Chính sách chuyển dịch cơ cấu kinh tế nông thôn của tỉnh ninh bình tt tiếng anh

modernization from the twentieth century to the 21st century in the eraof knowledge economy" Le Quoc Su, 2001, "The economicrestructuring of the industry - agriculture in the Red River D

- -PHUONG LAN, NGUYEN THI

The Policies of the Rural Economic Restructuring

Full name of the scientific Supervisors:

1 Assoc Prof., Phd Bui Xuan Nhan

2 Assoc Prof., Phd Bui Huu Duc

On date /month /year

References this dissertation at:

1 The motivation of the research:

After 30 years implementing economic reform, many majorguidelines and policies issued by the Party and the Government with anaim to focus all resources on developing the process of transformingrural economic restructuring, harmoniously solving the "Three Rural ",and the results have been achieved After 10 years implementing theResolutions of the 7th plenum of the X th, "Income of rural people hasincreased by 3.49 times In 2008, the average income was 9.15 millionVND and increasing to 32 million VND / person / year in 2017.It,however was equivalent to 78%, compared to the national average Theresults in poverty reduction are also unsustainable, the poverty rate isstill higher than 30% ” in many places

Ninh Binh province is in the Red River Delta, which haspromoted the transformation of rural economic restructuring viamany specific policies in order to concretize the Government'sguidelines and policies in promoting the internal economicdevelopment In the 10-year period (2008-2017), the average growthrate of the agricultural sector (in a broad sense) reached 6%/year; that

of the rural industry and small-scale industry accounted for 18% /year; and the number for service sector was 9,7% / year Thestructure of the agricultural sector has transformed by reducingcultivation, increasing husbandry, aquaculture and services,meanwhile the Industry and handicraft was focused to develop thestrength and high economic efficiency sectors

However, the process of rural economic reforms in Ninh Binh isstill slow and it has not exploited all the advantages and the potentialfactors yet Production scale is small and scattered Out-of-dateproduction technologies, low labor productivity and rural socio-economic infrastructures are inadequate, unable to meet therequirements of production Although people's living standards havebeen improved, most of people still live at low levels The shortage

of jobs in rural areas is increasing, the speed of urbanization isconsiderably fast, the lack of cultivated land as well as the wide-spread epidemics These problems reflect that the process oftransformation of rural economic restructuring of this province is noteffective, unstable and unsustainable To solve these mentionedproblems, it is necessary to build up the basic research on both

theories and practical experiences, and at the same time analyzingand assessing the situation By doing this, the causes and solutionswill be studied more details to complete the transformation policies

of rural areas in Ninh Binh Consequently, the student selects thetopic: "The Policies on rural economic restructuring in Ninh Binhprovince" for the doctoral dissertation, specialization in EconomicManagement, both urgently and reasonably treatise and practice

2 Overview of Research Process

2.1 The researches on the economic restructuring, the rural economic restructuring and affecting factors of the transformation.

In other countries, there are many researches on this process oftransformation of rural economic restructuring, such as: "Theory ofeconomic development" (Arthus Lewis, 1950), "The periods of economicdevelopment” (Walter W Rostow, 1960), "The role of agriculture indevelopment econmic" (Johnston B.F., Mellor J.W., 1961), "Economicgrowth in tropical countries in Asia" (Harry T.Oshima, 1986), "Structuraltransformation" (Chenery H., 1988), "Pattens of structural change"(Syrquin M., 1998), “United nations: Rural economic Centraltransformation to LDCS” (Kanaga Raja, 2016), "The Clash of Proges andSecurity" (Fisher T Allen G.B., 1935), "Remaking the Italian Economy"(Locke J.M., Richard M., 1996), "Containning Dualism throughCorporatism: Contemporaty Indusrial Relations in Australia changes"(Frenkel S., 1988), "Industrial Relations in West Germany" (Streeck W.,1988), "How technology is transforming the lives of India's farmers"(Uma Lele, 2017), "Possibilities for substitution between energy, time andinformation" (Spreng D.,1993),"Rural transformation in central Myanmar:Results from the rural economy and agriculture dry zone communitysurvey" (Ben belton, Mateusz J.Filipski, Chaoran Hu, Aung tun oo, Aunghtun, 2017), etc These studies pointed out that the process oftransformation the rural economic restructuring must be conducted step bystep at certain stages, requiring time and certain cumulative developmentsteps in quantity so that to achieve the changes in quality

In Vietnam, there are also many researches mentioned this issues,such as: "Rural economic restructuring - theoretical and practicalissues" (Le Dinh Thang, 1998), "Economic restructuring in terms ofintegration with the regions and the world" (Le Du Phong, NguyenThanh Do, 1990) "Reform the structure and trend of Vietnam'sagricultural economy in the direction of industrialization and

modernization from the twentieth century to the 21st century in the era

of knowledge economy" (Le Quoc Su, 2001), "The economicrestructuring of the industry - agriculture in the Red River Delta, thecurrent situation and solutions" (Pham Ngoc Dung, 2001), "Refrom ruraleconomic structure in the South East towards industrialization andmodernization" (Pham Hung, 2002), "Vietnam's economic restructuring inthe early years of the 21st century" (Nguyen Tran Que, 2004), "Economicstructure and economic restructuring - research on economic structure andeconomic restructuring" (Phan Cong Nghia, 2007), "The problem ofeconomic restructuring in new rural development" (Bui Tat Thang, 2011),

"Improving the efficiency of economic restructuring in the northerncoastal region" (Tran Anh Tuan, 2013) "Economic restructuring,Vietnam's economy and the world’s economy in the years from 2013 to2014" (Minh Hue, 2014) These studies analyzed and presented thescientific arguments on the economic restructuring and transformation ofrural economic restructuring in particular towards international economicintegration or industrialization and modernization as well as therelationship between the economic transformation, the economic growthand the development of our country or a territory

At the local-level, there are a number of studies on the structuralchange and the transformation of rural economic restructuring, such as:

"Rural economic restructuring in Hai Duong towards publicindustrialization and modernization in the current context ” (Nguyen TrongThua, 2012), " The solution promotions for economic restructuring and theinnovation growth model in Ho Chi Minh City (Mai Van Tan, 2014),

"Economic restructuring in Thai Nguyen in the years from 2006 to 2012"(Pham Thi Nga, 2014), "Reform the suburban agricultural structure inHanoi towards high value, green economy and sustainable development"(Trinh Kim Lien et al., 2016), etc In general, the domestic researches haveshowed out the arguments about the changes of economic structure ingeneral as well as the transformation of rural economic restructuring inparticular Therefore, it should be applyed them to analyze the status ofeconomic restructuring of regions in each period, giving the orientations and

a key solution to speed up the process of economic restructuri

2.2 The studies on the policies of the rural economic restructuring

"Impact of agricultural policy: Experience of Asian and EasternEuropean countries, suggestions for Vietnam" (R.Barker,

C.P.Timmer, V.B.Tolentino, R.E.Evenson, AmmarSiamwalla,P.stangel, Caba Csaki, V.W Ruttan, 1991), "Agricultural Policy ofdeveloping countries" (Frans Elltis, 1994), "East Asia miracle,economic growth and policy public " (World Bank Research- WorldBank, 1993) [45], "Why Invest in Rural America - And How? ACritical Public Policy Question for the 21st Century " (N.Stauber,2001), "Extension of agricultural extension: International experienceand policy implications for Vietnam" (Pham Bao Duong, 2013),

"Innovation and improvement of some major agricultural developmentand rural areas” (Le Dinh Thang, Pham Van Khoi, 1995), "Improvingthe economic policy of agricultural and rural development in suburbanHanoi in the direction of industrialization and modernization" NguyenTien Dinh, 2003), "Economic and energy policy Competitiveness ofenterprises” (Dinh Thi Nga, 2011),“ Evaluation of agricultural andrural development policies in Vietnam from 1986 to 2013 ” (NguyenManh Hung, 2014), "Vietnam Economy 2013 and policy orientation in2014" (Nguyen Ngoc Son, 2014), Public Policy - Basic Issues(Nguyen Huu Hai, 2014), "Some policies on land use management inthe Central Highlands" (Vu Tuan Anh, 2014), "Main priority books forrural agricultural programs ” (Duong Ngoc Hao, 2014), "Watermanagement policy and experience of drought-adapting ricecultivation in O - xay - li -a" (Nguyen Van Kien, 2016)

2.3 The studies on the policies of the rural economic restructuring in Ninh Binh in recent years

"Development of agricultural cooperatives, a factor promoting ruraleconomic restructuring - Korean experience" (Nguyen Chi Binh, 2012),

"The process of economic restructuring in industrialization andmodernization in Ninh Binh from 1992 up to now (Nguyen Chi Binh,2012), Experience and solutions (Do Thi Thu Huong, Tran Dinh Thao,2013), "Policy of rural infrastructure development in construction Newrural construction in Ninh Binh” (Pham Van Bai, 2014), "Policy tomobilize capital for rural transport development in Ninh Binh "

2.4 The gap in research

Most of the researches of foreign countries or of Vietnam so farhave solved a number of theoretical and practical issues about thereform of economic restructuring or the transformation of ruraleconomic development in particular, they mentioned the role andimportance of the economic policies that have a strong influence on the

changes of the economic restructuring and the transformation of ruraleconomic reform in a nation or a locality However, up to now, noresearch figures out cautiously and fully on the theoretical basis andpractical experience in implementing the policy of comprehensivetransformation of rural economic development at a provincial-levelwith the perspective specialized in Economic Management.

On the other hand, in Ninh Binh, although there have been anumber of studies on the rural economy and the transformation of therural economic restructuring, however, so far there are no any researchwhich focus systematically and comprehensively about the changes oneconomic restructuring in rural areas in Ninh Binh This is considered

as a gap in reseach that needs to be further researched, in particular, it

is necessary to study in a systematic way and to push it both in theoryand practice about solutions to complete the policies of reform therural economic restructuring at a provincial-level in our country

3 Purpose, mission and research questions in the dissertation

3.1 Purpose: Thesis would like to propose some solutions and

recommendations to improve the policies of the rural economicrestructuring in Ninh Binh until the year 2025, vision to 2030

3.2 Mission:

Firstly, systematizing and clarifying the basic practicaltheoretical issues about the policies of the rural economicrestructuring of any locality at a provincial-level

Secondly, analyzing and assessing the current status of the thepolicies of the rural economic restructuring in Ninh Binh from 2008 to

2017, then pointing out the advantages, limitations and causes so thatpropose some solutions and recommendations for completing the policies

of the rural economic restructuring in Ninh Binh

Third, proposing the solutions and suggestions toimprove policies of the rural economic restructuring in Ninh Binh

Thirdly, what is the current situation of the policies of the ruraleconomic restructuring of Ninh Binh in the past years?

Fourthly, which solutions and recommendations are needed tocomplete the policies of the rural economic restructuring in NinhBinh to 2025, vision to 2030?

Object and Scope of the Dissertation

Spatially: thesis focuses on 06 districts (Nho Quan, Gia Vien, Hoa

Lu, Yen Khanh, Yen Mo and Kim Son) and 06 villages (Ninh Nhat,Ninh Phuc, Ninh Tien, Dong Son Quang Son, Yen Son In terms oftime: To secondary data: Study on the policies of the rural economicrestructuring in Ninh Binh from 2008 to 2017 To primary data: Theinterviews for more details with district management officials,managers of enterprises, cooperatives and in the places of farmers'households were implemented at the office within 45 minutes fromMay to June 2017 The questionnaires were randomly delivered to 500farmer households, 165 enterprises and cooperatives The time fordoing surveys is from August - October 2017

With regards the content of the study: LA focuses on clarifying theconcepts, content, influencing factors, criteria for evaluating the policies ofthe rural economic restructuring of a locality at a provincial- level, in whichfocusing on 5 main items, including: (1) Land use policies for agriculturalproduction, industry and rural services, (2) Policies on restructuring cropsand livestock of high economic value, (3) Investment and support policiessupport capital for production and business in rural areas, (4) Policy on ruralinfrastructure development, and (5) Policy on vocational training and jobcreation for rural workers in Ninh Binh from 2008 to 2017, hence proposingthe suitable solutions and recommendations to improve the polices in thelong run The research object of thesis is the specific policies of a locality at

a provincial-level in concretizing and implementing the guidelines andpolicies of the rural economic restructuring at central-level

5 Approach

5.1 Research Process:

In order to assess the current situation of the policies of the rural

economic restructuring in Ninh Binh, Thesis has developed aprocess that illustrated in the following diagram:

Figure 1.1: Reesearch Process

5.2 Method for selecting sample

Thesis uses a convenient random sampling method and thesampling must be based on a number of criteria: the type of farmer'shousehold (farmers only); types of production and business activities ofenterprises or cooperatives (enterprises and cooperatives in rural areasonly) in Ninh Binh

5.3 Method for collecting data:

This study of thesis uses the in-depth interviews with individualand direct quantitative interviews

5.4 Tool for processing data:

Thesis uses SPSS 22.0 software to analysis the results

5.5 Method for analyzing data:

In respect of assessing the reliability of the scale: Thesis uses theCronbach’s alpha coefficient to measure the reliability of the scale; thesteps of analysis and evaluation are performed similar as that in thepreliminary quantitative study After assessing the reliability of thescales, Thesis uses methods of document analysis, statistical analysismethods to analyze the scale and structure of the research phenomenonand escriptive statistical analysis method to assess the actual status of thepolicies of the rural economic restructuring in Ninh Binh

6 Contribution of the dissertation

6.1 On the theoretical aspect:

Documentation Reseach Reseach on Quality

Reseach on Quantity Result

Thesis has systematized and clarified the theoretical issues aboutthe policies of the rural economic restructuring of a locality at aprovincial- level In addition, Thesis has also analyzed the practicalexperiences of the policies of the rural economic restructuring in someother countries (China (Zhejiang) and Japan (ShiZouka)) and domestic(Thanh Hoa province) Thence, this reseach builds up the lessons with

an aim to improve the policies of the rural economic restructuring inNinh Binh in future

6.2 On the practical aspect:

As an overview of the policies of the rural economicrestructuring of a locality at a provincial- level, Thesis has applied theresearch model and the qualitative and quantitative research methodsthrough the results of the survey and in-depth interviews to analyze thesituation of the 5 major policies of the rural economic restructuring inNinh Binh from 2008 to 2017 Thesis has analyzed and evaluated thosepolicies through 3 criterias, including: suitability, validity and efficiencywhich have been developed and established in the section above.Besides, Thesis also made conclusions about the advantages, limitations

as well as the reasons for those advantages and limitations of policies.These are the important practical arguments in this dissertation to makesuitable suggestions and solutions to improve policies in the long term

7 Conclusion

Not only the Introduction and Conclusion, References and Appendices are presented in this Summary, but the main content of the thesis is also mentioned The structure of the main content is divided into 3 chapters, including:

Chapter 1: Some theoretical bases and practical experiences on the

policies of the rural economic restructuring of a locality at a provincial- level

Chapter 2: Current status of the policies of the rural economic

restructuring in Ninh Binh

Chapter 3: Solutions to improve the policies of the rural

economic restructuring in Ninh Binh in 2025, vision to 2030.

Chapter 1 THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL EXPERICENS ON THE POLICIES OF THE RURAL ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING

OF A LOCALITY AT A PROVINCIAL-LEVEL

1.1 The rural economic structure and the rural economic restructuring

1.1.1 The concept of the rural, the rural economic and the rural economic structure

1.1.1.1 The rural and the rural economic

1.1.1.2 The rural economic structure and its components

1.1.2 The rural economic restructuring of a locality at a provincial-level

1.1.2.1 The rural economic restructuring

In this Thesis, the concept of the rural economic restructuring of a locality at a provincial- level is definited as:" the rural economic restructuring of a locality at a provincial- level is a change in the

quantity and density (%) between sectors and departments of each sector as well as the position and role of sectors, regions and economic factors in the rural economy in the direction of increasing progress, suitable in certain socio-economic development conditions”.

1.1.2.2 Viewpoints and Guidances of the Party and the Government on the rural economic restructuring in the current stage

1.12.3 The content of the rural economic restructuring of a locality at a provincial-level

1.2 The policies of the rural economic restructuring of a locality at a provincial-level

1.2.1 Concepts and hierarchical division on the policies of the rural economic restructuring of a locality at a provincial-level

1.2.1.1 Concepts

Thesis developed the concept of the policies of the rural economic restructuring of a locality at a provincial- level to achieve

the research purposes as follows:

"The policies of rural economic restructuring of a provincial level is known as the views, objectives and appropriate measures selected by the local authorities, these policies are issued based on the specificization of the guidelines and policies of the Government in order to create favorable conditions for rural economic restructuring according to defined objectives, to consistent with the local socio-economic development strategy in each certain period”

1.2.1.2 Hierarchical division

1.2.1.3 Purpose of the policies of the rural economic restructuring

1.2.1.4 The role of the policies of the rural economic restructuring

1.2.2 Major policies of the rural economic restructuring of a locality at a provincial-level

1.2.2.1 Land policies for the agricultural - industrial production and services in the rural areas

Land policies for the agricultural - industrial production andservices in the rural area of a locality at a provincial- level areunderstood as "a part of the policies of the rural economic restructuring,including overall guidelines and measures and local regulations of alocality at a provincial- level impact to the movement of land to exploit

it appropriately and effectively, to improve the quality of land to satisfythe production, business and transformation of the economic structure inrural areas under certain conditions ”

1.2.2.2 The policies of the high economic value crops and livestocks restructuring

The policies of the high economic value crops and livestocksrestructuring of a locality at a provincial-level is known as "a system

of policies to support and encourage the development of high-yield,high-quality crops and livestocks in rural areas, these policies arebased on fully exploiting all potentials and strengths of key crops andlivestocks in each region and each locality in the province"

1.2.2.3 The policies for the investment and support capital for production and business in the rural area

The investment policies and capital support for production andbusiness in rural areas of a locality at a provincial- level are understood

as "the overall policies to support and to create the favorableconditions for individuals, households, enterprises and other economicsectors to develop production and business activities in rural areasthrough policies on supporting investment and development inagriculture, industry and rural services; business registrationprocedures, minimizing cumbersome and complicated regulations inloan procedure for producers and traders in rural areas ”

1.2.2.4 The policies of the rural infrastructure develpment

The policies of rural infrastructure development is clarified as "asystem of policies to develop the rural infrastructure to facilitate the

production and business process in rural areas, making the process oftransformation of the rural economic structuring take place faster andmore effectively”.

1.2.2.5 The policies of the vocational training and job creation for rural labors

The policies of the vocational training and job creation forworkers in rural areas of a locality at a provincial- level areunderstood as "the overall objectives, measures and regulations of alocality at a provincial-level in the implementation of training andfostering rural laborers to meet the requirements of rural economicdevelopment and the process of transformation of the rural economicstructuring in certain periods”

1.2.3 Factors impact to the policies of the rural economic restructuring of a locality at a provincial-level

1.2.3.1 Elements in the macro environment: There are the

socio-economic development strategies of a nation, the Governmement's politicalinstitutions and international economic integration

1.2.3.2 Elements of a locality at a provincial-level: There are the

socio-economic development strategies in rural areas, the currentsituation of the transformation of the rural economic structuring and theconditions for implementing the policies of the rural economicrestructuring of a locality at a provincial- level

1.2.4 Criteria for evaluating the policies of the rural economic restructuring of a locality at a provincial-level

1.3.1 Practical policies of the rural economic restructuring of overseas localities: The policies of Jiezhang, China and the policies

of ShiZouka, Japan

1.3.2 Practical policies of the rural economic restructuring of localities in Vietnam: The policies of Thanh Hoa.

1.3.3 The lesson for Ninh Binh

Firstly, it is necessary to effectively implement the land policies