Iec 62563 1 2016

This International Stan ard provides evaluation method for testin IMA E DIS LA SYS EMS u ed in MEDIC L ELECTRIC L EQUIPMENT an medical electrical s stems for diag ostic imagin.. Rather,

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IEC 62563-1

Editio 1.1 2 16-0

CONTENTS

FOREWORD 4

INTRODUCTION 6

INTRODUCTION to Amen ment 1

7 1 Sco e 8

2 Normative referen es 8

3 Terms, definition , s mb ls an a breviation 8

3.1 Terms an definition

8 3.2 Symb ls 1

3.3 Ab reviation 12 4 General 12 5 Prereq isites 1

2 6 Eq ipment an to ls 13 6.1 L MINA CE meter 13 6.2 IL UMIN N E meter 13 6.3 Colour meter 13 6.4 TE T PAT ER S 14 7 Evaluation method 15 7.1 General 15 7.2 Evaluation method ta le overview 15 7.3 Vis al evaluation method 17 7.3.1 General 17 7.3.2 Overal image q al ty evaluation 17 7.3.3 Grey cale resolution evaluation 18 7.3.4 L MIN N E resp n e evaluation 19 7.3.5 L MIN N E u iformity evaluation 2

7.3.6 Chromaticity evaluation 2

7.3.7 Pixel faults evaluation 2

7.3.8 VEILING GLA E evaluation 21

7.3.9 Ge metrical image evaluation 21

7.3.10 An ular viewin evaluation 2

7.3.1 Cl nical evaluation 2

7.4 Quantitative evaluation method 2

7.4.1 Basic LUMIN NCE evaluation 2

7.4.2 Basic LUMIN NCE evaluation without ambient l g t 2

7.4.3 L MIN N E resp n e evaluation 2

7.4.4 L MIN N E evaluation of multiple display 2

7.4.5 Chromaticity u iformity evaluation 2

7.4.6 Chromaticity evaluation of acros multiple display 2

7.4.7 L MIN N E u iformity evaluation 2

7.4.8 Viewin an le evaluation 2

7.4.9 Grey cale c romaticity evaluation 2

An ex A (informative) Sample test re orts 2

An ex B (informative) L MINA CE me s rement method 4

An ex C (informative) Des ription of T S PAT ER S 51

Bibl ogra h 6

IEC 6 5 3-1:2 0 +AMD1:2 16 CSV – 3 –

 IEC 2 16

In ex of defined terms 6

Fig re 1 – Overal image q alty evaluation u in the TG18-QC T S PAT ER 17 Fig re 2 – Overal image q alty evaluation u in the TG18-OIQ T S PAT ER 18 Fig re 3 – Mag ified view of TG18-MP T S PAT ER s owin the 8-bit an 10-bit mark rs 1

9 Fig re 4 – A close-up of the TG18-CT T S PAT ERN 2

Fig re 5 – The TG18-GV T S PAT ER is displayed (lef , a close-up of the centre of the T S PAT ERN when covered with a mask (rig t 21

Fig re 6 – Ge metrical evaluation u in the GD p t ern 2

Fig re 7 – Vis al evaluation of viewin an le resp n e 2

Fig re 8 – Example of the me s red LUMINA C E in relation to the stan ard LUMINA CE resp n e fu ction ac ordin to G EYSCALE S A D RD DIS LA FU CTION (GSDF) 2

Fig re 9 – An example of the CONTR S resp n e computed from 18 grey levels as related to the exp cted CONTR S resp n e as ociated with the DICOM 3.14 [2] stan ard LUMINA CE resp n e with a given toleran e lmit (e.g 15 %) [10] 2

Fig re B.1 – Method A, teles o ic method 4

Fig re B.2 – Method B, ne r-ran e LUMIN N E meter in combination with an IL UMIN N E meter 4

Fig re B.3 – Method C, frontal integrated LUMIN NCE meter in combination with IL UMIN N E meter 4

Fig re B.4 – Method D, b ck integrated LUMIN N E meter in combination with IL UMIN N E meter 5

Fig re C.1 – Example of TG-18 QC p t ern for a matrix size of 15 6 × 2 4 5

Ta le 1 – Overview to the definition of ph sical p rameters 1

Ta le 2 – TE T PAT ER S u ed for display testin 14 Ta le 3 – List of the evaluation method that can b u ed for testin medical IMA E DIS LA SYS EMS 16 Ta le A.1 – Ac e tan e test sample re ort of a diag ostic display 3

Ta le A.2 – Con tan y test sample re ort of a diag ostic display 3

Ta le A.3 – Ac e tan e test sample re ort of a monoc rome reviewin display 3

Ta le A.4 – Con tan y test sample re ort of a monoc rome reviewin display 4

Ta le A.5 – Ac e tan e test sample re ort of a colour reviewin display 4

Ta le A.6 – Con tan y test sample re ort of a colour reviewin display 4

Ta le C.1 – Des ription of multi-purp se T S PAT ERNS 5

Ta le C.2 – TG18-QC p t ern: L MINA CE levels with 8-bit an [12-bit] pixel values an CX ratin s 5

Ta le C.3 – The blur in c aracteristic of the CX referen e set uti zed in TG18-QC T S PAT ER S [16] 5

Ta le C.4 – Evaluation criteria for the examples of the CLINICAL RE EREN E IMA E 5

Ta le C.5 – Example des ription of TG-18 QC p tern for a matrix size of 15 6 × 2 4 5

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

1) Th Intern tio al Ele trote h ic l Commis io (IEC) is a worldwid org nizatio for sta d rdizatio c mprisin

al n tio al ele trote h ic l c mmite s (IEC Natio al Commite s) Th o je t of IEC is to promote

intern tio al c -o eratio o al q estio s c n ernin sta d rdizatio in th ele tric l a d ele tro ic fields To

this e d a d in a ditio to oth r a tivities, IEC p blsh s Intern tio al Sta d rds, Te h ic l Sp cific tio s,

Te h ic l Re orts, Pu lcly Av ia le Sp cific tio s (PAS) a d Guid s (h re fer refere to as “IEC

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in th su je t d alt with ma p rticip te in this pre aratory work Intern tio al g v rnme tal a d n

n-g v rnme tal org nizatio s laisin with th IEC also p rticip te in this pre aratio IEC c la orates closely

with th Intern tio al Org nizatio for Sta d rdizatio (ISO) in a c rd n e with c n itio s d termin d b

a re me t b twe n th two org nizatio s

2) Th formal d cisio s or a re me ts of IEC o te h ic l maters e pres , as n arly as p s ible, a intern tio al

c nse sus of o inio o th rele a t su je ts sin e e c te h ic l c mmite h s re rese tatio from al

intereste IEC Natio al Commite s

3) IEC Pu lc tio s h v th form of re omme d tio s for intern tio al use a d are a c pte b IEC Natio al

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misinterpretatio b a y e d user

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th later

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servic s c rie o t b in e e d nt c rtific tio b dies

6) Al users sh uld e sure th t th y h v th latest e itio of this p blc tio

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oth r d ma e of a y n ture wh tso v r, wh th r dire t or in ire t, or for c sts (in lu in le al fe s) a d

e p nses arisin o t of th p blc tio , use of, or rela c u o , this IEC Pu lc tio or a y oth r IEC

Pu lc tio s

8) Ate tio is drawn to th Normativ refere c s cite in this p blc tio Use of th refere c d p blc tio s is

in isp nsa le for th c re t a plc tio of this p blc tio

9) Ate tio is drawn to th p s ibi ty th t some of th eleme ts of this IEC Pu lc tio ma b th su je t of

p te t rig ts IEC sh l n t b h ld resp nsible for id ntifyin a y or al su h p te t rig ts

In this Redl ne version, a vertical l ne in the margin s ows where the tec nical content

is modified by amendment 1 Addition are in gre n text, deletions are in strik through

IEC 6 5 3-1:2 0 +AMD1:2 16 CSV – 5 –

 IEC 2 16

International Stan ard IEC 6 5 3-1 has b en pre ared by s bcommit e 6 B: Diag ostic

imagin eq ipment of tec nical commitee 6 : Electrical eq ipment in medical practice

This publ cation has b en drafed in ac ordan e with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2

In this stan ard, the fol owin print typ s are u ed:

– req irements an definition : roman typ ;

– informativ material a p arin o tsid of ta les, su h as n tes, e amples a d refere c s: in smaler ty e

Normativ te t of ta les is also in a smaler ty e;

C PITALS

A l st of al p rts of the IEC 6 5 3 series, publ s ed u der the general title Medical ele ctrical

e u ip me t – Me dical image disp la systems, can be fou d on the IEC we site

The commit e has decided that the contents of the b se publ cation an its amen ment wi

"ht p:/we store.iec.c " in the data related to the sp cific publcation At this date, the

This International Stan ard provides evaluation method for testin IMA E DIS LA SYS EMS

u ed in MEDIC L ELECTRIC L EQUIPMENT an medical electrical s stems for diag ostic imagin

On site or af er in tal ation, two typ s of testin can b car ied out An ac e tan e test is

car ied out af er a new IMA E DIS LA SYS EM has b en in tal ed, or major modification have

b en made to the existin IMA E DIS LA SYS EM Sin e an IMA E DIS LA SYS EM may

degrade over time, the con tan y test is car ied out by the u er in a p riodic c cle to verify

that the p rforman e is maintained for the inten ed u e

The stan ard des rib s variou evaluation method without dictatin what p rtic lar tests

s al b u ed for ac e tan e an /or con tan y tests

Rather, it is the intention of this stan ard to b a referen e for other stan ard an g idel nes

sp cific to e c modalty or to b defined by national authorities who wi refer to the

evaluation method of this stan ard an mention l mitin values an freq en ies for

ac e tan e an con tan y tests An ex A s ows sample re orts of s c a referen e

To maintain the homogeneity in the IEC stan ard for MEDIC L ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT,

IEC 612 3-2-5, Ev lu ato a d rou tin testn in me dical imagin dep artme ts – Part 2-5:

Co sta cy te sts – Im age disp la de vice s s ould b reviewed

IEC 6 5 3-1:2 0 +AMD1:2 16 CSV – 7 –

 IEC 2 16

INTRODUCTION to Amendment 1

This amen ment is publ s ed to introd ce colour me s rement

Sin e publ cation of IEC 6 5 3-1:2 0 , IEC 612 3-2-5, Ev lu ato a d rou tin testn in

medical imagin dep artme ts Part 2-5: Co sta cy tests – Image disp la de vices has b en

reviewed an with rawn

The s o e of this International Stan ard is directed to practical tests that can b vis aly

evaluated or me s red u in b sic test eq ipment More ad an ed or more q antitative

me s rements can b p rformed on these devices, but these are b yon the s o e of this

doc ment

This stan ard a pl es to medical IMA E DIS LA SYS EMS, whic can display monoc rome

diag ostic (interpretation of medical images toward ren erin cl nical diag osis) or viewin

(viewin medical images for medical purp ses other than for providin a medical

interpretation) purp ses an therefore havin sp cific req irements in terms of image q al ty

He d mou ted IMA E DIS LA SYS EMS an IMA E DIS LA SYS EMS u ed for confirmin

p sitionin an for o eration of the s stem are not covered by this stan ard Han held IMA E

DIS LA SYS EMS mig t req ire ad itional or modified version of the proced res des rib d in

this stan ard

It is not in the s o e of this stan ard to define the req irements of ac e tan e an con tan y

tests nor the freq en ies of con tan y tests

2 Normative referenc s

The folowin referen ed doc ments are in isp n a le for the a pl cation of this doc ment

For dated referen es, only the edition cited a pl es For u dated referen es, the latest edition

of the referen ed doc ment (in lu in an amen ments) a pl es

IEC 6 7 8:2 0 , Medical electrical e quipme nt – G los ary of defin d te rm s

ISO 1 6 4-1:2 0 , Colorimetry – Part 1: CIE sta dard colorimetric ob serv rs

CIE S 010/E:2 0 Ph tometry – Th CIE system ofp hysical p hotometry

comp nent of an IMA E DIS LA SYS EM in whic images defined via electrical sig als are

vis al zed by me n of an electron b am strikin a phosphor

3.1.4

cl nical reference image

sp cific medical image typical for the inten ed u e of the IMA EDIS LA SYS EM

NOT Th a atomic l p terns re orte in An e C are e amples of CLINICAL RE ERE CE IMAGE

3.1.5

clock artefact

artefact in form of distorted vertical b rs or strip s, visible on the s re n of fixed-pixel typ

IMA E DIS LA DEVICE (e.g LCD), when the freq en y of the internal dot clock is diferent

divided by the average of the two LUMIN N E values:

1+ L

2)

electronic comp nent of an IMA E DIS LA SYS EM that provides the analog e or digital

interface b twe n the computer hardware an the IMA E DIS LA DEVICE

3.1.9

flat panel display

IMA E DIS LA DEVICE that is flat an thin

NOT E.g lq id crystal displa (LC ), plasma displa (PDP), field emis io displa (F D), surfa e-c n u tio

ele tro -emiter displa (S D), c rb n-n n - u e displa (C T), org nic lg t emitin displa (OLED)

hardware an sof ware, ca a le of displayin images

3.1.15

luminance

ratio of luminou flu p netratin (impin in on) a s rface are in a sp cified direction to the

prod ct of the ir adiated sol d an le an the projection of the s rface are onto a plane

p rp n ic lar to the viewin direction (u it: can ela p r s uare meter (c /m

2

)

NOT This d finitio h s b e d riv d from th term in DIN5 31-3:19 2-0 [18] a d is e uiv le t to th

d finitio in th Intern tio al Ele trote h ic l Vo a ulary (IEV)

3.1.16

phase artefact

artefact in form of blur ed ed es of displayed o jects (leters, l nes, etc.), visible on the

s re n of fixed-pixel typ IMA E DIS LA DEVICE (e.g LCD), when the phase set in of the

internal dot clock is dif erent from that of the in omin analog e sig al

large-s re n IMA E DIS LA DEVICE whic enlarges the smal image generated on a plane by

central projection to a secon plane

3.1.19

resolution ad res a i ity ratio

RAR

me s red pixel at 5 % p int of LUMINA CE at p a or nominal ratin expres ed as a

p rcentage of ad res a le sp ce avai a le

IEC 6 5 3-1:2 0 +AMD1:2 16 CSV – 1 –

 IEC 2 16

NOT Systems d sig e with a e u te S A IAL RE OLU ION c ara teristics are n c s ary to as ure th t sp tial

d tais of interest are preserv d wh n a me ic l ima e is displa e Portra in ima e d ta o a IMAGE DIS LA

D VICE with insuficie t resolutio wi c mpromise th AC URACY of th ra iolo ic l interpretatio

display of a s bset of the pixel values existin in the digital image

NOT Th WIN OW S T ING is d termin d b th win ow width a d le el (c ntre) a d serv s for C N RA T

e h n eme t

3.2 Symb ls

The s mb ls of ph sical p rameters u ed in this stan ard are l sted in Ta le 1 Al

me s rements refer ed to in Ta le 1 are in the centre of the IMA E DIS LA DEVICE Note that

LUMINA CE may also b me s red at other location ac ordin to the methodologies

L MIN NCE g n rate b th ambie t lg t o th surfa e of a

IMAGE DIS LA D VICE wh n th IMAGE DIS LA D VICE is of

scre n It in lu es V ILING GLARE sp cific to T S P T ERN use for

me sureme t It is me sure withambie t lg t totaly switc e of

(in th d rk)

L

ax

Ma imum

LUMIN NCE g n rate b a IMAGE DIS LA D VICE at

DIGIT L DRIVING LE EL (D L) =ma me sure at th c ntreof th

scre n It in lu es V ILING GLARE sp cific to T S P T ERN use for

me sureme t It is me sure withambie t lg t totaly switc e of

amb

L MIN NCE pro u e b th IMAGEDIS LA D VICE at th ma imum

DIGIT L DRIVING LE EL (D L) me sure at th c ntre of th scre n

It c ntainsV ILING GLARE a d L

d scrib din Refere c [10] usin a CIE sta d rd i umin nt A a d

a a erture size 2 to 3 % larg r th n th diameter of th

LUMIN NCE meter)

r'

L′

max/L′

min

L MIN NCE ratio of a IMAGE DIS LA D VICE c ntainin V ILING

GLARE a d ambie t LUMIN NCE

a

L

amb/L′

Altern tiv safety fa tor This fa tor is d fin d to pro id

c nsiste c with oth r rele a t d c me ts (e.g A R–A PM– I M

Te h ic l Sta d rd For Ele tro ic Pra tic Of Me ic l Ima in ,

Ame d d 2 14, Resolutio 3 )

)/2

In IMA E DIS LA SYS EMS, every in ivid al comp nent can l mit or red ce the image q al ty of

the s stem Therefore it is neces ary to ado t s ita le me s res for q al ty monitorin If

IMA E DIS LA SYS EMS are cor ectly adju ted an maintained, these devices can con istently

generate simi ar images

Simple test eq ipment is u ed (LUMIN N E meter, T S IMA E ) with PRECISION a pro riate for

the purp se of a test Before a test, al test eq ipment s al b c eck d for its fu ctionin

ac ordin to the man facturer’s sp cification

The man facturer's data (e.g req irements on o eratin voltage, h midity etc.) are req ired

for the cor ect setin of the IMA E DIS LA SYS EM an for cor ect in tal ation The

man facturer's data s al b en losed with the tec nical doc mentation of the IMA E DIS LA

SYS EM

The tests l sted in this International Stan ard are a compi ation of al the evaluation method

that may b u ed for testin an IMA E DIS LA SYS EM A s bset of these test items or test

method may b selected an a pl ed in an order de en in on the inten ed purp se of the

IMA E DIS LA SYS EM

For mo i e s stems, a fixed location for these tests s al b determined an u ed so that it is

re resentative for the location where s c mo i e s stems may b u ed Care s ould b

ta en to en ure that the ambient l g tin in these are s can b adeq ately control ed

5 Prere uisites

Prior to testin an IMA E DIS LA SYS EM, the fol owin s al b con idered:

a) The testin of an

IMA E DIS LA SYS EM

s al in lu e the complete s stem in lu in

sofware, hardware an set in s in olved in image han l n

b) For al

IMA E DIS LA SYS EMS

to b tested, al components in lu in computer,

IMA E

DIS LA DEVICE, display card, display sof ware, an sofware version s al b trace ble

c) The T S IMA E an the cl nical images s al b presented in the same way on the IMA E

IEC 6 5 3-1:2 0 +AMD1:2 16 CSV – 13 –

 IEC 2 16

d) Before startin the tests, the front s rface of the IMA E DIS LA DEVICE s al b cle ned

ac ordin to the in tru tion for u e

e) It s al b en ured that no prior nominal set in s have b en c an ed

f Ro m l g ts, win ows, viewin devices etc s al not cau e an disturbin reflection on

the IMA E DIS LA DEVICE Method to prevent reflection are des rib d in the stan ard

ISO 9 41-3 2, ISO 9 41-3 3, ISO 9 41-3 5 an ISO 9 41-3 7

g) The ambient l g tin in the ro m s al b maintained at normal y u ed con ition

h) Before initiatin a test, the IMA E DIS LA SYS EM s al b in tal ed an started up

ac ordin to the man facturer’s recommen ation ; to en ure sta le p rforman e, the

IMA E DIS LA DEVIC

E s al b switc ed on b fore the test for a p riod as sp cified by the

man facturer (e.g 3 min) The IMA E DIS LA SYS EM s ould b set to the desired display

fu ction The GREYSC LE S A D RD DIS LA FU CTION (GSDF) is recommen ed an is a

neces ary prereq isite for some tests

6 Equipment and tools

6.1 LUMIN N E meter

A LUMIN NCE meter s al have the fol owin sp cification The ran e of the LUMIN N E meter

s al cover at le st the ran e of LUMINA CE of the IMA E DIS LA SYS EM with a PRECISION of at

most 5 % (re e ta i ty), an an A C RA Y of at most 10 %, with a cal bration trace ble to a

primary stan ard la oratory The man facturer of the meter s al provide a cle r calbration

program The a erture an le s al not ex e d 5° The relative sp ctral sen itivity s al

cor esp n to the BRIGHTNE S CIE stan ard photo ic sp ctral resp n e (CIE S 010/E:2 0 )

The influen e of the photo ic resp n e s al b within the overal ±10 % A C R C des rib d

in this p ragra h

For ne r ran e LUMIN NCE meters, a predefined an le an distan e of me s rement res lt in

a defined me s rement field size Durin a me s rement, the are to b me s red s al b

displayed by a field (or p tc ) that is sig ificantly big er than the defined me s rement field

size

A LUMIN N E meter can b integrated into the IMA E DIS LA SYS EM or b a stan -alone

device

6.2 IL UMIN N E meter

An IL UMINA CE meter may b req ired for testin IMA E DIS LA SYS EMS with a ran e of 1 to

1 0 0 lu with an A CU A Y of at most 10 % an a PRECISION of at most 5 % (re e ta i ty)

The device cal bration s al b trace ble to a primary stan ard la oratory an s al have a

cle r cal bration program It s al have a u iform resp n e to a L mb rtian l g t source

In me s rement method B, C an D (des rib d in An ex B), the IL UMINA CE meter is ide ly

located at the centre of the s re n facin outward Side location wi also b ac e ta le as

lon as they provide simiar me s red values

6.3 Colour meter

A colour meter may b req ired for testin IMA E DIS LA SYS EMS The meter s al b a le to

evaluate the CIE-sp cified (ISO1 6 4-1:2 0 ) colour co rdinate with b t er than ± ,0 4

A CU A Y in the u’,v’ sp ce (0,0 7 in the x,y sp ce) for a stan ard i uminant, within the

LUMINA CE ran e of the IMA E DIS LA SYS EM The device cal bration s al b trace ble to a

primary me s rement stan ard an s al have a cle r cal bration program

A s bset of these examples or elements from these examples may b u ed to form comp site

T S PAT ER S de en in on the inten ed u e of e c modalty b in tested (se An ex C for

more information)

7 Evaluation methods

This clau e des rib s a n mb r of evaluation method ( ests) that can b u ed for testin

medical IMA E DIS LA SYS EMS The n mb r an order of these evaluation method are not

man atory; a modal ty stan ard can refer to a s bset of these tests in an order with a

preferen e for l mitin values an evaluation criteria

7.2 Evaluation method ta le overview

Ta le 3 s ows an overview of al evaluation method des rib d in this stan ard Not al of

these tests may b req ired or b a pro riate for a sp cific IMA E DIS LA SYS EM A s bset

of test items or test method to b p rformed can b c osen from these l sts that are relevant

to a p rtic lar IMA E DIS LA SYS EM These tests can b p rformed in an a pro riate order

Gre sc le resolutio e alu tio

– Verify suficie t gre sc le resolutio b se o

CE u iformity e alu tio

– L o for n n-u iformities

VEILINGGLARE e alu tio

– L o for low C N RA T o je ts o 2 T S P T ERN

TG18-G N a d TG18-GV T S P T ERN, mask

Ge metric l ima e e alu tio

– Verify g ometry, p ase/clo k c r e tio , clp in

GD T S P T ERN, ruler (CA HOD RA T B (C T) o ly)

An ular viewin e alu tio

– Verify viewin a gle

Chromaticity e alu tio of a ros multiple displa s Colo r meter

Gre sc le c romaticity e alu tio Colo r meter

For C THODE R Y TUB S (CRT) the S ATIAL RE OLUTION s al b in lu ed: Evaluate the CX

p t ern at the centre an corners of the p tern an grade them comp red to the referen e

Figure 2 – Overal image qual ty evaluation u ing the TG18-OIQ T S PAT ERN

Durin this test, also evaluate the overal a p aran e of the T S PAT ER Lo k for s ficient

S ATIAL RE OLUTION detai s, p s ible FLICKER, cros - alk, noise an vide artefacts Note that

a T S PAT ER sp cifical y desig ed to evaluate e c of these items may also b u ed

For the overal image q al ty evaluation the SMPTE T S PAT ERN can also b u ed with

simiar criteria

NOT Whie n t y t c nsid re to b cru ial for g n ral displa p rforma c c ara teristics of me ic l displa s,

d n mic displa p rforma c (also c le temp ral resp nse) mig t b imp rta t for c rtain me ic l a plc tio s

Oth r rele a t d c me ts ma b c nsulte for a plc ble pro e ures to test th d n mic p rforma c of me ic l

displa s [15]

7.3.3 Grey cale resolution evaluation

The grey cale resolution of the IMA E DIS LA DEVICE s al b evaluated u in the TG18-MP

T S PAT ERN as des rib d in Fig re 3 It mig t b go d to mag ify the p t ern a out 2 0 %

The LUMIN N E resp n e of the IMA E DIS LA DEVICE can b evaluated u in the TG18-QC

T S PAT ER as p rt of the overal image q al ty evaluation (7.3.2) However u in the TG1

8-CT T S PAT ER is a more complete solution for a vis al LUMIN N E resp n e evaluation, as

des rib d in Fig re 4

Carefuly sc nth v rtic l ramps for a y

sig of h rizo tal c nto rin ln s a d

th ir relativ lo atio s.If su h ln s are

prese t, th ir lo atio relativ to 8-bit

tra sitio s mark d o th sid of th

v rtic l b n s (lo g mark rs) sh l b

n te Dista c s b twe n C N RA T

ste s larg r th n th dista c s b twe n

th 8-bit tra sitio mark rs in ic te a

resolutio lower th n8 bit If th

gre sc le tra sitio s d n t e a tly

matc th 8-bit tra sitio ln , it is a

Figure 4 – A close-up of the TG18-CT T S PAT ER

7.3.5 L MINA CE uniformity evaluation

Verify the TG18-UN8 T S PAT ER an lo k for gros non-u iformities from the centre to the

ed es Typical CATHODE R Y TUB S (CRT) s ow s mmetrical non-u iformities an LCDs are

as ociated with non-s mmetrical ones Sin e the h man vis al s stem is general y not

sen itive to very low sp tial freq en ies, grad al non-u iformity exten in over the ful

display s rface is not a pro lem u les the variation is very pronou ced Smal er s ale non

-u iformities that have dimen ion in the order of 1 cm are of more sig ifican e an s ould not

b visible when viewin a u iform T S PAT ER Non-u iformities of smal er dimen ion are

clas ified as noise (evaluated in 7.3.2)

7.3.6 Chromaticity evaluation

The vis al as es ment of c romaticity is p rformed u in the TG18-UN8 T S PAT ER

N

Verify the colour u iformity of the displayed p tern acros the s re n

The test can also b p rformed on multiple

IMA E DIS LA DEVICE

of the same typ

as ociated with a p rtic lar IMA E DIS LA SYS EM Check p rceiva le colour diferen es

amon st diferent IMA E DIS LA DEVICE of a s stem

7.3.7 Pixel faults evaluation

Pixel faults are evaluated by displayin the T S PAT ER S TG18-UN10 an TG18-UN8 The

n mb r of defects s al b cou ted The fault typ s al b identified by u in a mag ifyin

glas ac ordin to the er or typ definition b low

Typ A fault: s b-pixel (an ad res a le p rt of a grey cale pixel or one of the b se colour

p rts of a colour pixel) is stu k at hig state - cou t brig t s b-pixels in TG18-UN10

Typ B fault: s b-pixel is stu k at low state - cou t dark s b-pixels in TG18-UN8

IEC 6 5 3-1:2 0 +AMD1:2 16 CSV – 21 –

 IEC 2 16

Typ C fault: a normal s b-pixel not of typ A or B - cou t in TG18-UN10 an TG18-UN8

(e.g stu k at intermediate state, bl nkin s b-pixel)

Clu ter: Two or more s b-pixels with faults within a block of 5 × 5 pixels

The typ s a ove or simiar typ s would also a ply to other p int artefacts s c as s ratc es,

d st, an p int defects in analog e IMA E DIS LA SYS EMS s c as C THODE RA TUB S

(CRT)

7.3.8 VEILIN GLA E evaluation

This test only a pl es to CATHODE RA TUB S (CRT) an some FLAT PA EL DIS LA S with thick

protective covers The vis al as es ment of VEILIN GLA E can b ac ompls ed u in the

The o server s al dis ern the a p aran e of the low CONTR S o jects in seq ential viewin

of the TG18-GV an TG18-GVN p tern with the brig t region mask d (Fig re 5)

The mask s al b made of black, non- ran p rent, lg t a sorbin , an non-reflective

material ( or in tan e, black p p r)

Fig re 5 – The TG18-GV T S PAT ERN is displayed (lef ), a close-up of the centre

of the

T S PAT ER when covered with a mask (rig t

7.3.9 Ge metrical image evaluation

The TG18-QC T S PAT ERN is u ed for the ge metrical image evaluation as p rt of the

overal image q al ty evaluation (7.3.2) However u in the ge metric distortion T S PAT ER

(GD p t ern) is a more complete solution for this evaluation (Fig re 6)

The re din proced re can b done in two way : (1) fixed o server, an (2) movin o server

In the case of fixed o server (o tion 1), the proced re req ires viewin the p t ern with the

centre of the mid le circle l ned up with the centre p int b twe n the eyes at the normal

viewin distan e The re der is then ask d how man ed es or tran ition l nes b twe n the

slces are visible in the circle located at the centre of the s re n The in p ction is then

re e ted for the circles at the eig t other location ( o -centre, to -lef , to -rig t, centre-lef ,

centre-rig t, b t om-lef , b tom-centre, an b t om-rig t The re orted s ore (S) is

calc lated by computin the ratio of the n mb r of l nes se n in an of normal target (average

of al non-centre s ores) to the n mb r of l nes se n in the centre target Both n mb rs are

In the case of a movin o server (o tion 2), the proced re req ires re din only the target in

the centre of the p tern at p rp n ic lar viewin , an then determinin the maximum an le

in of normal direction ( or example, in the horizontal an vertical direction ) that provides a

simiar (or eq al) s ore to that o tained in the p rp n ic lar viewin direction

An alternative, modified method with the same or simi ar T S PAT ER in whic the tester

ac ommodates the viewin direction to b re resentative of con ition of u e mig t b

employed if a s ientific evaluation demon trates that the method is ro u t an sen itive to the

exp cted or typical c an es of LUMIN N E an CONTRAS with an le of view

(c) Dia ram sh win re din pro e ure for o tio 1; with fix d p sitio for o serv r

(d) Dia ram sh win re din pro e ure for o tio 2; with mo in o serv r

min) s al b evaluated for the IMA E DIS LA DEVICE

Me s re the values L′

min, L′

The ac ommodation of ambient IL UMIN N E can b ac ompl s ed in one of two way

de en in on the en ironment an the LUMIN N E ratio ran e of the IMA E DIS LA DEVICE For

example, a safety factor eq al or les than 0,4 imples a L

min

of at le st 1,5 times L

amb

However, in cases in whic the implementation of this rule mig t negatively imp ct the

desired LUMINA CE ratio (e.g certain modal ty display ), the safety factor may have a value

close to u ity (1) provided that the desired display fu ction (e.g GREYSC LE S A D R DIS LA

FUN TION (GSDF) cal bration of the IMA E DIS LA DEVICE ta es the ran es of the IL UMIN N E

in the en ironment into con ideration

The folowin relation hip b twe n L

min

ambcan b u eful:

targ t

where L

targ t

is the target LUMIN N E at maximum DIGITAL D IVIN LEVEL (DDL) b in the IMA E

DIS LA DEVICE ven or default value or the value u ed d rin cal bration

In ad ition, L

ma

can b evaluated an comp red to a minimum req ired value to b defined

by modal ty-specific or national organization stan ard

7.4.2 Basic LUMIN NCE evaluation without ambient l g t

This evaluation method s ould b u ed only for esta l s in the IMA E DIS LA SYS EM b sic

LUMINA CE resp n e without con iderin ambient l g tin con ition

This method s ould not b u ed if the IMA E DIS LA SYS EM is cal brated to GSDF ta in

ambient l g t con ition into ac ou t

The LUMIN N E ratio r(= L

ma/L

min) s al b evaluated for the IMA E DIS LA DEVICE

Me s re the values L

min, L

ma

u in one of the me s rement method des rib d in An ex B

Optional y in this test the L

macan b evaluated again t a target value as

targ t

where L

targ t

is the target LUMIN N E at maximum DIGITAL D IVIN LEVEL (DDL) b in the IMA E

DIS LA DEVICE ven or default value or the value u ed d rin cal bration

In ad ition, L

ma

can b evaluated an comp red to a minimum req ired value to b defined

by modal ty-specific or national organization stan ard

7.4.3 L MINA CE response evaluation

The GREYSCALE S A D R DIS LA FU CTION (GSDF) is a prereq isite for this test Usin a

calbrated LUMIN N E meter an the TG18-LN T S PAT ERNS, the LUMIN NCE L in the test

region s al b me s red for al 18 DIGITAL D IVIN LEVEL (DDL) P-values, L(P), by the

value of L

amb

(or E * R

d) u ed d rin the cal bration s al b u ed for the LUMIN N E resp n e

evaluation If the purp se is to evaluate the IMA E DIS LA SYS EM resp n e in e en ently of

ambient l g t con ition then this method is sti vald with L

ambset to zero However the

GREYSCALE S A DA D DIS LA FU CTION

(GSDF) as refer ed in [2] cle rly q otes: “The

GREYSCALE S A D R DIS LA FUN TION expl citly in lu es the efects of the dif u ed ambient

IL UMIN NCE"

The me s red values s al b related to the GREYSCALE S A DA D DIS LA FU CTION (GSDF)

First, they s al b tran formed to ju t notice ble dif eren e in ices (J-values) b sed on the

c aracteristic of the h man vis al s stem (J-values vers s LUMIN N E) The J-values for the

me s red L′

min

ma, J

, an i refers to the in ex of the 18 T S IMA E u ed for this test

CONTR S resp n e is than calc lated u in the slo e of the LUMIN NCE resp n e The slo es

δ

i(me s red

( arget CONTR S for the GREYSC LE S A DA D DIS LA FU CTION

(GSDF) are calc lated as

)(

(

2

1ii1

i

i

1ii

−

=

JJL

L

LL

δ

)(

)'

'

(

)''

(

2

1ii1id

d

i

d

1id

id

−

=

JJL

L

LL

b yon a certain thres old criterion Fig re 8

s ows an example of the me s red LUMINA CE for 18 display levels, plot ed in relation to the

target LUMIN N E resp n e, whic in this case ha p n to b the GREYSCALE S A D R

DIS LA FU CTION (GSDF) Fig re 9 s ows the CONTRAS resp n e as ociated with the data

2 0 c /m2

IEC 6 5 3-1:2 0 +AMD1:2 16 CSV – 2 –

 IEC 2 16

7.4.4 LUMINA CE evaluation of multiple display

If multiple image display devices are as ociated with the same IMA E DIS LA SYS EM, the

white LUMIN N E values as me s red in the b sic LUMIN N E evaluation (7.4.1) of al IMA E

DIS LA DEVICE s al b comp red The values to b comp red are L′

ma

or L

ma Also al

me s rement method A, B, C an D (An ex B) can b u ed for these me s rements The

maximum LUMINA CE deviation is calc lated as a p rcent diferen e b twe n the hig est an

lowest LUMINA CE values relative to their average lowest value, 10

lowest

7.4.5 Chromaticity uniformity evaluation

Display the TG18-UNL 0 T S PAT ER on the IMA E DIS LA DEVICE Usin a colour meter,

me s re the (u ',v') colour co rdinates at the centre an at the four corners of the s re n an

compute the distan e Δu'v', as the maximum distan e in u '-v' sp ce b twe n an p s ible

p irs of (u ’,v’) p ints u in the fol owin formula:

)/2

The distan e is calc lated as the maximum for an two location within the display s re n If

a colour meter outputs its values in x,y co rdinate, those can b con erted to u ’,v’ u in the

fol owin con ersion formulas:

u ' = 4x/ -2x + 12y + 3)

v' = 9y/ -2x + 12y + 3)

7.4.6 Chromaticity evaluation of acros multiple display

If multiple IMA E DIS LA DEVICE are as ociated with the same IMA E DIS LA SYS EM the (u ’,

v’) c romaticity in the centre of every IMA E DIS LA DEVICE s al b comp red These central

me s rements for al IMA E DIS LA DEVICE can also b retrieved from the c romaticity

evaluation of e c IMA E DIS LA DEVICE (7.4.5) Compute the distan e Δu'v', as the maximum

distan e in u '-v' sp ce b twe n an p s ible p ir of central me s rements as

)/2

If this distan e Δu'v', is calc lated to more than two IMA E DIS LA DEVICE , the two with the

big est deviation in (u ’,v’) distan e s al b u ed

Optional y (in order to k e con isten y with other stan ard ), an averaged (u’, v’)

c romaticity co rdinate of 5-location me s rements in e c IMA E DIS LA DEVICE des rib d

in 7.4.5 can b u ed in te d of the central me s rement Compute the distan e Δu'v' as the

maximum distan e in u'-v' sp ce b twe n an p s ible p ir of the averaged co rdinates u in

the same formula a ove

7.4.7 L MINA CE uniformity evaluation

Me s re the LUMIN N E at five location on the face late of the IMA E DIS LA DEVICE (centre

an four corners) u in the TG18-UNL 0 T S PAT ER an tec niq es A or B in An ex B

The maximum LUMIN N E deviation is calc lated as a p rcent dif eren e b twe n the hig est

an lowest LUMIN N E values relative to their average value,

hig est+ L

lowest)

7.4.8 Viewing angle evaluation

The q antitative viewin an le evaluation of the IMA E DIS LA DEVICE may b p rformed by

the man facturer ac ordin to the “viewin -cone thres old ” method pro osed in referen e

[15]

The man facturer may provide this information to the u er at ac e tan e testin This test is

p rformed as a typ test, where typical values for an IMA E DIS LA DEVICE model are given

NOT 1 A p s ible setu for a q a titativ as es me t of th viewin a gle resp nse is: ara g th LUMIN NCE

meter to me sure th LUMIN NCE a d c romaticity at th IMAGE DIS LA D VICE c ntre from th n rmal dire tio ;

use a g niometric p sitio in d vic su h as a rotatin plater or motorize p sitio in system to as ure a

a c rate a g lar alg me t b twe n th LUMIN NCE meter a d th scre n n rmal for in reme tal in re ses in of

n rmal viewin dire tio s (use a 5° ma imum in reme t size for in ln tio a d a 10° ma imum in reme t for

azimuth)

NOT 2 Th viewin a gle sh uld b e alu te usin th d gre of c ntrast ratio d gra atio in % from th o

-a is dire tio [10]

7.4.9 Grey cale c romaticity evaluation

With a colour meter, luminan e an colour co rdinates (u ’, v’) are me s red u in TG18-LN

test p t ern (TG18-LNx-i, i = 01, 0 , …, 18) Me s rements s al b p rformed without

ambient l g t With only the me s rements cor esp n in to recorded luminan e values

hig er than or eq al to 5 c /m

2

, the distan es in the u ’,v’ plane with resp ct to the

me s rement at ful white (i.e from TG18-LNx-18) are computed as

)/2

The n mb r of dis arded me s rements (luminan e values les than 5 c /m

2

) wi vary

de en in on the cal brated display fu ction For this re son, re ortin grey cale c romaticity

res lts s ould b ac omp nied by the cal brated display fu ction u ed for the display device

b in me s red

The grey cale c romaticity is q antified as the maximum deviation in the computed

values.The grey cale c romaticity evaluation method des rib d in 7.4.9 is a pl ca le to b th

colour an monoc rome display devices

This an ex provides several sample test re orts, as fol ows:

– Ta le A.1: Ac e tan e test of a diag ostic display;

– Ta le A.2: Con tan y test of a diag ostic display;

– Ta le A.3: Ac e tan e test of a monoc rome reviewin display;

– Ta le A.4: Con tan y test of a monoc rome reviewin display;

– Ta le A.5: Ac e tan e test of a colour reviewin display;

– Ta le A.6: Con tan y test of a colour reviewin display

Ta le A.1 – Ac e tance test sample re ort of a diag ostic display

Ge eral

Date of test Ja 2 2 0

Test p rforme b : Jo n

Fa i ty: St Jo n’s fa i ty, Jo ath n Stre t 5 , Jo n’s City, Jo n’s Co ntry

L c tio : Ra iolo y, Re din Ro m 4, Workstatio Ra 4

Displa : Bra d Mo o hrome LC , Ty e 3MP Portrait, S/N 9 3 0 4 4 ( irst displa of d al h a )

Ap lc tio : Dia n stic, multi-mo alty (RX,CT, MR) workstatio

An ular viewin e alu tio

– Verify viewin a gle

Ev luatio meth d Eq ipment, to ls Req irement Co clusio

Fa i ty: St Jo n’s fa i ty, Jo ath n Stre t 5 , Jo n’s City, Jo n’s Co ntry

L c tio : Ra iolo y, Re din Ro m 4, Workstatio Ra 4

Displa : Bra d Mo o hrome LC , Ty e 3MP Portrait, S/N 9 3 0 4 4 ( irst h a of d al h a )

Ap lc tio : Dia n stic, multi-mo alty (RX,CT, MR) workstatio