Tiêu chuẩn iso 06412 2 1989 scan

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 6412 2 First edition 1999 10 15 Technical drawings Simplified representation of pipelines Part 2 Isometric projection Dessins techniques Repr&entation simplifi&e des tuyaux[.]

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD

IS0

6412-2 First edition 1999-10-15

Part 2 : Isometric projection

Dessins techniques - Repr&entation simplifi&e des tuyaux et lignes du tuyauteries - Partie 2 : Projection isom&rique

Reference number IS0 6412-2 : 1989 (El

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Foreword

IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of

national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies) The work of preparing International

Standards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees Each member

body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has

the right to be represented on that committee International organizations, govern-

mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work IS0

collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all

matters of electrotechnical standardization

Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to

the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by

the IS0 Council They are approved in accordance with IS0 procedures requiring at

least 75 % approval by the member bodies voting

International Standard IS0 6412-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 10,

Technical drawings

IS0 64412 consists of the following parts, under the general title Technical drawings -

Simplified representation of pipelines :

- Part 7: General rules and orthogonal representation

- Part 2: Isometric projection

Annex A of this part of IS0 6412 is for information only

0 IS0 1989

All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any

means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in

writing from the publisher

International Organization for Standardization

Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneve 20 Switzerland

Printed in Switzerland

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Introduction

For drawings for tender, manufacturing drawings and erection drawings in pipeline construction as well as in machine construction and the construction industry, isometric projection has been introduced to a great extent, since the drawing work can

be cut down and the presentation made clearer

For the purposes of this part of IS0 6412, all dimensions and tolerances on the drawings have been stencilled in upright lettering It should be understood that these indications could just as well be written in free-hand or inclined (italic) lettering without altering the meaning of the indications

For the presentation of lettering (proportions and dimensions), see IS0 6412-l

Copyright International Organization for Standardization

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Technical drawings - Simplified representation

of pipelines -

Part 2 :

Isometric projection

1 Scope

This part of IS0 6412 specifies supplementary rules, in addition

to the general rules given in IS0 6412-1, applicable to isometric

representation Isometric representation shall be used where

the essential features are to be shown clearly in three dimen-

sions

2 Normative references

The following standards contain provisions which, through

reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of

IS0 6412 At the time of publication, the editions indicated

were valid All standards are subject to revision, and parties to

agreements based on this part of IS0 6412 are encouraged to

investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions

of the standards listed below Members of IEC and IS0 main-

tain registers of currently valid International Standards

IS0 128 : 1982, Technical drawings - General principles of

presentation

IS0 129 : 1985, Technical drawings - Dimensioning - General

principles, definitions, methods of execution and specialindica-

tions

IS0 5261 : 1981, Technical drawings for structural metal work

IS0 6412-1 : 1999, Technical drawings - Simplified represen-

tation of pipelines - Part 1: General rules and orthogonal

representation

3 Definitions

For the purposes of this part of IS0 6412, the definitions given

in IS0 6412-1 apply

4 Coordinates

As far as it is necessary to use Cartesian coordinates, for instance for calculations or numerical control of machine tools, the coordinate axes shall comply with figure 1

In all cases, the coordinates of individual pipes or pipe assemblies should comply with those adopted for the complete installation and shall be indicated on the drawing or in an

associated document

Figure 1

5 Line conventions

See IS0 6412-l

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6 Deviations from the direction of coordinate

axes

6.1 General

Pipes, or parts of pipes, running parallel to the coordinate axes,

shall be drawn parallel to the relevant axis without any further

indication

Deviations from the directions of the coordinate axes should be

indicated by means of auxiliary hatched projection planes as

shown in figure 2

Figure 2

6.2 Pipes in a vertical plane

Pipes, or parts of pipes, situated in a vertical plane, shall be indicated by showing their projections on a horizontal plane [see figure 3a)l

6.3 Pipes in a horizontal plane

Pipes, or parts of pipes, situated in a horizontal plane, shall be indicated by showing their projections on a vertical plane [see figure 3b)l

6.4 Pipes not parallel to any coordinate plane

Pipes, or parts of pipes, not running parallel to any coordinate plane, shall be indicated by showing both their projections on a horizontal and on a vertical plane [see figure 341

6.5 Auxiliary projection planes

It is recommended that the right angles of the triangles limiting the auxiliary projection planes be indicated

Auxiliary projection planes may be emphasized by hatchings, parallel to the X- or Y-axis for horizontal auxiliary planes, and vertical for all other auxiliary planes

b)

Figure 3

Copyright International Organization for Standardization

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If such hatching is not convenient it may be omitted, but in that

case the rectangle (see figure 4) or the rectangular prism (see

figure 51, of which a diagonal coincides with the pipe, should

be shown, using continuous thin lines (type B, IS0 128)

7.3 Longitudinal and angular dimensions

Longitudinal and angular dimensions should be indicated in accordance with IS0 129; the length shall start from the outer faces of the pipe ends, flanges, or centre of the joint, whenever appropriate

7.4 Pipes with bends

Pipes with bends shall be dimensioned from central line to central line or from the central line to the end of the pipe (see figure 6)

x 7,5

Figure 4

Figure 6

7.5 Radii and angles of bends

Radii and angles of bends may be indicated as shown in figure 7

The functional angle shall be indicated

Figure 5

7 Dimensioning and special rules

7.1 General

Drawings shall be dimensioned in accordance with IS0 129

There are, however, special rules for isometric projection for

pipelines which are specified in 7.2 to 7.10

7.2 Diameters and wall thickness

The outer diameter (d) and the wall thickness (t) of pipes may

be indicated in accordance with IS0 5261 (see figure 6)

Nominal dimensions may be indicated in accordance with

IS0 3545 using the short designation “DN” (see

IS0 6412-1 : 1989, figure 1)

NOTE - Bends may be simplified by extending the straight length of the flow line to the vertex However, the actual bends in the pipes may

be shown for sake of clarity In this case, if projections of bends would otherwise have been elliptical, these projections may be simplified by drafting circular arcs

Figure 7

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Levels should be indicated in accordance with IS0 129 and If necessary, the auxiliary hatched projection planes can be IS0 6412-1 (see figure 8) dimensioned (see figure IO)

The horizontal part of the leader line shall follow the direction of

the associated flow line

If it is necessary for manufacturing and/or technical reasons to indicate double dimensioning, one of the dimensions should be indicated in parentheses

Figure 8

The direction of slope shall be indicated by a right-angled

triangle above the flow line, pointing from the higher down to

the lower level, without changing the isometric direction of the

flow line

The amount of slope shall be indicated in accordance with the

method shown in figure 9 and in IS0 6412-I

7.10 Dimensioning for pipe-bending machines

The dimensioning is defined on the basis of a reference system (point of origin) (see figure 23)

8 Graphical symbols

It may, however, be useful to specify the slope be referring to a

datum level (see figure 9)

Figure 9

7.8 Positions of ends of pipes

If necessary, the positions of the ends of the piping may be

specified by indicating the coordinates referring to the centres

of the end faces

In the case of adjacent drawings, a reference should be given

For example, “continued on drawing x”

6.1 General Graphical symbols for pipeline systems shall be in accordance with the International Standards given in clause 2 and in annex A and shall be drawn using the isometric projection method (see figure 11)

Figure 11

4

Copyright International Organization for Standardization

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8.2 Examples of graphical symbols drawn with

the isometric projection method

8.2.1 Valves

See examples in figures 12 and 13

NOTE - Valve actuators should only be shown if it is necessary to

define their positions or the kind of actuators (spindle, piston, etc.)

If shown, an actuator with a position parallel to one of the coordinate

axes need not be dimensioned Deviations from such positions should

be indicated (see figure 13)

Figure 12

Figure 13

8.2.2 Transition pieces (cones)

The relevant nominal sizes shall be indicated above the

graphical symbols (see figure 14)

8.2.3 Supports and hangers

See examples in figures 15 and 16 See also IS0 6412-1 : 1969,

6.3

/ Y /

Figure 15

Figure 16

8.2.4 Crossings

Crossings shall be shown in accordance with IS0 6412-1 : 1969,

5.1

If it is absolutely necessary to indicate that one pipe has to pass behind the other, the flow line representing the hidden pipe shall be interrupted (see figure 17) The width of each interrup- tion shall not be less than five times the thickness of the con- tinuous line

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8.2.5 Permanent junctions

See examples of a weld in figure 18 and of a site weld in

figure 19

8.2.7 Flanges

See examples in figures 21 and 22

Figure 21 Figure 18

9 Examples

8.2.6 General connections

If the kind, or type, of connection is not specified, a general

symbol should be used (instead of the more detailed symbols

given in IS0 4067-l)

Examples of isometric projection are given in figures 23 and 24

See example in figure 20

Figure 20

Copyright International Organization for Standardization

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1

\

9

r

r;

II

tz

/ /

X

NOTE - Points at which the pipe changes direction and connections are indicated by reference numbers The pipe and the reference numbers are identical to those in the orthogonal representation illustrated in IS0 5412-l : 1989, figure 25

Figure 23

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Copyright International Organization for Standardization

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(informative) Bibliography

IS0 498 : 1987, Technical drawings - Tolerancing of linear and

angular dimensions

IS0 841 : 1974, Numerical control of machines - Axis and

motion nomenclature

IS0 1219 : 1976, Fluid power systems and components -

Graphic symbols

IS0 1503 : 1977, Geometrical orientation and direction of

movements

IS0 3098-l : 1974, Technical drawings - Lettering - Part I:

Currently used characters

IS0 351 l-l : 1977, Process measurement control functions and

instrumentation - Symbolic representation - Part 1: Basic

requirements

IS0 351 l-2 : 1984, Process measurement control functions and

instrumentation - Symbolic representation - Part 2: Exten-

sion of basic requirements

IS0 3511-3 : 1984, Process measurement control functions and instrumentation - Symbolic representation - Part 3: De tailed symbols for instrument interconnection diagrams

IS0 3511-4 : 1985, Process measurement control functions and instrumentation - Symbolic representation - Part 4: Basic symbols for process computer, interface and shared display/control functions

IS0 4067-I : 1984, Technical drawings - Installations - Part 7: Graphical symbols for plumbing, heating, ventilation and ducting

IS0 4067-6 : 1985, Technical drawings - Installations - Part 6: Graphical symbols for water supply and drainage systems in the ground

IS0 5455 : 1979, Technical drawings - Scales