* 4 &5: hành động nào dài hơn chia quá khứ tiếp diễn, hành động nào ngắn hơn chia quá khứ đơn.. PAST SIMPLE- PAST PROGRESSIVE- PAST PERFECT: Eg: Last night, at 9 o’clock, when I came in
Trang 1REVISION FOR MID TERM EXAM
I PRONUNCIATION:
* // is pronounced when it in the words having letters: j, ge, gi, gy, di
Eg: j: jam, jar, jaw, joke, joy
ge: germ, agent, edge, judge, danger, suggest, agenda
gi: giant, origin
gy: gymnast, apology
di: soldier,
* /t ∫ / is pronounced when it in the words having letters: ch, tu, tion
Eg: ch: chin, cheese, change, watch
- ture: picture, guesture, culture, future, natural, actual, mutual
- tion: question, digestion
* The letter “n” before “g” or “k” is pronounced /ŋ/
Eg: king / hungry / thank / think
* The letter “r” is silent if there is NO VOWEL sound after it except “iron”
Eg: artist, organ, urgent………
* The letter “h” is always silent when it follows “g, k, r” at the beginning of a word
Eg: ghost, khmer, khaki, rhino
* The letter “h” is always silent in the words: exhibition, hour, honour, honest
* /w/: w (wear, worry, wood, etc.)
* /j/: y and u
Eg: year, yellow, yes, use, unit, university
* /tw/ : twenty, twelve, twin, twinkle
* 4 &5: hành động nào dài hơn chia quá khứ tiếp diễn, hành động nào ngắn hơn chia quá khứ đơn
III CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
II PAST SIMPLE- PAST PROGRESSIVE- PAST PERFECT:
Eg: Last night, at 9 o’clock, when I came in my house, my son was playing with her mother They had had dinner before I came home.
1 PAST SIMPLE: S + V-2/ -ED: Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra và kết thúc ở quá khứ, biết rõ thời gian.
2 PAST PROGRESSIVE: Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra tại một điểm thời gian ở quá khứ, một hành động
đang xảy ra thì có hành động khác xen vào, hai hành động cùng xảy ra song song ở quá khứ.
3 PAST PERFECT: Diễn tả một hành động quá khứ xảy ra trước một thời điểm ở quá khứ, một hành động quá khứ
xảy ra trước một hành động quá khứ khác.
* Some special structure:
1 S + V-2/-ED + AFTER + S + HAD + V-3/-ED.
2 S + HAD + V-3/-ED + BEFORE + S + V-2/-ED.
3 S + HAD + V-3/-ED + BY THE TIME + S + V-2/-ED
4 S + V-2/-ED + WHEN/ WHILE + S + WAS/ WERE + V-ING
5 S + WAS/ WERE + V-ING + WHEN/ WHILE + V-2/-ED
1 real in
present/
future
S + V/V-ES/S
BE WERE
S + will + V
2 unreal in
present
S + V-ED/2 S + would + V
3 real in
present/
future
S + had + V-ED/3 S + would + have +
V-ED/3
Trang 2Eg: If I (meet) ……… him yesterday, I (give) ………….… him your gift
IIV Infinitive, gerund, passive infinitive and passive gerund
A INFINITIVES
• Active
• Form: Verb + to V (plan, decide, hope, refuse, agree, ask, intend… )
• Passive infinitive Form: verb + to be + V3/ed
Eg: He wants his shirt (iron)………before he comes back to the room this afternoon
B GERUND
• Active Form: Verb + V-ing
(avoid, consider, detest, escape, finish, hate, miss, prevent, practice )
• Passive gerund Form: verb + being + V3/ed
Eg: Lan enjoys (read) ……….books
C INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO
After modals: can, could, may, might, must , have to, ought to…….
After causative verbs: make, let
After verbs : would rather, had better, help
After perceptive verbs: see, hear, feel, watch, observe, notice, smell when we see, hear, etc Eg: She let the dog (walk)……… into her room.
V PERFECT GERUND AND PERFECT PARTICIPLE
Form: having + V3/ed
Usage:
•Perfect gerund is used to referred to a past action
Trang 3Perfect participle is used when one action happens before another action: we use perfect gerund if we want to omit
Before, After in tense concord
Eg: After we had watched TV, we went to bed.
VI REPORTED SPEECH
A REPORTED SPEECH WITH INFINITIVE(S)
Form: S + Verb + Object + (Not) To-V
(ask, advise, warn….)
S + Verb + (Not) To- V
B REPORTED SPEECH WITH GERUND
Form: S + V + (o)+ (prep)+ V-ing
Eg: “You took the money”, he said to me
He accused me………
C REPORTED SPEECH WITH STATEMENTS:
Form: S + SAID / TOLD + O + (THAT) + S (đổi ngôi) + V(lùi thì) + O (đổi ngôi)
Eg: She said to me: “ you worked very hard yesterday”
She told me
D CONDITIONAL IN REPORTED SPEECH
I real in the
S+ would/
could+V o
II unreal in
the present
S + V2/ed
Be were
S+ would/
could+V o
III unreal in
past
S+ had+V3/ed S + would/ Could
+ have + V3/ed Eg:
“If I were here yesterday, I would have met him”
He said (that)………