Copyright, Children's Research Triangle, 2 006Fetal Alcohol Syndrome “The offspring of alcoholics have been found defective not because of alcoholism of the parents but because the paren
Trang 1Substance Abuse and
Trang 2Alcohol
Syndrome
Trang 3Copyright, Children's Research Triangle, 2 006
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
“The offspring of alcoholics have been found
defective not because of alcoholism of the
parents but because the parents themselves
came from a defective stock.” (Journal
American Medical Association, 132:419, 1946)
Trang 4Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome:
The Older Child
Trang 6Diagnostic Criteria
I Growth retardation
II Facial malformations (>1): short palpebral fissures, thin
upper lip, flat elongated philtrum, hypoplastic midface
III Neurodevelopmental disorder
FAS Confirmed or unconfirmed history of prenatal alcohol exposure
Meets criteria in all three categories: I, II, III
ARND Confirmed history of prenatal alcohol exposure
Meets criteria in III
NIAAA
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FASD
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
“an umbrella term describing the range of effects that can
occur in an individual whose mother drank during pregnancy These effects may include physical,
mental, behavioral, and/or learning disabilities with possible lifelong implications.”
Bertrand et al, 2004
Trang 8Epicanthal folds folds
Flat nasal bridge
Low set ears
Flat philtrum
Receding jaw Thin upper lip
Short, upturned nose
Flattened midface
Short palpebral
fissures
Microcephaly
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Risk Factors
Dose of alcohol
Pattern of exposure - binge vs chronic
Developmental timing of exposure
Genetic variation
Maternal characteristics
Interaction with nutritional variables
Synergistic reactions with other drugs
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Information Processing
Deficit Model
Four domains of information processing
Input (recording information)
Integration (interpreting input)
Memory (storing input for later use)
Output (appropriate use of language and motor
skills)
Trang 12Corpus Callosum
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Cerebral Dysmorphology
and motor memory information problems
share information reach
cious level
related to survival feeding,
fleeing, mating
Trang 14Secondary Disabilities
Trang 15Copyright, Children's Research Triangle, 2 006
Trang 16Problems in Behavioral
Regulation
lack of behavioral inhibition
poor attention to tasks
impulsive behavior
distractibility
over activity
poor modulation of affect
poor executive functioning
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Children need:
One adult who will always be there
Words with which to characterize and express their emotions
Protection from exposure to violence
Inductive discipline
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Trang 20 Expresses denial of love and expression of
hate by neglect, harshness, brutality, strictness
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Designing Therapeutic Child Care for Women in Recovery
Address conflicts between treatment and
Trang 22Designing Therapeutic Child Care for Women in Recovery
Parenting cannot be taught: parenting is a
relationship with history
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Parent/Child Activities:
Toy Making
Mothers learn what is developmentally appropriate for the child.
Builds fine motor activities in the women.
Eye contact is not required for women in early
recovery.
Mothers experience feelings of esteem, success in final product.
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Parent Support Groups
Expressed concerns
Problem-solving approach
Genograms
Trang 26Dyadic Therapy
Videotaping
Neurobehavioral assessments
Family literacy activities
Participation in child classroom