GROUP 7:

GROUP 7 why she says “it rains cats and dogs” what does it mean???? GROUP 7 GROUP 7 1 Cao Thị Yến Nhi1 Cao Thị Yến Nhi 2 Võ Nguyễn Như Thủy2 Võ Nguyễn Như Thủy 3 Nguyễn Huỳnh Xuân Tiên3 Nguyễn Huỳnh X[.]

why she says: “it rains

cats and dogs”

what does it mean????

GROUP 7:

1 Cao Thị Yến Nhi

2 Võ Nguyễn Như Thủy

3 Nguyễn Huỳnh Xuân Tiên

4 Nguyễn Thị Thanh Trang

5 Lê Thị Thanh Tuyền

2 The structural principle

IV Proverbs, idioms

1 Proverbs

I Definition:

– Phraseology is the study of set expressions

called phraseological units.

– A phraseological unit is a stable word – group

characterized by a completely or partially

transferred meaning (professor A.V.Koonin) Ex: A piece of cake

Look for a needle in a haystack

 Easy to do

 Begin searching for

II Characteristics

1 Semantic features:

a Motivated meaning: the current

meanings of constituent words build up certain picture.

b Non – motivated meaning: the actual meaning of the whole unit has little or nothing

to do with that picture in itself creating an

entirely new image

- Kill two birds with one stone.

- It never rains but it pours.

 Two goals are accomplished

by doing one thing

 Troubles come all at

the same time.

2 Structural features

a Unchangeable expressions:

- The grammatical structure and lexical

components of a set expression are stable No

word can be substituted for any meaningful

component of a phraseological unit without

destroying its sense.

Ex: To give somebody the cold shoulder

 “To treat somebody coldly, to ignore or cut

him” (but a warm shoulder or a cold elbow

b Changeable expressions:

Words can be substituted.

Ex: To kill two birds with one stone

 One might say “I killed three birds

1 Semantic principle

2 Structural principle

b) Phraseological unities :

They are word – groups with a

meaning of the unit does not

correspond to the meanings of its constituent parts They are

motivated units

Ex: - To fish in trouble waters

 Take advantage of a trouble

state or affairs.

- Look for a needle in a

haystack

 Begin search for something with

only a slim chance of success

c) Phraseological fusions:

They are word – groups with a

completely changed meaning , but in

demotivated , that is their meaning can not be deduced from the meanings of the constituent parts

EX: A nice kettle of fish

 A state of confusion

A beat about the bush

 Approach a matter, in an indirect matter

Exercise: Classify the following sentences into three types of phraseology

4 ) When the cat’s away, the mice will play

2 Structural principle

a Set expressions functioning like nouns

Ex: - Skeleton in the cupboard ( a dreadful family

secret)

- A met blanket ( a discouraging person)

b Set expressions functioning like verbs

Ex: - Give up the ghost ( die)

c Set expressions functioning like adjectives

Ex: - As happy as a king

- As poor as a church house

- Hard and fast rules (  strict rules)

d Set expressions functioning like adverbs

Ex: - In black and white (  in writing)

- In the same boat (  in the same unfortunate circumstance)

- In cold blood (  purposely and without feeling)

e Set expressions functioning like prepositions Ex: - As a result of…

- As a matter of fact…

f Set expressions functioning like interjections Ex: - Take it easy!

- God bless you!

g Set expressions functioning like sentences Ex: - Crocodile tears (  false tears)

- The proof of the pudding is in eating

VI Proverbs

and Idiom

1 Proverbs

 A short saying expressing popular wisdom,

a truth or a moral lesson lesson

 Work is easy when many people help to do it

 Proverbs are also set expressions

Their meaning is usually figurative, and they are really units as well

( Proverbs are sentences, denoting moral

1 Proverbs

 Proverbs are also set expressions

Their meaning is usually figurative, and they are really units as well

(  Proverbs are sentences, denoting moral

Cứ từ

từ bạn nhé!

(When something is done hastily, there is

more likelihood of time being wasted rather than saved).

They are also set expressions, short sayings usually characterized by the fact that their meaning can not easily be deduced from their

- Like water off a duck’s back

Exampl e:

- Cat one’s heart out

- Like a fish out of water

(  no effect or reaction)

(  feel unhappy over

something)

(  in a place not

suited to one)

Rules of the game

1 ) To break the news

A To tell someone good news

B To tell someone something unpleasant

B

2) To build castles in the air.

A to dream & plan for things which are

unlikely to come true

3) To burn the midnight oil.

A To run out of oil

B To work or study into the night

C To work carefully

D To work carelessly

Answer

B

4) To be like water off a duck ‘s back.

A to have good effect

5) One’s bread and butter.

6) See eye to see.

1 All ears

2 Thick in the head

3 Run into someone

A Meet unexpectedly

B Stupid

C Being eager to hear

what s.o has to say

A Making a small problem

seems a very big problem

B Unexpected

A Making a small problem

seems a very big problem

B Unexpected

A cat my look at a king

Many hands make light

work

Today

He laughs best who laughs

last