DỊCH ĐẠI CƯƠNG EN42 EHOU

DỊCH ĐẠI CƯƠNG 1 in the English sentence is usually a noun phrase, pronouns, proper names, to infinitives, gerunds, or clauses d The subject 2 is characterized by keeping the main ideagist of a text,.

DỊCH ĐẠI CƯƠNG

1 ……… in the English sentence is usually a noun phrase, pronouns, proper

names, to-infinitives, gerunds, or clauses

d The subject

2 ……….is characterized by keeping the main idea/gist of a text,

omitting all of its supporting details and subsidiary arguments

4 ………is featured by the fact that grammatical structures and the meaning

of words are translated almost as closely as those in the target language without paying attention to the situation or context

b Literal translation

5 ………is based on the meaning of the text which aims to producethe message of the original but tends to distort nuances of meaning by using idiomsand colloquialism where there do n ot exist in the original

a Idiomatic translation

6 ………… is the language to which the text to be translated belongs

In other words, the source language is prior to translation

c The source language

7.……is the interpreter of the source text, and the producer of the final

interpretation which determines the meaning(s) which readers of the translation will read

b Word for word

11 A text could be translated into anything, ranging from one sentence to usually

one third of the original length, depending ………

d on specific situations.

12 A Vietnamese-English translated text should follow the language

rules……… social-cultural features of the English - not Vietnamese -

language and vice versa

d and

13 Adaptation can also be considered a translation technique used when the context in the original text …… ……… in the Target Text culture

b does not exist

14 Adaptation translation aims to create an equivalence of …………

……… applicable to a different situation than that of the source language

a the same value

15 A satisfactory translation is always possible, but a good translator is never satisfied ………it

c is being said

19 As indicated by the word “free”, free translation (sometimes dynamic

translation) focuses more …… than form in the target language

a on content

20 At the beginning of the 1970s, the focus shifted from the word or phrase ……the text as a unit of translation

c To

21 A consecutive interpreter is one whose job is to change what………

in one language into another language

a has been said

22 “business is business” could be translated ……… as Công việc là công việc, không chen tình cảm vào đây được

d Freely

23 As can be seen from above, the English sentence is mechanically indicated by means of a period/stop (.), a question mark (?) or an exclamation mark (!) – never

by a comma (,) -………

b at the end in writing

24 As for noun phrases (NP), the noun (common noun: love, proper noun: Mai, and pronoun: you) is ………of the phrase

b Head

25 A text could be translated into anything, ranging from one sentence to usually one third of the ………length, depending on specific situations

d original

26 Certain strategies ……… those differences; for example, certain

expressions or key terms in their text-to-be need to be selected

c to deal with

27 compared with ………text, the target language translated text may be

so long, longer, or even shorter and may have new features which may not be found in the source language

a the source language

28 Communicative translation gives high priority to the message communicated inthe text where the actual form of the original is not closely bound to

………

a its intended meaning

29 Concept is used in this section to refer not to the form (word) but only ……… the meaning in any given language

c However

34 English vocabulary mostly consists in single words, but ……… of

multiword vocabulary is not small

a the amount

35 Faced by a text in a language, as student translators, you should analyze the

text by asking and ……….several questions.

c Answering

36 Faithful translation can be described as one kind of translation which tries

………of words and context situation according to the grammar rules of the target language

d to convey the meanings

37 Figurative meaning is based on or makes use of figures of ………such

as metaphor (an implied comparison between two things with the same

a to summarize a written text

40 He or she reformulates the translation according to the grammar rules,

……… , cultural norms in the target language

c Exactly

43 If any key words are ……… , the text will need to be checked carefully for consistency in the change made.

d the translation process

46 In ……… the form of the source language is replaced by the form of the receptor/target language

b Translation

47 In addition………… the changes resulting from the movement from one language to another, translation necessarily changes the receiver or addressee of the text

49 In English, the negation of the verb in the first clause stands for

……… in the following clause

a the negation of the verb

50 In English, the ……… phrase can be used after a verb, an adjective, or a noun and depend on them

c make the translator misunderstand

54 In the other theory of translation, the predominant purpose is……… , but rather moves in its new dress with the same ease as in its native rendering

a to produce a result that does not read like a translation at all

55 In this situation the translator’s task is recreate some form of language

………the same meaning

b to convey

56 In Vietnamese, words that correspond to both lexical ……… grammatical words in English are numerous.

59 It can be said that language cannot exist without words Word

……….is the reflection of human perception of the world

d categorization

60 It goes without saying that all the types of translation mentioned above may

………… justified in particular circumstances

b be

61 It is also very useful for the translator ………and analyze the original text before translating it into the target language

d to understand

62 It is also very useful for the translator to understand and analyze the original text before ………….it into the target language.

a translating

63 It is ……… that in an English sentence the predicate verb (V) be in finite forms, the predicate agreeing with the subject in person and number

b Obligatory

64 It is clear that words are …… of by morphemes For example, the word

“book” has one morpheme and “book-s” two morphemes

68 Practically, whether ………is termed as ‘Translation Theory’ or

‘Translation Studies’ it culminates with the theory on proper principles of

translation

a the study of translation

69 Polysemes can be compared with homonyms, which are words with

several meanings

d Unrelated

70 Remember that all of our verbalizing must be done in the target language now

We must ………… between alternatives and produce a text that is sequentially complete

c Choose

71 Since the mid-1970s the name ‘Translation Studies’ has been adopted to

indicate that the …….………is not just a minor branch of comparativeliterary study, nor yet a specific area of linguistics, but a vastly complex field

b study of translation

72 Semantic translation focuses to a great degree on ……… and form (syntax) of the original texts of high status

d meaning (semantic content)

73 Semantically, the meaning of a word includes a number of meaning

components classified as things, events, attributes or relations which are combined

……… lexical items

d into

74 Sometimes the grammar structure or the form of the words in the target

b on the context

79 The classifications of translation types are many according to different points

of view, based on either structure, function, or ………

b semantics of language

80 The classification of words in Vietnamese does not seem to be so distinctive: word classes do not have their typical forms, their forms never change in the sentence.

d Classification

81 The elements of translation interact as elements achieving one function, in

……each element relates to one or more of the rest

b Which

82 The forms are ……… to as the surface structure of a language

d Referred

83 The language of translation is ……… from the translated text,

reflecting the translator's interpretations, the translator's strategies and the

translator's abilities

b Perceived

84 The language of translation is perceived from the translated text,

……….the translator's interpretations, the translator's strategies and the translator's abilities

b reflecting

85 The linguistic approaches basically ……… translating as a

code-switching operation

c Saw

86 The instructor can then hope to measure the students’ linguistic competence

by

a means of the target language products

87 The linguistic approaches basically saw translating as

………

b a code-switching operation

88 The manner in which the target reader responds to the target text must be the same as that in which the source reader responded to ………

c the source text

89 The meaning of words are translated almost as ……… as those in the target language without paying attention to the situation or context

b closely

90 The number of words and the sentence length may vary, depending on the

……….of the translator when he/she adds explanations or comments to make clear the meaning of the original

a Subjectivity

91 The predominant purpose of theories of translation is ………… of every word and phrase in the original

b to express as exactly as possible the full force and meaning

92 The presentation here is conducted in a systematic manner with ………

restricted interactivity and closeness and much faster than consecutive

interpretation

95 The sentence is structurally made up of a group of words which has subject and

……… as indispensible elements; the complement, object and adverbial are optional:

97 The source-language content, form, style, function, etc must be preserved, or

at least that the translation must seek ………….them as far as possible

a to preserve

98 The stage of editing the translated text which ……… the form of a

careful last-minute checking and correcting of possible mistakes or other

inaccuracies is implemented in most cases of translation

a takes

99 The target language is the language into which ………from

another language is translated

c a text

100 The theory of translation involves normative approaches, putting a strong emphasis on prescribing to translators how to and ………

b how not to translate

101 The three elements of source language, source text, and translator,

theoretically and ……… precede the translated text

c Practically

102 The translated text is the actual definite material, …………has been produced

by conveying the meaning of a source text in terms of another language and

culture

a Which

103 The translated text is the actual definite material, which has been produced by

……… of a source text in terms of another language and culture

c conveying the meaning

104 The translator also has to solve, ………., matters involving text

adjustments in terms of additions, omissions and adaptations

d in mind

105 The translator, like the linguist who ………… all human languages to be on

an equal footing, is among the first candidate to be liberated from the dominance

d the source language

107 The translator begins drafting the translation piece by piece, section

……… by using the lexis and structures

c to find

110 The translator should remember … the zero article with plural count nouns inEnglish to mean generally

c to use

111 The translator discovers the meaning behind the forms in the source language and does his best to produce the same meaning

………

a in the target language

112 The translator has to think over his/her translation to suit a reader according tothe reader’s social norms in the target language, so the language of translation is …

b social

113 The translator must strive for equivalence rather than identity In a sense this

is just another way of emphasizing ……….rather than the conservation

of the form of the utterance

c the reproduction of the message

114 The translator is …………element in translation, since the study of

translation and the language of translation is no more than the study of the

translator’s linguistic ability

a the most important

115 The translator tries to come as close as possible to the meaning conveyed by the words, by means of word order change or word choice so that the true meaning

is ………

b conveyed

116 The translator is supposed to be beyond the influences of the social and

………… environment of any of the two languages

123 Things are defined as all animate beings and all inanimate entities Events

include all actions, processes, ……… experiences.

c And

124 This means that the translator has, ……….the pressure of deadlines,more time than the interpreter (especially the simultaneous interpreter) to process the source text thoroughly

a to relay

127 to translate means “……… a text in a target setting for a target

purpose and target addresses in target circumstances”

b to produce

128 Translation, by dictionary definition, consists of changing from one state or form to another, to turn into ………or another’s language

d one’s own

129 Translation is rendering a written text into another language in a way that the

……… intended the text

b Author

130 Translation it must be conceived as an integral

133 Translation is the ……… of a representation of a text in one language

by a representation of an equivalent text in a second language

b Replacement

134 Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (………), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies

b source language

135 Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (source language),

preserving………

a semantic and stylistic equivalencies

136 Translation may be defined as follows: the replacement of textual material in one language (Source Ianguage.) by ……… in another language (Target

a to produce a comprehensive theory

139 Translation theory includes principles for translating figurative language, dealing with lexical mismatches, rhetorical questions, inclusion of cohesion markers, and

d many other topics crucial to good translation

140 Translation theory includes ……….for translating figurative language, dealing with lexical mismatches, rhetorical questions, inclusion of cohesion markers, and many other topics crucial to good translation

b Principles

141 Translating may be defined as the process of ………signs or representations into other signs or representations

a Transforming

142 Translating must aim primarily at ……….To do anything else is essentially false to one’s task as a translator.

a “reproducing the message.”

143 Translators have to make sure that they ……….a text well in the original language

a case of doubt

147 Translators should use procedures of tranposition to render from the Source Language texts …………as to suit the Target Language grammar rules

c in such ways

148 Typically, two interpreters are placed together in a booth, and they follow an audio-transmission of speeches and ……….

a interpret them directly

149 Verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, interjections, prepositions, articles and pronouns are called parts of ………

153 When a word has one morpheme, the morpheme belongs to the

……… category girl, house, do… which cannot be divided into smaller meaningful units

a Free/root

154 When analyzing the text for translation ……… the first time, the translator needs to find answers to these questions: