Bsi bs au 265 2 1995 (2000) iso 6518 2 1995

BRITISH STANDARD AUTOMOBILE SERIES BS AU 265 2 1995 ISO 6518 2 1995 Incorporating Amendment No 1 Road vehicles — Ignition systems — Part 2 Electrical performance and function test methods ICS 43 060 5[.]

Road vehicles —

ICS 4 0 0.5

This Bri sh Stan ard, ha ing

b en pre ared u der the

directonof the Eng ine ring

SectorBo rd, was published

u derthe authoriy of the

Stan ards Bo rd an comes

into efect on

1 Decemb r1 9

© BSI 0 -2 0

The folowing BSI references

relate to the work on this

stan ard:

Commi e reference MC /9

Draft for comment 9 / 70 2 5 DC

ISBN 0 5 0 2 9 5 X

The prep ration of this British Stand rd was entrusted to Tech ical

Commit e MCE/ 9, Ig nition equipment for sp rk ig nition eng ines, upon which

the folowing bodies were represented:

Society of Motor Man facturer and Tra er Ltd

Co pted member

Am endm ents is ued sinc publ cation

19 7

Indicated b a sidelne in the marg in

Commit e s responsible Inside font cov er

Fig ure 1 — Test cir uit for ig nition sy stems with mechanical

Fig ure 2 — Test cir uit for static ig nition sy stems with

Fig ure 3 — Test cir uit for static ig nition sy stems with

Fig ure 4 — Ex mples of measurements per ormed on ig nition

National foreword

This British Stand rd has be n prep red b Technical Commit e MCE/ 9 It is

identical with ISO6 18-2:19 5 R oa d vehicle — Igniion systems —

Pa r t2:Ele tr ica l per for ma nc a nd fu cton te t method s, includ ing Tech ical

Cor ig end um1,publshed b the International Org anization for Stand rdization

(ISO)

A British Stand ard d oes not purport to includ e al the neces ary prov isions of a

contract User of British Stand rd s are responsible for their cor ect a plcation

Com pl anc with a British Standard does not ofitself confer im m unity

f om leg al o l g ations

Sum mary of pag es

This document comprises a f ont cov er, an insid e font cov er, p g esi andi ,

p g es1 to10, an inside b ck cov er and a b ck cov er

This stand rd has be n up ated ( se copy rig ht d ate) an ma hav e ha

amendments incorporated This wi l be indicated in the amendment ta le on the

inside f ont cov er

1 Scope

This p rt of ISO 6 18 specifies the methods an test

cond itions for testing b t ery -sup l ed ig nition

sy stems for sp rk- g nited internal combustion

eng ines

Because ofthe dificulties in producing repeata le

measurements with atmospheric sp rk g aps and

diferent observ er , two methods of obtaining the

results neces ary for calculating the sy stem output

energ y are g iv en

Metho A — using sp rk g aps for the energ y

measurement ( test ar ang ement A)

The output energ y obtained b this method is cal ed

sp rk energ y , E

sp

Metho B — using a Zener diode string for the

energ y measurement ( test ar ang ement B)

The output energ y obtained b this method is cal ed

Zener d is harg e energ y , E

zd

This method is not suita le for sy stems g iv ing

alternating sp rk cur ent

Method B is also recommend ed for the comp rativ e

testing of ig nition coi s and cur ent inter uption

sy stems

2 Ig nition system description

For the tests d es ribed in the folowing subclauses,

the ig nition sy stem components used shal be as

specified for the a plcation being ex mined , i.e.to

the orig inal eq uipment specification

2.1 Ig nition system with mechanical

distributor

The fol owing components shal be inter onnected

as shown inFig ure 1 or in any other cir uit which

has be n prov ed to be equiv alent

2.1.1 Sing le-ended coi which can be the

conv entional ind uction coi or an air or mag netic

core transormer

2.1.2 Coi bal ast resistor or resistor , if the coi

being tested requires a b l ast resistor,or any fixed

or v ria le means to make the v oltag e and / or the

cur ent in the ig nition cir uit v ary

2.1.3 Distributor which d istributes the ig nition

impulses to the sp rk-plug s It ma also contain

means of trig g ering and / or timing ad justment, al of

which hav e a proper ang ular inter elationship to

themselv es and to the eng ine

2.1.4 Auxi iary switching devic implcit with

the sy stem being tested such as a transistoriz d

control u it

2.2 Static (distributorles ) ig nition system

with sing le- ended cois

The fol owing components shal be inter on ected

as shown inFig ure 2 or in any other cir uit which

has be n prov ed to be eq uiv alent

2.2.1 Coi s which, d epend ing on the sy stem tested ,

— sing le-ended coi s as d es ribed in2.1.1, or

— a multiple hig h-tension terminal as embly

formed b sing le-end ed coi s, or

— plug -top coi s

2.2.2 Auxi iary switching devic implcit with

the sy stem being tested such as a transistoriz d

control unit

2.3 Static (distributorles ) ig nition system

with double- ended coi (s)

The fol owing components shal be inter on ected

as shown inFig ure 3 or in any other cir uit which

has be n prov ed to be eq uiv alent

2.3.1 Coi s which, d epend ing on the sy stem tested ,

— d ouble-end ed cois, or

— a multiple hig h-tension terminal as embly

formed b d ouble-end ed cois

2.3.2 Auxi iary switching devic implcit with

the sy stem being tested such as a transistoriz d

control unit

3.1 Varia le d.c power supply hav ing a10%

to9 % transient recov ery time of not more

than5 4s ov er the loa rang e encou tered in use

It shal hav e no more than5 mV v ariation in

av erag e v oltag e f om no- oad to ful ig nition sy stem

loa an no more than10 mV peak-to-peak rip le

ov er the same load rang e This power sup ly ma be

substituted b a b t ery with or without a charg ing

sy stem The power sup ly shal be positioned

immed iately a jacent to the sy stem being tested

3.2 Osci losco e with a ma imum rise time

of3 ns, with a minimum b n p s of10MHz,

shal be used ( P

1 and P

2 ) The ov eral uncertainty of

measurement including v oltag e and cur ent probes

( se 3.3 and3.4) shal be les than3%

3.3 Voltag e pro e ( R

D ) with an input ca acitance

smaler than or eq ual to5 pF and an input

resistance of10 M7 o g reater

3.4 Cur ent pro e ( P

1 ) suita le for d c.to10MHz

3.5 d.c amm eter ( P

3 ) with a ma imum v oltag e

drop of10 mV u de test cond itions

The distance b twe n rotor electrode an ca electrode shal b maintained

constant d ring sp rk d raton or as ag re d b twe n user an sup lier

2)

The ar ow shows the se uence of the sp rks

3)

Set ac ording to 3.1

Key

P

1

P

2

P

3

P

4

P

5

= curent pro e, amplifier an os ilos o e

= v ltag e-me suring s ilos o e

= d.c.ammeter

= d.c.v ltmeter

= tachometer

C

1

R

1

R

2

to R

1

R

D

= lo d ca aciy

= lo d resistor

= sup res ion imp dances (he curent an resistance of which

are fix d b ag re ment b twe n the man facturer an the user)

= v ltag e pro e

NOT An e ample of an eig ht-cylin er system is shown

Fig ure 1 — Test circuit for ig nition system s with mechanical distributor

Set ac ording to 3.1

K ey

P

1

P

2

P

3

P

4

P

5

= cur ent pro e,amplifier an os ilos o e

= v ltag e-me suring os ilos o e

= d.c.ammeter

= d.c.v oltmeter

= tachometer ( cran shaft rotatonal fe uency

sig nal

C

1

R

1

R

2

to R

9

R

D

= lo d ca aciy

= lo d resistor

= sup res ion imp dances ( the curent an resistance of which

are fix d b ag re ment b twe n the man facturer an the user)

= v ltag e pro e

N T An e ample of an eig ht-cylin er system is shown

Fig ure 2 — Test circuit for static ig nition system s with sing le- ended coi s

Set ac ording to 3.1

Key

P

1

P

2

P

3

P

4

P

5

= cur ent pro e, amplifier an os ilos o e

= v ltag e-me suring os ilos o e

= d.c.ammeter

= d.c.v oltmeter

= tachometer (can shaft rotatonal fe uency

sig nal

C

1

R

1

R

2

to R

9

R

D

= lo d ca aciy

= lo d resistor

= sup res ion imp dances (he curent an resistance of which

are fix d b ag re ment b twe n the man facturer an the user)

= v ltag e pro e

NOT 1 For double-en ed coils,secon ary outlets shal b tested at hig h v ltag e

NOT 2 An e ample of an eig ht-cylin er system is shown

Fig ure 3 — Test circuit for static ig nition systems with double- ended coi s

3.6 Voltmeter ( P

4 ) with an input resistance of at

least10k7 /V and with suficient resolution to

indicate diferences of10mV easiy

3.7 Distributor or trig g er whe l drive stand

and at ached tachom eter ( P

5 ) conforming to the

folowing :

a) a contin ously v aria le rotational f eq uency

a justment, ca a le of being v aried

betwe n10min

–1

and40 0min

–1

for a

distributor driv e stand and betwe n20min

– 1

and

at least60 0min

–1

for a trig g er whe l

driv estand ;

b) the rotational f eq uency shal be within±5%

below4 0min

–

and±20min

–1

a ov e4 0min

–

;

c) a tachometer ac urate to within±0,2% of

ind icated rotational f eq uency

3.8 Lo ds shal be connected to the ig nition sy stem

b hig h-v oltag e, non-resistiv e metal cond uctor

ig nition ca les The leng th depends on the

ca acitiv e loa ( se 3.8.2)

3.8.1 Multi- point spark g ap stand, each g ap

being indiv idualy v aria le ( se Fig ure 5)

3.8.2 The ca acita nc C

1 simulates the

ca acitance of the ca les and sp rk-plug s as

normaly encountered on the eng ine This

ca acitance shal be a low d is ip tion factor ( not

g reater than3% at1 kHz) second ary ig nition ca le

ofa leng th such that, in conju ction with the

ca acitor an hig h-tension probe, the total

ca acitance is

5 pF to 5 pF for ig nition sy stems with

d istributor;

25 pF to 3 pF for static ig nition sy stem with

sing le-ended cois;

5 pF to 5 pF for static ig nition sy stems with

d ouble-ended coi s

To measure the total ca acitance, the d istributor

sp rk g aps, and the imped nces R

2

to R

1

if lumped

resistor , shal be sh nted and the ig nition ca le

shal be remov ed f om the ig nition coi

NOT 1 I ma b neces ary to consider the efect of p rasi c

ca aciances

NOT 2 Other v lues of ca aciance ma b ag re d up n

de en ing on the a plicaton

3.8.3 The resistor R

1 simulates lea or carbon

fouled sp rk-plug s This resistor shal hav e a low

v oltag e co ficient ( ma imum0,0 05%/V),

non- nductiv e, a prox imately10W

and1M7 ±5% It shal be connected in p ral el to

the ca acitance for some measurements

3.8.4 A Zener dio e string of 1 kV for sing le-end ed

coi s an two Zener diode string s of 1 kV

and0,5kV for d ouble-ended cois ( se Fig ure 3),

each with a Zener v oltag e tolerance of±5% u d er

test conditions

4 Parameters to be mea sur d or

determined

4.1 Avaia le voltag e, U

a

Comp ring the av ai a le v oltag e, U

a , to the v oltag e

req uired, U

spc , to fire sp rk-plug s in a g iv en eng ine

determine the ad eq uacy of the ig nition sy stem

[ se Fig ure 4a)] It shal be measured when the

sy stem is load ed with the ca acitance C

1

d es ribed

in3.8.2

4.2 Minim um av i a le v ltag e, U

a m

The minimum av aia le v oltag e

1)

U

a m , shal be

measured when the sy stem is loa ed with the

ca acitance C

1 and the resistor R

1 con ected in

p ral el The minimum ampl tude shal be recorded

This represents the lev el which can be g uarante d

f om the sy stem being tested at an ambient

temperature of23°C±5°C, a trig g er whe l

rotational f eq uency of 20 0min

–1

and a sup ly

voltag e of13,5V

4.3 Se ondary output voltag e, U

s

The second ary output v oltag e, U

s , ma also be

measured for comp rison with v alues obtained for

av aia le v oltag e, U

a

4.4 Inter uption cur ent, I

pi

The inter uption cur ent

1)

I

pi determines the

energ y into the sy stem [se Fig ure 4c)]

4.5 Averag e cur ent input, I

p r

The av erag e cur ent input, I

p r , determines the

av erag e cur ent draw of the sy stem with respect to

the d.c sour e ( alternator, g enerator, b t ery , etc.)

4.6 Energ y

4.6.1 Inductive spark energy , E

spi

The ind uctiv e sp rk energ y

2)

E

spi

is determined b

test method A ( se 5.3.1) It is calculated fom the

integ ration of the product of the measured v alues of

sp rk v oltag e, U

sp [ adjusted to U

e : se Fig ure 4f)]

and sp rk cur ent I

sp

ov er the sp rk duration t

fp

[ se Fig ure 4f)]

1)

This me surement do s not a ply to ca acior dis harg e ig ni on systems

2)

This is an in icaton of the amou t of electricaly caused erosion which wil oc ur on sp rk-plug electrodes Ex erience is

re uired to use this informaton efectv ly

4.6.2 Zener dis harge energy, E

zd

The Zener dis harg e energ y , E

zd , is d etermined b

test method B It is calculated fr om the integ ration

of the measured v alues of the pr oduct of Zener

dis harg e v oltag e U

zd and Zener d is harg e cur ent

I

zd

ov er the Zener dis harg e duration t

fd

[ se Fig ure 4g )]

4.6.3 Spark durat ion o Zener dis harge

d ration

This duration within lmits is indicativ e of the

ig niting ca a i ity of the ig nition coi output u der

marg inal fuel conditions

)

[ se Fig ure 4d ),

Fig ure 4f) andFig ure 4g )]

4.6.4 Max imum sp rk cur ent, I

spm , o

max imum Zener dis harge cur ent , I

zdm

The ma imum sp rk cur ent

3)

I

spm , or ma imum

Zener dis harg e cur ent is the instantane us

cur ent fom the second ary wind ing of the ig nition

coi flowing throug h the sp rk g ap after breakdown

[ se Fig ure 4f)] or throug h the Zener diodes

[ se Fig ure 4g )]

4.7 Se ondary v ltag e rise tim e, t

sUr

The second ary v oltag e rise time, t

sUr , is an ind ication

of the a i ty of an ig nition sy stem to fire shu ted

( fouled ) sp rk-plug s The shorter the second ry

v oltag e rise time, the les sy stem energ y is lost

ac os the fouled sh nt and more v oltag e is

av ai a le to fire the sp rk-plug [ se Fig ure 4b)]

It shal be measured when the sy stem is loa ed with

the ca acitance C

1

d es ribed in3.8.2 and the

resistor R

1 des ribed in3.8.3

3)

This me surement do s not a ply to ca acior dis harg e ig ni on systems

1)

The wa e form shown oc ur in ing ni on systems wih contact bre ker

Fig ure 4 — Ex m ples of measurem ents per orm ed on ig nition system s

To faci tate comp rison betwe n sy stems, the

second ry v oltag e rise time shal be determined

betwe n – 1,5 kV and –15 kV, to be repeated

betwe n +1,5kV and+15 kV for double-ended coi s

or as ag re d betwe n user an manufacturer

4.8 Coi prim ary induc d v ltag e, U

pind

The coi primary induced voltag e

4)

U

pind , is useful

with respect to contact breaker l fe in clas ic

ig nition sy stems and is an ind ication of the stres on

a semicond uctor power switch ( unles v oltag e

clamping is used) in inductiv e energ y storag e

ig nition sy stems [ se Fig ure 4e)] I it shal be

measured, it ma be neces ary to use a measuring

instrument with a diferential input

The primary induced v oltag e wav e form is alway s

preceded ( usual y within20 4 s) b a leakag e

induction spike Usual y this is ig nored in

calculations but if the area u der the spike curv e

becomes sig nificant then it is es ential that it be

taken into ac ount, when considering the efect on

sol d state components

4.9 Ig nition- limiting lo d resistanc , R

1 kV

The sh nt behav iour of an ig nition sy stem is also

d etermined b its ig nition- miting load resistance,

R

1 kV It is the loa resistance at which the a solute

v alue of the av aia le v oltag e, U

a , fal s to15kV

The desig nation for it is R

1 kV ( se R

1

inFig ure 1

toFig ure 3)

The p rameter are

C

loa ( se C

1

inFig ure 1 toFig ure 3) as des ribed

in3.8.2

U

sup ly

= 13,5 V;

n

cankshaf

= 20 0 min

–1

5.1 General

The cir uit ar ang ements shown inFig ure 1

toFigure 3 with instrumentation in place can be

used to measure the p rameter in clause4

Test ar ang ement A is intend ed for tests to confirm

the required sy stem fu ctions an sy stem

per ormance

Test ar angement B is intended for tests to comp re

the per ormance of ig nition cois and cur ent

inter uption sy stems

5.2 Test conditions

The test cond itions shal be chosen f omTa le 1 as

a propriate

During simulated starting tests, the sy stem shal be

operated u der conditions simulating v ehicle

electrical conditions for the primary side ofthe

sy stem For ex mple, if a resistor in series with the

primary coi is normal y sh nted d uring eng ine

c an ing , this resistor shal be sh nted for this

portion of bench tests

5.2.1 Supply v ltage, U

sup

The sup ly v oltag es, U

sup , g iv en inTa le 1, are

b sed on1 V nominal v oltag e I 24V sy stems are

to be tested, multiply these v oltag es b two

Table 1 — Test conditions

4)

This me surement do s not a ply to ca acior dis harg e ig ni on systems

Trig ge whe l

rotational

fequency

a

Sup ly v ltag e

Am bient tem pe atur

°C

Ope ating

condition U

su

±0,1

Test at ro m

temp rature

Test at o eratonal temp rature

Temp rature clas

min –1

b

I c

I I c

5 0

10 0

20 0

30 0

40 0

50 0

60 0

70 0

80 0

a

For the distributor rotatonal fe uency , divide b two

b

Clas I is prefer ed for iems mou ted in v hicle ca in or similar environment

c

Clas I or I is prefered for iems mou ted on or ne r the eng ine