Unit 2 và bài tập

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GRAMMAR REVISION: Tense revision and Sequence of tenses

A Tense revision (2)

1 Present perfect continous ( Subject + has/have been + Ving)

 Cách dùng:

a) Diễn tả hành động xảy ra ở quá khứ còn kéo dài đến hiện tại, đặc biệt với ý nhấn mạnh vào tính liên tục của hành động

Ex : She has been teaching here for 10 years

b) Diễn tả hành động kéo dài trong quá khứ vừa mới chấm dứt

Ex: He must be tired He has been working really hard for the exam

 Sự khác nhau giữa thì hiện tại hoàn thành đơn và thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

 Khi nhấn mạnh tính hoàn tất của hành động, ta dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành đơn; khi muốn nhấn mạnh vào tính liên tục của hành động, ta dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

Ex: I have watched this movie ( I have finished it)

I have been watching this movie ( I haven't finished it)

 Khi muốn lặp đi lặp lại 1 hành động trong quá khứ, ta nên dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành đơn

Say: I have visited Paris 3 times

Don't say: I have been visiting Paris 3 times

 Khi động từ trong câu chỉ trạng thái, cảm giác, sở hữu, quan điểm, ta chỉ dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành Say: I have had this computer for 5 years

Don't say: I have been having this computer for 5 years

2 Past perfect continous ( Subject + had been + Ving)

 Cách dùng:

a) Nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của 1 hành động đã và đang diễn ra và có thể hoàn tất trước 1 hành động hay 1 thời điểm cụ thể trong quá khứ

Ex: He had been playing the video games for 2 hours when his mother came home

b) Diễn tả 1 hành động hay 1 sự kiện diễn tiến suốt 1 khoảng thời gian dài và chấm dứt trước 1 hành động khác trong quá khứ

Ex: He had been working for the company for 5 years when he retired

 Sự khác nhau giữa thì quá khứ hoàn thành và thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn

Unit 2 Cultural diversity

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 Khi muốn nhấn mạnh vào tính liên tục của hành động, ta dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn Ex: She had departed when I came to the airport

She had been having dinner when I came

B Sequence of Tense

1 Present tense in sequence

 Nhìn chung, nếu động từ trong mệnh đề chính ở dạng Present tenses thì động từ trong mệnh đề phụ

có thể là Present tense, Past tense, Future tense

 Ta có 4 dạng Present tense hay sử dụng trong mệnh đề chính là: Simple present, Present continous, Present perfect, và Present perfect continous

 Xét các ví dụ sau:

People think that he is very rich They announce that the museum will close on Monday

I hope he bought the book I told him She says he has got better in his English

2 Past Tense in Sequence

 Khi động từ trong mệnh đề chính ở dạng Past tenses thì động từ trong mệnh đề phụ phải ở dạng Past tense

 Ta có 4 dạng past tenses hay sử dụng trong mệnh đề chính là: Simple past, past continous, past perfect và past perfect continous

 Xét các ví dụ sau:

I thought he passed the exam

We were having dinner when he came She had already gone to sleep when I came They had been watching the movie for 1 hour when the light went out

 Các liên từ chỉ thời gian thường hay xuất hiện trong việc hòa hợp các thì sau:

1 Simple present - simple future

1 After After she arrives here, she will buy a house

2 Before I will finish the report before it gets dark

3 Until We will wait until the rain stops

4 As soon as He will eat lunch as soon as he comes home

5 When When he comes here, I will tell him to call you

2 Present perfect – Simple past

Since I haven’t visisted my grandparents since I moved to another city last

month

I have played the guitar since I was a high school student

3 Present perfect - Past perfect

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1 When When we arrived, he had left the party

2 Before Before the ambulance came, he had died

3 By By the time the boss came, we had finished all the reports

4 Until The meeting had finshed until he came

5 After After Nam had graduated, he landed a job as an architect

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Practice test

A PHONETICS AND VOCABULARY

I Choose the word whose bold part is pronounced differently from the others in each group

1 A crooked B cracked C kicked D worked

2 A stopped B laughed C missed D climbed

3 A crossed B brushed C removed D hoped

4 A educated B cultivated C prepared D rested

5 A required B started C mended D decided

II Choose the word whose main stress is placed differently from the rest

6 A inferior B reference C arrival D terrific

7 A mechanic B optional C national D definite

8 A polite B struggle C visual D physics

9 A literature B temperature C appointment D measurement

10 A protect B passion C reward D supply

III Choose the word which best fits each gap of the sentence

1 One of the symbol of Vietnamese culture, especially in Mekong Delta, is the leaf

hat that is very popular to the girls here

2 According to Ms Thanh, the essential feature of their success in their business is the

relationship with the other firms

3 In many parts of our country, many parents still believe in _ marriage and they

don‟t let their children decide their marriage by themselves

4 Many American men agree that wives and husbands should in each other and

share all thoughts

5 When I was a little girl, I was always _ to tell who I was going with and where I

was going to whenever I went out

6 My aunt gave up the ambition of being a painter and even more all her life

to the family and her children

7 Nowadays most of young people in both city and countryside the view of

loving after marriage

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8 To make a conical leaft hat, you have to shape 16 or 18 _ into conical form

before covering it with palm leaves

9 Recently, the price of everything is going up day afterday It‟s difficult for us to

our living condition in such a situation

10 To make sure a happy marriage, equal is one of the important things that

you should appreciate

B GRAMMAR: Choose the best answer

21 I send you the package as soon as it

A „ll send/‟ll arrive B „d send/ arrived

C „ll send/ arrives D send/ arrives

22 Almost everyone _ for home by the time we arrived

23 “Did you meet Jane here at the univeristy ?”

“ No, we when I started college.”

A has already met B had already met

C has already been meeting D had already been meeting

24 Since 1980, scientists in the world a lot of things to fight AIDS

25 Many people _ of malaria, smallpox before the process of vaccination

_ in the 19th century

A had died/was invented B died/ was invented

C died/ has been invented D have died/ has been invited

26 _ to rain before you woke up this morning?

A Would it begin B Did it begin

27 We had just got out of car when it to set fire

28 Since the first English colonists in 1607, the population of the United States

to over 280 million people

A landed/has grown B had landed/ has grown

C landed/ grew D has landed/ has grown

29 When Columbus _, Indians in the Americas for thousands of years

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30 After Jolie the Oscar award, she _ in many films

A won/ appeared B won/ has appeared

C had won/ appeared D had won/ had appeared

31 The children are in the park They _ ball for the last 2 hours, but they don‟t

seem to be tired yet

32 Now Julia has a job and is living in Chicago In the last 6 months, she _ only 3

letters to her parents

33 It‟s nice to see you again What _ you _ since we last meet?

A are doing B had done

C did do D have been doing

34 Jimmy is a tennis player This year he is a national champion again He _ the

champion four times

35 After Emily enough money for the trip, she an air ticket to Bangkok

and stayed there for 3 days

A had saved/ bought B saved/ bought

36 She was glad that she reservations at the hotel before she left because the

area was very popular

37 I bicycles since I was 10 years old

38 Don‟t worry! I‟ll give her this message as soon as she

39 Windy is sick and needs some days off Her close friends, Alison, it for her until

she _ fine again

A will do/ feels B is doing/ will feel

C does/ has felt D will do/ will feel

40 We were extremely tired at the end of the journey We _for more than 24 hours

A have travelled B had been travelling

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C READING

I Read the passage and choose the best answer

All dressed in red

Before getting married, the bride at a Hindu wedding ceremony does everything to make sure her wedding day is a lucky one A holy man studies the horoscopes of the bride and the groom to choose the right day for the wedding, so that the marriage will be long and happy Will the marriage be a happy one if the wedding takes place on Wednesday, or would it be better to wait until the full moon on Friday? After checking all the signs very carefully, he chooses the wedding day There are the weeks of preparation and excitement that are common to all cultures, then finally, on the wedding day itself, before helping her dress, the bride‟s sisters and female friends paint her hands and feet with henna When she‟s ready, she puts on a red sari, the colour which will bring her good luck, for the marriage During the ceremony, the groom‟s relatives place a small mark of red paste on her forehead to show she is a married woman After decorating the bride with jewels, they cover both her face and that of the groom with a veil And then she is married During the reception, the guests enjoy a feast of food and drink, while the bride and the groom sit together and share their meal

41 To make sure the wedding day is a lucky one, a Hindu bride

A Paints her hands with henna

B Studies the groom‟s horoscope

C Gets her horoscope studied by a holy man

D Waits until the full moon on Friday

42 The wedding day is chosen carefully by

43 The choice of the wedding day from the holy man is based on that he has

checked carefully

A The bride‟s horoscope B All the signs

C The full moon D The groom‟s horoscope

44 The bride puts on a red safari after

A Decorating with jewels

B Sealing a small mark of red paste on the forehead

C Covering her face with a veil

D Painting hands and feet with henna

45 The small mark of red paste on the bride‟s forehead means _

A The wedding day is certainly a lucky one

B The marriage will be lucky

C The girl is a married woman

D The marriage will be long and happy

 bride (n) /braid/ : cô dâu

 wedding ceremony (noun phrase) / „wediŋ „serəmoʊni/ : lễ cưới

 make sure (verb phrase )/ meik ʃʊr/ : đảm bảo

 holy (adj) /‟hoʊli/: linh thiêng, thánh thần

 horoscope (n) / „hɑ:rəskoʊp/ : cung hoàng đạo

 groom (n) / gru:m/: chú rể

 marriage (n) / „mӕriʤ/: hôn nhân

 take place ( phrasal verb) / teik pleis/: xảy ra

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 sign (n) /sain/: dấu hiệu

 preparation (n) / prepə „reiʃn/: sự chuẩn bị

 excitement (n) / ik „saitmənt/: sự hứng khởi, phấn khích

 sari (n)/ „sɑ: ri/ : áo sari- trang phục truyền thống của người Ấn Độ

 relative (n) / „relətiv/: họ hàng

 forehead (n) / „fɔ:hed/ : trán

 paste (n) / peist/ : hồ bột ( để dán)

 jewel (n) / „ʤu:əl/ : trang sức, đá quý

 veil (n) / veil/: mạng che mặt

 reception (n) / ri „sepʃn/ : sự tiếp đón

 guest (n) /gest/ : khách

 feast (n) / fi:st/: bữa tiệc

II Read the passage and then fill in each blank with the best completion

Wedding is very important to the Vietnamese, not only (46) _the couple involved but also for both families The wedding day is usually (47) carefully by the groom's parents (48) _ the wedding day, the groom's family and relatives go to the bride‟s house (49) _ a lot of gifts wrapped in red papers Those (5) hold the trays of gifts are also carefully chosen, they are usually happily (51) _ couples The Master of Ceremonies (52) the groom, the bride, the parents, the relatives and guests of the two families The wedding ceremony starts in front of the (53) The bride and the groom would pray, (54) their ancestors' permission to be married The Master of Ceremonies would give the wedding couple (55) on starting a new family The groom and the bride then (56) their

Often the wedding (57) is scheduled at the groom or bride‟s home or at a restaurant and all

Traditional food and beer or wine are served (58) _the reception, the groom and bride and their parents stop (59) each table to thank their guests The guests, in return, will give envelopes (60) _ wedding cards and money gifts to the newly wedded couples alone with their blessings

47 A looked B tested C chosen D checked

49 A taking B loading C carrying D bringing

51 A marry B marriage C marrying D married

52 A mentions B introduces C shows D shouts

55 A advice B information C warn D lesson

57 A celebration B ceremony C banquet D bouquet

59 A In front of B by C behind D next to

60 A owning B belonging C containing D holding

 couple (n) / „kʌpl/: cặp đôi

 gift (n) / gift/: quà tặng

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 wrap (v) / rӕp : bọc, gói

 tray (n) /trei/ : khay

 pray (v) /prei/: cầu nguyện, khấn

 Master of Ceremonies ( noun phrase): chủ hôn

 Ancestor (n) / „ӕnsestər/: tổ tiên

 Permission (n) / pə „miʃn/ : sự cho phép

 Banquet: tiệc

 Schedule (n), (v) / „skeʤu:l/ / „ʃedju:l/ : lên lịch, sắp xếp thời gian

 in return (idiom) bù lại, đổi lại

 envelope (n) / „envəloʊp/ : phong bì

 blessing (n) / „blesiŋ/: lời chúc phúc

D ERROR IDENTIFICATION : Identify the error in each sentence

61 I will send this book to you before I will finish it

A B C D

62 Mr and Mrs Brown are business people They have been visited six countries for the past

three years

63 I completed the English course by the time I enrolled the course in computer

64.To tell the truth, I didn‟t contact her since she left me for oversea study

A B C D

65 Before Julia had become a famous fashion model, she attracted a lot of attention from the

public

66 Magaret Mead studied many different cultural, and she was one of the first anthropologists to

photograph her subjects

D

67 What is the traditional attitudes of Americans and Asians towards love and marriage?

68 I have been travelling to different parts of my country, and I have learned a lot about

interested lifestyle and customs

D

69 What do young people in Vietnam address elderly people or their superior to show

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E WRITING

1 The last time I was in Prague was in 1986

I haven‟t

2 This will be the team‟s first match outside England

This will be the first time _

3 Terry will get over his illness Then his work will be improved

Once _

4 There will be someone to meet you on arrival

When

5 The number of people who attended the fair exceeded our expectation

More people _

6 I didn‟t receive the results of my test for a month

It was

7 My work won‟t be finished by the end of the month

I

8 Go to the interantional ticket desk immediately on arrival

As

9 I didn‟t know about John‟s departure

I didn‟t know that

10 Quite a few books are missing from the class library

Several members of the class have not _