What are Nida's Linguistic Theories of Translating?. Nida's Linguistic Theories of Translating: Nida's linguistic theories of translating emphasize the importance of understanding the li
Trang 1HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY MID -TERM TEST ON TRANSLATION THEORIES
FOR STUDENTS OF ENGLISH (No 3)
Subject Code: EN43 Full name: ………
Date of birth: ………
Group: ………
I Answer the following questions: (40 points)
1 What are Nida's Linguistic Theories of Translating?
2 What are Nida's Sociolinguistic Theories of Translating?
(The file sent will be named after each student’s name Plagiarism will lead to failure)
1 Nida's Linguistic Theories of Translating:
Nida's linguistic theories of translating emphasize the importance of understanding the linguistic structures and semantic elements of both the source language (SL) and the target language (TL) He proposed the following key linguistic principles:
a Formal Correspondence: This principle focuses on preserving the formal elements and structure of the source text in the translation It aims to maintain a close resemblance between the original and translated text in terms of syntax, grammar, and vocabulary
b Dynamic Equivalence: Nida introduced the concept of dynamic equivalence as an alternative to formal correspondence Dynamic equivalence emphasizes conveying the meaning and message of the source text in a way that is natural and comprehensible to the target audience It allows for more flexibility in the translation process to ensure clarity and cultural relevance
c Functional Equivalence: Nida's functional equivalence theory suggests that a
translation should serve the same overall communicative function as the original text It prioritizes the intended effect of the message on the target audience, even if the specific words or structures differ from the source text
d Semantic Componential Analysis: Nida introduced this theory to analyze the meaning
of words and phrases by breaking them down into semantic components It helps
Trang 2translators understand the various shades of meaning and cultural connotations associated with different words
2 Nida's Sociolinguistic Theories of Translating:
Nida's sociolinguistic theories of translating consider the social and cultural context in which translation occurs He emphasized the following sociolinguistic factors:
a Audience Analysis: Nida stressed the importance of understanding the target audience's cultural background, beliefs, and values Translators should adapt the translation to suit the audience's preferences and ensure effective communication
b Cultural Equivalence: Nida advocated for achieving cultural equivalence in translation This means capturing not only the linguistic meaning but also the cultural nuances and references present in the source text Translators need to be sensitive to cultural
differences and convey the message appropriately for the target culture
c Functional Restructuring: Nida suggested that translators may need to restructure the text's content to suit the expectations and norms of the target culture This may involve adapting idioms, metaphors, or references to make them relevant and understandable to the target audience
d Ethical Considerations: Nida emphasized the ethical responsibility of translators to accurately represent the ideas and intentions of the source text Translators should avoid misrepresenting or distorting the content due to cultural biases or ideological differences
Overall, Nida's sociolinguistic theories highlight the significance of context, culture, and audience in the translation process, ensuring that translations are not only linguistically accurate but also culturally appropriate and impactful
II Translation practice
1 Read the text and find out the features of the situational context (30 points)
Trang 3He was a comely handsome fellow, perfectly well made, with straight, strong limbs, not too large, tall, and well shaped; and as I reckon, about twenty six years of age
He had a very good countenance, not a fierce and surly aspect, but seemed to have something very manly in his face; and yet he had all the sweetness and softness of a European in his countenance, too, especially when he smiled His hair was long and black, not curled like wool: his forehead very high and large; and a great vivacity and sparkling sharpness in his eyes The colour of his skin was not quite black, but very fawns His face was round and plump; his nose small, not flat like the Negroes, a very good mouth, thin lips, and his fine teeth well set and as white as ivory
.In a little time I began to speak to him, and teach him to speak to me: and, first, I let him know his name should be "FRIDAY", which was the day I saved his life I called him so for the memory of the time
……… Field: The text is a description of a person's physical appearance and characteristics, providing details about the man's age, appearance, and personality traits
Tenor: The interaction involves two characters, one being the narrator or speaker and the other being the man described The tenor focuses on the relationship between the two, where the speaker teaches the man to speak and gives him the name "Friday."
Mode: The mode of communication is written narration or description The text is likely part of a larger narrative, where the speaker recounts their encounter and interaction with the man they saved
Translation into Vietnamese:
Anh ta là một chàng trai đẹp trai, hoàn hảo, với những chiếc chân thẳng, mạnh mẽ, không quá lớn, cao và hình dáng ưa nhìn; và theo tôi đánh giá, khoảng hai mươi sáu tuổi Anh ta có một khuôn mặt rất đẹp, không ánh mắt hung ác, nhưng có vẻ rất đàn ông; và đồng thời, anh ta có sự dịu dàng và mềm mại như một người Châu Âu trong khuôn mặt, đặc biệt khi anh ta cười Tóc của anh ta dài và đen, không xoăn như len: trán anh ta rất cao và rộng; và đôi mắt anh ta sáng sủa và sắc bén Màu da của anh ta không hoàn toàn đen, mà hơi nhợt nhạt Khuôn mặt anh ta tròn và mũm mĩm; mũi nhỏ, không bằng phẳng
Trang 4như người Da đen, miệng rất đẹp, môi mỏng, và hàm răng đều đặn và trắng ngần như ngà
Trong một khoảng thời gian ngắn, tôi bắt đầu nói chuyện với anh ta và dạy anh ta nói chuyện với tôi: và trước tiên, tôi để anh ta biết rằng tên của anh ta sẽ là "FRIDAY", để kỷ niệm khoảnh khắc tôi cứu anh Tôi gọi anh ta như vậy để nhớ về khoảnh khắc đó
Một số yêu cầu:
+ Sinh viên nộp file word lên hệ thống
+ Ghi rõ mã đề trong bài làm.
Chú ý:
+ Chế tài xử lý đối với bài phát hiện có sự sao chép ( VD: nếu phát hiện sao chép thì bài làm của sinh viên sẽ không được công nhận và nhận điểm 0….)
+ Giảng viên có thể trao đổi, nhận xét góp ý cho bài làm của sinh viên trên diễn đàn hoặc buổi Vclass (SV tham gia lớp Vclass đầy đủ để được giải đáp)