Module 6: Present Perfect & Past Simple

 An action or situation that started in the past and continues in the present..  An action when the time is not important, it is expressed as an experience..  A n action was complete

Present Perfect

for & since

Present Perfect vs Simple Past

The boy was 1m10 tall one year ago Now he is 1m11 tall.

 He has grown one millimeter in

one year.

Tom is looking for his key He can’t find it.

 He has lost his key

(=He lost it and he still hasn’t got it)

(+) S + have/has + past participle (PP)

Ex: Tom has lost his key.

(-) S + have/has + not + PP

Ex: Tom has not lost his key (?) Have/Has + S + PP?

Ex: Has Tom lost his key?

 Affirmative

 Negative

Long form Short form

I, you, we, they

I have done

I, you, we, them

I’ve done

He, she, it

He has done

He, she, it

He’s done

Long form Short form

I, you, we, them

I have not done

I, you, we, them

I haven’t done

He, she, it

He has not done

He, she, it

He hasn’t done

 An action or situation that started in

the past and continues in the present.

Ex :

He has played football since he was a

child

 An action when the time is not important,

it is expressed as an experience.

Ex:

We have never traveled by train

 A n action was completed in the very recent

past, expressed by 'just' and 'recently'

Ex:

She has just broken her leg

 Action is repeated in an unspecified period between the past and now.

Ex:

I have seen that movie three times

just

(not) yet

already

ever

never

so far

up to now recently since for

EXERCISES

1 Emma _ this film on TV (not/to see)

2 When she the office ? (to phone)

3 I _ a new laptop (to buy)

4 you ever _ to New York? (to be)

5 Andy his sister’s bike (not/to repair)

6 The students their homework

(not/to forget)

7 What _ you _ in the kitchen? (to drop)

hasn’t seen has phoned have bought

Have been

hasn’t repaired

haven’t forgot

have dropped

She asleep They _ out has just been have just

gone

What have they just done?

He lottery has just They _ married.

for is used with a period of time: for six days, for a long time …

Ex: I have lived here for ten years.

since is used with a point in time and means “from that point to the time of

speaking”

Ex: She has been here since six o’clock.

Use for or since to complete the sentences below

1. Sarah has lived in London 1985

2. _ Christmas, the weather has been quite

good

3 The house is very dirty We haven’t cleaned it _

ages

4 They’ve known each other _ they were at

school

5 I haven’t had a holiday _ ten years

since Since

for since

fo r

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE PAST

- Just, already, not yet

Ex: She has just arrived in

Tokyo

- Certain time in the past

Ex: She phoned him 2 minutes ago

- Whether/How often till now

Ex: Have you ever been to

Rome?

I have been to Rome twice

- Certain event in the past Ex: He went to Rome in 1990

- Emphasis on result

Ex: I have bought a new bike

(I actually want to express that I have

a new bike now.)

- Emphasis on action Ex: I bought a new bike

(just telling what I did in the past.) just, already, up to now, until now,

till now, ever, (not) yet, so far,

lately, recently…

yesterday, ago, in 1990, the other day, last …

1 I (have) these shoes since my 18th

birthday

2 I (tidy) my desk, but now it’s in a mess

again

3 The last time I (go) to Brighton was in August

4 I’d like to meet a ghost, but I _

(never/see) one

5 I’ve finished my homework I (do) it before tea

have had

tidied

wen t

have never seen

di d

Exercise 1: Use the correct tense to complete

these sentences.

1 I’ve lost my key I can’t find it anywhere.

 RIGHT

2 Have you seen the news on television last night?

 WRONG: Did you see the news on television last night?

3 I’ve bought a new car last week.

 WRONG: I bought a new car last week.

4 I’m very hungry I haven’t eaten anything today.

 RIGHT

5 When has this book been published?

 WRONG: When was this book published?

Exercise 2: Are the underlined parts of

these sentences right or wrong? Correct

the wrong ones.