ĐỘNG TỪ LIÊN KẾT- LINKING VERBS{Liên động từ linking verb.} ó một nhóm các động từ đặc biệt có chức năng nối giữa chủ ngữ và vị ngữ tính từ.. Không giống các động từ khác, chúng không th
Trang 1I Many adverbs are made from an adjective + -ly:
Abverb: Quickly seriously carefully quietly heavily
Adjective: Fluent special continuos frequent happy
Abverb: Fluently specially continuosly frequently happily
Abverb: nervously perfectly badly completely successfully
Examples:
The driver of the car was seriously injured in the accident.
Our holiday was too short The time went very quickly.
Not all words ending in –ly are adverbs Some adjectives end in –ly,for example:
Lovely lonely lively silly friendly elderly
II Compare the adverbs and the adjectives in the sentence below:
Adjective + noun
Linking verb + adjective (especially be)
Tom is a careful driver.
We didn’t go out because the heavy rain.
Please be quiet.
I as disappointed that the exam result was so bad.
Why do you look so serious?
She speaks perfect Englih.
Adjective+noun
Compare:
Tom looked sad when I saw him.
Ordinary verb + adverb
Be + adverb + adjective
Tom drove carefully a long the road.
We didn’ go out because it was raining heavily Please speak quietly.
I was disappointed that I did so badly in the exam Why do you take me seriously?
She speaks English perfectly.
Verb+object+adverb
Tom looked at me sadly.
III We also use adverbs before adjectives and other adverbs For example:
Resonably cheap (adverb + adjective) Terribly sorry (adverb + adjective)(very) Incredibly quickly (adverb + adverb)
Examples:
It’s a reasonably cheap restaurant and the food is extremely good.
Tom learns language incredibly quickly.
The examination was surprisingly easy.
I’m terribly sorry I didn’t mean to push you
We can also use an adverb before a past participle (injured,organised,written…)
Two people were seriously injured in the accident.
The meeting was very badly organised.
Note:-Incredibly: unbelievably
Trang 2ĐỘNG TỪ LIÊN KẾT- LINKING VERBS
{Liên động từ (linking verb).}
ó một nhóm các động từ đặc biệt có chức năng nối giữa chủ ngữ và vị ngữ tính từ Không giống các động từ khác, chúng không thể hiện hành động Do vậy chúng được bổ nghĩa bởi tính từ chứ không phải phó từ Người ta gọi chúng là liên động từ (linking verbs) Đó là những động từ ở bảng sau:
C
be appear feel become seem look remain sound smell stay taste
Linking Verbs còn được biết đến đơn giản như là các động từ chỉ nhận thức tri giác bổ nghĩa trực tiếp cho chủ ngữ, theo sau luôn là 1 tính từ.
Linking verbs Examples
Be Ex: She is happy
Alice is now a worker
Become They become sad when the news comes
He is determined to become a professor
Children become tired quite easily
They were sorry to see us leave
Remain He remains loyal to his boss even when the company goes into bankruptcy
There remains a big church right in the middle of the village
Stay We stay healthier when we eat more vegetables
Appear She appeared sad at hearing that her father passed away
Seem Nobody seems satisfied with his current job
Sound That sounds a good idea
It sounds terrible
Feel All of us feel distressed when we are sacked unreasonably
Mary feels bad about her test grade
Look He looked angry than ever once he knew his child committed crime
Lucy looks radiant in her new dress
Smell The cat smelt odorous after it swam in a dirty lake
The soup tastes good
The flowers smell sweet
The flowers she bought yesterday smell fragrant
Taste His food tastes fabulous
The soup tastes good
Grow The weather grows colder and colder everyday
Turn She turned sicker because of hard work for the whole month
Get They get indignant at realizing that he is a robber
Liên từ có các tính chất:
• Không diễn đạt hành động mà diễn đạt trạng thái hoặc bản chất sự việc
• Đằng sau chúng phải là tính từ chứ không phải là phó từ
• Không được chia ở thể tiếp diễn dù dưới bất cứ thời nào
Be, become, remain còn có thể đứng trước một cụm danh từ chứ không chỉ tính từ:
Trang 3He remained chairman of the board despite the opposition (noun) Children often become bored at the meetings (adjective)
She become class president after a long campaign (noun) Mary will be happy when she hears the good news (adjective) Ted will be a bridegroom this year (noun)
Feel, look, smell và taste cũng có thể là ngoại động từ khi nó có tân ngữ trực tiếp Trong trường hợp
đó, nó trở thành một động từ mô tả hành động thực sự chứ không còn là một linking verb và do đó
nó được bổ nghĩa bởi phó từ chứ không phải tính từ Chúng được phép chia ở thì tiếp diễn
Exercise - Adjective or Adverb
Write down the correct form of the word in brackets (adjective or adverb).
1 Tom is (slow) He works
2 Sue is a (careful) girl She climbed up the ladder
3 The dog is (angry) It barks
4 He acted (excellent) He's an actor
5 They learn English (easy) They think English is an language
6 Max is a (good) singer He sings
7 It's (awful) cold today The cold wind is
8 Dogs rely on their noses as they can smell (extreme / good) If that is true, why does dog food smell so (terrible) ?
9 The little boy looked (sad) I went over to comfort him and he looked at me
10.I tasted the soup (careful) but it tasted (wonderful)
11.Niagara Falls form a border between the United States and Canada
(natural/naturally)
12.Tourists visit this place (frequently/ frequent)
13.The Falls are very (noisy/ noisily)
14.So you must speak or nobody can understand you (loudly/loud)
15.Many years ago, the Iroquois tribe lived here (peacefully/ peaceful)
16.He is a boy (clever)
17.He is tired because he has worked (hard)
18.He isn’t tired because he has worked (hard)
19.She is a girl (quiet)
20.She went to bed (quiet)
21.He is not a good student but he writes (good)
22.You should speak more (soft)
23.The children behaved (bad)
24.The brave men fought (brave)
25.They lived together (happy)
26.She looks (pretty)
27.That milk tastes (sour)
28.I don’t know where they live (exact)
Trang 429.She turned (pale)
30.This brown fur feels (soft)
31.These children are at English (good)
32.Your brother works at all (hard)
33.Ann had an accident last Sunday (near)
34.Have you been to the cinema (late)
35.Mary always dresses (beautiful)
36.Yes, it was raining for two hours (heavy)
37.He has painted it (nice)
38.What a vworker he is! (quick)
39.He is always very (polite)
40.He is often (nervous)
41.Arthur rode back to the inn (quick)
42.They saw a butterfly on a rose (beautiful)
43.When the teacher heard about the missing book he said :"You should be more careful." (angry)
44.When he told him the truth, he was (quiet)
45."This wound looks ", the doctor said (bad)
46.The boys played so that they won the tournament (good)
47.He was so busy with his new computer that he had time to help his mother (hard)
48."Go and have a rest You shouldn’t work so ." (hard)
49.From the top of the mountain he could see across the countryside (far)
50.What a picture! (beautiful)
51.Arthur fought and they won the battle (good)
52."I love you", Camilla said in a voice (soft)
53.The maid shut the door (quiet)
54.They could hear a cry (terrible)
55.Suddenly he woke up because the phone rang (loud)
56.Jane opened the door (careful)
57.I like driving (fast)
58.She spoke to me very (soft)
59.Paul lay in bed (quiet)
60.He tasted the various kinds of tea (careful)
61.Jane opened the box (careful)
62.Jim turned the book upside down (quick)
63.It is raining (heavy)
64.She dresses (beautiful)
65.Tom looked at my lunch (hungry)
66.Please, drive (careful)
67.He didn’t sleep (good)
68.We didn't hurry So we walked (slow)
69.New York is a city (big)
70.He won the race because he drove (good)
71.It was for me to come (impossible)
Trang 573.She worked all the day She feels (tired)
74.She dresses (pretty)
75.She came home (late)
76.He didn't have an accident because he's an driver (excellent)
77.Sam is good at sports He always runs (fast)
78.His father is a manager He works very (hard)
79.He won a prize He is very (happy)
80.She felt So she stayed at home (ill)
81.The weather was It was cold all the time (bad)
82.The exercise wasn't difficult So we did it (easy)
83.The soup is great It tastes (wonderful)
84.He always greets (friendly)
85.Today she skates (good)
86.The party was (wonderful)
87.The house seems to be so without you (empty)
88.Fish and chips taste (fantastic)
89.She drives (careful)
90.She is a nice girl She always answers (polite)
91.I am tired (terrible)
92.The man drove too (fast)
93.She sings (good)
94.Mr Jones wrote the letter (quick)
95.The film was over at o'clock (boring)
96.We ran to school yesterday (quick)
97.I have learned very to pass the exam (hard)
98.Five cars were damaged (heavy)
99.Please read the instructions (careful)
100 The bus driver was (angry)
101 His answer came (surprising)
102 Tom looked at my dinner (hungry)
103 Nobody is (perfect)
104 We played some games (exciting)
105 They talked to him (friendly)
106 She always works (careful)
107 Ann often behaves in school (bad)
108 He is often very (nervous)
109 He works very (good)
110 This steak tastes (great)
111 She looked at me (angry)
112 She looks (pretty)
113 They skate (good)
114 He was very that he won the race (happy)
115 That sounds (great)
116 The doctor felt his leg (gentle)
117 There was a storm yesterday night (heavy)
Trang 6118 I like roses They smell (good)
119 Their son is (silly)
120 The cat's fur felt and (soft / warm)
121 This lady has a voice (loud)
122 2 Jack always speaks (loud)
123 3 Mary waits in the doctor's waiting room (patient)
124 4 Dad was quite yesterday (sleepy)
125 Jim picked up the phone and spoke (quiet)
126 Mary works (careful)
127 Jack is often (happy)
128 Nelly walked around (nervous)
129 That man is a person (nervous)
130 Susan and George work (slow)
131 Jill runs to school (fast)
132 Tom runs home (quick)
133 His story sounds (strange)
134 Paul is a policeman He has a job (dangerous)
135 The dog is always (hungry)
136 The boys play tennis (good)
137 They are tennis players (good)
138 Frank sings (good)
139 Sandra speaks French (perfect)
140 This pullover was (expensive)
141 She looked for the purse (careful)
142 Paul walked home (sad)
143 Father spoke (angry)
144 She doesn't like sports So she does any sports (hard)
145 He is never (late)
146 She phoned me once a week But she didn't (late)
147 They did their homework (bad)
148 I must work (hard)
149 I don't like her pictures She paints (terrible)
150 She likes the dress It looks (modern)
151 Lucy is shy, so she cannot make friends (easy)
152 The dog looked , so we gave him some food (hungry)
153 There was long applause because she sang (beautiful)
154 I asked her why she was but she didn’t tell me (sad)
155 They spoke because the baby was asleep (quiet)
156 My aunt is a driver (slow)
157 Was the exercise ? (easy)
158 He could swim across the river (easy)
159 You don’t look very Are you ill? (good)
160 He drives too (dangerous)
161 This is my car (new)
Trang 7163 Take an umbrella It’s raining (heavy)
164 What a day! (beautiful)
165 She is a tennis player but her brother plays (bad / good)
Fill in the gap with a suitable word:
arrogant badly beautiful beautifully boring clever
different easily friendly good interesting nice well
We have got a lot of pupils in our class Here are some of them: Sally is a
girl because she always gets good marks and she also plays the guitar very
The boys think Sandra is even and she is the most girl, too But the girls don’t like her because they think she is and plays volleyball
Everybody likes Pat because he is and at playing football And he also plays the saxophone very The most pupil is Cindy She is tall, good looking and all the boys fall in love with her She is very clever and she doesn't talk as as a lot of our other girl
-THE