OXFORD LEARNER''''S GRAMMAR - PART 5 potx

216 Compound participle + noun ~ Finder 123C-D Rewrite the phrases using a compound wIth an active or passive participle.. Finder 124B Rewrite the parts in bold type.. 222 Participle c

, 9 l · H~-ett'Ht!~ wtme-.ffl-sptte-ttf-+-\¥itS-ft-Het:llrttl

10 We hrlvcn+ & 'h;)ile-t ~ fit~I~lHhe ~work-in-tinle

In this paragraph from an e-mail the participles are in bold type Answer the questions about them

Unfortunately I can only type one-handed becau!>c I've broken my arm I did it yesterduy play'nK football It took ages to gel it seen to of course Having been laken to hospllalm a taxi, I flll.:t!d a very long wall There seemed to be quite a few people being trealed for spnrls injuries 1i8vlnA: sat there patiently for what l>ccmed like houTs, I finally gOI some uneotian I'll have 10 keep off the romhall field fur a few weeks,

~ playing Active or passive? a c { ve

I having sat Perfeci or continuous? 2 having b(!cn t;;lken Active or passive?

3 being IrcalCd Perfect or continunus?

4 secn 1',lst or passive?

5 broken Past or passive?

214 Participle clauses II- Finder 122 Each of these sentences is incorrect Write the correct sentence ~ l ntllieed a IOff)' d6wn··the-hll1 eO''Hillg ; ~;;~0.~ !0'T!J.C.p.",!i~ 4~~ t~w h!(f H8Ytng -beetHoi:lFlcelied the-sho'n', "'''e all weill hOtfte 2 We-eftn heat'-mtHlCighhoor t~ane - phtytttg

3 hfen hftYHtg,;.';","';""ed<l-o • - +llh",.- ,nll",.,-, *K88ren-t'ft'tg-1~le ·hell

2 1 ~ liltio uctum p rl i r.:l plt'l; 109

215 Participle + noun Ii>' Finder 123A-B

Complete this news report Put in the correct participle form of each verb in brackets

A I;trgc part ()f Ihe north of England was hit by a (",) r<l.1;;~ (rage) storm which swepl across the country yesterday, leaving a trail of ( ) 0~~~~r~ (damage) buildings behind it Large numbers of (I) (injure) people were treated in hospiHlls or by

paramedics One man, a (2) (retire) pOstman who lived in Leeds, dipd urler he

wa!> struck Oil the head by a (3) (fall) roof tile The (4) ,

(.llarrll) force of the (5) (howl) winds forced millly people 10 take shelter There was chaos on the roads liS many were blocked by {6} (fail) trees The (7) (nul expect) slorm flOW thwatens (0 bring floods [0 the (lrea, as the ~(i11 ( 8) (rise) Willers of Ihe Hivcr Ouse have almost reached danger level 216 Compound participle + noun ~ Finder 123C-D Rewrite the phrases using a compound wIth an active or passive participle a task which c:onsuml.,'S it 101 of lime I a scheme which saves moncy 2 a movie packed with action :1 a table with it glass top 4 criticism [hat hits hard 5 a hUlldmg that looks strange 6 a result r/rul breaks your h art 7 a girl with faIr hair and blue eyes 217 Verb + participle

Finder 124A For each picture, write a sentence from the table

~mftn went mjured af the gale

The family can racing from the building

People sffi screamIng down the slope

The player stood st-ar-iflg on the grass

The girls lay waving HtttM;1'flff

110 21 5 • P ;H t l (' i p lc + no u n

A detective is giving evidence in court Combine his two sentences into one

I watched the 11101 11 He bumped illlo a woman and snatched her handbag

· ~ wa tt:·~~-0 t./~ ".,",,!-,"} ~t,:,¥, y~~~ <? .w.0,"'""fl <1' l r:v~ YyO; 't '- h / ?C '" ~~ ~t:o.3'

We saw a group of men outside the pub They were fighting

· I.~ ~."-! 9 .3f0J.- P o / ~) :fiil~l\;':1 Oa~s.;c1~ t!~ .P!A b :

We saw a man He threw a brick at the shop window

219 Verb + object + participle

Put one missIng word in each sentence

II> J left your sisler ~I tt f~ In fin armchair in frulll of Ihe televlsloll

I wanted my hair shon 1 had dccklcd

2 loIs of people heard the bomb

3 J'm sorry if I you waiting

4 We've a lot of money trying to muke this place nice

5 We could hf'ar a hurgJar alarm in the next street

6 Two men were cuuglH 10 break inlO the bank

7 Our leacher prefers Ihe homework he saved to disk

8 I found the va~e , \0 plcces In a corner of the room

knocked down

Finder 125

9 We watched the old factory

10 rhe sports leacher us ill! dUlng excrt:JScs in the gym yesterday

220 G o swim ming, do the washing, etc Finder 124B

Rewrite the parts in bold type Use do or go and an jng-form

Hannah I might sunbathe for a bil on the terrace d£? ~ ~I ~ ':' 7 ~ t h, i ~ ,

Mark: Good Idea? Coming Amy?

Amy: I need 10 iron some clolhes , , , , ,

MlIrk: Amy, you're on holiday

Amy: Oh, all right And I'd like ro swim In the sea 2

larer

Mark' OK, we'll go alii I'll drive I'll take yOll in my 3

new car

Hannah: While we're out, we'd better gel something at

the shop We haven't got mll(;h food 4 Mark: Well, we can cat oul We don't warH 1 0 cook

Amy: No I agree And tomorrow I'd like to sail

look at this information about a piece of computer s.oftware Rewnte each participle clause as a fimte clause

~ Although designed for all com put en" the sofrware may not run on older muchines

~~~3h r~ ho.~ ~~.t"I.dc:;.~~~c.!- ff? r: ?!' .~"!-':.r::- ' the software may nOI run

on older machines

112 219 V(,fb obJcct p IrII l lpli '

•

•

When usinl( [his soflware, please he aware uf the sy:,(em requirement:,

,ple se be aware of the syMem rcquircrncl1t:-,

2 Once upened, this product cannot be returned

' II cannot be returned

3 If founu to be fauhy, the product will he repluced

' it Will be replaced

222 Participle clauses of time • Finder 127

Put in the correct form of the verbs in brackets

~ ~~~,,~ frl ! e: 0 (hlJ) up with I)etwl, we continued nut journey

I I broke a tooth ' , (bite) on a nut

2 Michael drove hume from work, (achieve) nOlhinl( all day

3 I Just had 10 slant! there (stare) at hy all those people

4 After (look) round the museum we went back to our hotel

5 Every single sandwich (eat) there was no food left

6 The drugs entered the country (hide) in a contamer

7 (search) Ihe building the pulice went away agam

8 (catch) Sight of Adam ilcross the strcct, she waved at IUI11

223 Participle clauses of reason Finder 128

Match the two parts and then rewrite the sentence using a participle

As I had been cheated out of all my money,

I Because he dldn't know his way around,

2 Smce I had forgotten my watch,

3 As she IS recognized wherever she goes,

" Because the weather is so ItVoiful,

Simon had to ask for directions

motorists have to make a long detour I eottldn!t-e-ren· plty ~ tlle-rent

we've iu:,t had 10 stay indoors

the pop Mar aJways has a bodyguard

I had no idea of the lime

5 As the road has been closed by rhe ~ police _ _ _ _ L -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~

224 The use of participle clauses Finder 127-129

(omment on the sentence?

11'IVillg lifted the n.'t.:civer to her cnr, Angela replaced it thoughtfully

I Gcncr lIy speaking, eople trAvel mure in summer than in winter

2 The computer crashed, dl 'Slroying a whole afternoon's work

3 Pulling up sharply Tom leapt."<l oul ot the car

4 We were very hungry, not having eaten all day

S Done regularly, these cxcn.:iscs wtll improve your Iilness and health

225 Other participle clauses

Rewrite the parts in bold type using a participle

Our neighhour fell off a ladder and broke his arm

OUf neighbour fell off a lauder, l?':~~~i01 fy l-? ~r~:

In view of the effort we put in, the rewards aren't very great

t ,.-.e

Finder 129

J the rcwards aren't very grcCII

2 The pl;u,:c was il m(.~ s Piles of papers werc lying everywhere

The place was a mess

3 If all is well we shall mcet agam next year

' we shall meet again nexi year

<1 If you Judge by To~'s attitude, he I s n't going to go along with our plans

, hc isn't going to go along with our plans

5 I knocked the milk over and spilled ir all over the Hoar

6 While we're on the subject of holidays when are you laking yours?

' when are you taking yours?

Write a second sentence so that it has a similar meanmg to the previous one Use the word

in brackets In a participle construction

If you use it properly, this gadget is qUite effecf;ve (us(.-d)

~~0 V.O~r:I!J1 tlJ ; -:> !Jc;:to;1.9~t.!.5 0/:-' 0 e.f fe~,!-Iv!!-:

She lay in bed and worried all night (worrymg)

2 We've been invited to the welhJing, so wc've deCided to go (having)

3 If the weather I S all right we might go out (permitting)

.

<1 I didn't have much money, S Cl I c oul~n't~buy a ticket (having)

5 It would be nice to have a ride somewhere (ndlllg)

114 224 • Th e u:-.c of p arm lp ic C; i flIl S CS

6 The team that wins will be awarded the trophy (winning)

7 I wailed h urs, and then I was told to come hack Ihe next day (having)

8 In vicw of whal's happened, I think you've been proved righl (cnnsldenllg)

9 Nevcr use a mobile phone and dnve a car at the suml.! tIIne (while)

10 The stereo wa!> bla~ting out rock musk, so cOl1vcr!>ation was impossible (with)

Read the story and then write each noun In the correct place

A motonst kept parkmg illegally because of his love for a tmffic warden An engineer called Brian

fell for Susan after she gave him a ticket for lellving his C'IT on a main mad The experience impressed him so much Ihal he couldn'l stop trymg 10 attracl her attentiun The Iwo arc now good fnends, btu they will not say if thcir fricndship IS likely to lead 10 murriugc

1 C.oncrele nouns:

Complete each sentence Put in the Singular or plural form of a noun

The hook is over 500 P,a;.~~;-'I long

Finder 131

I /\ m,m went into the ncwsagent's ,and then came out again five later

2 Tile waiter pomed lWO of winc

3 WI;! played football, and I scored a

4 The school was closed, HlI.! all the were sent home

5 I can't drive anywhere because my has been stolen

6 I'm always busy during the week, bUl I usua y have some spare lime <It

7 You cnn'l buy anything here because there are no in the village

S There was only one stili free, so I weill and sat there

9 Now you've heard what I've had to say, are there any you'd like to ask.?

10 The winner gOl a gold medal, and the (wo gOI silver ones

2 7 In lrodu c tlon (0 n Ollns 11 5

229 The possessive form

Rewrite the phrases using a possessive form

the bag lhal belong~ 10 Sarah

1 the name of the man

Finder 132

2 the flat where my friemls live

5 prnhlcms Ihul students have

6 the son of my father's friend

230 Possessive form or of?

Finder 133 Complete each sentence with the words In brackets Use the possessive form or of

The car damaged W~ ~,:,':,> ,bIke , ' (the bike/the woman)

Ii>' We live al ~he ~ .'?f t~ ::t:~e t; (th~ end/the street)

I Can yuu tell me 1 {lhe (ostia visa)

2 I can', Ond " and he need.;; feeding (lhc food/the dog)

3 In the middle of the lawn lay ' (the football/the boys)

4 The pollce took / ' (the namt!s/everyone allendmg the meeting)

5 was broken when he fel! (the armlfloburt)

6 Those ilre (the lunch boxes/the workmen}

7 You get a good view from • • • (the top/lhe tower)

8 Is this •.• • .? (lhe correct spellmg/the word)

231 Some other uses of the possessive Finder 134

These sentences are correct, but you could make them a little shorter Rewrite them using the possessive form

The shop sells clothes for childlCn

T~ #P ~f/~.c h."~l""'~':<5.c:le~~:

The behaviour of your friends wa!' disgr.lceful

2 We are very grateful for Ihe generosity of our :sponsOl

3 The selection of Ihe player for the natiun,,! team was inevitable

4 There's a changmg room for women ulong.lhe corridor

116 229 The pos.')cssivc f"frn

5 The r ~igna li n of the munster surpnl>("'ti everyone

6 I pr!'fer Illilk frolll II cow 10 IInlk from a goal

7 The popularity uf the Slar will guarall1ee the success of thc film

Rewrite the phrases in bold using a possessive form

Were you at Ihe annual dinner last yeur? • l!l.::i~ *I?.r '~ P.'~"V,l<;'fA,~e.r:

We're all going to mcel where Mauhew lives

We're nlilookmg furward to the game on Saturday

2 I ulwuys enjoy u day spent fi!lhlng

3 Do you know the code word for Ihls month?

4 The mtlcic was In ' nme Magazine lost week

5 Over there is where the Wilsons live

n To pUI Ihingl> nght will be the work of a whole week

7 Theft! was a silence of a rew seconds

233 Countable and uncountable nouns

Q t HQ t.t h e.w , '.?

Finder 137 Put one of these words Into each sentence, car, t:haN, food health, Idea, photo problem,

to- If cveryone wanls fo sit down, we'll need ahOlll flCty c:-~a.i'-,~

If you're going to the supermarket, take plenly uf money

expensive here

2 There's no bus l>CTVlCe I ( an't get to work without

3 NOlh;ng ever run, ,moolhly ;n my job There arc always

4 I can't stand all this fightlllg I hate , , ,

, , IS rcally

5 I love looking al , _ They always bring back memories, don't they?

6 Gateshead is , , , _ , in the north-ellst of England,

7 I'm lucky thai I've never been seriously ill, , is Important, isn't II?

8 I've got , , , " It came 10 me suddcnly while I was lying in bed

21 2 • T(}tlIlY '.~ W ,, aI /I C I , (// So p/li e ' s, etc 117

234 Countable and uncountable nouns

Decide which IS correct

1 dldn', have a camera, so I couldn't takc q '~.p'hp~t?:

al any photo b) any photos c) photO

We don', use so electricity In summer

a) much b) many c) great an

2 I think there's in the fridge

a) a butter b) some butter c) some butters

3 The guests ate food TIlcre wa~ nonc left over

4 You've bought n lot of

u) bnnuna h) egg c) water

5 I'm out of work I'm looking for

6 There aren't cars on the roOtd loday

al every b) many c) much

/

Write phrases with of

a oot.Ue o-f watef

236 Information, news, etc Finder 139

Choose the correct form

Could you give me some inrormalioE /!!!.! or~.:.~, plcase?

::\ I've seen lots of advcnISC"nlent!Oldvcrtiscments for thiS product

5 My ~age hiS/h;igGagcs have all been sent 10 Chi<:ago

8 Let'!! hupe we gel a/some mce wC3Ih c r

-9 A lot of vcry villuablC'""]eWcl was/jewels were stolen

10 If you're going to climb a mountam, you'll need the right !::-quipmentlequipmenls

14 SciCntisiS are doing rC!:.carch/a research into the prohlern

237 Nouns that can be either

countable or uncountable

Finder 140

Put one of these words in each sentence' conversation , egg, experience, glass, Iron light, shame, sport success Decide if you need to use alan or not

Have you ever drunk Ica from C) 9~(l.~:"; ,

Everyone enjoyed the party so It must h<lve ht:cn

2 When I woke the room was filled with

3 I'm nOI very athletic, tlnd I don't like

4 What's in this sandwich? Is I t ?

5 I'm luokmg forward to the fireworks It would hI:!

them

6 To tfavel round the world really would be

to mis!'>

8 The Cells were an ancient peoplc who used • • to make tools

238 Nouns that can be either

~ Finder 140

Some of these sentences have a mistake in them Find the mIstakes and write the

sentences correctly

a) My father runs small electrical business

Il) Can I haVl! two coffee please?

c) II's a pleasure to do bU!.lIless with you

til My brother IS doing a cours{! in business

e) I ought 10 wash my hairs tonight

f) [ haven't heard the news, sa r I11lght buy a paper

g) J was woken by sudden nois(!

h) There was illlemsting paiming on the wall

i) I had a lot of difficulty gelling a IkkeL

j) All the mcn were wearing an evemng dress

What can you see in the pictures? Use these words

240 Two nouns together Finder 141-142

241

Write the phrase for each explanation

someone who r1ays tennis

, tcu In the afternoon

(J , t~0(l! ~ pl.a :I, e: r:

~f!-~rn{Jo!1 t,eq

I a door made of glass

2 a hill for electricity

3 a knife for cutting bread

4 the wall of a garden

6 an cxhibillon of books

,

7 a machine that mixes concrete

8 a hnltlt) for holding beer

~ ,

9 an assIstant in a shop

10 news about busine ~s

1 J the figures relatmg to sall 'S

12 a coolcer Ihal uses gas

J.'!I a forecast of what the wt'Dlht'r wIll be

14 a carlon for holding yogurt

15 employees working in the steellOduslry

Phrases after a noun

iii" Finder 143

Combine the information into one sentence Use a phrase to modify a noun

That man is my hoss He's in the t.:orner

7 My brother gues to u school H's for young t.:hlldren They have learmng difficulti~

2 0 _Two noun" Im!clill'1 III

U Review of nouns IP Finder 132-143 Decide which answer is correct

I'm hoping \ 0 hear ~: ~~~ ;; soon

a ) a !l e W IlJ a Ilt ! WS c ) SO niC n ew d} s ome news

JI's walk from here In [he university

u) hour bl ,In hom c) an hOllr's d) an hours

2 I need paper to write all

a) a hi II piece c) piece of d) n piece of

n) hllihling's top b) buildings' lop c) top of building d} lOp of lhe bUlldmg

4 I'm afraid I haven't got

a) much 1Il0lll'Y bl much muneys c) many money d) many moneys

aJ shelf full of books b) shelf made of books c) shelf for [lul'ling books on

d) bonk about shelves

6 Luckily there was in our hOlel lOUIn

a) iron II an iron c) some iron d) some Irons

7 Why ~hou!dn ' t , , , , , " ' , , , , ,do as good a Job as men duO'

a) woman pilot b ) women pilot c) woman pilots d ) women pilots

8 The horse has won lnt ~ of races, It's a c:hamplon ,

a) horser<KC b) racehorse c horses raCe d) races horse

9 The , , , " , , , " " , , " " ' , , " , , is his fighting spirit

a) pla'ter's strong h) players' strong c) player's strength d) players' ~treng (h

10 Unfortunately wc've made , , " " , , , , , '

a) httle progress b) little progresses c) few progress d) few prngr~ sscs

242 ReView nf' no Ul ! S