BÀI GIẢNG 9: TỔ CHỨC ĐỂ CÓ HIỆU LỰC doc

Control Exercised By Logistics Executives Over Selected Logistics Functions Transportation Warehousing Inventory control Order processing Packaging Purchasing and procurement Activities

GLOBAL LOGISTIC MANAGEMENT

LECTURE 9: ORGANISING FOR EFFECTIVE LOGISTICS

 1 Definition of Organisation

 2 Traditional Logistics Management

 3 Optimal Organizational Forms

 4 Organizational Strategies used by

Manufacturers

 5 Components of Corporate and Logistics Mission Statements

 6 Ways of Improving Logistics Organizational Effectiveness

 7 Logistics Management Evaluation Measures

 8 Summary

1 Definition of Organisation

An organisation is a social arrangement which pursues collective goals, controls its own performance, and has a boundary separating it from its environment

Organizational structure is a mainly

hierarchical concept of subordination of entities that collaborate and contribute

to serve one common aim

2 Traditional Logistics Management

V P M a r k e t i n g V P P r o d u c t i o n V P F i n a n c i a l

C E O

•Sales service

•Channels of distribution

•Product returns and warranties

•Manufacturing

•Purchasing/

procurement

•Traffic

•Warehousing

•Information systems

•Budgeting

•Inventory

•Data processing

Responsibilities

Objectives

Small and frequent production runs Larger and infrequent production runs Decentralized

warehousing Plant warehousing

Centralized warehousing Large product

assortment Fewer products

2 Traditional Logistics Management

•Sales service

•Channels of distribution

•Product returns and warranties

•Manufacturing

•Purchasing/

procurement

•Traffic

•Warehousing

•Information systems

•Budgeting

•Inventory

•Data processing

Responsibilities

Generous returned goods policies

Fast transportation Expedited shipments

More rigid returned goods policies

Low cost transportation

V P M a r k e t i n g V P P r o d u c t i o n V P F i n a n c i a l

C E O

Control Exercised By Logistics

Executives Over Selected Logistics Functions

Transportation

Warehousing

Inventory control

Order processing

Packaging

Purchasing and procurement

Activities 1966 1976 1985 1990 1999

Percent of Reporting Companies

3 Optimal Organizational Forms

 Hollow corporation

◦ A small organization of managers and “idea

people” who hire external companies to perform various types of activities, including manufacturing, logistics, distribution, billing, sales, and marketing.

 Virtual corporation

◦ A number of companies come together to

develop, produce, sell, and distribute a product or

a service of limited scope

4 Organizational Strategies used

by Manufacturers

 Process-based

 Market-based

 Channel-based

Process-based Organisation

 Process-based Organisation is the organisation

structured by its business processes Each process makes up its own requirements for an appropriate structure

 Business process may include:

 Production and Logistic

 Marketing and Marketing

 Accounting and Finance

 Human Resource and Administration

Market-based Organisation

 Market-based Organisation is the organisation geographically structured according to its

market

 Market-based structure allows the focus of

organisational resources on a particular

market

 Example of Market-based organisation:

 Honda Vietnam

 Ford Asia

 Asia Pacific or North America areas

Channel-based Organisation

 Channel-based Organisation is the organisation structured by its channels in supply chain

Channels can arise from Input-Process or

Process-Output.

 Input-Process: channel of sourcing

 Process-Output: channel of distribution

Organization Design for Logistics as a Function

E n g in e e rin g M a n u fa c tu rin g M a rk e tin g /S a le s F in a n c e /A c c o u n tin g

P re s id e n t

Human Resources Logistics

Organization Design for Logistics as a Program

President

Logistics

Manufacturing Engineering HumanResources Marketing/Sales Finance/ Accounting

5 Components of Corporate and Logistics Mission Statements

 Targeted customers and markets

 Principal products/services

 Geographic domain

 Core technologies

 Survival, growth, and profitability

 Company philosophy

 Company self-concept

 Firm’s desired public image

5 Components of an Optimal

Logistics Organization

 Organizational

◦ Structure

◦ Technology

 Environmental

◦ Internal

◦ External

• Employee

– Organizational attachment

– Job performance

• Managerial

– Macro – Micro

6 Ways of Improving Logistics

Organizational Effectiveness

 Strategic goal setting: e.g increase

market share, business expanding

 Resource acquisition and utilization: e.g access to low cost resources,

improvement of resource utilization

 Performance environment: e.g support working environment for effective and efficient logistic performance

6 Ways of Improving Logistics

Organizational Effectiveness

 Communication process: e.g improve

coordination throughout supply chain

 Leadership and decision making: e.g right leadership and decisions support

logistics

 Organizational adaptation and

innovation: e.g adaption of new

technology and management practices in logistics

7 Logistics Management Evaluation Measures

 Logistics cost as a percent of sales

 Cost of specific logistics functions

(as a percent of sales or of logistics

cost)

 Performance measure

 Benchmarking

8 Summary

 Traditional Logistics Management set up its structure by responsibilities and

objectives

 Manufacturers employ organisational

strategy which are process-based,

market-based and channel-based

 Corporate and Logistics Mission

Statements list out its main components

in logistic activities

8 Summary (cont)

effectiveness include: Strategic goal

setting, resource acquisition and

utilization, performance environment,

communication process, leadership and decision making and organisational

adaption and innovation

to evaluate its effectiveness and efficiency