Unit 3 Ways of Socializing Language focus part 1

- Khi V dẫn ở thì Quá khứ thì thì của câu gián tiếp lùi một thì so với câu trực tiếp... Changes in tenses Thay đổi về thì Direct speech.[r]

(Lời nói gián tiếp)

1 “ I am a student.” says Mai.

=> Mai says she is a student.

2 “I am a student.” said Mai.

=> Mai said she was a student.

- Khi V dẫn ở thì Hiện tại thì thì của câu gián tiếp không đổi

- Khi V dẫn ở thì Quá khứ thì thì của câu gián tiếp lùi một thì so với câu trực tiếp

1 Changes in tenses (Thay đổi về thì)

Direct speech Reported speech

Hiện tại đơn: S + Vnt/ V-s/es Quá khứ đơn: S + V-ed/ V2

Hiện tại tiếp diễn:

S + is/ am/ are + V-ing

Quá khứ tiếp diễn:

S + was/ were + V-ing

Hiện tại hoàn thành:

S + have/has + V-ed/ V3

Quá khứ hoàn thành:

S + had + V-ed/ V3

Quá khứ đơn: S + V-ed/ V2 Quá khứ hoàn thành:

S + had + V-ed/ V3

Tương lai đơn: S + will + Vnt Tương lai trong quá khứ:

S+ would + Vnt

Is/ am/ are going to + Vnt Was/ were going to + Vnt

2 Changes in S, O, Adj.P and P.Pronoun (Thay đổi

về chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, tính từ sở hữu và đại từ sở hữu)

Đại từ nhân

xưng (S)

I => he, she You => I, we, he, she We => they

Tân ngữ (O) Me => him, her You => me, us, him, her Us => them

Tính từ

sở hữu

(Adj.P)

My => his, her Your => my, our, his,

her

Our => their

Đại từ

sở hữu

(P.Pr)

Mine => his, hers

Yours => mine, ours, his, hers

Ours => theirs

3 Changes in time, place and demonstrative heads:

(Thay đổi về từ chỉ thời gian, địa điểm và từ chỉ định)

today tonight tomorrow yesterday last night ago

next day

then that day that night the next/ following day the day before/ the previous day the night before

before the next day

demonstrativ

e heads (T ch ừ ỉ

đ nh) ị

this these

that those

Chuyển đổi câu từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp:

1 Statement: (Câu trần thuật)

E.g.: ”I have just bought you a new hat,” my mother said to

me.

=> My mother told me/said (that) she had just bought

me a new hat.

S + told + O / said + (that) + S + V (lùi)

2 Yes/No question:

=> My friend asked me if I knew her

S + asked + O + if/whether + S + V(lùi)

wanted to know

3 Wh - question:

Ex:“What did you buy yesterday?” my mother asked my sister.

=> My mother asked my sister What she had bought the day before

S + asked/ wanted to know +(O)+ Wh-word…+ S + V(lùi)

Exercise 1:

“ going to work

in Ho Chi Minh City

”

I m ’

I m ’

next July

1 Thuan said going

to work in Ho Chi Minh City

.

he was the next July

2 I work for a big company.

=> Thuan said he worked for a big company

3.I’m their marketing manager

=> Thuan said he was their marketing manager

4 The company has opened an office in Ho Chi Minh city.

=> Thuan said the company had opened an office in Ho Chi Minh city.

5 It has been very successful.

=> Thuan said it had been very successful

6 I have been chosen to run an office in District 5.

=> Thuan said he had been chosen to run an office in District 5.

7 How long have you been learning English?

=> Thuan asked me how long I had been learning English.

8 I don’t have much time to enjoy myself.

=> Thuan said he didn’t have much time to enjoy himself.

9 I hope you will come and visit me in Ho Chi Minh city.

=> Thuan hoped I would come and visit him in Ho Chi Minh city.

“I hope I will be successful

in Ho Chi Minh City.

successful in Ho Chi Minh

City

1 Mary said : “My father died a year ago”.

2 John said : “I have finished studying my lesson”

3 He asked me : “Why didn’t you come to class

yesterday?”

4 “Did you phone me yesterday?” Tom asked Mary.

her father had died a year before

he had finished studying his lesson.

why I hadn’t come to class.

if she had phoned him the day before.

- Learn by heart the content of

the theory

- Do exercises in the workbook