Diễn tả một hành động sự việc đã xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ.. Diễn tả hành động có tính thói quen trong quá khứ.. * Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian thường dùng trong thì quá khứ đơn giả
Trang 1UNIT 15:COMPUTERS
I Thì quá khứ đơn giản.
a Động từ “ TOBE”:* Nghĩa tiếng Việt: Thì, là, ở.* Có 2 dạng : was / were
b Động từ thường Lưu ý: Các chủ ngữ đều chia như nhau.
* Cấu trúc: : S + V –d, ed / V (cột 2) trong bảng động từ bất quy tắc….
* Cách dùng:
a Diễn tả một hành động sự việc đã xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ
VD: I watched TV last night
My family went to Paris last summer
b Diễn tả hành động có tính thói quen trong quá khứ
VD: He played tennis on Sunday last year
He worked in this factory from 1975 to 1990
* Cách đọc đuôi động từ ở thì qúa khứ với đuôi “ed”.
- ed được đọc là / t/ khi động từ nguyên thể có âm tận cùng là / f /, / k /, / p /, / s/ hoặc chữ cái tận cùng là
“ch” hoặc “sh”
VD: laughed, asked, helped, pushed, dressed, produced, watched …
- ed được đọc là / id / khi những động từ nguyên thể có chữ cái tận cùng là t và d
VD: needed, wanted, wanted, added …
- ed được đọc là / d / khi những động từ nguyên mẫu là các âm còn lại
VD: enjoyed, lived, filled, seemed
* Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian thường dùng trong thì quá khứ đơn giản
- yesterday, yesterday morning / afternoon/ evening
- last night / week / month / year - last + thứ trong tuần : Monday, Tuesday …
- last + mùa trong năm: summer … - in + năm : 1978, 2008 …
- khoảng thời gian + ago ( a week ago, two days ago ….)
6 Thì hiện tại hoàn thành.
* Cấu trúc:
Thể khẳng định: I / You / We / They / danh từ số nhiều + have + P.P …
He / She / It / danh từ số ít + has + P.P …
* Cách dùng:
a Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ, kéo dài đến hiện tại thường dùng với since, for.
VD: They have lived here for ten years
Lan has learned English since she was six years old
Lưu ý : For + khoảng thời gian / Since + điểm thời gian VD:
* Để đặt câu hỏi cho cụm từ “ since …, for …” dùng từ để hỏi “ HOW LONG”
How long + have / has + S + P.P … ?
VD: How long have you lived here?
How long has your father worked in this factory?
b Diễn tả hành động, sự việc xảy ra trong quá khứ không xác định được thời gian co thể dùng với already, just, ever, yet
Lưu ý: Yet chỉ dùng ở thể phủ định và nghi vấn; never dùng trong thể khẳng định mang nghĩa phủ định.
VD: I have seen that film./ Lam has been in China
c Diễn tả hành động lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần trong quá khứ
VD: We have seen this play many times
* Chú ý: Trong câu thường có các trạng từ: already, not…yet, so far, up to now, lately, recently, since, for,
never, this/ it is the first / second time… , several times / 3 times…
* So sánh giữa 2 thì Quá khứ và thì hiện tại hoàn thành
I.Thì HTHT và QKT:
1.+ QKT: Dtả HĐ đã hoàn thành ở Qk và có xác định rõ thời gian:
I met him yesterday + HTHT : Dtả HĐ xảy ra ở Qk mà ko xác định rõ thời gian:
I have met him somwhere She has lost her keys
2.+ QKT: diễn tả HĐ đã hoàn thành trong khoảng thời gian trong QK, ko còn liên quan đến HTại nữa
She taught in that school for 6 years
+ HTHT: diễn tả HĐ đã hoàn thành trong khoảng thời gian bây giờ chưa qua
Trang 2I have seen him this morning 3.HTHT: diễn tả HĐ bắt đầu trong quá khứ và còn tiếp tục đến Htại
We have learned English for 3 years
4.HTHT: diễn tả HĐ bắt đầu trong quá khứ và dừng lại ở lúc nói
I haven’t seen you for ages
HTHT thường được dùng để truyền đạt 1 thông tin mới Nhưng nếu tiếp tục nói về điều đó, thông thường ta
sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn
Ex: A: Ow! I’ve burnt myself
B: How did you do that?
A: I picked up a hot dish
5.+HTHT thường dùng với các từ như : just, ever, never, always, since, for, yet, already
+ QKT: thường dùng với các từ như : last, ago
Exercises:
I Fill in the blanks with yet or already.
1 She has ………… finished her exams
2 Jane has …………had lunch
3 I haven’t read today’s newspaper ………
4 They have ………… mailed the letter 5 Have you phone Mark ………….?
6 Has she paid the bill ………….?
7 Have you been to Thai Lan…………?
8 I have ……… bought a ticket for the concert 9 The plane has ……….left the airport 10 Has the game finished ………… ?
II Choose the word (a, b, c, or d) that best fits each of the blank spaces. Dear Anya, At the moment, I’m in London with Jane and Aunt Grace and we have (21) had a lovely meal We’re having a great time We have (22) _seen the Tower and Buckingharn Palace We haven’t been to Madame Tussaud’s (23) ,but we’re going to go tomorrow I must go now Jane has (24) said she wants to go shopping again I don’t know what she’s going to buy - she has (25) spent most of her money on clothes and she hasn’t bought any presents(26) ! See you soon Love, Eric 1 a already b just c yet d a&c 2 a already b just c yet d a&b 3 a already b just c yet d a&b 4 a already b just c.yet d b&c 5 a already b just c.yet d b&c 6 a already b just c.yet d a&b III Make sentences using the present perfect with already or yet. 1 My son / start / talking/………
2 You / see/ that film?………
3 They / not/ sell / all the tickets/.………
4 My father / buy / new expensive car/.………
5 She / go / Brazil/?………
6 They / make/ good new record/ ………
7 She / not / reply / my letter/ ………
8 You / see / the president………
IV Chia đt trong ngoặc:
1 I (see)………… her before
2 I (see) ……….her last year
3 Tom (never be)………… in Hanoi
4 I (read)……… the novel written by Jack London several times before
5 What……… you (do) ………yesterday?
6 …… You (watch)……… TV last night?
7 She (be)……… born in 1980
8 He (write)………… a book since last year
9 Mr Green (teach) …………English in this school since he (graduate)………… from the university in 1986
10 How long ………you (learn) …………English?
Trang 311 She (win) ……… the gold medal in 1986.
12 I (go) …………to the cinema last night
13 I (not see)……… him for two months
14 We (be) ……….friends for more than ten years
15 ………… (you/ ever/ win) a competition?
V Complete the dialogues using Present perfect or past simple
1 A:……….(you/ see) the Titanic yet?
B: Yes, I ………(see) it in 1999
2 A: What ……… (you/ do)…… lastnight?
B: I ………(have) some coffee with my frieds
3 A: I like my job very much
B.How long……….(work/ you) there?
4 A: ………(you / hear) anything from Ann?
B No, I ………(not / receive) any letters from her since we ………….(leave) school
5 A: ……….(you/ ever /take) in underground train in London
B: Yes, I ……….(take) it last month
VI.Choose the correct answer:
1 I’m having problems……… my computer
2 Oh, yes I haven’t connected it ……….
3 Many people are skeptical ………… the use of computers
4 The printer is still……… guarantee so the company will replace it.
5 You can read this instruction how to repair it in the………….
6 Let’s……… the company to tell them about the problem
7* ‘‘ What was wrong with your computer ? ’’ It…………
A didn’t work B doesn’t work C hasn’t work D won’t work
8* ‘‘ I think computers are good for us ’’ _‘‘………’’
A I think so B.I also think that C so am I D so do I
9** ‘‘ Can you tell me what………to your family last night ? ’’
10** All the information found in a library is now……in a computer
VII Write the correct tense of the verbs in parentheses (Hãy viết thì đúng của động từ trong ngoặc):
1 What ……… her roommates (do) last Sunday ?
2 Hinh (have) lost of good marks last week
3 Their friends (not go) to the concert last night
4 Where her family (be) last summer vacation?
5 His father (carry) ……….it home by truck yesterday evening
6 Ben (be) in Finland four months ago
7 My sisters (water) the strees at the moment
8 Where …… they (go) ……… next Sunday afternoon?
VIII Supply the correct tense, Present Perfect or Simple Past, of the verbs in parentheses
1 When we last saw her, she (be) in good health
2 He (do) a lot of work recently?
3 Mrs Pike (be) with her company for twenty years now
4 As soon as she (save) one hundred million dongs, she will retire from work
5 When she was a little girl, every weekend (seem) ideal
6 Dr John’s patient’s condition (improve) considerably sine yesterday morning
7 I shall wait until they (finish) repairing their car
8 His uncle (serve)……… in the army from 1975 to 1985
9 Mickey (study)……… computer for six months last year
Trang 410 We ever (ask)……… ourselves what really makes life beautiful
IX Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.
X Choose the word or phrase that best completes each unfinished sentence below or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase.
6 Tom has had lunch, so he isn’t very hungry
7 Marie ,at the age of 86, in 1964
8 The little girl’s tooth came when she bit into the apple
9 He has no idea how to manage people
10 Ann no longer works here
11 Peop1e were warned to stay _the streets
12 Our baby to talk yet
a doesn’t start b didn’t start c hasn’t started d isn’t starting
13 is the part of a country with hills and mountains
14 Please _ the TV before you go to bed
15 He took the early flight London
XI Choose the word (a, b, c, or d) that best fits each of the blank spaces.
Computers are very (21) , but they also can (22) _ problems One kind of problem is with the computer’s memory It is not perfect, so (23) computers lose (24) information (25) _ problem is with the machinery Computers are machines, and (26) _can break down When computers break down, they (27) erase information, like chalk on a blackboard Or they may stop doing anything at all And there is another different kind of problem with computers Some doctors say they may
be bad for your (28) _ They say you should computers all day
21 a Useful b careful c helpful d a&c
24 a boring b interesting c important d amusing
26 a computers b machines c problem d information
XII Read the following passage and choose the item (a, b, c, or d) that best answers each of the questions about it.
The first computers were very large machines Now computers come in all shapes and sizes There were still big computers for companies or universities There are other special computers for factories These large computers tell the factory machines what to do But there are also small personal computers to use at home or in an office There are even computers in telephones, television sets, and cars These computers
have to be very small They are so small you cannot even see all their parts.
29 The first computers were _
a tiny b huge c in all shapes and sizes d all are correct
30 There are computers
Trang 5a for companies and universities b to use at home
c in telephones, television sets, and cars d all are correct
31 What does the word ‘they’ in line 7 refer to?
32 What is the passage written about?
a old computers b modern computers c computers’ shapes d computers’ sizes
33 Which of the following is true?
a The first computers were very large
b Nowadays, there are only small computers
c All modern computers are so small that you cannot see all their parts
d Modern computers have the same size
ÔN KIỂM TRA HỌC KỲ II
I Choose the word or phrase that best completes each unfinished sentence below
1 The weather nice yesterday a is b was c will d has been
2 It's difficult your direction.a to follow b following c to following d followed
3 Would you mind in the front of the Taxi, Mark?a sit b to sit c, sitting d siting
4 The boy over there is my brother a stand b stood c standing d being stood
5 I was cooking for dinner
a Then the phone rang b then the phone was ringing
c When the phone rang d when the phone was ringing
6 The leader said that to award the prize to you a He is pleasing / b he was pleasing
c he is pleased d he was pleased
7 On Christmas Eve, people often a tree a are decorated b, were decorated
c decorating d decorate
8 He asked me a Where I like coffce or not b, Whether I liked coffce
c What I liked coffce d, Which I liked coffce
9 What's was wrong with your printer?a It didn't work/ b, It's doesn't / c, It hasn't work d, It won't work
10 The Statue of Liberty was to the USA by the french
a contructed b, designed c, completed d, presented
11 Cool the burns immediately so as to tissue damage
12 Milk bottles can be after being cleaned
13 The old lamp in china is five dollars
14 Millions of christmas eards every year.A were sent B are sent C send D is sending
15 He had his father his watch A fixed B fixing C to fix D fix
16 He asked me a driving licence.A if I have/ B whether I have/ C if I had /D whether I have had
17 The 23rd Seagams _in the Philippenes a will hold b will held c would be held d is held
18 She asked me if I _pop music a like b to like c will like d liked
19 I it 5 years ago a have seen b saw c was seeing d am seeing
20 It's very kind you to help me a for b at c off d of
21 Would you mind I smoked here a When b that c if d for
22 I don't know how _the game a playing b to play c player d can I play
23 She fell off a bike and her head on the road A.hited B.hit C.hitted
24 you like a cup of coffee? Yes, please A.could B.do C.would
25.It is difficult all the in structions at the same time A.to remember B.remember C.remembering
26.Would you mind for a few minutes ?
27.Would you mind if I a photo ?A.take B.took C.taking D.to take 28.Do you mind if I here ? A.to sitting B.to sit C.sit D sitting
29.Let’s the festival together A.going B.to go C go D went
30.Angkor Wat should really as wonder because it is the largest temple in the world
31.He told me to do in that situation A.how B where C when D what 32.I will try to the printer for you.A.correct B do C fix D.correcting
Trang 633.How long a teacher ? For three years now A.are you B have you been C.were you 34.The weather was fine so we decided to go foot A.on B by C with
35 Have you ……… Any news about Lan since her bike accident a/ heard b/ hearing c/ hear
36 We ………dinner when he arrived yesterday evening.A/ were having b/ is having c/ are having
37 Mai asked her friend………shopping a/ goes b/ to go c/ go
38 I have known her……… two years A/ with b/ for c/ since
39 would you mind…… the window a/ open b/ opening c/ opened
40 ……… is often called “ THE WINDY CITY”.a/ San Francisco b/ Chicago c/ Hawaii
41 The table……….of wood is more expensive than plastics.a/ makes b/ made c/ make
42 The old car tires are ………to make pipes and floor coverings.a/ reused b/ reduced c/ recycled
43 How many ………do you celebrate in your country ?a/ festivals b/ festival c/ festivanl 44.I can see a boy……….a water buffalo A ride B.riding C.to ride D.rode
45 Would you mind……….the windows A to close B.close C closing D.closed
48 How about………….to Thai Binh Market ? A.going B.to go C went D.gone
49 I was reading ………my sisters were playing with their dolls.A When B WhileC at which D at time
50 Millions of christmas card…… every year A.were sent B.send C is sending D are sent 51.The pyramid of cheops is one of the seven…………of the world
A Pyramids B Temples C Landmarks D wonders
52 They had the porter ………their luggage A carry B.carrying C to carry D carried
53 I take part……… most youth activities of my school A.of B.on C in D to
54 It’s dangerous ……… in this river A to swim B swim C swimming D swam
55.She hasn't finished the letter a)already b)just c)yet d)never
56 Lan is studying hard pass the final exam a)for b)in order to c)so to d)as to
57 It's too cold outside Would you mind the window? a)to close b)close c)closed d)closing
58 Would you like to the movies tonight?
Sorry, I can't I my homework this evening a)am doing b)do c)will do d)doing
59 The teacher to the principal is in charge of my class a) talks b) is talking c) talking d) to talking
60 The bike in Japan is $ 100.(making, made,is making, to make)
61.We dinner when the phone rang.a)are having b)had c)have had d)were having
62 Color television by John Logie Bard in 1982.a)invented/ b)was invent /c)was invented d)has invented
63 He said that he for a car company.a)worked b)worksc)is working d)has worked
64 " Do you know where ?" – "No, he didn't say" a)Tom has gone c) did Tom go d)Tom went
65 …… another cup of tea ,Janet?A Will you like B did you like C would you like D You would like
66 The woman ……… a new shirt is Mrs Lan A made B making C to make D to mading
67 I finished housework while my mother … dinner A.cook B to cook C was cooking D is cooking
68 The first prize ……… To the Me Kong team just after the final match yesterday
A.award B was awarded C awarding D is awarded
69 I was in such a hurry that I left one of my bags A.out B behind C.on D in
70 I’d love to go to the theatre to night, …… I’m too busy A.but B.and C.because D if
71 I’m bored A.Let’s play a game B let’s to play a game
C let’s playing a game D.let play a game
72 I don’t know table-tennes.can you show me?
A.what to play B how to play C how play D how to playing
73.Shoes and sandals are from recycled old car tires a make b made c maked d to make
74 It is fun T.V a to watch b watching c watched d watch
75 My school will be next year a building b to build c built d builded
76 Would you mind the windows ? a open b.to open c opening d opened
77 He .a new computer on his birthday by his mother a gave b hasgiven c given d.was given
78 Glass should be collected and sent to factories for a.recycling b.reducing c refilling d reusing
79 I promise I video games any time a will play b play c won’t play d/ to play 80.They were .to repair the table a tell b told c.to tell d telling
81 We should reuse cloth bags of plastic bags a instead b besides c apart d without
82 In the world , million of papers away every day a thrown b is throwing c are thrown d threw
83 He many old books for 5 years a recycled b is recycling c has recycled d will recycle
84 They mashed into small pieces last week a was b.were c is d are
Trang 75 .means not buying products which are overpackaged a Reduce b Reuse c Recycle d Repeat
6 To prepare for the new year , I my house again since last month
a paint b painted c have painted d.has painted
7 The used plastic bottles with water several times yesterday
a washed b is washed c are washed d were washed
8 It is dangerous quickly in the Tet holiday a driving b drove c to drive d driven
9 I am that you passed your English exam a please b happily c happy d friendly
10 I am looking forward to you on next Sunday a meeting b meet c met d will meet
11 The liquid into new glassware a is blown b blew c is blowing d are blown
12 The empty bottles and the factories for recycling
a collected – sent b collected – are sent c are collected – sent d collect – send
13 We are ready the environment a clean b cleaned c cleaning d to clean
14 Shoes from old tires to safe money
15 We should study English better so as a good job
16 Do you mind if Lan that book away ?
17 Would you mind the door ?
18.It raining an hour ago
a start b started c has started d starts
19 I in Danang several years
20 We Tom and Mary since last TET holiday
a don’t see b didn’t see c hasn’t d haven’t seen
II/ Đọc đoạn văn và làm các bài tập.
The position with computer is very similar today A few years ago, computers (1) very large and expensive Business managers and rich people ordered them but they (2) know how to use them In many countries, however the situation (3) now completely changed A lot of people not only own microcomputers but also know how (4) them
a Chọn từ đúng cho mỗi chỗ trống
b Trả lời câu hỏi sau:
1 What were computers like a few years ago?
2 How about the computers now?