Unit 04 volunteer work language focus 1

Gerund and present participle Example: a... 1.1 Gerund• after a preposition • after some verbs: enjoy, miss, finish, delay, avoid, suggest, risk… He is good at teaching Physics.. Comp

Lesson: Language Focus

UNIT 4:

Friday, October 9th 2009

Miss W orld

/w/ New /j/York

I Pronunciation

Listen and repeat

/w/

we west wine wheel wet whale

/j/

Yes Yellow Young Years Use York

Practice these sentences

white wine, and we watched TV

/w/ /w/ /w/ /w/

/ j / / j /

/ j / / j /

II Grammar

1 Gerund and present participle

Example:

a I like cooking.

Gerund

b I am cooking.

Present Participle

* Form:

V_ing

* Uses:

1.1 Gerund

• as the subject of a

sentence

• as complement of a

verb

• in a compound noun

Walking is a very good exercise to stay health.

Subject

His favorite hobby is reading.

complement

This is his swimming pool.

in compound noun

1.1 Gerund

• after a preposition

• after some verbs:

enjoy, miss, finish,

delay, avoid, suggest,

risk…

He is good at teaching Physics.

They enjoy singing.

after a preposition

after some verbs

V + ing

Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate gerund of the verbs from the box

badly

money

spend behave wait park

start bend meet listen

hearing

bending

behaving

meeting

spending waiting

starting

1.2 Present Participle

• As part of the continuous

form of a verb

• Used after certain verbs:

go, come, spend, waste, be

busy

• After verbs of sensation:

smell, hear, see, watch,

notice, observe

They are talking to each other.

As part of the continuous form of a verb.

They go fishing.

used after certain verbs

.

I can smell something

burning.

1.2 Present Participle

• As an adjective

• V + object + pre.participle

It is an interesting film.

As an adjective

I find her lesson satisfying.

Find + object + present participle

(find / catch / leave)

1.2 Present Participle

• Reduce relative clause

• Replace S + V in main

clause or subordinate

clause

The girl (who is) sitting on the brick

wall is my sister.

Entering the room, I saw her.

(I + entered)

Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate present participle of the verbs from the box

smoke…………

the bike

lie modernize shop pass prepare

rise try read burn

burning rising

reading lying shopping

preparing

trying modernizing

2 Perfect Gerund and perfect participle

Ex: a He admitted having stolen the bicycle.

perfect gerund

b Having finished her work, she went home.

Perfect participle

* Form:

having + V3/ed

* Use:

Perfect Gerund Perfect participle

is the perfect form of the gerund It is

another action.

- Do the exercise 3 in your notebook.

- Prepare Unit 5 – Reading.