" do Sd Lao dgng - Thuong binh va Xa hgi va dia phuong cung cap

3 Cd mbt sd me khbng cbn giu dugc anh chan dung va Bang, cho nen chiing

tdi phai thay the bang Huy hieu Ba me Viet Nam Anh hiing

4 Nhieu anh chan dung ciia cac me va cac anh hiing phai chup lai tir anh

tu lieu Mac dii chiing tdi da cd gang tai tao nhung van con mot so anh chat lugng khdng dugc tdt

5 Trong ban thanh tich ciia tirng don vi anh himg gui ve, cd nhiing t u lieu

t u nam 1999, Ban bien soan da cb gang dieu chinh nhung khbng tranh khoi nhung sb lieu chua phu hgp vdi thdi diem hien tai

Tat ca nhiing khb khan va han che tren Ban bien soan mong dugc ban dgc lugng thu, gdp y kien, cung cap them t u lieu de lan xuat ban sau dugc hoan chinh hon

Xin tran trgng cam on

LOI KEU GOI ToAri QUOC KHAno CHIEFI'

Hai dong bao toan quoc !

Chiing ta mubn hoa binh, chiing ta phai nhan nhugng Nhung chiing ta eang nhan nhugng, thuc dan Phap eang lan tdi, vi chiing quyet tam cudp nude

ta lan nUa !

Khbng ! Chiing ta tha hy sinh tat ca, chii nhat dinh khdng chiu mat nude, nhat dinh khbng chiu lam nb le

Hai dong bao !

Chiing ta phai diing len !

Bat ky dan bng, dan ba, bat ky ngudi gia, ngudi tre, khdng chia tbn giao, dang phai, dan tbc He la ngudi Viet Nam thi phai diing len danh thue dan Phap de eiiu To qubc Ai eb siing dung siing Ai cb guom dung guom, khbng

cb guom thi diing cube, thudng, gay gdc Ai cung phai ra siic chdng thuc dan Phap Clin nude

Hoi anh em binh si, tu ve, dan quan !

Gid ciiu nude da den Ta phai hy sinh den gigt mau eudi ciing, de giU gin dat nude

Dii phai gian lao khang chien, nhung vbi mot long kien quyet hy sinh, thang lgi nhat dinh ve dan tgc ta !

Viet Nam dbc lap va thbng nhat mudn nam !

Khang chien thang lgi mubn nam !

Ha Noi, ngay 19 thang 12 nam 1946

HO CHI MINH

1 Ho Chi Minh: Toan tap, Nxb Chinh tri quoc ^ a , Ha Noi, 2000, t.4, tr.480-481

LOI KEU QOI

THI DUA YEU TiUOO

Cling toan the dong bao yeu quy,

Nude ta kinh te lac hau, nhung long yeu nude va chi quat cudng chang kem ai

Nay mudn t u cap, t u tiic, di kip ngubi ta, thi chiing ta phai

di mau,

Vi vay, si, nbng, cbng, thuong, binh, gai trai gia tre, toan the qudc dan ta, vb luan d dia vi nao, lam cdng viec gi, phai ra

siic tham gia cugc Thi dua yeu nu&c, tiic la tang gia san xuat

Nhu the thi:

Khang chien nhat dinh thang lgi,

Kien qubc nhat dinh thanh cbng

HO CHI MINH

1 Ho Chi Minh: Toan tap, Nxb Chmh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi, 2000, t.5, tr.419

KHONG CO GI QUY HOTJ DOC L A P , T U DO'

Hai dong bao va chien si ca nu&c !

De qudc My da man, gay ra chien tranh xam luge hong an cudp nude ta, nhung chiing dang thua to

Chiing d at mang gan 30 van quan vien chinh vao mien Nam nude ta Chiing nudi dubng nguy quyen nguy quan lam cdng cu hai dan phan nude Chiing diing nhiing phuong tien chien tranh cue ky man rg, nhu chat dgc hoa hge, bom napan, v.v Chiing dung chinh saeh ddt saeh, giet saeh, pha saeh Bang nhung tdi ac ay, chiing hbng khuat phuc ddng bao mien Nam ta Nhung dudi su lanh dao kien cudng va khbn kheo ciia Mat tran dan tbc giai phbng, quan va dan mien Nam ta doan ket chat che, chien dau anh dung, da thang lgi ve vang va quyet tam chien dau den thang lgi hoan toan, de giai phbng mien Nam, bao ve mien Bac, tien tdi thbng nhat nude nha

Giac My trang trgn diing khdng quan ban pha mien Bac nude ta, hong gd the that bai ciia chiing d mien Nam va hbng ep chiing ta "dam phan" theo y mudn ciia chiing

Nhung mien Bac khdng he nao niing Quan va dan ta eang hang hai thi dua san xuat, chien dau anh dung Den nay chiing ta da ban tan xac hon 1.200 may bay dich Chiing ta quyet danh thang chien tranh pha hoai ciia dich, ddng thdi het siic het Idng ling hg ddng bao mien Nam rudt thit

Gan day, giac My dien cudng leo thang them mbt budc rat nghiem trgng: chiing ban pha ngoai b Ha Nbi va Hai Phbng Db la hanh dbng tuyet vgng ciia

1 Ho Chi Minh: Toan tap Nxb Chinh tri quoc gia Ha Noi, 2000, t.l2, tr 107-110

Day la Loi keu goi ciia Chu tich Ho Chi Minh duoc Dai phat thanh Tieng noi Viet Nam truyen di sang ngay 17-7-1966

}8 NINH BINH - QUE HUOTNTG ANH HUNG

chiing, khac nao con thii du bi thuong nang, giay giua mbt each hung tgii trudc hoi thd cubi cimg

Gibnxon va be lu phai biet r&ng: chiing cb the dua 50 van quan, 1 trieu quan hoac nhieu hon nua de day manh chien tranh xam luge d mien Nam Viet Nam Chiing cb the dimg hang nghin may bay tang cudng danh pha mien Bac Nhung chiing quyet khdng the lay chuyen dugc ehi khi sat da, quyet tam chdng My, ciiu nude ciia nhan dan Viet Nam anh hiing Chiing eang hung hang thi tdi eiia chiing eang them nang Chien tranh eb the keo dai

5 nam, 10 nam, 20 nam hoac lau hon nua Ha Nbi, Hai Phbng va mot sd thanh phd, xi nghiep cd the bi tan pha, song nhan dan Viet Nam quyet khbng

sg ! Khong co gi quy han doc lap, tu do Den ngay thang lgi, nhan dan ta se

xay dung lai dat nude ta dang hoang hon, to dep hon !

Mgi ngudi deu biet: mdi lan sap day manh chien tranh tdi ac thi giac My lai reu rao cai trd bip bgm "hoa binh dam phan", hbng danh liia du luan the

gidi va do lbi cho Viet Nam khbng mudn "dam phan hoa bmh"!

Nay, Tbng thbng Gibnxon, nguoi hay cbng khai tra lbi trudc nhan dan My

va nhan dan the gidi: Ai da pha hoai Hiep dinh Gionevo, la Hiep dinh bao dam chii quyen, dgc lap, thdng nhat va toan ven lanh thd eua nude Viet Nam? Phai chang quan dgi Viet Nam sang xam luge nude Hoa Ky va giet hai ngubi Hoa Ky ? Hay la Chinh phii My da dem quan dgi Hoa Ky den xam luge nude Viet Nam va giet hai ngudi Viet Nam ?

My phai cham diit chien tranh xam luge Viet Nam, phai riit het quan dgi

My va chu hau ra khbi Viet Nam thi hoa binh se trd lai ngay lap tiic Lap trudng ciia Viet Nam da rd rang: dd la 4 diem ciia Chinh phii Viet Nam Dan chii Cbng hoa va 5 dieu ciia Mat tran dan tgc giai phbng mien Nam Viet Nam Ngoai ra, khdng cb each nao khac !

Nhan dan Viet Nam rat yeu ehuong hoa binh, hoa binh t h a t su, hoa binh trong dgc lap t u do, chii khbng phai thii hoa binh gia hieu, "hoa binh" kieu My

Vi dbc lap ciia To qudc, vi nghia vu dbi vbi cac dan tbc dang chdng de qudc

My, toan dan va toan quan ta doan ket mot Ibng, khdng sg hy sinh gian khd, kien quyet chien dau den thSng lgi hoan toan Trudc day, trong hoan canh khb khan hon nhieu, ma chiing ta da t h i n g phat xit Nhat va thuc dan

KHONG CO Gi QUY HON DOC LAP TU DO 19

P h a p N g a y n a y , dieu kien t r o n g n u d c va t r e n t h e gidi t h u a n lgi cho t a h o n ,

s u n g h i e p chdng My, cuu nudc ciia n h a n d a n t a e a n g chac c h a n se h o a n t o a n

t h a n g lgi

Dong bao va chien si yeu quy !

Chiing t a eb chinh nghia, eb siic m a n h doan k e t eiia t o a n d a n tii Bac den

N a m , cd t r u y e n thdng d a u t r a n h b a t k h u a t , lai cd s u dong t i n h u n g hb rgng

lbn ciia cac nudc xa hgi chii nghia a n h em va n h a n d a n tien bd ca t h e gibi,

chiing t a n h a t dinh t h a n g !

Trudc t i n h h i n h mdi, chiing t a quyet ddng t a m n h a t tri, vugt mgi gian k h o

hy sinh, kien quyet hoan t h a n h n h i e m vu lich sii ve v a n g ciia d a n tgc t a la

danh thang giac My xam luge !

N h a n dip nay, tbi xin t h a y m a t n h a n d a n Viet N a m , n h i e t liet cam on s u

ling hb va giiip dd het Ibng ciia n h a n d a n eae nudc xa hgi chii nghia, eua n h a n

d a n tien bd t r e n the gidi, ke ea n h a n d a n My Hien nay, trudc a m m u u tbi ac

mdi ciia de qubc My, tbi tin chac r a n g n h a n d a n va chinh phii cac nude xa hgi

chii nghia a n h em, cac nudc yeu ehubng hoa binh va chinh n g h i a t r e n t h e gidi

eang r a siic ling hb va giiip dd hon n u a n h a n d a n Viet N a m chdng My, ciiu

nudc den t h a n g lgi hoan toan

N h a n d a n Viet N a m n h a t dinh t h a n g !

Giac My xam luge n h a t dinh t h u a !

Viet N a m hoa binh, t h d n g n h a t , dgc lap, dan chii va giau m a n h m u d n n a m !

Dong bao va chien si ca nudc, a n h diing tien len !

THU CUA DONG CHI VO VAH KIET

QUI DANQ BO QuAn vA oAn niriH BINH

Ha Noi, ngay 20-10-2000

Kinh gui: Tinh uy, Hgi dong nhan dan, Uy han nhan dan,

Uy ban Mat tran To quoc tinh Ninh Binh

Tdi r a t vui miing n h a n dugc giay mdi eua cac ddng chi t h a y m a t T i n h uy, Hgi ddng n h a n d a n , Uy b a n n h a n d a n , Uy b a n M a t t r a n To qudc Viet N a m

t i n h N i n h Binh mdi tbi d u Dai hgi thi d u a yeu nudc n a m 2000 va Le ddn n h a n

d a n h hieu Anh hung Luc lugng VM trang nhan dan ciia t i n h R a t tiee la k h d n g t h e

ve d u vdi cac dbng chi duge Tdi xin giii tdi q u a n , d a n , Dang, chinh quyen, doan t h e eiia t i n h lbi chiic miing tdt dep n h a t

Tbi lubn giu t i n h cam dae biet vdi N i n h Binh - que h u o n g eiia ddng chi Ta Uyen, Bi t h u Tinh uy Vinh Long que tdi, Bi t h u Xii uy N a m Ky n a m 1940, ngudi da ket n a p tbi vao Dang T r o n g k h a n g chien, cd thdi gian tdi c u n g d a m

n h i e m Bi t h u T i n h uy Bac Lieu la t i n h k e t nghia vdi N i n h Binh

Nhiing t h a n h tich ciia D a n g bd, q u a n va dan t i n h N i n h Binh ddi vdi cdng cube xay d u n g va bao ve To qubc q u a cac thdi ky la r a t d a n g t u hao Tdi t i n

t u o n g t r u y e n t h d n g each m a n g , p h a m chat a n h h u n g ciia N i n h Binh se tiep tuc duge p h a t h u y cao do de d u a t i n h n h a vugt len, d a t dugc n h u n g t h a n h tich

to Idn, y nghia hon n u a , gbp p h a n xiing d a n g vao s u nghiep xay d u n g va bao

ve d a t nudc Viet N a m xa hbi ehii n g h i a giau m a n h

VO VAN KIET

THU CUA DAI TUOTiG VO NGUYEn GIAP

QUI DAriQ BO, QuAri vA DAn nmn BiriH

Ha Noi, ngay 20-10-2000

Than ai gui: Tinh uy, Hgi dong nhan ddn, Uy ban nhan ddn,

Uy ban Mat tran To quoc tinh Ninh Binh

Tdi da nhan dugc giay tinh mdi ve du Dai hgi thi dua yeu nude va ddn nhan danh hieu Anh hiing Luc lugng vu trang nhan dan Rat tiee, tbi khdng ve du

de chia vui vdi ddng bao va eae ddng ehi tinh nha dugc Nhan dip nay, tdi xin giii den Dai hbi, qua Dai hbi den toan the dong bao, chien si tinh nha Idi chiic mimg nong nhiet va nhUng tinh cam than thiet

Trong hai cube khang chien than thanh chdng xam luge eiia dan tgc Dang

bd, quan va dan Ninh Binh da chien dau anh diing, lap duge nhieu chien cdng, cung cap siic ngudi, siic ciia cho tien tuyen, gdp phan xiing dang vao su nghiep giai phbng dan tgc, thdng nhat Td qudc Tinh Ninh Bmh rat xiing dang vbi phan thudng cao quy: Anh hung Lue lugng vu trang nhan dan ma Dang va Nha nudc phong tang Ddn nhan phan thudng vinh quang nay, chiing ta eang tudng nhd den cdng on biet bao anh hung liet si da chien dau

hy sinh de chiing ta cb duge ngay nay

Trong thdi ky hoa binh xay dung, dae biet la trong nhiing nam dbi mbi, tu khi tai lap tinh Dang bb, quan va dan tinh Ninh Binh da doan ket phan dau dat dugc thanh tun to lbn tren cac mat kinh te, van hoa, xa hbi va dam bao

an ninh qudc phdng

Trong phong trao thi dua yeu nudc xay dung va bao ve To qudc vira qua,

da xuat hien nhieu don vi, ca nhan dat thanh tich xuat sic, trd thanh nhiing don vi anh hiing, nhung chien si thi dua, nhung dien hinh tien tien Tbi nhiet

^ 2 NINH BINH - QUE HUO'NG ANH HUNG

liet chiic miing va mong nhiing tam guong tieu bieu ay ngay eang nhieu trong phong trao thi dua yeu nudc ciia tinh nha

Budc vao the ky XXI, dat nudc ta diing trudc nhung thdi co mdi, ddng thdi vdi nhiing thach thiic mdi Tbi mong rang Dang bb, quan va dan Ninh Binh tiep tuc phat huy truyen thbng ve vang, ra sue thi dua yeu nudc phan dau dat nhieu thanh tuu to lbn hon nua trong cbng cube ddi mdi, cbng nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa theo dinh hudng xa hgi ehii nghia, lam cho Ninh Binh trd thanh mbt tinh guong mau, tiing budc thue hien thang lgi muc tieu dan giau, nudc manh, xa hgi cbng bang, dan ehii, van minh nhu Dang va Bac Ho hang mong mudn

Chiic Dai hbi thanh cdng tdt dep

Chao than ai

VO NGUYEN G I A P

* nir^HBiriH

KHAI QUAT TRuyfen THONQ LICH SU VA vAn HOA

Ninh Binh la tinh b cue nam dbng bang Bac Bd, phia bac giap tinh

Nam Dinh va Ha Nam, phia tay va dbng bac giap tinh Hoa Binh, phia nam va tay nam giap tinh Thanh Hoa, phia dbng nam giap bien Dbng Ninh Binh cd dien tich gan 1.400 km^ sb dan: 905.000 ngudi' Ninh Binh ngay nay cb 6 huyen la: Nho Quan, Hoa Lu, Gia Vien, Yen Md, Yen Khanh, Kim Son va 2 thi xa la: Ninh Binh va Tam Diep, trong dd thi xa Ninh Binh la trung tam chinh tri, kinh te, van hoa eua tinh

Dia hinh eua Ninh Binh dugc chia thanh 3 viing rd ret Day niii da vbi a

phia tay eiia tinh chay theo hudng tay bac - dong nam, bat ngubn tii" vimg riing niii Hoa Binh chay ra bien tao thanh vimg phu sa co ven chan niii Do qua trinh tao son hon 200 trieu nam ve trudc, day mii da vdi d phia tay ciia tinh eb nhieu hang ddng dep nhu: Bich Dgng, Tam Cde, Dich Long, Xuyen Thuy Dong, Ban Long, Hoa Son, Van Trinh, Tam Giao Tiep dd la vimg dbng chiem triing d cac huyen Nho Quan, Gia Vien, Hoa Lu, Yen Mb, chiing to khi bien bbi trong dieu kien kin sbng, lai hi niii ddi bao boe che chd, nen khbng dii phii sa bbi dap de sbt lai vimg sau triing ngay nay Bien boi dan tao nen viing dong bang ven bien nam Yen Khanh, Yen Mb, Kim Son

Ninh Binh cb duong giao thbng thuy, bg thuan lgi Duong bg cd duong quoc

lg sd 1, eb nhieu doan trimg vdi duong Thien ly xua, ra Bac vao Nam Ciing vdi duong bd nay, cbn cb dudng sat xuyen Viet Duong thuy cb cac sbng Idn nhu: sbng Day, song Hoang Long

Ninh Binh t u ngay xua da la noi eu trii ciia hai dan tgc chinh la ffinh va Mudng Ngay nay cb gan 2 van ngudi Mudng sbng xen ke vdi ngudi Kinh d 8

xa thuge huyen Nho Quan: Ciic Phuong, Ky Phii, Quang Lac, Phii Long, Yen Quang, Xich Tho, Thach Binh va Van Phuang Nhan dan sbng chu yeu bang nghS nong, ngoai ra con lam mot sb nghe thii cbng nhu: da my nghe, ne, moc, nubi tam, det vai, lam chieu cbi

1 S6 lieu nam 2001 ciia Cue Thdng ke Ninh Binh

24 NINH BINH - QUE HUONG ANH HUNG

Tinh Ninh Binh eb con ngudi cu trii r i t sdm Cac nha khao co hge da phat hien xuong, rang ngudi hoa thach d thung Lang (Tam Diep) eb nien dai each ngay nay tir 3-4 van nam Dbng Ngudi Xua d Ciic Phuong eb di ehi eiia eon ngudi each day gan van nam Di tich eua nen Van hoa Hoa Binh cbn tim thay

d mot sd hang dong thube thi xa Tam Diep, phan anh xu hudng eon ngudi tien

ra vimg dbng bang ven chan niii giap bien Di chi Man Bac (Yen Md) eb di tich ciia con ngudi thdi ky dong thau each day t u 3300-3700 nam

Trong sb 6 chec trbng dbng tim thay d Ninh Binh eb 2 trbng ddng loai I, hien vat tieu bieu ciia nen van minh sbng Hbng Dieu do chiing to Ninh Binh

la mot trong nhirng dia ban quan trong ciia nen van minh buoi dau dung nudc Nhan dan Ninh Binh cb truyen thbng yeu nude chbng giac ngoai xam Miia xuan nam 40, cimg vdi nhan dan ca nudc, nhan dan Ninh Binh diing len theo Hai Ba Trung, khdi nghia gianh dbc lap tu do Tren dat Ninh Binh eon cb 5 noi thd 12 vi tudng ciia Hai Ba Khi cube khdi nghia Hai Ba Trung that bai, lao tudng Db Duang da riit lui theo dudng sbng Day qua dat Ninh Binh vao Thanh Hoa de danh dich lau dai

Mot nghin nam Bac thube la qua trinh lau dai dan toe ta dau tranh gianh

^*l ,r- k i t

^HIHB^^^^^^^HI^B^Br

•"*:£-W ?t.' •

Hang Lubn (Xuyen Thuy Dongj

Anh: PHAM HY LUONG

NINH BINH - KHAI QUAT TRUYEN T H 6 N G LICH SU VA VAN HOA 25

dgc l a p , t u do D i u t h i ky X, tir l a n g Dai Hiiu (Gia Viln), Dinh Cbng Trii d a

vao C h a u Ai ( T h a n h Hoa) t h a m gia cube khdi nghia eiia D u o n g D i n h N g h e

N a m 9 3 1 , D u o n g Dinh Nghe dem q u a n d a n h C h a u Giao, g i a n h lai q u y e n t u

chu, x u n g la T i l t do sii Dinh Cbng Trii duge phong la Thii sii C h a u H o a n

(Nghe An) D i n thdi Ngb Quyen, Dinh Cbng Trii v a n giii chiic cii Mot t h d i

gian s a u , Dinh Cbng Trii m a t Tinh t h a n yeu nudc ciia bng da duge t r u y e n

cho ngudi con t r a i cb chi Idn la Dinh Bb Linh Tir cd l a u t a p t r a n d dbng H o a

Lu, Dinh Bb Linh da t a p hgp luc lugng, rbi tien len t h b n g n h a t d a t n u d c

N a m 968 Dinh Bb Linh len ngbi H o a n g de, d a t t e n nudc la Dai Cb Viet, dbng

dd d Hoa Lu Tii db que h u o n g N i n h Binh t r d t h a n h t r u n g t a m chinh t r i , k i n h

t e , v a n hoa eua ea nudc trong 42 n a m (968 -1010) N a m 1010, Ly T h a i To ddi

dd tii Hoa L u r a T h a n g Long, n h u n g vimg d a t N i n h B i n h v a n la m o t t r o n g

n h u n g t r u n g t a m lich sii van hoa m a n g n a n g d a u a n eiia ea m b t thdi ky lich

sii o a n h liet d u n g nudc va giu nudc

S a u cube k h a n g chien chbng N g u y e n - Mbng l a n t h i i n h a t (1258), n h a n

t h a y vi t r i chien luge eiia phii T r u d n g Yen, Vua T r a n T h a i Tbng da n h u d n g

ngdi cho Thai tii, ve v u n g niii Vii L a m , xay d u n g a m T h a i Vi de t u h a n h , m d

d a u cho viec xay d u n g h a n h cung Vii L a m thdi Tran Vua T r a n T h a i Tong d a

chieu d a n lap ap, bien viing r u n g niii h o a n g vu O L a m ( r u n g q u a ) t h a n h

n h i i n g t h b n xbm trii phii, la ea sd cho viec xay d u n g can cii dia T r u d n g Yen

t r o n g cube k h a n g chien chbng N g u y e n - Mbng lan t h i i hai (1285) Tai v i m g

mii Thien Dudng, n h a T r a n da t a p hgp dugc luc l u g n g va d a n h t a n m b t bd

p h a n q u a n N g u y e n - Mbng vao d a u t h a n g 6-1285, gbp p h a n n h a n h chbng

q u e t saeh q u a n xam luge r a khbi d a t nude

Hon 300 n a m s a u ngay Dinh Bo Linh len ngbi H o a n g de, n g a y 2 t h a n g 10

n a m Dinh Hgi (1-11-1407), T r a n Ngbi lai len ngbi H o a n g de d C u a C a n (Yen

Md), t a p hgp luc l u g n g khdi nghia chbng q u a n Minh va da d a n h t a n q u a n

M i n h d b i n Bd Cd n g a y 14 t h a n g 12 n a m M a u Ty (1408)

Vao cubi n a m M a u T h a n (1788), 29 v a n q u a n T h a n h vao x a m luge n u d c t a

N g h i a q u a n Tay Son da riit lui chien luge, xay d u n g p h o n g t u y e n Tam Diep,

tao dieu kien t h u a n lgi de ngudi a n h h u n g ao vai N g u y e n H u e h o a n t h a n h

chien dich dai p h a q u a n T h a n h vao d a u x u a n Ky D a u (1789)

Khi thue dan P h a p xam luge nudc ta, n h a n dan Ninh Binh da viing len cimg

cu P h a m Van Nghi chbng P h a p d nga ba Dbc Bg (Yen K h a n h ) , cimg vdi n h u n g

ngudi eon tieu bieu la: Thien Hb Gian, Nguyen Tii Tudng, Bui Cam, Bui Uyen

N a m 1930, D a n g Cbng s a n Viet N a m r a ddi, N i n h Binh la m b t t r o n g n h i i n g

t i n h sdm eb co sd D a n g va phong t r a o each m a n g K h u can eii each m a n g

Q u y n h L u u la mot t r o n g ba t r u n g t a m ciia Chien k h u Q u a n g T r u n g thdi tien

26 NINH BINH - QUE HUONG ANH HUNG

khdi nghia Khu du kich Khanh Trung, Khanh Thien la nhung eo sd chdng Phap kien cudng Thdi ky chbng My, Ninh Binh da giu vung mach giao thdng Bac - Nam Quan dan Ninh Binh da bSn rai 90 may bay My Tinh Ninh Binh

da dugc Nha nude phong tang danh hieu Don vi Anh hiing Luc lugng vu,

trang nhan dan

Vimg "dia linh" Ninh Binh da tao nen nhiing "nhan kiet" tieu bieu eiia que huong nhu: anh hung dan tbc Dinh Bb Linh, cac danh tudng Dinh Dien, Nguyen Bac, Trinh Tii, Luu Co; Hoang hau Duong Van Nga, Qubc su Nguyen Minh Khbng, danh nhan van Truang Han Sieu, Tien si Ninh Tbn, Bang nhan Vii Duy Thanh, nha van hoa Vii Pham Khai, Pham Than Duat

Cung vdi cac danh nhan lich sii la mot kho tang huyen thoai ve Dinh Bb Linh, Le Hoan, Duong Van Nga, Nguyen Minh Khbng , mbt kho tang co tich, tuc ngu, ca dao ve manh dat, con ngudi Ninh Binh

La tinh cb nhieu niii da, cb rung, cd bien, nhan dan Ninh Binh da tao dung nhiing lang nghe dbc dao nhu lang nghe dieu khac da He Dudng, Xuan Vii (Hoa Lu), nghe chieu cbi (Kim Son), nghe mbc Phiic Lgc (Hoa Lu), lang nghe theu ren Van Lam, lang da canh Binh Khang, rbi nhung lang nghe chan tam, det vai, dan cbt

Nhung nghe nhan dan gian dieu khac gb, dieu khac da d cac lang nghe Ninh Binh da gbp phan dung len nhung cbng trinh kien triic dgc dao nhu: Nha thd da Phat Diem, Den Vua Dinh, Den Vua Le, Dinh Trimg Ha, Dinh Triing Thugng

Tai cac di tich lich sii van hoa noi tieng hang nam to chiic nhieu le hoi nhu:

Le hgi Cd db Hoa Lu, le hbi Den Thai Vi, Den thanh Nguyen, Den Dau, hgi vat Yen Ve

Cac dieu hat cheo cung dinh Hoa Lu do ba Pham Thi Tran huan luyen van cbn luu truyen d cac lang cheo: Phiic Tri, Nam Dan, Thugng Kiem, La Mai, Quylt Trung, Kiln Thai, Tho Mat, Tiln Phong, ThuSn D§u, Duyen Phiic Nhiing dieu hat diim, "rang thudng" hap dan eiia ngudi Mudng (Nho Quan) trong nhung ngay hgi xuan vdi nhiing trb choi nem con, thoi ken la gbp phan khoi dung ban sac van hoa Ninh Binh

Net van hoa am thuc dbc dao d viing dbng chiem triing Ninh Binh cb mam tep, ca rb Tong Trudng, ca chubi nudng Van Long, Kim Son cb rugu Lai Thanh, biin moc Yen Mb cb nem Yen Mac

Nhung net dae trung ve truyen thbng lich su va van hoa dd luon hoa quyen, gSn k i t vdi nhau, tao nen mot sSe thai rieng ciia mbt vimg que Ninh Binh Cung vdi thdi gian, truyin t h i n g dd lubn dugc gin giu vun dSp va phat huy de cb mot Ninh Binh hdm nay: Tuai dep, tu hao

7

TIFffl m i BINH ANH HUNG

« »

VA CAC TAP THE ANH HUNG

TREN QUE Hl/DNG NINH BINH

NHAn DAn, LUC LUoriG v u XRAriG

TiriH NIPiH BiriH

DOTi VI APiH HUNG LUC LUOTiQ VU TRANG TmATi DATi

Hon 70 nam qua, dudi su lanh dao ciia Dang Cbng san Viet Nam,

Dang bg, quan va dan Ninh Binh da gbp phan ciing ca nude lam nen nhieu chien cbng chbi lgi, viet nen nhung trang hao hung nhat trong lich sii hang ngan nam ciia dan tbc

Thang 6 nam 1929, Dbng Duong Cbng san Dang dugc thanh lap d Bac ky Thang 7 nam 1929, cac chi bb Viet Nam Thanh nien Cach mang dbng chi hgi'

d Ninh Binh duge chuyen thanh chi bb eiia Dbng Duong Cbng san Dang, danh dau budc ngoat mdi ciia phong trao each mang tinh Ninh Binh

Trong nhung nam 1930-1935, cimg vdi phong trao each mang ciia dan tgc,

d Ninh Binh da cd nhieu to chiic each mang hgp phap va niia hgp phap de lanh dao, tuyen truyen, giao due quan chiing dau tranh each mang Cac to chiic quan chiing nhu "Xieh to" (mot to chiic thanh nien each mang liic bay gid), "Nbng hgi do", "Cbng hgi do", "Hgi cay", "Hgi c4y", "Hgi t r u y i n ba qubc ngu" dugc xay dung va phat trien d nhieu noi thuge cac huyen Nho Quan, Gia Vien, Gia Khanh va Yen Mb Ta da to chiic treo cd Dang d nhieu noi, dien hinh la cam cd Dang tren niii Non Nude (thi xa Ninh Binh), sau dd d thbn Diem Khe (Gia Vien) Cac to chiic Dang da tich cue tuyen truyen each mang

va da cb anh hudng sau rbng trong nhan dan

Tu nam 1936-1939, phong trao each mang d Ninh Binh dugc phuc hbi va phat trien Dang bd tinh cung cd va xay dung lai cac to chiic Dang, to chiic quan chiing cbng khai, hgp phap va niia hgp phap d nhieu dia phuang trong tinh de tuyen truyen giac ngg va xay dung luc lugng each mang trong nhan dan

1 Viet Nam Thanh nien Cach mang dong chi hoi con co ten la Hoi Cach mang Thanh nien Viet Nam (B.T)

30 NINH BINH - QUE HUONG ANH HUNG

Ll don nhan danh hieu Anh hiing Luc licomg vu, trang nhan dan tinh Ninh Binh

Anh: THANH BINH

Trong nhirng nam 1940-1945, Dang bb Ninh Binh da lanh dao nhan dan tiep tuc vung len dau tranh gianh nhieu thang lgi Mat tran Viet Minh, Doan Thanh nien Ciiu qubc, Hbi Cbng nhan Ciiu qubc, Hbi Phu nu Ciiu qubc, Hbi Nbng dan Ciiu qubc, Dgi Tu ve Ciiu qubc dugc thanh lap va phat trien rbng rai d tat ea cac huyen, thi, thu hiit ngay eang dbng cac tang Idp nhan dan vao phong trao ciiu nude, doan ket dau tranh dudi su lanh dao ciia Dang Md dau cao trao khang Nhat eiru nudc la su kien pha kho thbe ciia giac ciiu dbi cho dan ngay 15-3-1945 d Quynh Luu (Nho Quan) Sau db, phong trao lan nhanh

ra nhieu noi trong tinh da ciiu hang van ngudi thoat khoi nan ddi khiing khiep, dbng thdi bang bao lue each mang eiia quan chiing da lam tan ra va

te liet chinh quyen dich d nhieu thbn, xa, tao the lue mdi cho each mang Thang 5 nam 1945, hoi nghi kien toan Chien khu Quang Trung (Hoa -Ninh - Thanh) hgp d Ninh Binh, thanh lap Ban chi dao chien khu Ban ehi dao da quylt dinh thanh lap dbi "Giai phbng quan", lay vung Quynh Luu (Nho Quan) lam mbt trong nhung can cii trung tam hoat dgng eiia chiln khu Su kien nay da co vii phong trao each mang trong quan chiing, ngay

eang phat trien va dkn din su ra ddi ciia Tinh iiy Dgi "Giai phbng quan"

TINH NINH BINH ANH HUNG vA CAC TAP THE ANH HUNG 31^

duge to chiic, Uy ban each mang lam thdi, Uy ban dan tbc giai phbng ra ddi

d nhieu thbn, xa thuge hai huyen Nho Quan va Gia Vien Vdi chien cbng

vang dbi danh lui dgi quan Nhat ve dan ap each mang d Quynh Luu ngay

11-8-1945 eua luc lugng vii trang bao ve can cii each mang, uy tin ciia Mat

t r a n Viet Minh ngay eang Idn, khi the each mang ciia quan chiing ngay eang

len cao

Lenh tong khdi nghia ciia Trung uong dugc truyen tdi Ninh Binh ngay

17-8-1945 Tinh uy da lanh dao nhan dan noi day khdi nghia gianh chinh quyen

trong tinh Sau ba ngay khdi nghia, chinh quyen de qubc, phong kien trong

toan tinh bi dap tan Ngay 25-8-1945, Uy ban Cach mang lam thdi do dbng

ehi Van Tien Diing lam chii tich ra mat nhan dan

Cach mang Thang Tam thanh cbng da ket thiic qua trinh dau tranh day

gian kho hy sinh nhung thang lgi rat ve vang ciia nhan dan ta Tu day, nhan

dan Ninh Binh va nhan dan ea nudc cham diit cugc ddi no le lam than Toan

Dang, toan dan budc vao thdi ky mdi - thdi ky lam ehii van menh dat nude,

tiep tuc dau tranh, xay dung va bao ve To qubc, bao ve que huong than yeu

eiia minh

Dudi su lanh dao eiia Dang bg tinh, luc lugng vu trang va ban vii trang

Ninh Binh phat trien nhanh chbng, rbng khap Tii hai dgi giai phdng quan d

Chien khu Quynh Luu, tinh da xay dung thanh mbt chi dgi Giai phbng quan

gbm 6 dai ddi va 1 trung dgi (quan sb tuong duong 1 trung doan) Mdi huyen

cb tii 1 tieu dbi den 1 trung dgi tu ve xung phong 0 cap xa, luc lugng ban vii

trang phat trien manh vdi nhieu hinh thiic to chiie nhu: Viet Minh Ciiu qudc,

Tu ve chien dau, Den eudi nam 1946, lue lugng nay len den 2 van ngudi

Phong trao mua sam vii khi, luyen tap vd nghe phat trien sbi noi, rgng khap,

cubn hiit mgi tang Idp nhan dan tham gia

Dang bg Ninh Binh da kien tri giao due, tuyen truyen va phat dgng ddng

bao viing du kich va vimg tam chiem, dbng bao giao ciing nhu luong bat chap

khb khan, gian kho, hy sinh, dao ham bi mat, nudi giau can bb, du kich, bg

dgi, phat trien chien tranh du kich, bien viing tam chiem eiia dich thanh cac

vvmg cb ca sd viing chac eiia ta Mgi ngudi ra siic tang gia san xuat, chbng

dich lan chiem, can quet, chbng khu trang, chbng phdng tuyen trang, bao ve

nhan dan, md rgng va ciing cb can cii du kich

Ninh Binh da xay dung ciing cb hau phuong, cung cb vimg t u do thanh can

cii dia ciia cac co quan dau nao ciia Lien khu uy, Bb tu lenh Chien khu HI va

la noi ra ddi Dai doan Dbng Bang (nam 1951)

Ngay 1-4-1947, Tinh dgi dan quan Ninh Binh duge thanh lap tai thbn Khe

D§u Thugng (Ninh Xuan, Gia Khanh) Tii thang 5 nam 1947 d i n thang 3

32 NINH BINH - QUE HUONG ANH HUNG

nam 1948, cac huyen dbi dan quan Idn lugt ra ddi Ngay 20-9-1947, dai ddi chii luc dau tien eua Ninh Binh dugc thanh lap mang ten Dai ddi Le Lgi Trung tuan thang 6 nam 1948, Tieu doan Dinh Tien Hoang ra ddi Lire lugng

vu trang Ninh Binh khbng ngiing phat trien ca v l sd lugng va chat lugng, phdi hgp tac chien vdi bo dbi chu luc trong Chiln dich Quang Trung (Ha Nam Ninh) thang 5 nam 1951, gianh th^ng lgi to Idn

Cimg vdi Ha Nam, Nam Dinh, quan dan Ninh Binh da gbp phan xii'ng dang vao thang lgi chung eua chien dich Quang Trung: diet 3.585 ten dich, thu 677 Sling eae loai, pha huy 32 b td, 1 tau chien, 3 ca no va 2 may bay Dai dbi 195 ciia tinh da cimg vdi bg dgi huyen Kim Son diet bbt Tuy Lgc Ha; dai dgi 29 huyen Yen Khanh diet vi tri dich d bbt Cau Xanh; du kich va nhan dan Khanh Thinh tieu diet bbt Yen Thinh, thu toan bb vii khi ciia dich

Chien thang cua Ninh Binh trong Chien dich Quang Trung la thang lgi dau tien tren chien trudng dong bang Bac Bg, da lam thay doi can ban tuong quan luc lugng cb lgi cho ta Su xuat hien va giu viing khu du kich Khanh Trung - Khanh Thien ngay giiia long dich sau chien dich la budc phat trien mdi ciia phong trao chien tranh du kich Ninh Binh Thang 10 nam 1953, phbi hgp vdi bb dbi chu luc, luc lugng vii trang Ninh Binh da anh diing chien dau gbp phan pha tan cube hanh binh Idn "Hai au" eiia Nava d Tay Nam Ninh Binh Ket thiic chien dich, sau 23 ngay chien dau lien tuc, Dai doan Dbng Bang phbi hgp vdi bb dbi dia phuang va dan quan du kich Ninh Binh tieu diet hon 4.000 ten dich, pha tan cugc hanh binh ciia chiing, bao ve vimg t u do eiia

ta Dbng - Xuan 1953-1954, phbi hgp tac chien vdi bd ddi ehii luc, quan dan Ninh Binh da danh tan 9 trong sb 181 chi dgi dia phuang quan ciia dich; diet, bat va lam hi thuong 2.539 ten dich, ban rod 1 may bay, pha huy 71 xe quan

su, thu 973 khau siing eae loai va hang chuc tan dan duge, quan trang, quan dung Tinh tii eudi nam 1949 den thu dbng nam 1952, toan tinh da huy dgng 302.012 ngay cbng phuc vu tien tuyen Trong 3 nam (1951-1953), nhan dan Ninh Binh da dbng gbp 15.315 tan thbe, phuc vu khang chien Trong Chien dich Dien Bien Phii, chi trong 24 gid nhan dan Ninh Binh da huy ddng va chuyen ra tien tuyen 600 tan gao, kip thdi phuc vu cho Chien dich Ngay tii eudi nam 1945, hang ngan thanh nien Ninh Binh ghi ten tbng quan "Nam tiln" va tham gia phong trao "Tay tiln" Trong 3 nam (1950-1953) da cd 9.960 thanh nien xung phong nhap ngii, 19.474 ngudi tham gia du kich chiln ddu

d cac xa bao ve que huong

Chin nam trudng ky khang chiln chbng thue dan Phap xam luge, luc lugng vu trang Ninh Binh da tham gia tren 3.000 tran Idn, nhd, phdi hgp vdi

bb dbi chu luc md va tham gia 6 chiln dich Idn, quet saeh 59 vi tri dich, tieu

TINH NINH BINH ANH HUNG VA CAC TAP THE ANH HUNG 33

diet, bat sbng va lam hi thuang 11.743 ten dich, ggi ra hang 506 linh Au Phi,

7.056 linh nguy, van dbng 1.104 thanh nien khbng di linh cho giac, thu 2.554

khau Sling eae loai, 32 xe van tai, pha huy 300 xe co gidi, ban roi 4 may bay,

Nhiing ket qua to Idn tren cimg vdi chien thang Dien Bien Phii va cac

chien trudng tren ea nudc da buoc dich n i t chay khoi Ninh Binh vao ngay

30-6-1954 Ninh Binh la mot trong nhung tinh duge giai phbng sdm nhat d ddng

bang Bac Bb Dang bg va quan dan Ninh Binh da dugc Nha nude tang thudng

11.677 Huan chuang, Huy chuang va 2.436 Bfing khen Chien thang lich sii

Dien Bien Phu da ket thiic thang lgi cube khang chien chbng thue dan Phap

xam luge, lap lai hoa binh d mien Bac Trong giai doan each mang mdi Dang

ta da xac dinh rb hai nhiem vu chien luge la "xay dung chu nghia xa hbi d

mien Bac va dau tranh giai phdng mien Nam, thbng nhat dat nude", vdi muc

tieu "xay dung To qubc Viet Nam hoa binh, dgc lap, dan chu va giau manh"

Ciing vdi phong trao chung ciia ca nudc, Ninh Binh da hoan thanh cube each

mang dan tgc, dan chii Giai cap dia chii phong kien bi danh do, eae t u lieu

san xuat dugc chia cho nbng dan: 1.500 mau rugng; 2.000 eon trau, bo; 3.000

nha d chia cho 50.000 hg nbng dan ngheo

Nam 1958, hgp tac xa nbng nghiep dau tien duge thanh lap d xa Gia Hung,

huyen Gia Vien Den nam 1960 eb 662 hgp tac xa vdi 78.749 hb nbng dan

(chiem 88% hg nbng dan trong tinh) Phong trao hgp tac xa tin dung, mua ban

phat trien manh me, rbng khap Quan he san xuat mdi duge thiet lap, tao tien

de cho phat trien kinh te - xa hgi ciia dia phuang, xay dung niem tin cho ngudi

lao dbng vao che do xa hbi chii nghia Van hoa xa hgi phat trien nhanh chbng

Din ngay 2-9-1958, Ninh Binh da xoa mil chii cho 29.193 ngudi, dat 97% trong

do tuoi tii 12 din 50 Ngay 11-10-1958, tinh Ninh Binh dugc Nha nude tang

thudng Huan chuang Lao dbng Hang Nhi, la mbt trong hai tinh ciia mien Bac

cb thanh tich ve bo tiic van hoa va xoa mii chii; 26 xa ciia Ninh Binh dugc tang

Huan ehuong Lao dgng, 28 xa duge Chinh phii tang Bang khen

Cuoi nam 1954, de qubc My va be lii tay sai phan ddng to chiic mbt cube

di cu Idn dua giao dan d dia phan Phat Diem thube Ninh Binh vao m i i n Nam

Trudc tinh hinh nay, luc lugng vii trang each mang dugc dieu dbng vao cac

dbi cbng tac ve tung thbn, xbm eb dbng dbng bao cbng giao de tuyen truyen,

giai thich chinh saeh ciia Dang va Chinh phii, vach rb am muu, thu doan eiia

ke thii, van dbng dbng bao yen tam d lai que huong

Lue lugng vii trang vua tham gia cac hoat dgng viia tich cue xay dung,

phat trien lue lugng Den nam 1955, sd can bg, dgi vien du kich mdi bo sung

phat trien trong ca tinh len tdi 4.198 ngudi, dua tong sb dan quan, du kich

len 8.994 ngudi, tang 1,35 lan so vdi thang 7 nam 1954

34 NINH BINH - QUE HUONG ANIUHUNG

Thanh t u u ve xay dung lue lugng vii trang, eiing eb qubc phbng trong nhung nam 1958-1960 da khang dinh su trudng thanh vugt bac cua luc lugng vii trang Ninh Binh, dugc Chinh phii tang thudng Huan chuang Chien cbng hang nh4t (1959) Tinh dbi Ninh Binh 3 nam h l n dugc Tong cue Chinh tri tang cd luan luu "Tinh dgi kha nh4t", dugc 20 tinh tren m i i n Bac ky ket giao udc thi dua Budc vao Ke hoach 5 nam l^n thii nhdt (1961-1965), Ninh Binh da md cube van dbng "Xay dung dan quan t u ve, quan du hi tien nhanh, tien manh, tien viing chac trd thanh lue lugng hau bi himg manh ciia quan ddi chinh quy, hien dai" Lue lugng vii trang Ninh Binh dugc Dang bb va nhan dan dae biet quan tam, ngay eang duge ciing eb va phat trien da tich cue tran ap bgn phan dbng lgi dung tbn giao hoat dbng, giir viing an ninh chinh tri Neu cao tinh than canh giac san sang chien dau, nam 1961, quan

va dan Kim Son da ban roi 1 may bay C47, chiee may bay ciia My dau tien

bi ban rod tren mien Bac va bat ggn 3 ten biet kich; nam 1963, dan quan xa Khanh Mau, Khanh Cudng da lap cbng xuat sac, kip thdi bat ggn toan gian diep nhay du xubng dia phan ciia xa

Bi that bai tham hai d mien Nam trong cube "Chien tranh dae biet", de qudc My da lieu linh dien cubng gay chien tranh pha hoai ra mien Bac Ngay 22-5-1965, My bat dau danh pha Ninh Binh vdi da tam "dua mien Bac trd lai thdi ky db da" Chiing da tan pha huy diet thi xa Ninh Binh gan nhu hoan toan 123 xa tren tong sd 125 xa, thi tran ciia Ninh Binh bi My nem bom pha hoai Chiing da nem xubng Ninh Binh 21.740 qua bom, dan cac loai vdi trgng lugng bang 8.118 tan Binh quan mbi tran danh pha chiing dimg 6 tan bom dan, trung binh mbi km^ phai ganh chiu 5 tan bom dan dich

Dap Idi keu ggi thieng lieng ciia Bac Hb kinh yeu: " Mbi ngudi lam viec bang hai vi mien Nam rubt thit" va "Khbng eb gi quy ban dbc lap tu do", Quan

va dan Ninh Binh da anh diing chien dau danh tra quyet liet hai cube chien tranh pha hoai cua de qubc My Phong trao "Ba san sang" trong thanh nien,

"Ba dam dang" trong phu nii, "Ba cham lo ciia phu lao", phong trao thi dua

"Quyet thang" ciia lue lugng vii trang, "Lam nghin viec tbt" trong t h i l u nhi,

"Tay cay, tay siing" trong nbng dan tap the, "Tay biia, tay siing" trong giai e§p cbng nhan, "Ba quyet tam" trong tri thiic dien ra sbi noi, rgng khSp, biing bung khi the 'Quyet tam danh thSng giac My xam luge" Toan tinh da lien tuc day len phong trao thi dua yeu nudc manh me, quyet tam day manh san xuat va bao ve san xuat, to chiic danh dich ngay tai chd, dap tan hanh dgng pha rbi tri an cua bgn phan dbng, chong chien tranh tam ly, chien tranh gian diep ciia dich, ehi vien tich cue cho tiln tuyen lbn mien Nam va xay dung hau

TINH NINH BINH ANH HUNG vA CAC TAP THE ANH HUNG 35

phuong viing manh Nhilu dien hinh tien tien xuat hien trong san xuat nbng

nghiep, cbng nghiep, luu thbng phan phbi va cac hoat dgng van hoa, xa hgi

Qubc phbng, an ninh dugc tang cudng Kim Son la mot trong nhung huyen

dau tien dat 5 t4n thbe/ha d mien Bac, thuc hien khau hieu "Thbe khbng

thieu mot can, quan khbng thieu mot ngudi" ehi vien tich cue cho tien tuyen

de danh thang giac My xam luge Nhan dan Ninh Binh da cii hang van con

em vao bb ddi tham gia chien dau tren khap eae chien trudng Cac dgt tuyen

quan cac nam deu vugt chi tieu tren giao Nam 1972 la nam dich danh pha

ac liet nhat, cb nhieu khb khan nh&t, nhung ca 3 dgt tuyen quan deu vugt

118,2%, chat lugng tbt, diing chinh saeh Hang ngan thanh nien cbng giao

tham gia bao ve To qubc Tii nam 1965 den 1975 cb 5.058 thanh nien cong

giao nhap ngii (chiem 10,5% so vdi tong sb thanh nien toan tinh) Rieng

huyen Kim Son cb 2.697 thanh nien cbng giao nhap ngii (chiem 33,6% tong

sb thanh nien nhap ngii trong toan huyen) Thi xa Ninh Binh, ty le tuyen

quan dat 112% Xa Xich Tho cb sb thanh nien vao bg dgi chiem 15,7% so vdi

dan sb, la xa cb ty le thanh nien nhap ngii cao nhat tinh Toan tinh eb 47% sb

hg eb eon em di bb dgi Nhieu gia dinh cb tir 2 den 7 ngxrai con hoac ea cha va

con cung trong quan ngii

TCr nam 1965 den nam 1975 vdi 39 dgt tuyen quan da cb 59.785 thanh

nien Ninh Binh (trong db eb 2.149 nii) tham gia quan dgi, chien dau tren eae

chien trudng trong ca nudc va lam nhiem vu qubc te, gap 5,4 lan so vdi thdi

ky chbng Phap Tren dia ban tinh thanh lap 5 tieu doan bb binh, 12 dai dbi

dia phuang, 2 tieu doan va 5 tieu dbi phao cao xa 37 ly, 6 dai dgi siing may

12 ly 7 va 1 trung dgi 14 ly 5; 4 tieu doan va 2 dai dbi cbng binh; 2 tieu doan

an dudng va 1 tieu doan thu dung Da bo sung di chien trudng va cac don

vi: 3 tieu doan va 4 dai dbi bb binh, 3 dai dbi va 4 khau dgi phao 37 ly; 4 dai

dgi 12 ly 7, 1 trung dgi 14 ly 5, 1 dai dgi tham gia chien dau d Quang Tri

nam 1972, 2 tieu doan cbng binh va 3.000 thanh nien xung phong, cbng nhan

hoa tuyen

Toan tinh da huy dong 3,5 trieu ngay cbng lam tran dia va cbng trinh qubc

phdng, 245.700 ngay cbng bbc dd va bao quan an toan 81.284 tan hang, hang

chuc van ngay cbng lam 2.467 km hao giao thbng va 945.177 ham hb, 665.723

ngay cbng phuc vu chien dau, giao thbng van tai va phdng tranh, cap cuu

Toan tinh khbng nhiing lam tbt cbng tac phbng khbng nhan dan, vua tich cue

danh dich di dbi vdi viec phbng tranh bom dan dich, ma cbn huy dgng duoe

toan dan tham gia mat tran giao thbng van tai Trong khbi bom ac liet cua

quan thu, vdi tinh than khong de mach mau giao thbng hi tac, "dich pha, ta

NINH BINH - QUE HUONG ANH HUNG

siia ta di", quan dan Ninh Binh da huy dgng 25.688 ngay cdng sua sang dudng eii, lam 8 tuyin dudng giao thbng mdi, 18 km edu dudng bd, 2 cau dudng sat, 70 km dudng bb va 18 km dudng sat

Luc lugng vii trang Ninh Binh viia tich cue chiln dau va phuc vu chien dau, vua hang say thi dua lao dbng san xu4t, gbp phan cimg toan dan dua nang suat liia ngay mbt tang San lugng luong thuc nam 1974 dat 21,9 van

t a n (tang 35% so vdi nam 1969), dam bao ddi sbng cho nhan dan, dbng gbp 105,6% ke hoach luang thuc, thuc pham nha nudc giao, dae biet nam 1967, ehi trong 15 ngay da huy dbng 2.000 tan gao phuc vu cho tien tuyen Idn mien Nam Ninh Binh da cham sbc va nubi dudng 7.020 thuang, benh binh nang tii chien trudng trd ve, nubi dudng hon 4.000 eon em nhan dan Quang Binh

va Vinh Linh Trong cube khang chien chbng My ciiu nudc, da cd 15.980 ngudi con eiia Ninh Binh anh dung hy sinh tren cac chien trudng, 7.551 dbng chi la thuang binh, 6.879 benh binh Trong hai cube chien tranh pha hoai ciia

de qudc My, quan va dan Ninh Binh da phdi hgp vdi bd ddi chii lue ban rod

90 may bay ciia giac My, trong db cd chiee may bay thii 2.700 Quan va dan Ninh Binh da dugc Dang va Nha nude tang thudng 106 Huan ehuong cac loai, trong db eb 8 Huan ehuong Chien cbng, 55 Huan chuang ve thanh tich tuyen quan va 15 Bang khen ciia Thii tudng chinh phii Gan 130 ngudi dugc tang thudng Huan, Huy ehuong cac loai, bao gbm:

- Huan ehuong Khang chien 38.156 chile

- Huan chuang Chien cbng: 26.000 chile

- Huy chuang Khang chien: 17.590 chile

- Huan, Huy ehuong Chiln si Giai phbng: 48.000 chile

- Bang khen ciia Chinh phii: 5.554 chile

Budc sang giai doan mdi eiia each mang, nhan dan va luc lugng vii trang Ninh Binh da ciing vdi nhan dan va lue lugng vu trang Nam Ha (tinh Hd Nam Ninh cii) nghiem tiic thue hien hai nhiem vu chiln luge cua Dang, tiln quan manh me vao Chien dich Tran Hung Dao va hudng ling cugc van dbng

"Phat huy ban ch4t tbt dep nang cao siic chiln ddu" ciia luc lugng vii trang

do Ban Bi thu Trung uong Dang phat dbng

Vdi quyet tam "Lam giau, danh thang" tiln quan vao mat tran san xuat, phat trien kinh te, eae don vi luc lugng vii trang da tham gia xay dung mat bang Nha may gach Sbng Chanh, Nha may xi mang Biit Son; mbt sb nha d, trudng hge; quai de lan bien Cbn Thoi, v.v

Thue hien nhiem vu bao ve To qudc, Idp Idp thanh nien trong tinh hang hai len dudng chien dau bao ve To qubc Tinh Ha Nam Ninh da to ehiie n h i l u tieu doan du nhiem, tieu dodn tan binh cb trang hi day dii, nhieu tieu doan

TINH NINH BINH ANH HUNG VA CAC TAP THE ANH HUNG 37

lam cdng trinh qubc phbng chi vien len bien gidi phia bac Cac don vi lam

cdng trinh qubc phbng da true tilp dao dap 274.855 m^ dat da, hoan thanh

mot tuyen hdo dai 25km, vugt dinh miic 300%

Trong gdn 20 nam (1976-1994) cac dgt thanh nien nhap ngii deu hoan

thanh tdt, dat t u 100% din 105% so vdi chi tieu, dam bao chat lugng, diing

chinh saeh Song song vdi nhiem vu chi vien cho tuyen trudc, tinh da chii

trgng xay dung lue lugng dan quan t u ve rbng khap Bb dgi dia phuang phat

trien nhanh chdng, cb khung trung doan du hi dgng vien, hinh thanh cac luc

lugng chien dau tai ehb, chiln dau co dbng va phuc vu chien dau Quan triet

t u tudng "Lam ehii dia phuang de tieu diet dich, tieu diet dich de giu vung

quyen lam ehii", "Kien quylt chii dbng danh thang dich ngay tii tran dau ",

chii ddng xay dung the tran, san sang danh dich trong mgi tinh hudng Cac

dan vi dan quan co ddng, cac ddi true chien va luc lugng du bi dbng vien duge

xay dung va phat trien, viia huan luyen viia lao dbng san xuat viia san sang

chien dau

Budc vao thdi ky doi mdi, dae biet tii khi tai lap tinh (thang 4-1992) den

nay, ben canh edng tac xay dung va phat trien luc lugng, lue lugng vii trang

Ninh Binh da ciing vdi todn Dang, toan dan tap trung ciing eb va phat trien

kinh te, xa hgi, lap nen nhiing thanh tich rat dang tu hao

Kinh te phat trien vdi tdc do tang trudng nhanh hon so vdi cac thdi ky

trudc day Nam 2000, GDP tang 2,4 lan so vdi nam 1991, binh quan mbi nam

tang 10,4% Gia tri san xuat nbng nghiep tang tren 2 lan, binh quan mbi nam

tang tren 8%, san lugng luong thuc tang 2,2 lan, binh quan luong thuc dau

ngudi tang 2 lan San xuat thuy, hai san tang 2,4 lan Cbng nghiep dia

phuang tang 3 lan, binh quan mbi nam tang 13% Vbn dau t u xay dung co

ban khu vuc Nha nudc tang 10 lan Thu ngan saeh tren dia ban tang 6,1 lan

Cac mat van hoa, xa hbi chuyen bien tich cue, ddi sbng nhan dan on dinh

va dugc cai thien ve mgi mat Sb giao vien pho thbng tang 46% Hoc sinh pho

thdng tang 1,5 lan, tren 66% sb xa, 100% sd phuong, thi tran da pho cap pho

thdng trung hge co sd Tu ehb phan Idn trudng Idp la nha tam, den nay tren

99% xa, phudng, thi tran da cb trudng cao tang kien cb Sb hoc sinh dat giai

qubc gia nam 1991 eb 1 em, 10 nam qua, mbi nam eb tCr 50 den 70 em Mang

ludi y te tCr tinh den co sd duge tang cudng ea ve can bg va co sd vat chat,

trang thiet hi kham chua benh Giam ty le tang dan sb t u nhien tii 2,3% nam

1991 xubng eon 1% nam 2000 Giam ty le tre em suy dinh dudng tii 40%

xubng cbn tren 29% Cac hoat dbng thbng tin, bao chi, phat thanh truyen

hinh, van hoa, van nghe, the due the thao phat trien ea ve be rgng va chieu

sau Thu nhap binh quan dau ngudi d khu vuc nbng thbn tang gap 4 lan, thi

xa tang gap 5 lan Gan 97% sb hg duge su dung dien ludi Ddi sbng nhan dan

3 8 NINH BINH - QUE HUONG ANH HUNG

on d i n h va cai t h i e n ro ret Sd hg dbi, ngheo t u 20,3% n a m 1993, g i a m x u b n g con 6,9% n a m 2000 Co sd v a t chdt ky t h u a t dugc t a n g cudng Bd m a t t h a n h

t h i , n b n g t h b n eb n h i l u t h a y doi Vdi sb vbn ddu t u cua N h a n u d e va n h a n

d a n , n h i e u cdng t r i n h phuc vu k i n h te, ddi song duge xay d u n g va d u a vao sii

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Binh ngay eang giau dep, viet tiep n h i i n g t r a n g sii ve v a n g eua que h u o n g

a n h h i m g t r o n g t h e ky XXI