TỪ VỰNG, NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP CHI TIẾT THEO UNIT 15 TIẾNG ANH 12

WHILE YOU READ Throughout much of the history of human civilization, deep-seatedcultural beliefs allowed women only limited roles in society.. The struggle for women’s rights - the right

UNIT 15: WOMEN IN SOCIETY

phân biệt đối xử

sự phân biệt đối xử

home-making (n) /'houm,meikiɳ/ công việc nội trợ/ chăm sóc gia

đình

intellectual (adj) /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl/ (thuộc) trí tuệ

involvement (n) /ɪnˈvɑːlvmənt/ sự tham gia

struggle (v) /ˈstrʌɡl/ đấu tranh

civilization (n) /ˌsɪvələˈzeɪʃn/ nền văn minh

civilization (n) /,sivilai'zeiʃn/

civilize (v) /'sivilaiz/

nền văn minhkhai hóa, giáo hóadeep-seated /'di:p'si:tid/ ăn sâu, lâu đời, thâm căn cố đế

resentful (adj) /ri'zentful/ of/ at/

thinker (n) /'θiɳkə/iɳkə/ nhà tư tưởng

Play a part/ role in society đóng vai trò trong xã hội

Consider her as the heroine: coi cô

ấy như nữ anh hùng

Consider N to V

Be discriminated against on the

basis of their sex

phân biệt đối xử vì giới tính

Gain (significant legal) right có được quyền lợi (hợp pháp to

lớn)

B READING

I BEFORE YOU READ

Match pictures and names with their identifications

II WHILE YOU READ

Throughout much of the history of human civilization, deep-seatedcultural beliefs allowed women only limited roles in society Many peoplebelieved that women’s natural roles were as mothers and wives Thesepeople considered women to be better suited for childbearing andhomemaking rather than for involvement in the public life of business orpolitics Widespread doubt about women’s intellectual ability led mostsocieties to deny education, employment and many legal and politicalrights to women It was men who controlled most positions ofemployment and power in society

The struggle for women’s rights - the rights that establish the same social, economic, and political status for women as for men - began in the 18th century during a period known as the Age of Enlightenment During this period, political philosophers in Europe began to argue that all individuals, male or female, were born with natural rights that made them free and equal These pioneer thinkers advocated that women should not be discriminated against on the basis of their sex

Today, although their status varies in different countries, women in most parts of the world have gained significant legal rights The most important of these are: the right to have equal work opportunities and pay to men, the right to vote, and the right to formal education

Task 1: Give the Vietnamese equivalents to the following Words and phrases.

1 human civilization

2 childbearing

3 involvement

4 Age of

Enlightenment

5 deep-seated cultural

beliefs

6 homemaking

7 intelleclual ability

8 equal work

opportunity

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Task 2: Choose the best option A, B, C or D to answer the

following questions.

1 According to the text, what was the main role traditionally accorded to women?

A working in education

B building houses

C taking care of the house and family

D working in factories

2 Before the 18 th century, what was the attitude of societies towards women’s intellectual ability?

A to free women from housework

B to establish a friendly relationship between men and women

C to bring equality between men and women

D to argue that women have better intellectual ability

4 What do “these pioneer thinkers’” at the end of paragraph 2 refer to?

A 18th century European people

B 18th century European political philosophers

C 18th century European women

D 18th century European politicians

5 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the last paragraph

as one of women’s legal rights today?

A the right to hold property

B the right to equal pay

C equal employment opportunity rights

D the right to vote

Task 3: Choose the best title for the passage.

A Intellectual Ability

B The Age of Enlightenment

C Women’s Rights

D Women’s Role in Education

III AFTER YOU READ

Throughout most of Western history, women were confined to thedomestic sphere, while public life was reserved for men In medieval

Europe, women were denied the right to own property, to study, or to participate in public life At the end of the 19th century in France, women were still compelled to cover their heads in public, and, in parts of Germany, a husband still had the right to sell his wife

Even as late as the early 20th century, women in the United States could neither vote nor hold elective office Women were prevented from conducting business without a male representative who might be their fathers, brothers, husbands, legal agents, or even sons Married women could not exercise control over their own children without the permission

of their husbands Moreover, women had little or no access to education and were barred from most professions

Women have always had lower status than men, but the extent of the gap between sexes varies across cultures and time In 1980, the U.N summed up the burden of this inequality: women comprise half of the world’s population, do two thirds of the world’s work, but earn one tenth

of the world’s income, and own one hundredth of the world’s property Women in the U.S., however, have joined together to create the so-called

“Women’s Liberation Movement.” Thanks to the development of effective birth-control methods and of mechanized labor-saving devices for the home, women have more freedom in life Their role in society on that women should have a bigger role than what was thought they should have

Women have made vast improvements in their lifestyles They are holding high positions in governments, universities and businesses Without women, a man wouldn’t have the comfort of someone by his side through rough and bad times Regardless, women will always be important to society because they bring a lot of love and emotion to life

* Find the word or phrase in the passage that means

1 being forced to do something

2 becoming popular

3 using your power or influence

4 saying “no”

………

………

………

………

5 prevented from doing

something

………

* Read the following statements and decide which statements are true (T) or false (F) 1 In medieval Europe, women were allowed to participate in public life 2 In Germany, a husband could sell his wife 3 At the end of the 19th century, women in the U.S didn’t have the right to own property 4 The “Women’s Liberation Movement” brought freedom to women 5 Women have been a great comfort to men …………

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B GRAMMAR ………

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PRACTICE EXERCISES

I Fill in each blank with an appropriate word from the box.

advocate discriminate civilization deep-seated

childbearing involvement potential intellectual equality

status

1 The project needs full from all members of the group

2 The women are demanding true with the men in the

company

3 He claims he was racially against when he applied for the job

4 Signing for a top club would enable him to fulfil his true

5 Heart specialists strongly low cholesterol diets

6 Doctors have traditionally enjoyed high social

7 is the process of being pregnant and giving birth to

children

8 Education stimulates the development of children

9 Many people in the community have a distrust of the police

10 Art and music are among the great products of human

II Complete the passage with the correct form of the word in brackets.

Throughout history, women have had (1) (responsible) for healing the sick

However, it is only in (2) (compare) recent times that they have been allowed totrain as doctors at (3) (medicine) schools in Britain Yet in that short time, theyhave made an enormous (4) (contribute) to modern medicine The first femaledoctors were priestesses who gave advice about diseases and (5) (injure)andprepared medicines In ancient Rome, women healers were considered (6) (skill)and respected

In Britain, for centuries male doctors were (7) (suspect) of women whopracticed medicine (8) ;(profession) and in 1512 a law was passed making it (9) (legal) for them to do so Women couldn’t study medicine at universities until the

19th century and they only began to gain (10) (equal) with male doctors in the 20thcentury

III Complete the sentences with the correct form of these phrasal verbs.

come up with face up to get through with keep away from look forward tocatch up with went back on drop in on look back on look up tocut down on go up to make up for put up with look down on

1 I saw Mike at the party, so I him and said hello

2 You’ll have to work very hard today to _the time you wastedyesterday

3 I should my problems and not try to avoid them

4 ‘I haven’t seen the Grants for a long time Let’s them this evening.’

5 Be careful! That’s an electric fence it

6 I’m feeling happy I’m really seeing my family again

7 I’m trying to coffee I drink far too much of it

8 Children usually his older brothers and sisters

9 He his promise to tell nobody about this

10 ‘What time do you expect to your homework?’ ‘In about an hour.’

11 Tom was a long way behind the other runners, but he managed to them

12 I left the job because I couldn’t my boss a moment longer

13 He had an unhappy childhood and he never it with any pleasure

14 Small boys often little girls and refuse to play with them

15 I think we should follow Tom’s suggestion Nobody has a betterplan

IV Put in the correct prepositions or adverbs Note that sometimes two words are required

1 Burglars broke the house and stole some jewellery?

2 He wanted to talk to me but I kept working and refused tolisten

3 How can we get the problem?

4 I never eat sushi I don’t care it at all

5 The man walked so fast that the child couldn’t keep him

6 , Children have a natural inclination to look their parents

7 It was my first flight I was nervous as the plane took

8 The authority should look the matter carefully

9 Children, you must clear this mess before going to bed 10.Environmental groups have called an end to the destruction

of the rainforests

11.‘When did you get home?’ ‘A couple of days ago I hadplanned

to stay a little longer, but I ran money

12.I don’t know how you put the noise; it would drive me mad 13.She’s not a well-known singer Not many people have heard her

14.You must carry the instructions on the packet exactly

15.Hellen was going away We went tq the station with her to seeher

V Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first.

1 Let’s look at the new plan alongside the old one

4 You’re too young to stop working.

give _

5 I haven’t got any money left

I have run;

6 You should just ignore anything Mike says

9 They’ve made luxury apartments out of the old hospital

They’ve turned _

10 Two boys were begging money from tourists, (asked)

asking

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges

Question 1: Tom: “Sorry, I forgot to phone you last night.”

-Mary: “ ”

A I have nothing to tell you B Oh Poor me!

C Never mind! D You was absent – minded

Question 2: Lan: "Happy birthday! This is a small present for you."

-Nga: “ ”

A What a pity! B How terrible!

C Have a good time! D How beautiful it is! Thanks

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each

of the following questions.

Question 3: As tourism is more developed, people worry about the damage to the flora and fauna of the island

A fruits and vegetables _ B flowers andtrees

C plants and animals D mountains and forests

Question 4: The medical community continues to make progress in

the fight against cancer

A speed B expect more C do better D.treat better

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in

meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 5: We offer a speedy and secure service of transferring money in less than 24

hours

A uninterested B unsure C open D slow

Question 6: The Red Cross is an international humanitarian agency dedicated to

reducing the sufferings of wounded soldiers, civilians and prisoners of war

A happiness B worry and sadness C pain and sorrow D Loss

TEST 1

I Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.

1 a involvement b employment c social d important

2 a position b family c century d politics

3 a philosopher b discriminate c individual d significant

4 a ability b equality c enlightenment d naturally

II Choose a, b, c, or d that best completes each unfinished

sentence, substitutes the underlined part, or has a close

meaning to the original one.

6 A child receives his early from their parents.

a educate b education c educator d educative

7 Birth control methods have women from the endless cycle of

childbearing and rearing

8 Thanks to the women's liberation women can take part in

activities

9 In some most Asian countries women are undervalued and they never

have the same as men

10 is the study or creation of theories about basic things such

as the nature of existence, knowledge, and thought, or about how people should live

Philosophy

11 Mrs Pike is a feminist, who that women should be offered

the same job opportunities as men

votes

12 It is against the law to on the basis of sex, age, marital status, or

race

a suit b discriminate c believe d gain

13 Women's status in different countries and it depends on

the cultural beliefs

15 Many of young people between the ages of 16 and 18 who are

neither in education nor are in danger of wasting their lives

employment

16 On 18 December 1979, the Convention on the Elimination of All

Forms of Discrimination against Women was adopted by United Nations General Assembly

17 When they are at work, employed men work about an hour

more than employed women

18 The women's movement has brought light to areas in

which women do not have equality with men

19 My husband spends far more time helping our three kids

homework and studying for tests than I do

20 My husband and I take turns cleaning the kitchen

depending who gets home from work earlier

a away / to b from / in c up / on d with / for

21 The efforts for the advancement of women have resulted

several respectively achievement in women's life and work

22 The women's movement has affirmed women's rights to

non-discrimination education, employment and economic and social activities

23 The small white flowers are my favorite They give off a wonderful

honey smell that scents the entire garden

24 I couldn't make out what he had talked about because I was not

used to his accent

a stand b understand c write d interrupt

25 I'm sorry I didn't mean to interrupt you Please, go on and finish

what you were saying

26 The firefighters fought the blaze while the crowd was looking on it.

watching

27 I cannot believe Peter and Mary up last week They have

been married for almost fifteen years I hope they get back together

28 It took us over twelve hours to hike over the mountain By the time

we got back to our campsite, I was completely out

29 If you don't have the telephone number now, you can me

up later and give it to me then

30 What does "www" for? Is it short for “world wide web?”

III Error Identification.

31 Several years ago it was even difficult to imagine people talking in

A B C D

34 Women's movements work for the purpose of guaranteeing

women the enjoyment

IV Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.

Today, more and more women are actively participating in socialactivities both in urban and rural areas Specifically, they have shinedbrightly in even many fields commonly regarded as the man's areas such

as business, scientific research and social management In some areas,women even show more overwhelming power than men The image ofcontemporary Vietnamese women with creativeness, dynamism, successhas become popular in Vietnam's society The fact reveals that thegender gap has been remarkably narrowed and women enjoy many moreopportunities to pursue their social careers and obtain success,contributing to national socio-economic development According to Ms,

Le Thi Quy, Director of the Gender/and Development Research Centreunder the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi NationalUniversity, gender equity in Vietnam has reached a high level over thepast decade The rate of Vietnamese women becoming National

Assembly members from the 9th term to the 11th term increased 8.7%,

bringing the proportion of Vietnamese women in authority to 27.3%, thehighest rate in Southeast Asia There is no big gap in the level of literacy

and schooling between men and women Women account for about 37%

of university and college graduates, 19.9% of doctoral degree holdersand 6.7% of professors and associate professors

The legitimate rights of women and children are ensured more thanever before with more complete legal documents including laws,conventions and national action plans, among which the laws on "genderequity" mark a turning-point in the empowerment of women

Mass media also highlights the continued success of women in everyfield and honors their great importance in modern society, helping to doaway with outdated perceptions about traditional women's duties Manyprojects on reproductive health care, children protection, and familyincome improvement jointly conducted by various mass organizations,state agencies and non-governmental organizations have created

favorable conditions for women to become involved.

36 The text is about .

a the changes in the status of Vietnamese women

b the Vietnamese women's liberation

c the Vietnamese sex discrimination

d the discrimination that Vietnamese women have to face

37 Which adjective is not used to describe Vietnamese women?

38 According to the data in the text, .

a Vietnamese women do not take part in authority

b the level of literacy and schooling between men and women in

Vietnam is the same

c there are more women in authority in Vietnam than those in any other countries in Southeast Asia

d there are no female professors in Vietnam

39 Vietnamese women .

a have few opportunities to develop their intellectual ability

b have only shined brightly in doing housework

c cannot do any scientific research

d are ensured their rights with laws, conventions and national action plans

40 Which is not mentioned in the text as a project to create condition

for Vietnamese women?

a Traditional women's duties b Reproductive health care

c Children protection d Family income improvement

V Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.

(41) _ history, women have always aimed for a recognized place

in (42) _ Guided by their own (43) _ of knowledge and expertise,women like Marie Curie in science, Mary Wollstonecraft in literary writing,Simone de Beauvois in philosophical existentialist debate, and MarieStopes, in medicine, to name a few, have brought about (44) _awareness of the role of women in any walks of life These women havehelped redefine and (45) _ the nature of women's place in society.Today the (46) _ of global women's organizations and the impact ofwomen's contributions (47) _ society show that progress has beenmade and the progress in furthering the role of women in society hasbeen some benefit to the (48) _ woman It is true to say that not allwomen have the same need The need of the woman who stays at homeand (49) _ children will differ widely from the woman who worksoutside Nonetheless, in the extensive field of equal opportunities, itwould be good to know that access is given to both with equal measureaccording to the true value of respective abilities It also would be good

to know that the woman at home is recognized as a valued (50) _ ofsociety just as much as the one who deals on business outside the home

41 a Among b Throughout c During d Upon

46 a right b belief c limit d spread

personal

50 a party b competitor c partner d member

3 a history b significant c philosophy d pioneer

5 a believed b considered c advocated d controlled

II Choose a, b, c, or d that best completes each unfinished

sentence, substitutes the underlined part, or has a close

meaning to the original one.

6 To preserve that , it was necessary to preserve the people thathad created it

a civil b civilize c civility d civilization

7 The Prime Minister is to consider changes to sexually laws to enforce equal opportunities

a discriminate b discrimination c discriminatory d.discriminated

8 In former days, women were considered not to be suitable for

becoming a

politician

9 At any competition, everyone is

10 If you have the in an election, you have the legal right to indicate your choice.

12 Not all women can do two jobs well at the same time: rearing

children and working at office

a educating b taking care of c homemaking d giving a birth

13 There have been significant changes in women's lives since the women's liberation movement

natural

14 Childbearing is the women's most wonderful role

a Giving birth to a baby b Having no child

c Bring up a child d Educating a child

15 The forces behind the women's liberation movement vary from culture to culture, from individual to individual

16 Many people still think that women should stay at home and do housework

19 Before we had kids, I used to do more housework than my husband did, but he was working thirteen hour days at the office compared my eight-hour ones.

20 Thomas has often boasted his son's golfing ability

21 Although I did not totally agree feminist's policies, I

certainly admired their audacity, dedication and courage

22 A woman's role in society was defined by the Feminists on whether they were contributors society or not

23 Alice opened the door and found that it to a small passage

24 I didn't get to see the end of that mystery movie on TV last night How did it out?

25 Jack is having his lawyer up the contract to make sure that all of the legalities are properly dealt with

26 When you are finished using the computer, can you please it off

27 When the alarm went off, everyone proceeded calmly to the

emergency exits

28 Look out There is a rattlesnake under the picnic table!

Watch

29 Mrs Jones's husband passed away fast Friday We are all shocked

by the news

a got married b divorced c died d were

on business

30 If you do not understand the word "superstitious," look it up in the dictionary

a find its meaning b write it c draw it d note it

III Choose the sentence which has the closest meaning to the original one.

31 It is really important to have friends whom you can count on

a You should have reliable friends whom you can trust

b You should not contact with friends who make use of you

c Some friends may make your feelings hurt

d Do not believe in any friends

32 We will set off tomorrow

a We will have to postpone our trip tomorrow

b Tomorrow will be a good day for us to go

c We will leave the place tomorrow

d We will arrive home tomorrow

33 Despite her age, she gets about easily

a She is too old to do anything easily

b Because she is old, she cannot go anywhere

c Although she is old, she can travel easily

d Her age prevents her from going from place to place

34 "I will ring you up after I get home." Peter said to Mary

a Peter promised to give Mary a wedding ring after he got home

b Peter asked Mary to pay him a visit after he' got home

c Peter promised to visit Mary after he got home

d Peter promised to telephone Mary after he got home

35 The criminals got away in spite of the efforts of the police

a Without the efforts of the police, the criminals would have escaped

b Even though the police made their efforts, the criminals escaped

c Thanks to the efforts of the police, the criminals were imprisoned

d The criminals were caught because of the efforts of the police