Tài liệu Delta''''s key to the toefl test part 5 docx

® On the paper test, you have only twelve seconds to read the four answer choices and answer each question.. Use the Process of Elimination ®s If you do not see the correct answer right

SHORT CONVERSATIONS

‘You will be able to change your answer as many times as you like—until you confirm your answer When

you confirm your answer, the computer will give you the next conversation

You will not be allowed to return to a previous question This is because the answer you give helps the

computer determine the difficulty level of your next question

While you are listening to each conversation, a picture of the two speakers will be shown on the computer

screen You will hear a conversation like this one:

(Man) I wonder who just pulled in the driveway

(Woman) Didn’t you hear me say your parents were coming over tonight?

(Man) No, I must have been in a fog

Then, you will both see and hear the question before the answer choices appear

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The computer screen with the-question and answer choices will look like this:

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'What does the man mean?

C> He knew his parents were coming over

C) He has been outdoors in the fog

C> He hadn’t noticed what the woman said

©) He must have been in another room

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The correct answer is He hadnt noticed what the woman said Therefore, you should click on the third

answer choice

When you click on the oval next to one of the answer choices, the oval will darken To change your answer,

click on a different oval

When you are satisfied that you have chosen the right answer, click on Next Then click on Confirm

Answer When you do this, the computer will give you the next short conversation Deita’s Key To THE TOEFL® Tesr _-

SHORT CONVERSATIONS

Á ) STRATEGIES FOR PART A—SHORT CONVERSATIONS

Prepare before the Test

®\ Work on building your vocabulary and knowledge of idioms Use the conversations in this book to

become familiar with the informal language in the Listening section

2: Be familiar with the structures that are common in conversational English This book gives you

practice in listening for many of these structures

®~< For the computer test, be familiar with the testing tools, such as Time, Next, and Confirm

Answer Practice using the mouse

Pace Yourself during the Test

se Think only of the question you are currently working on

® On the paper test, you have only twelve seconds to read the four answer choices and answer each

question Work quickly and efficiently Do not work on previous questions or try to read ahead to

the next question

® On the computer test, you must answer each question before you can move on to the next one

Confirm your answer only when you are certain you are ready to move on Once you have moved

on to the next question, forget the previous questions You cannot go back and change them

Listen for Meaning

®—¢ Think about the context of the conversation The first speaker sets the context, and the second

speaker adds key information Usually, the question is about what the second speaker says Only

occasionally will the question be about what the first speaker says

“.s Think about the purpose of the conversation One speaker may be requesting help, providing

information, or making a suggestion The other speaker may agree or disagree, express an opinion,

make a suggestion, or express an emotion such as pleasure, surprise or disappointment

3s Listen for key words, phrases, and idioms that help you understand the message

@~s Listen for fact and inference questions Fact questions ask about information that was mentioned

by the speakers Inference questions ask about information that was not directly mentioned but

was implied by the speakers

Use the Process of Elimination

®s If you do not see the correct answer right away, eliminate the answer choices that you know are

incorrect If you can eliminate one or two answer choices, you will improve your chance of

answering the question correctly

ne Then, if you are still not sure of the correct answer, guess! On the paper test, your score is based

on the number of questions you answer correctly, and wrong answers are not subtracted On the

computer test, if you answer a question incorrectly, the computer will make the next question

easier

SHORT CONVERSATIONS

Know the Tricks

&~« Be familiar with the various ways the incorrect answer choices try to trick you

The most common tricks are:

* repeating words and phrases from the conversation incorrectly

* having words that sound similar to words in the conversation

* using incorrect meanings of words with multiple meanings

* giving literal meanings of idioms

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®* 11sfen to your teacher read the following conversation Then read the answer choices and 2

(Man) is there anything I can do to help?

(Woman) Would you please cut more meat?

(Narrator) What does the woman want the man to do?

CA) Come meet her

Cut more wood

Ce) Put the meat away

Cp) Slice some meat

na How many choices were you able to eliminate? How did they try to trick you?

(The correct answer is CD.)

1.1 Key Worps

11 Listening for Key Words

Q Focus

Listen to a conversation What words in the conversation are keys to understanding the message?

[ome | (START TAPE)

(PAUSE TAPE)

For each key word you hear in the conversation, write a synonym, another word with a similar

meaning

Now, listen to the conversation again Choose the best answer to the question

(START TAPE)

C) She is supposed to receive a lizard

C) There might be a thunderstorm

€ 3A snowstorm is predicted

C) Her friend Liz is coming to visit

(STOP TAPE)

In the conversation, some key words you may have heard are forecast and blizzard These words tell

you that the speakers are discussing the weather

A synonym for forecast is prediction A synonym for blizzard is snowstorm Therefore, the best answer

to the question What does the woman mean? is the third choice, A snowstorm is predicted

Why are the other answer choices incorrect? The first choice tries to trick you by using lizard, which

sounds similar to blizzard The second choice has thunderstorm, which is an electrical storm, not a

snowstorm The fourth choice tries to trick you with Liz is coming, which sounds similar to blizzard

coming

1.1 Key Worps

DO YOU KNOW ?

1 Approximately three questions on the TOEFL will test your ability to recognize key words and

understand their meaning in the short conversations you hear

2 Key word questions are about specific information in a conversation Key word questions sound

like this:

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3 Some of the answer choices will try to trick you with words that sound similar to the key

(Man) Let me help you with that backpack It looks heavy

(Woman) It’s not light

(Narrator) What does the woman mean?

It is not right for the man to help her

= The man is mistaken

C) Her backpack is heavy

C_) Her backpack is dark-colored

The first answer choice has It is not right, which sounds similar to [t's not light The second

choice has mistaken, which means not right Both of these answers try to trick you by making

you think of words that sound similar to the key word light

The fourth choice tries to trick you with dark-colored, which refers to a different meaning of not

light In this context, not light means heavy

The best answer is the third choice, Her backpack is heavy

4 Some of the answer choices will try to trick you by using incorrect meanings of key words that

have multiple meanings Here is an example:

(Woman) I was surprised to see so many rabbits on our hike

(Man) So was I I didn’t think they were common around here

(Narrator) What does the man mean?

(> The rabbits they saw were a rare type

C_) The rabbits they saw were an inferior species

He didn’t know the woman shared his interest in rabbits

C) He had thought rabbits were not often seen there

In this conversation, both speakers express surprise at seeing rabbits, and the man says he didn’t

think rabbits were common The key word common has multiple meanings Here, it refers to the

prevalence of rabbits, that is, how often rabbits are seen The best answer is the fourth choice, He

had thought rabbits were not often seen there

The first three answer choices refer to other meanings of common that are incorrect in this con-

text: common = not rare; common = of inferior quality; common = shared De.ta’s Key To THE TOEFL® Tesr 37

1.1 Key Worps

lg PRACTICE

Exercise 1.1.A

Listen carefully to the following conversations Choose the best answer to each question

an (START TAPE)

The mountains are beautiful

"6 CB) It is windy in the mountains

The air in the mountains is dry

Cb) The air is thin in the mountains

A spinning cloud is dangerous

They can see the cloud better from indoors

Clouds make her feel sad

It is bad luck to see an early cloud

She was annoyed by the mosquitoes

She found the mosquitoes amusing

She recommends visiting the lake in August

There were too many other tourists there

in August

2 CAD His neighbors will return to their country 5

CB His neighbors used to own a restaurant

Cc) His neighbors refuse to disagree with anyone

Cp) His neighbors escaped danger in their country

3 CA) She hoped to pick the new president

She wanted to show something to the

president

She was looking for the president’s new office

(> She wanted to see the new president

an He got lost on the way home

He is a dangerous driver

He is a kind and gentle person

He wouldn’t allow anyone else to drive his car

| (STOP TAPE)

Exercise 1.1.B

Listen carefully to the following conversations Choose the best answer to each question

(START TAPE)

1 CAD Nadine’s home is in bad condition 4 CA) Mr Kendrick fired Jim during the meeting

CB Nadine should not run down the stairs Jim and Mr Kendrick argued during the

Cc) They had to go downstairs to look for Nadine meeting

Cb) Nadine lives in a basement apartment Ce) Jim and Mr Kendrick were exciting speakers

Cb) It was very warm in the room

2 CA) He got lost and didn’t hear the speech

CB He couldn’t see the president from where 5 CA) Her brother means to visit them with a

Cc) He didn’t understand the speech Her brother has a lot of dreams about college

CD) He lost his vision Ce) She doesn’t believe her brother has his

own company

3 CA) The woman is pouring drinks (> Her brother would like to start a business

C8 The speakers cannot afford a taxi

Cc) It is raining heavily outside 6 CA) His instructor thanked him for the gift

CD The woman is too tired to walk CB) His instructor praised his work

Ce) His instructor criticized his presentation

Cb) His instructor spoke for a long time

(STOP TAPE)

Exercise 1.1.C

1.1 Key Worps

Listen carefully to the following conversations Choose the best answer to each question

(START TAPE)

1 GD The woman feels up to taking marketing

The marketing class will be more interesting

than sociology

Ce) The woman was lucky to be able to

take marketing

CB) She will be able to fill up with gas at

the market

2 Ca) The man must overcome his shyness

CB) The man must find the right time to

speak to Teresa

CC Teresa may want to stop being friends

Cb) The man should stop in to ask for Teresa

3 CA) Her mother is a terrible cook

Her mother means to be nice

Ce) Her mother can still handle her affairs,

(> Her mother’s hearing is very bad

4 The man is a building inspector

CB) The school is more than two centuries old

Ce) The woman discovered the school a long time ago

(2) The woman found an excellent old school

5 CA) He expects to decide the next morning

He thinks they may find a better

apartment

Ce) They should agree on how much rent they expect to pay

(@®) They should examine the apartment carefully

6 CA) She is not impressed with his dog

CB) She doesn’t know anything about dogs

Ce) The man should not beat his dog

(@®) The man will not be able to take his dog

on the train

(STOP TAPE)

Answers to Exercises 1.1.A through 1.1.C are on page 628

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1.1 Key Worps

1.1 EXTENSION

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1 Working in pairs, students discuss why the three incorrect answer choices in Exercises

1.1.A through 1.1.C are incorrect How do they try to trick you? Which answer choices

have words that sound similar to key words? Which key words have more than one

meaning?

2 After listening to the cassette and answering the questions, students read the tapescripts

for Exercises 1.1.A through 1.1.C on page 681 Each person takes the part of the woman,

man, or narrator Practice reading the conversations aloud, concentrating on pronunciation

3 Working in pairs, students choose one of the conversations from Exercises 1.1.A through

1.1.C and rewrite it so that one of the incorrect answer choices is now the correct answer

Use the tapescript on page 681 Each student takes the part of one of the speakers Practice

reading the conversation aloud, concentrating on pronunciation Present the conversation

and question to the class Classmates take a “live TOEFL exam.” Be prepared to explain

the new correct answer!

Example:

M: The air feels different here in the mountains

W: Yes, I can feel how blustery it is

N: What does the woman mean?

Correct answer: CG) It is windy in the mountains (Ex 1.1.A, #1)

Explanation: Windy is a synonym for the key word blustery

1.2 IDIOMS

1.2 Listening for Idioms

Q Focus

Listen to a conversation

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The man uses an idiom, Its a real load off my mind An idiom is an expression that has a special

meaning which is different from the meaning of the individual words In this conversation, you

cannot understand what the man means by knowing only the meanings of the words load, off, and

mind

Now, listen to the conversation again and choose the best answer to the question

(START TAPE)

C) He feels light-headed from studying

>) He has a low opinion of his abilities

C) He is relieved at the news of his acceptance

(> He does not mind talking about medical school

(STOP TAPE)

In this context, Jts a real load off my mind means the man is relieved to learn he was accepted into

medical school Therefore, the best answer to the question What does the man mean? is the third

choice

How do the other answer choices try to trick you?

1.2 IDIOMS

©) DO YOU KNOW ?

1 At least seven questions on the paper-based TOEFL and three questions on the computer-based

TOEFL will test your comprehension of idioms in the short conversations you hear

2 An idiom is an expression that has a special meaning The meaning of an idiom is different from

the meaning of the individual words In other words, the meaning of the whole is different from

the sum of the parts Look at some examples:

A phrasal verb is another type of idiom that you will hear on the TOEFL A phrasal verb is a verb

+ preposition structure and is sometimes called a two-word verb or three-word verb A phrasal

verb has a special meaning that is different from the meaning of the individual words