Difin tfeh dit eanh tie, mat nudc cang ldn tM tii nguyfin nflng, lam, Muy san ngiy cang nMdu, tidm nang khai Mdc vd phat tridn nganh nghd cang Idn, kha ndng tao vigc Idm ttong nfing ngMg
Trang 1HBHIEH BDB-1MB BSI
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M O T SO NHAN TO ANH HUUNG DEN GIAI QUYET VIEC LAM CHO LAO DONG NONG THON TRONG XAY DUNG NONG THON MOl
NGUYEN THU GIANG*
I Cac nhdn to' ve ngudn luc va Ipi the
• trong phat trien kinh te
Ddt dai
Ddt dai la mdt ydu td cfra qud trinh san xudt, cd
vai trd quan trpng khdng cM ddi vtt nfing ngMgp,
mi cdn dfli ven cflng ngMgp, dich vu pM nfing
ngMfip Difin tfeh dit eanh tie, mat nudc cang
ldn tM tii nguyfin nflng, lam, Muy san ngiy cang
nMdu, tidm nang khai Mdc vd phat tridn nganh
nghd cang Idn, kha ndng tao vigc Idm ttong nfing
ngMgp, nfing Mfin edng eao
Ccf sd hg tdng ky thuat:
Co sd ha tdng ky Mudt bao gflm: Hg Mflng
duttig giao Mdng, Mfry Igi, dign, Mdng tm Udn
lae Id cde yeu td giin tidp gdp phdn tao ra viee
lim vd ndng eao Mgu qua vigc Iam Vf du, kM nam
bdt duge nMdu Mdng tin, su Iua chpn vd san xuit
cai gi, Iam nhu Md nao, vdi cdng nghg nao cung dd
ding hem ndu Mdng tM Udn lac phit tridn Hon
ntta, vigc phit tridn ca sd ha ting ky Mudt d cdc
cflng ddng ddn eu se Mu but din cu, thflc dly nhu
cdu tieu dung, M dd thu hut su diu M ski xuit eua
eie doanh ngMgp, do dd gian tidp tao mdi tmdng
phdt tridn vifie ldm ttong tflng cdng ddng
Vd'n
6 cip dd vi md, vdn Ii ngudn Iuc co ban Muc
diy su phdt tiidn kinh td cua qudc gia, dia fiiuang
Mdng qua cic hoat ddng ddu M d cdp dfl vi md,
vdn vfla la phucmg tign, viia Id mue tidu cho su
phit tridn kinh td doanh ngM^, kinh td hd gia
dinh Nhu edu vd vdn diu tt san xuit Id nhu edu
tdt ydu, nd cang quan trpng bon ddi vdi hd mufln
md rdng quy md san xuit
Ddn so, nguon lao ddng
Tdng truttig ddn sd vtt tdc dfi vd quy mfi hpp
ly l i ngufln cung cdp ngudn nhin Iuc vd gii Tuy
nMfin, ndu din sd phdt tridn qud nhanh, quy mfi
phdt tridn Idn vugt kha ndng dap flng vd ygu eiu
* Hoc vifn Cao hgc Qudn ly kmh ti Hgc viin Chinh tri Khu vi
cua xa hfii Mi tdng tmdng dan sd khfing ph^
Id ydu tfi rich cue m i Iai Id ginh nang eho nln kinh td
Sd lugng va ehdt lugng ngudn Iao dfing ed dnh
huttig true tidp dfii v&i vSn dd tao vigc lim Ndu
trinh dfi cfra ngutt Iao ddng khfing ddp Mig dupc
v^ ydu ciu cfing Wgc se din ddn ty lg tfidt nghi^
tMdu vigc Idm cao ldn
Ngodi ra, vdh dd di din va cic ddng M din, dac bigt li di ddn M nfing Mdn ra dd thi giy ra cac ap Iuc kinh td - xa hdi va ehinh tri cdn nguy Mdm hon
so v&i ty le gia ting din sd nhanh chdng Qui trtnh dd thi hoa giy ra hdu qua true tidp ddn vh
di vigc Idm, dd cd thi thu hflt hdt sd lao ddng
nfing Mdn mit mfing, cdn phai nhanh chdng tao ra mfit sd lupng ldn chfi lim vigc
NhOng toi the cua diaphi&mg
Nhflng lpi Md cua dia phuang Id didu kign cho dia phuong ttong phdt tiidn kmh td ndng Mdn, met
ra nhflng hudng phit tridn san xuit, tao vigc Iam, giai quydt nhu eiu vigc lam cho Iao ddng nfing thdn Trfin co sd lpi Md dd, dia phuong d^ ra nhflng chfrih sdch Mu hut diu M, tao vigc Idm cho nMdu Iao dfing Lgi Md dd bao gdm:
- Lgi Md vd didu kign tu nMfin: Ngudn tai nguyen tfiidn nMdn vi tii tta ly, didu kign tu nMgn
- Lgi Md vd xd hdi: Ydu td Iao ddng, ydu td Mudc vd phong tiie tdp qudn cfra tflng viMg nfing Mfin
- Lgi Md vd chmh sich: Oiinh sdch hfi ttg phat tridn giao Mdng, chinh sdch vd iM dung tai chinh
- Quy md phdt tiidn, co cdu san xuSit va Idia ndng phat tridn kinh td cua dia phuong
2 Cac ydu to xd hpi:
Chinh sdch viec ldm cua Ddng vd Nhd nudc
- Nhdm chihh sich chung d tdm vi mfi: Chfrih
sich tm dung, cbinh sich ddt dai, chinh sdch Mud
Trang 2- Nhdm ehinh sich khuydn kMch phdt ttidn
nhttng Unh vue, hinh Mflc vd vung cd kha ndng Mu
hut dugc nMdu lao ddng ttong co chd tfii tmdng
nhu: Chinh sdch phit tiidn doanh ngMgp vita vd
nhd, chuih sdch phdt tiidn khu vue pM kdt ciu,
chmh sich di din va phit tndn vilng kinh td mtt,
chfnh sdch dua lao ddng di ldm vigc cd Mtt ban d
nudc ngodi, chinh sdch khdi phue vd phii tridn
lang nghd
- Nhdm chinh sdch vigc Iam cho cdc ddi Mpng
Id ngutt cd efing va chinh sdch xa hfii ddc bidt
khac nhu: Thuong binh, bgnh binh gia dinh Ugt si,
ngutt tin tit, dtt tugng xa bdi
- Chinh sach vigc Iam Mudc hg Mdng chiiih
sach xa hdi, nhung phuong Mtte va bign phip giai
quydt vigc lam mang nfii dung ldnh td ddng Mtt
Ugn quan d&i nhQng vdh di Mufie vd td chflc san
xudt kinh doanh nhu: Tao mfii ttudng phap ly,
vdn, lua chpn va chuydn giao cdng nghg, co sd ha
ting, tbi trudng tidu Mu san phdm
Chinh sdch vegido due ddo tgo vd khoa hoc
-cong nghe
Ddi v&i Unh vuc lao ddng, vigc lam, su phit
tridn cua khoa hpc, cdng nghg mang lai nMdu ca
hdi di con ngutt cd Md phit huy kha ndng cfra
minh nhung ddng Mtt cimg tao ra khdng it nhQng
Mich Mflc Ngutt lao ddng mudn tfiich flng v^
cic cfing vide xa hfii ydu cdu, tmdc hdt hp phai Id
nhung ngutt dugc trang bi nhit dinh vd khoa hge
-cfing nghg Tuy nMdn, ttong Muc td d nhQng nudc
san xuit kem phit tridn Mudng ed mdu Mudn: Ndu
edng nghg san xudt tidn tidn vdi cic ddy chuydn
san xuit tu ddng hod, chuydn mdn hoi eao tM
trinh dd ngutt Iao dfing ehua bdt kip dd dib ddn
tlnh trang mfit bfi phdn ngutt lao ddng hi gat ra
khdi qud binh san xudt kinh doanh Vl Md, bdn
eanh cdng vific dao tao ndng eao trinh dd ldnh
nghd cho ngutt Iao ddng, vdh dd lua chgn ip dung
mflc dfi cfing nghg ndo ttong ddy ehuydn kinh
doanh phai tuih todn thdn trgng Btt vdy, chmh
sdch gido due - dao tao khoa hpc - cdng nghd cd
tac dfing manh me ddn v&i dd giai quydt vige lam
cho ngutt Iao ddng nfing Mdn
Thi trudng lao ddng
Hign nay, Mdn tucmg eung ldn hon eiu vd lao
dfing da din ddn sflc dp rdt Idn vd vific ldm; cfl eiu
kinh td dang trong qud tiinh chuydn dich, nhung
didn ra cdn chdm vd khd khdn Cung ldn hem ciu
vd Iao dfing Id do Iao dfing tdng vdi ty lg cao, ddn
ddn mfii nam cd khoang trdn 1 trigu Manh Men budc vao Mdi lao dfing Sd nay Mam gia vao thi
ttudng lao dfing ngdy mfit ddng vd vdi kha nang tu
giai quydt vigc Iam rit khic nhau, nhung cd didm chung Id khfing dugc dio tao nghd Vi vdy, cfing tdc day nghd vd phd cdp nghd trd Manh vdh dd cap bach vd ed tinh cMen luge, Ii khiu Men ehdt ning cao chit lugng vi sfle eanh tranh cua Iao dfing trfin thi tmdng
Lao dfing ndng Mdn lufln cMdm hfln 70% lao dfing cfra ca nudc, ndu cM lam Muin nfing, tu eung, tu edp tM sd lao dfing tMdu hoic khfing ed vigc Iam se ngay mfit tdng Sd ndy se tu phat di chuydn ra Manh phd hodc cdc khu cdng nghigp tip tmng dd fim kiem vige lam, Iam cho cung vd lao dflng ttdn thi ttudng lao dflng ngay cing ldn
Quan bg cung cdu vi lao dflng cdn cdng Ming
vd mat kdt cdu din ddn tinh trang "Mit ngMgp ket cdu" Didu nay Md Mgn d chd, mdt sd ngdnh tidm ndng cdn ldn, ed kha nang Mu hut dugc nMdu lao dfing, nhung chua tao ra dugc nhflng didu kign dd bidn kha nang Manh Mdn Mue d mdt sd vung Trong kM dang cd xu hudng lao ddng bi ddy ra
d mdt sfi' Unh vuc iH ddng Mtt mfit &6 Enh vuc vd
cde hinh Mflc khic lai xuit Mgn kha ndng Mu hut Mfim lao dfing nhu kinb td hd gia dinh, cic doanh ngMgp nhd nhung Iai chua cd chuM sdch khuydn kM'ch Mda ding Dac bidt la tMdu ddi ngu Iao ddng cd trinh dd eao dd Iam vige trong mfit sd Unh vuc dp dung cdng nghg mtt
Quan hi kinh ti'hgp tdc
Trong didu kifin Md gitt ngay nay, cin khai Mae vd sfr dung tdt cdc ydu td bdn ngoii, ddng Mtt phai phat huy tdi da ndi luc kdt hgp ndi luc
v&i ngoai luc tbanh sflc manh tdng bgp ttong giai
quydt vige iam mdt each ndng ddng, Mgu qua, bdn vung, trdnh dugc nhttng rfri ro
Trong edng tie giai quydt vide Idm cho lao dfing ndng Mdn tM quan iig kinb id hgp tic duge dinh gia Ii mfit ydu td quan trpng hang diu Quan
he hgp tdc didn ra gitta cde chfnh quydn dia
phucmg ven eie efing ty ttong va ngoii nudc
Thdng qua cac cdng ty nay, lao ddng cd Md tim dupe vide Idm tt cdc boat dfing pM nfing ngMgp nhu: lam cfing nhdn ttong cdc kiiu cfing ngMgp, khu kinh td, kiiu chd xudt hay giup vide gia (finh Thtt gian gin ddy, xudt khiu lao dfing dang la huttig giai quydt vige Idm cd Mgu qua cho lao ddng du Mfla cfra hdu hdt cic vung ndng Mfin.lEl
TAP CHt G l A o D g c L t LUiikN - S(5 222 (2014)
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