Some of the answer choices will try to confuse you by repeating words and phrases from the conversation incorrectly.. The third and fourth answer choices incorrectly repeat words from th
Trang 11.3 CONDITIONALS, CAUATIVES, AND MODALS
4 Modals are auxiliary verbs (See 2.5) that are used to give advice, make suggestions, or indicate
preferences Some modals that occur in TOEFL conversations are:
Look at some examples:
(Woman) Id rather stay up late than get up early
(Man) T have two books to read and a paper to write, and I haven’t slept in days Q (Woman) I think you need to take it easy
(Narrator) What does the woman advise the man to do?
Answer: He should rest and not work so hard
5 Some of the answer choices will try to confuse you by repeating words and phrases from the
conversation incorrectly Here is an example:
(Man) If Tyler can’t raise his grade point average, he’ll be put
on academic probation
(Woman) Well, he’d better do something about that
(Narrator) | What do the speakers say about Tyler?
C) He cannot raise his grade point average
€ 3 He will have to work harder to stay in school
C) He has something better to do
The first answer choice repeats part of the condition stated by the man, if Tyler can t raise his
grade point average However, this would be an inaccurate answer because it is only part of what
the speakers say about Tyler
The second choice, He will have to work harder to stay in school, is the correct answer because
it expresses what both speakers mean The man states a condition, If Tyler can t raise his grade
point average, and a probable result, hel] be put on academic probation The woman says that
Tyler had better do something about that In other words, Tyler must do something to raise his
grade point average to avoid being put on probation
The third and fourth answer choices incorrectly repeat words from the conversation, such as
something better to do and grade point average
On the TOEFL, listen for the overall meaning and beware of answer choices that merely repeat
some of the words and phrases from the conversation
Trang 2
1.5 CONDITIONALS, CAUATIVES, AND MODALS
Exercise 13.A
Listen carefully to the following conversations Choose the best answer to each question
(START TAPE)
1, GAD Go shopping with him 4 CA) Dr Grant will not be present in class
CB) Accompany him to the coffee shop The students will present their papers in class
Cc) Show him where she buys coffee Ce) Dr Grant requires students to write a lot
(> Dr Grant will make the introductions
2 Ca) Dr Levensky allows students to direct their
Dr Levensky has little experience in teaching He prefers to work on his thesis
Ce) Dr Levensky allows very little flexibility (> He wiil go to the potluck late
in class
(D) Dr Levensky does not expect students to 6 CA) He agrees to help the woman this weekend
Ce) He does not want to help the woman
3 CA Her brother called her two hours ago (@) He cannot help her because he has to work
Her brother makes long phone calls
Cc) Her brother does not call her often enough
CD) She regrets not having time to talk to her brother
| (STOP TAPE)
Exercise 1.3.B
Listen carefully to the following conversations Choose the best answer to each question
Lomo | (START TAPE)
1 CA She will ask Dr Chung for an interview 4 CA) He does not know the grade on his term paper
She will ask Dr Chung for an interview if He was disappointed in the grade on his
Ce) She called Dr Chung, but his line was busy Ce) He was absent when his professor gave the
Ce) She does not want to ask Dr Chung for papers back
an interview @) He asked his professor for more time to
write the term paper
2 CAD She did not go to the beach last weekend
She regrets not knowing about the funeral 5 CA) Taking a walk would help the man
She went to the funeral by herself The man should have walked with her
(®) She did not want to go to the funeral Ce) The man should try to finish his paper
Cb) They could wall as far as the dead end
3 CA) Her brother borrowed her motorcycle
CB) Her brother gave her a ride on his motorcycle 6 CA) She will give him the ratchet wrench
She rode her brother’s motorcycle to the party She does not know what a ratchet wrench is
Ce) She bought her brother a motorcycle Cc) She cannot find the right type of wrench
She was not able to catch the wrench
| so Ì (STOP TAPE)
Answers to Exercises 1.3.A through 1.3.B are on pages 628 and 629
54 DeLrA?2 Key To THE TOEFL® Test
Trang 31.3 CONDITIONALS, CAUATIVES, AND MODALS
1.2 EXTENSION
Derren nee re GT TO TO OTT
1 Working in pairs, students identify conditionals, causatives, and modals in the conversations
in Exercises 1.3.A and 1.3.B How do some of the incorrect answer choices try to trick you?
2 Working in pairs, students choose one of the conversations from Exercise 1.3.A or 1.3.B
and rewrite it so that one of the incorrect answer choices is now the correct answer Use
the tapescript on page 684 Each student takes the part of one of the speakers Practice
reading the conversation aloud, concentrating on pronunciation Present the conversation
and question to the class Classmates take a “live TOEFL exam.” Be prepared to explain
the new correct answer!
=
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m
=
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Example:
W: Hi, Nick! Do you know where I can get a good cup of coffee?
M: If you’ll come with me to my favorite coffee shop, you can treat me
N: What does the man want the woman to do?
Correct answer: (D> Buy him a cup of coffee (Ex 1.3.A, #1)
De.ta’s Key To THE TOEFL® Test 55
Trang 41.4 NEGATIVE EXPRESSIONS
1.4 Listening for Negative Expressions
Q Focus
Listen to a conversation and choose the best answer to the question
(START TAPE)
= He does not know who got married
He is very surprised by the marriage
C_) He disagrees with the marriage
€ _ He does not believe the marriage took place
(STOP TAPE)
The man says, Nothing could surprise me more! He uses a negative expression to show surprise
The news of the marriage surprises him more than any other news he might hear
The best answer to the question What does the man mean? is the second choice, He is very ˆ
surprised by the marriage
The incorrect answer choices try to confuse you with other negative expressions Can you identify
them?
Negative expressions and meanings are common in spoken English
56 Deuta’s Key To THE TOEFL® Test
Trang 51.4 NEGATIVE EXPRESSIONS
Š 2 pO YOU KNOMW ?
1 At least one question on the TOEFL will test your comprehension of negative expressions in
the short conversations you hear
2 Some negative expressions to listen for are
33šSi3SZ0S0000CE000g
= fetes elite ete dc cane nobody ae
| feither nor: a Thất oe 5 oe ae
(Man) Neither Mike nor Kathy is a very good singer
(Narrator) What does the man mean?
Answer: Mike is not a good singer, and Kathy is not a good singer
(Man) Im finished with my paper already
(Woman) Not all students are as organized as you are!
(Narrator) What does the woman mean?
Answer: The man is one of the most organized students
3 Negative prefixes can be added to the beginning of some words to give these words an
opposite meaning
Some negative prefixes to listen for are:
ee `
(Woman) T guess I’m unlucky when it comes to lotteries
(Narrator) What does the woman mean?
Answer: She is not very lucky in lotteries
(Man) I hadn’t realized it would be informal dress at the party
(Narrator) What does the man say about the party?
Answer: People dressed casually at the party
Note: A “double negative” (not + word with a negative prefix) has an affirmative meaning
Look at this example:
(Man) I wonder what the chance of an avalanche is today
(Woman) With these warm temperatures, it’s not unlikely
(Narrator) What does the woman mean?
Answer: An avalanche is likely to occur today De.ta’s KEY 10 THE TOEFL® Test 57
Trang 614 NEGATIVE ExPRESSIONS
4 Some expressions have an “almost negative” meaning Some “almost negative” expressions to
listen for are:
(Man) I could barely stay awake during my economics class this morning
(Narrator) What does the man mean?
Answer: He almost fell asleep in his economics class
(Woman) I seldom have any free time during the week
(Narrator) What does the woman mean?
Answer: She is usually busy during the week
Note: You will also review negative structures in 2.18
5 Some of the answer choices will try to trick you by using other negative expressions
Here is an example:
(Woman) I was sorry not to see you at the concert last night
The music was wonderful
(Man) I tried to get in, but they were turning people away
(Woman) Oh, I know There were hardly any seats left when I got there
(Narrator) What does the woman mean?
She was unable to find a seat
She got one of the few remaining seats
= She did not hear much of the concert
C_) The seats in the concert hall were hard
The woman says there were hardly any seats left when she got to the concert hall Hardly any is
an “almost negative” expression, which in this context means there were almost no seats left
The best answer is the second choice, She got one of the few remaining seats
The first choice tries to trick you with the negative word unable However, you know this is
incorrect because the woman heard the concert and enjoyed the music This means she was able
to find a seat The third choice tries to confuse you with did not hear much You know this is
inaccurate because the woman tells the man the music was wonderful
How does the fourth choice try to trick you?
5ô DELTA'2 Key To THE TOEFL® Test
Trang 722 PRACTICE
$
Exercise 1.4.A
1.4- NEGATIVE EXPRESSIONS
Listen carefully to the following conversations Choose the best answer to each question
(START TAPE)
1 GAD He wants to take the woman shopping
CB) He wants to help the woman practice
her driving
Ce) He is looking for a place to park
() He can’t find the parking lot
2 CAD He could not decide which classes to take
He dropped one of his classes
He had to leave school
() She heard that he missed his old friends
3 CA) They will have to cancel the picnic
Only a few people are coming to
the picnic
Ce> Some people are not able to come to
the picnic
(@) They do not know how many are coming
to the picnic
4 CA) They are not good dancers
C8) They dislike dancing
Ce) They go to the dance club every Saturday
(@) They never go to the dance club
5 CA) She has not talked to Martin in a
long time
She does not understand Martin anymore
Ce) She does not know anyone named Martin
Cp She does not want to talk about Martin
6 CA) The woman may get a good score on the
TOEFL
It is not possible to do well on the TOEFL
the first time :
C@) The woman should not take the TOEFL
(©) The woman has already taken the TOEFL
—
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mị
=
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7 A He did not attend Professor Snow’s lecture
He was not aware of any difference in Professor Snow
Ce) He disagrees with the woman
Cp) He had difficulty understanding Professor Snow
8 CA) He is always excited about something
CB) He is more excited than he has ever been
He is nervous about going to Stanford
©) She has not seen Raul recently
9 CA) She cannot attend the lecture at eight
o’clock
She doesn’t understand the lecture
Ce) She has never had an eight o’clock lecture
©) She doesn’t like having an eight o’clock lecture either
10 Ca) He has not heard of any hotels nearby
He does not know how to find their
hotel room
Ce) They might be able to get a room without
a reservation
CB) She had not heard him make a reservation
(STOP TAPE)
Answers to Exercise 1.4.A are on page 629
DeLta’s KEY To THE TOEFL® Test 59
Trang 814 NEGATIVE ExPRESSIONS
1 The teacher calls out words from the list below, and students must give an antonym (a
word with an opposite meaning) There may be several antonyms for a word Either the teacher or students may add to the list Use some of the negative prefixes from the list
on page 57
necessary wake up dry safe
2 Students create “TOEFL conversations” to test their classmates’ understanding of
negative expressions Working in pairs, follow this procedure:
(1) Choose an expression from the lists of negative and “almost negative” expressions
on pages 57 and 58 Write a short conversation with two speakers
(2) Pass your conversation to the next pair of students
(3) With the conversation you now have (written by another pair of students), choose
an appropriate “TOEFL question” from the list below Then, pass the conversation and question to the next pair of students
(4) With the conversation and question you now have (written by others), write four answer choices One must be the correct answer!
(5) This conversation is now yours Show your conversation, question, and answer choices to your teacher The teacher may make suggestions and return the conversation to you
(6) Type the answer choices and give copies to the class
(7) Practice reading your conversation aloud, concentrating on pronunciation
(8) Present your conversation to the class The teacher reads the questions, and the
class takes a “live TOEFL exam.”
TOEFL Questions What does the mean?
What does the say about ? What does the want to know?
What does the want the to do?
What do you know from this conversation?
Trang 9
1.5 TIME, QUANTITY, AND COMPARISONS
15 Listening for Time, Quantity,
and Comparisons
Q Focus
Listen to a conversation and choose the best answer to the question
(START TAPE)
C) He is looking for a new job
C) He will ask for a promotion next week
C) He has two more weeks to find a job
©) He will begin a new job in two weeks
(STOP TAPE)
You know the man just got a job because the woman congratulates him When she asks when the
job will start, the man replies, The week after next This means he will begin his new job two weeks
from now
rc
D
mị
=
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The best answer to the question What do you know about the man? is the fourth choice, He
will begin a new job in two weeks
This question tests your ability to hear and understand the time expression the week after next It
also tests your overall comprehension of the meaning of the conversation, which is given in the
first line, Congratulations on getting the job! This knowledge allows you to eliminate the first and
third answer choices, which imply that the man has not yet found a job
DELrA's Key TO THE TOEFL® Test a1
Trang 101.5 TIME, QUANTITY, AND COMPARISONS
<2 DO YOU KNOW ?
1 At least one question on the TOEFL will test your comprehension of expressions of time,
quantity, and comparison in the short conversations you hear
2 Some time expressions to listen for are:
l 38 a.ky 2 LEONA: pee eee os cờ
: oe : ma ae bi Ng ng ses Ml ae a etre nh ey a
oe S Sprensee ae ees ae oe ue oe —
a
coe | belo mm eh = last fa 2a a TH
a Sư, Se TH ng sa Si cố
SE1AtEhA0AN6 oe SS - , ee EiEEEBSISHEEIEIE
oe
BÃRhUEINHIEE
(Man) I’ve known Terry for around ten years How long have you known her?
(Woman) Oh, at least as long as that
(Narrator) What does the woman mean?
Answer: She has know Terry for more than ten years
(Woman) Once my children are in school, I plan to go back to college
(Narrator) What does the woman mean?
Answer: She will go back to college after her children start school
(Woman) Did you talk to your adviser?
(Man) She had already left when I called
(Narrator) What does the man mean?
Answer: He did not talk to his adviser
Other time expressions:
oeee n
cào “anc
3 Some Sxpressions of ng 1 to listen for are:
ee
oh es
aS ne os i : oo
(Man) Only a few - people showed up at the meeting
(Narrator) What does the man mean?
Answer: There were not many people at the meeting
(Woman) There were hardly enough handouts to go around
(Narrator) What does the woman mean?
Answer: They almost ran out of handouts
(Man) Membership in the astronomy club has tripled in four years
(Narrator) What does the man say about the astronomy club?
Answer: It has three times as many members as it had four years ago
62 Detta’s Key To THE TOEFL® Test