Sách Tư pháp quốc tế phục vụ cho quá trình dạy và học trong trường đại học và cao đẳng trong cả nước. Sách Tư pháp quốc tế phục vụ cho quá trình dạy và học trong trường đại học và cao đẳng trong cả nước.
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Trang 6-* ≠ÙD O∑ŽIB ≠-úP >CÏIC >×< O∏ KCõK LPÙ> Oy****************************-1.* KC≈H QD ≠DfiP >CÏIC >ð< O∏ KCõK LPÙ> Oy*********************************.d/* KC∑µIB KCõK ≠D‰P >CÏIC >ð< O∏ KCõK LPÙ> Oy********************** 1/*-* Fczd lpzo q kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ g„********************* 1/*.* Kc∏∂ib kczk spib ™¸o $kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÅp ^cÉic bdzi odÅk%********************* 2/*/* Kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic oc½^ ^cÀo $kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÉic omÐ^ od„k% 50* OöI BÒD >×< O∑ KCõK LPü> Oy******************************************************** /.1* QÓ OMù >£< O∑ KCõK LPˉ> O‚ OMJIB CÍ OCÙIB KCõK GP—O /4
* LPT KC≈H KCõK GP—O >×< O∏ KCõK LPÙ> O‚******************************02-*-* Fczd lpzo q cÎ ocıib lpt kc∆h kczk gp“o ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„************** 02-*.* Lpt kc∆h kczk gp“o spib ™¸o****************************************************************04-*/* Lpq kc∆h kczk gp“o oc½^ ^c|o***************************************************************11-*0* L∏t kc∆h kczk gp“o oı oÐib****************************************************************** 12.* IBPˉI >ð< O∑ KCõK LPÙ> Oy***************************************************** 514.*-* >z^ gj∆d ibp˜i ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„*******************************************************14.*.* ≠dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^ o„***********************************************************************************2,.*/* Gp“o kczk ^Ý\ h˙d lpÜ^ bd\ ) ibp˜i ^â\ O∏ kczk l∏Ü^ oÅ************************22.*0* O“k lpzi lpı^ o„***********************************************************************************25
Trang 7-* FCõÏ LPõO Qfi >Cð OC‚ >ð< O∏ KCõK LPÙ> O‚*************************** 32.* IB∑ˇD I∑˝> IBJìD****************************************************************************33.*-* Fczd idÎh ib∏Łd i∏˛^ ibj{d q{ kc|i icÑh ib∏Łd i∏˛^ ibj{d****************33.*.* Lpt ^c„ kczk g© _|i n½ ^Ý\ ib∏Łd i∏˛^ ibj{d************************************* 4,.*/* Lpt ^c„ kczk gq ^Ý\ ib∏Łd i∏˛^ ibj{d o∆d QdÎo I\h*****************************43/* KCõK ICôI I∑˝> IBJìD*******************************************************************44/*-* Fczd idÎh kczk ic|i i∏˛^ ibj{d********************************************************44/*.* Lpt ^cÅ kczk g© _|i n½ ^Ý\ kczk ic|i i∏˛^ ibj{d******************************* 5-/*/* Lpt ^c„ kczk g© ^Ý\ kczk ic|i i∏˛^ ibj{d o∆d QdÎo I\h**********************5./*0* Lpt ^c„ kczk g© ^Ý\ kczk ic|i QdÎo I\h cj∆o ™¸ib Ł i∏˛^ ibj{d*********5.0* LPˉ> BD< ) >Cð OCö ≠ > =DÍO >ð< O∑ KCõK L¦Ù> O‚***************5/0*-* >∂ nŠ sz^ ™Ôic lpt ^c„ kczk g© ™€^ ]dÎo ^â\ lpı^ bd\ omjib O∏ kczk
lpı^ o„*********************************************************************************************** 5/0*.* I¸d _pib lpt ^c„ kczk Ìq ™€^ ]dÎo ^â\ lpı^ bd\*&***********************************-,0
>C∑µIB 06 SPIB ≠˚O KCõK GP—O*************************************************** 2-* FCõD IDÍH SPIB ≠˚O KCõK GP—O************************************************** 2.* KC∑µIB KCõK BD«D LPT‚O S∑IB ≠˚O KCõK GP—O********************** 4.*-* S|t _½ib q{ zk _Ðib ^z^ lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo $kc∏∂ib kczk oc½^ ^cÀo%* 4.*.* S|t _½ib q{ zk _Ðib ^z^ lpt kc∆h spib ™¸o $kc∏∂ib kczk spib ™¸o%** 5/* H˚O NÙ FDÊP CÍ OCP˚> GP—O ^ ∂ =«I*******************************************-.,/*-* Gp“o ic|i oc|i $G`s K`mnji\gdn%************************************************************-.,/*.* Gp“o lpÜ^ oÔ^c ^Ý\ kczk ic|i $G`s Nj^d`o\odn%*************************************** - /*/* Gp“o ijd ^Ñ o{d n»i $G`s m`d ndo\`%**********************************************************-.//*0* Gp“o i∂d f© f„o cžk ™˜ib $G`s gj^d ^jiom\^opn%************************************* -.0
0
Trang 8/*1* Gp“o i∂d oc½^ cdÎi ibc±\ qÐ $G`s gj^d njgpodjidn%********************************** -.2/*2* Gp“o i∂d oc½^ cdÎi cÚk ™˜ib $Gj^pn Çjmh\i m`bdn \^oph%********************** -.2/*3* Gp“o i∂d qd kc∆h kczk gp“o $G`s gj^d _`gd^od ^jhhdnnd%**************************-.3/*4* Gp“o i∂d od„i c{ic f„o cÜi $G`s gj^d ^`g`]m\odjidn%******************************* -/,/*5* Gp“o i∏˛^ ib∏Łd ]zi $G`s q`i_dojmdn%************************************************** -/-/*-,* Gp“o g½\ ^cÚi $G`s qjgpio\odn%*********************************************************** -/-/* * Gp“o ^Ñ hıd gdÅi cÎ ^c€o ^c∙ icÀo q˛d cžk ™˜ib
$Oc` kmjÇ`m g\r ja ^jiom\^o%*************************************************************** -/2/*-.* Gp“o lpı^ f¥ $G`s Çg\bd%********************************************************************-/3/*-/* Gp“o i∂d ™¨ib f© lpı^ oÔ^c o{p ]\t*****************************************************-/4/*-0* Gp“o oÖ\ zi $G`s ajmd%************************************************************************ -/4
-* N½ >’I OCD‚O …K ?¦IB KCõK GP—O I∑#ü>I B J ì D**********************-00.* IBPTöI O”> õK ?¦IB KCõK GP—O I∑˝> IBJìD*********************** -1,/* H˚O Nˉ QŒI ≠fi KCõK G® KCõO NDIC FCD õK ?¦IB
KCõK GP—O I∑˝> IBJìD**************************************************************** -1//*-* =»j g∏p om“o o½ ^Üib ^¸ib*******************************************************************-1//*.* ?Õi ^cd„p ib∏ž^ omŁ g∆d $M`iqjd Ì% q{ _–i ^cd„p ™„i kczk gp“o ^Ý\ i∏˛^ocÞ ]\ $M`iqjd DD%***************************************************************************** -12/*/* QÀi ™Â gœi omzic kczk gp“o $Çm\pn g`bd a\^o\%****************************************** -2,
-* N½ >ìI OC-yO Sõ> ≠ÓIC OCÃH LPTúI >ð< O°< õI L∑ü> BD<
≠ÙD Q˝D >õ> Q¦ QDÍ> ?ôIn½^Ñ T‚P Oı 3P]@IBJìD************-22.* H˚O NÙ >«I >ý Sõ> ≠ÓIC OCŒH LPTöI SyO s ¹ >ð<
O°< õIL∏Ü^ BD< OC@J KCõK GP—O >õ>I∏˛^********************43-30
Trang 9/* OC«H LPTöI SyO s¹#>ð< O°< õI >õ> I∏˛^ OC«IC QDöI
@P OC@J =M∑NN@G M@B∑G<ODJI************************************************* -320* Sõ> ≠ÓIC OC«H L∑TfiI >ð< O°< õI QDÍO I<H ≠ÙD Q˝D
>õ> Q¦ QDÍ> ?ôI N½ >ü T‚P Oü 3P]@IBJìÏ************************** -43
0*-* IbptÅi o‘^ sz^ ™Ôic ocœh lptÂi********************************************************Ì430*.* Sz^ ™Ôic ocœh lptÂi s~o s−^Ý\ oÖ\ zi QdÎo I\h oc`j ^z^ cdÎk ™Ôic
o∏∂ib omž o∏ kczk lpı^ o„ nd³\ QdÎo I\h q{ ^z^ i∏˛^************************* -430*/* Sz^ ™Ôic ocœh lptÂi s~o s¹^Ý\ oÖ\ zi QdÎo I\h oc`j
kczk gp“o QdÎo I\h************************************************************************** -5.1* õK ?¦IB KCõK GP—O OMJIB BD«D LPT‚O >õ> qÐ QDÍ>
?ôI N½ >ü T‚P Oı I∑˝> IBJìD************************ *********************** -3Ñ* ðT OCõ> O∑ KCõK*****************************************************************************.-42*-* Fczd idÎh**************************************************************************************.-42*.* Oc½^ cdÎi Ýq ocz^ o∏ kczk o∆d QdÎo I\h******************************************** ,
IBJìD************************* *****************-******************** -****************************** 4-* FCõD IDÍH***************************************************************************************** 4.* >†IB IC—I Qì OCÏ CìIC =«I õI >£< O°< õI
I∑˝> IBJìD************************************************************************************./,.*-* >Üib ic“i q{ ocd c{ic ^z^ ]»i zi ^Ý\ oÖ\ zi i∏˛^ ibj{d o∆d
h¸o nı i∏˛^*************************************************************************************./,.*.* >Üib ic“i q{ ocd c{ic ^z^ ]»i zi( lpt„o ™Ôic _|i n½ ^Ý\ oÖ\ zi
i∏˛^ ibj{d o∆d QdÎo /* >†IB IC—I Qì OCD CìIC LPTfiO ≠ÓIC >×< OMÒIB OìD
I\h*************************************************************** 2./-3O\- 3/4J1""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""%&)
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Trang 10/*-* >Üi` ∏˛^ I`rtjmf -514 q ^Üin ic“i q{ ocd c{ic lpt„o ™Ơic
^â\ omÚib o{d i∏˛^ ibj{d*******************************************************************./5/*.* >Üib ic“i q{ ocd c{ic lpt„o ™Ơic ^p\ omÚib o{d i∏˛^ ibj{d
o∆d QdỴo I\h*******************************************************************************-.-.0
-* FCõD IDÍH****************************************************************************************** 1/.* BD«D LPTyO SPIB ≠˚O KCõK GP—O Qú L∑TúI n˛ Cþ∑*************.10.*- IbptÅi o‘^ ^cpib omjib qdỴ^ bd»d lpqÅo spib ™¸o kczk gp“o qÂ
lptÂi nŁ c−p ™ıd q˛d o{d n»i**************************************************************.10.*.* Ic³ib om∏Łib cžk ibÚ\d gỴ *************************************************************.15.*/* Sz^ ™Ơic lptÂi nŁ c³p ™ıd q˛d o{d n»i ™\ib omÅi ™∏Łib q“i ^cpqÁi*****.2,
&" 69;U3 7_ 0a9 -`+ 3/O^Y 3P]@ 3/4J1 8T1 :1W8 3+2"""""""""/* Ì* LptÂi nŠ c³p ^Ý\ ib∏Łd i∏˛^ ibj{d o∆d QdỴo I\h****************** -/,.2-/*.* LpqÂi nŠ c³p ^Ý\ ^z^ ic{ ™Õp o∏ i∏˛^ ibj{d o∆d QdỴo I\h***************** 24
-* FCõD IDÍH*****************************************************************************************.31.* BùìDLPTyO SPIB ≠˚O KCõK GP—O Qfi C¸k ≠°IB ^ Đ
TyP Ó I∑˝> IBJìD*******************ĩ*************X**********************************.32.*-* Bd»d lpt„o spib ™¸o kczk gp“o q o∏ ^z^c kczk g© ^Ý\ ^z^ ]Åi
f© f„o cžk ™˜ib*******************************************************************************.32.*.* Bd»d lpt„o spi\ ™¸o kczk gp“o q cÉic ocÞ^ ^Ý\ cžk ™˜ib******************* 33.*/* Bd»d lpt„o spib ™¸o kczk gp“o q ocŁd ™dÁh q{ i∂d bd\j f„o cžk ™˜ib
omjib om∏Łib cžk cžk ™˜ib ™∏ž^ bd\j f„o q‘ib h€o******************-/5.35.*0* Bd»d lpt„o spib ™¸o kczk gp“o q lptÂi q{ ibc±\ qÐ ^Ý\ ^z^ ]Åi
omjib cžk
Trang 11™˜ib**********************************************************************-0,.4-.*1* Bd»d lpt„o spib ™¸o kczk gp“o q sz^ ™Ôic ocŁd ™dÁh ^cptÁi lptÂi
nŁ c³p q{ ^cptÁi _Ô^c mÝd mj omjib cžk ™˜ib hp\ ]zi lpı^ oÅ**************.4./* >õ> GJ≈D CŽK ≠ˆIB ^ Ñ T‚P O˘ 3P]@IBJìD**************************.41/*-* Cžk ™˜ib hp\ ]zi c{ib cÑ\ lpı^ o„**************************************************.41/*.* Cžk ™˜ib ^cptÅi ^cŠ c{ib cÑ\ spÀo ic“k fcœp ]÷ib ™∏Łib ]dÁi********.5./*/* Cžk ™˜ib ^cptÅi bd\j ^Üib ibcÎ************************************************* -1,/,,/*0* CÚk ™˜ib ^cptÁi bd\j lptÂi n¹ _Ðib ™ıd o∏žib nŠ c³p omÇ opÎ
$Cžk ™˜ib gds¨ib%*************************************************************************** /,2/*1* Cžk ™˜ib ^cptÁi ic∏žib lptÂi nŁ c³p omÇ opÎ***********************************/-2/*2* Cžk ™˜ib Am\i^cdndib********************************************************************** /-2/*3* CÚk ™˜ib _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d********************************************** /-3
>C∑µIB -,6 =ˆD OC∑ˇIB OCDÍO C≈D IBJìD CŽK ≠ˆIB*************** /./-* FCõD IDÍH**************************** *********************** *********************************** /./.* BD«D LPT‚O SPIB ≠˚O KCõK GP—O Q‰ =°D OC∑ˇIB
OCDÍO C≈D IBJìD CŽK ≠†IB*************** ************************************** /.0/* BD«D LPT‚O S∑IB ≠˚O KCõK GP—O Q‰ =†D OC∑ˇIB
OCDÍO C≈D IBJìD CŽK ≠†IB OC@J KCõK GP—O QDÍO I<H******//1
-* FCõD IDÍH*****************************************************************************************/0,.* >õ> ≠D‰P ∑˝> LPÙ> O‚ Q‚ nŁ C×∑ OMù OPÍ*******************************/00.*-* >z^ ™dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^ o„ q lptÂi oz^ bd»************************************************* /00.*.* ≠dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^ o„ q nŁ c³p ^Üib ibcdÎk**********************************************/15.*/* >z^ ™dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^ o„ q nŠ c³p omÇ opÎ************************************************* /32/* =«J C¸ LPT‰I nŠ C²P OMù OPÍ ^ Ñ T‚P Oı I∑˝> IBJìD
OC@J KC<K GP—O >ð< QDÍO I<H**************************************************/45
+*
Trang 12=O< Cdịk ỖÔic oc∏∂ib h∆d Qdịo I\h ) Cj\ Fặ
>C >Ĩib cơ\
>C?>I? >Ĩib cơ\ _|i ^câ ic|i _|i
>CI? >Ĩib cơ\ ic|i _|i
>CSC>I >Ĩib cơ\ s} cĨd ^cÝ ibcỬ\
D>> Kcơiđố oc∏∂iỷ h∆d lpư^ oÁ
K>O Cdịk ∏˛^ cžk oz^ nzib ^cẦ
OMDKN Cdịk ỖÔic q ^z^ fcđ\ ^∆ic gdẫi lp\i ỖẦi oc∏∂ib h∆d
^â\ lptÂi nŁ c³p omđ opịPI>DOM<G Ýt ]\i gpỀo oc∏∂ib h∆d lpı^ oẦ ^Ý\ Gdẫi Cžk Lpı^RDKJ O˘ ^cẺ^ nề c³p omđ opị ocẦ bd˛d
ROJ O˘ ^cẺ^ oc∏∂ib h∆d ocẦ bd˛d
SC>I S} cĨd ^cÝ ibcỬ\
QD<> Ompib o|h omÚib o{d lpı^ oẦ Qdịo I\h
Trang 13+( ìÜ> Hú‰B< ì>ÉI 8=ÃB= 8Ó6 HI D=ÇD EIÜ8 H¬Lpz omÉic cžk oz^ lpı^ o„ ™} g{h kczo ndic icdÂp hıd lp\i cÎfcz^ ic\p bd³\ ^z^ lpı^ ›d\( ^z^ o˘ ^cÞ^ lp˘^ o„( bd³\ ^Üib _|i( ^∂lp\i( oÜ ^cÞ^ ^Ý\ ^z^ i∏˛^* ≠€^ ]dÎo omji› sp oc„ fcp q½^ cjz( oj{i
^Õp cjz iÂi fdic o„ cdÎi i\t( ^z^ hıd lp\i cÎ lpı^ o„ kczo omdÁi oc`jc∏˛ib ib{t ^{ib ™\ _∆i∂( kcÞ^ o∆k icpib icÉi ^cpib ^Ñ ocÁ ^cd\oc{ic c\d icÑh ^∂ ]{i* >z^ lp\i cÎ kczo ndic omjib lpz omÉic cÚk oz^lpı^ o„ bd³\ ^z^ lpı^ bd\( ^z^ o˘ ^cÞ^ gdÅi ^cÇic kcÝ ic∏ lp\i cÎ qÂ
^cÇic omÔ( fdic o„( q¨i cjz( fcj\ cÚ^ f¥ ocp“o( lp|i n½***( omjib ™Ñ ^cÝtÁp g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎ ^cÇic omÔ( ocp¸^ ™ıd o∏žib ™dÂp ^cÌic ^Ý\ ^Üibkczk lpı^ oÁ* Ic³ib lp\i cÎ kczo ndic `d³\ ^Üib _|i( ^∂ lp\i( o˘
^cÞ^ ^Ý\ ^z^ i∏˛^ fcz^ ic\p q{ omjib h¸o nı lp\i cÎ icÀo ™Ôic bd³\lpı^ bd\ q˛d ^Üib _|i( ^∂ lp\i( o˘ ^cÞ^ i∏˛^ ibj{d cj€^ ic³ib lp\i
cÎ kczo ndic bd³\ ^Üib _|i( ^∂ lp\i( o˘ ^cÞ^ ^Ý\ h¸o i∏˛^ ic∏ib ^ÑgdÅi lp\i ™„i tÁp oı i∏˛^ ibj{d _j h¸o nı ib{ic gp“o ic∏ O∏ kczklpı^ o„( gp“o oc∏∂ib h∆d lpı^ o„ ™dÂp ^cÌic*** >z^ lp\i cÎ _j O∏ kczklpı^ o„ ™dÂp ^cÌic mÀo ™\ _∆ib( ^cÝ t„p g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎ n\p6
) Sz^ ™Ôic i¨ib g½^ kczk gp“o _|i n½ q{ i¨ib g½^ c{ic qd _|i n½
^Ý\ ib∏Łd i∏˛^ ibj{d7
) Sz^ ™Ôic i¨ib g½^ kczk gp“o _|i n½ ^Ý\ kczk ic|i i∏˛^ ibj{d7) Lp\i cÎ nŠ c³p ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ iíj{d7
) Lp\i cÎ cÚk _˜ib oc∏∂ib h∆d lpı^ o„ ic∏ cžk ™˜ib hp\ ]zic{ib cÑ\ lpı^ o„( cžk ™˜ib q“i ^cptÁi c{ib cÑ\ lpı^ o„( cžk
™˜ib ^cptÁi ic∏žib ™€^ lptÂi oc∏∂ib h∆d( cžk ™˜ib ^cptÁi
“\j ^Üib ibcÎ***7
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Trang 14=O< Cdịk ỖÔic oc∏∂ib h∆d Qdịo I\h ) Cj\ Fặ
>C >Ĩib cơ\
>C?>I? >Ĩib cơ\ _|i ^câ ic|i _|i
>CI? >Ĩib cơ\ ic|i _|i
>CSC>I >Ĩib cơ\ s} cĨd ^cÝ ibcỬ\
D>> Kcơiđố oc∏∂iỷ h∆d lpư^ oÁ
K>O Cdịk ∏˛^ cžk oz^ nzib ^cẦ
OMDKN Cdịk ỖÔic q ^z^ fcđ\ ^∆ic gdẫi lp\i ỖẦi oc∏∂ib h∆d
^â\ lptÂi nŁ c³p omđ opịPI>DOM<G Ýt ]\i gpỀo oc∏∂ib h∆d lpı^ oẦ ^Ý\ Gdẫi Cžk Lpı^RDKJ O˘ ^cẺ^ nề c³p omđ opị ocẦ bd˛d
ROJ O˘ ^cẺ^ oc∏∂ib h∆d ocẦ bd˛d
SC>I S} cĨd ^cÝ ibcỬ\
QD<> Ompib o|h omÚib o{d lpı^ oẦ Qdịo I\h
Trang 15+( ìÜ> Hú‰B< ì>ÉI 8=ÃB= 8Ó6 HI D=ÇD EIÜ8 H¬Lpz omÉic cžk oz^ lpı^ o„ ™} g{h kczo ndic icdÂp hıd lp\i cÎfcz^ ic\p bd³\ ^z^ lpı^ ›d\( ^z^ o˘ ^cÞ^ lp˘^ o„( bd³\ ^Üib _|i( ^∂lp\i( oÜ ^cÞ^ ^Ý\ ^z^ i∏˛^* ≠€^ ]dÎo omji› sp oc„ fcp q½^ cjz( oj{i
^Õp cjz iÂi fdic o„ cdÎi i\t( ^z^ hıd lp\i cÎ lpı^ o„ kczo omdÁi oc`jc∏˛ib ib{t ^{ib ™\ _∆i∂( kcÞ^ o∆k icpib icÉi ^cpib ^Ñ ocÁ ^cd\oc{ic c\d icÑh ^∂ ]{i* >z^ lp\i cÎ kczo ndic omjib lpz omÉic cÚk oz^lpı^ o„ bd³\ ^z^ lpı^ bd\( ^z^ o˘ ^cÞ^ gdÅi ^cÇic kcÝ ic∏ lp\i cÎ qÂ
^cÇic omÔ( fdic o„( q¨i cjz( fcj\ cÚ^ f¥ ocp“o( lp|i n½***( omjib ™Ñ ^cÝtÁp g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎ ^cÇic omÔ( ocp¸^ ™ıd o∏žib ™dÂp ^cÌic ^Ý\ ^Üibkczk lpı^ oÁ* Ic³ib lp\i cÎ kczo ndic `d³\ ^Üib _|i( ^∂ lp\i( o˘
^cÞ^ ^Ý\ ^z^ i∏˛^ fcz^ ic\p q{ omjib h¸o nı lp\i cÎ icÀo ™Ôic bd³\lpı^ bd\ q˛d ^Üib _|i( ^∂ lp\i( o˘ ^cÞ^ i∏˛^ ibj{d cj€^ ic³ib lp\i
cÎ kczo ndic bd³\ ^Üib _|i( ^∂ lp\i( o˘ ^cÞ^ ^Ý\ h¸o i∏˛^ ic∏ib ^ÑgdÅi lp\i ™„i tÁp oı i∏˛^ ibj{d _j h¸o nı ib{ic gp“o ic∏ O∏ kczklpı^ o„( gp“o oc∏∂ib h∆d lpı^ o„ ™dÂp ^cÌic*** >z^ lp\i cÎ _j O∏ kczklpı^ o„ ™dÂp ^cÌic mÀo ™\ _∆ib( ^cÝ t„p g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎ n\p6
) Sz^ ™Ôic i¨ib g½^ kczk gp“o _|i n½ q{ i¨ib g½^ c{ic qd _|i n½
^Ý\ ib∏Łd i∏˛^ ibj{d7
) Sz^ ™Ôic i¨ib g½^ kczk gp“o _|i n½ ^Ý\ kczk ic|i i∏˛^ ibj{d7) Lp\i cÎ nŠ c³p ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ iíj{d7
) Lp\i cÎ cÚk _˜ib oc∏∂ib h∆d lpı^ o„ ic∏ cžk ™˜ib hp\ ]zic{ib cÑ\ lpı^ o„( cžk ™˜ib q“i ^cptÁi c{ib cÑ\ lpı^ o„( cžk
™˜ib ^cptÁi ic∏žib ™€^ lptÂi oc∏∂ib h∆d( cžk ™˜ib ^cptÁi
“\j ^Üib ibcÎ***7
+/
Trang 16) Lp\i cÎ nŠ c³p omÇ opÎ ^Ñ tÁp oı i∏˛^ ibj{d7
) Lp\i cÎ cÜi ic|i q{ bd\ ™Éic ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ i`j{d7
) Lp\i cÎ oc−\ f„ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d7
) Lp\i cÎ g\j ™¸ib ^Ñ t„p o˘ i∏˛^ ibj{d7
) Lp\i cÎ oı oÐib _|i n½ ic÷h Ē7d»d lpt„o ^z^ qÐ qdÎ^ _|i n½ ^Ñt„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d***
S~o q ]»i ^cÀo( kcÕi g˛i ^z^ lp\i cÎ omÅi g{ ic≤ib lp\i cÎ _|in½ ^Ñ t„p o˘ i∏˛^ ibj{d* Ic³ib lp\i cÎ i{t ^Ñ c\d ™€^ oih∂ ^∂ ]»i6L\– b\qh& ëw `o WnW eiUb \ Xpb g‘(
O∆d QdÎo I\h om∏˛^ ™|t( ocp“o ib− îlp\i cÎ _|i n½ï ™∏ž^ lpt
™Ôic omjib ^z^ q¨i ]»i lpt kc∆h kczk gp“o oc∏Łib ™∏ž^ cdÁp oc`jibc±\ c›k( ^cd# ]\j b˜h ^z^ lp\i cÎ ic|i oc|i q{ o{d n»ikczo ndicomjib bd\j g∏p _|i n½* ≠dÂp i{t spÀo kczo o− lpt ™Ôic o∆d≠dÂp -=¸gp“o _|i n½ -5516 :≈ `i¨h Xpb g‘ eim ëΩb\ ëΩU jΩ d\nd `ê W|U Wnb\pb& d\nd b\pb jo WnW W\œ h\t _\nW& eim∂b& b[\ïU jŒ WœU WnW W\|h\t hfcb[ eiUb \ ho] g¶b& eiUb \ b\íb h\pb hfcb[ []Uc `öi Xpb g‘&lpm XŒb[ W\ipb a‘W d\nd `ê W\c WnW –v][ l“ WœU WnW W\œ h\y _\]h\Ua []U eiUb \ Xpb g‘Ç( Q˛d lpt ™Ôic i{t lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^cd ™∏ž^cdÁp oc`j ibc±\ c›k* Omji: fcd ™Ñ( ^z^ lp\i cÎ ocp¸^ ™ıd o∏žib ™dÂp
^cÉic ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ fcÜib ^cÌ ]\j b˜h ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½oc`j i∂c±\ c›k h{ ^Öi ]\j b˜h ^» ^z^ lp\i cÎ g\j ™¸ib( oc∏∂ib h∆d(cÜi ic|i bd\ ™Éic*** ^Ñ t„p o˘ i∏˛^ ibj{d* >cÇic qÉ q“t( ™˜ ^cd ^z^lp\i cÎ ocp¸^ ™ıd o∏žib ™dÂp ^cÌic ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ oÁ( icdÂp oz^bd» o∆d QdÎo I\h ™} n¹ _Ðib ocp“o ib³ îlp\i cÎ _|i n½ oc`j ibc±\m¸i:ï c\t îlp\i cÎ h\ib ]»i ^cÀo _|i n½ï*
Bdzj omÉic O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( Om∏Łib ≠C Gp“o C{ I¸d( IS= >Üi` \i ic|i _|i( -553( om*37 ≠j{i I¨ib( Ic³ib qÀi ™Â Ó© Ìp“i ^∂ ]»i q O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( IS= >cÇic omÔ Lpı^ bd\( ,,-( oÇW 5 )- - 7 IbptÂi Ompib OÇi ) IbptÈi IbÚ^ G|h( q qdÎ^ sz^ ™Ôic ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ oc`j ibc±\ m¸ib ^Ñ t„p oı
Trang 17=¸ gp“o oı oÐib _|i n½ QdÎo I\h ™∏ž^ Lpı^ c¸d fcÑ\ DS ocÜiblp\ ib{t -1+2+.,,0 ™} ™∏\ m\ ^z^c cd„p h˛d q fczd idÎh _|i n½ fcdlpt ™Ôic o∆d ≠dÂp -6 Å:≈ `i¨h h¡ uŒbºΩ Xqb g‘ eim ëΩb\ b\|b[ b[imtbhÆW Wô V¶b hhN ïº7hc hŒb[ Xpb g‘5 hfvb\ h‘& h\œ hŒW _\…] _] b ët Lco nbºΩ]œ] eimtu W{W jŒ nb jt hfUb\ W\ßd Xpb g‘& `{a b\pb jo []U ëvb\& _]b\XcUb\& h\öôb[ a•]& `Uc ëÕ]]ºº #gUi ëpm [æ] W\ib[ `o jŒ nb Xpb g‘$ j|hfvb\ h‘& h\| hŒW mti W©i ët Lco nb ]ºáo] eimth WnW j] W jt mti Wpi Xqbg‘& \yb b\pb jo ܺáMëvb\& _]b\ #`cUb\& h\aa[ a•]& `Uc ë≈b[ #gUi ëpm[æ] W\ib[ `o j] W Xpb g‘$5 hfvb\ h‘& h\œ hŒW []¶] eimµh jŒ nb Xpb g‘&j] W Xpb g‘ #gUi ëpm [æ] W\ib[ `| jŒ j] W Xpb g‘$ h•] Lôo nb((( ( ≠dÅp
- =¸ gp“o $g|i n½ i¨h ,,1 h¸o gÕi i³\ fcÿib ™Ôic lp\i ™dÁh omÅifcd lpt ™Ôic6 Å:≈ `i¨h Xpb g‘ eim ëΩb\ ëΩU jΩ d\nd `ê& W\i™b a‘Wd\nd `ê W\c WnW\ {b[ l“ W|U Wn b\pb& d\nd b\ñb& W\œ h\t _\nW5eim∂b& b[\ïU jŒ WœU WnW W\œ h\y j∂ b\pb h\pb jo ho] gob hfcb[ WnWeiUb \ Xpb g‘& \yb b\pb j| []U ëvb\& _vb\ XcUb\& h\öôv][ a•]& `Ucë≈b[ #gUi ëpm [æ] W\ib[ `| eiUb \ Xpb g‘$Ç( Ib{t -1+ +.,,2
>cÇic kcÝ ]\i c{ic IbcÔ ™Ôic -/4+>K lpt ™Ôic ^cd od„o ocd c{ic ^z^lpt ™Ôic ^â\ =¸ gp“o _|i n½ q lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p o˘ i∏˛^ ibj{d*
≠dÂp / IjcÔ ™Ôic i{t ™} ›d»d ocÇ^c h¸o ^z^c má m{ib ocp“o ib³ îlp\i
cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{dï ™∏ž^ cdÁp g{ ÅWnW eiUb \ Xpb g‘&
\yb b\pb jo []U ëvb\& _]b\ XcUb\& h\öôb[ a•] jo `Uc ë≈b[((( ïÆQ˛d
^z^ lpt ™Ôic omÅi( fczd idÎh lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ™} ™∏ž^ cdÁp oc`j ibc±\m¸ib( fcÜmoÌ& ^cÌ ]\j b˜h ^z^ lptÂi( ibc±\ qÐ ^Ý\ ^z^ ^cÝ ocÁ q ic|ioc|i q{ o{d n»i omjib ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ h{ ^Öi omjib ^z^ lp\i cÎcÜi ic|i q{ bd\ ™Éic( fdic _j\ic( oc∏∂ib h∆d( g\j ™¸ib* Omjib ^pıibdzj omÉic i{t( ^càib oÜd n¹ _Ðib ocp“o ib³ îlp\i cÎ _|i n½ï oc`jibc±\ m¸ib ic∏ ™} ™∏ž^ lpt ™Ôic o∆d ^z^ q¨i ]»i lpt kc∆h kczk gp“oom^i*
L\– \U]& ëw `o WnW eiUb \≈ Ww mti hy bö«W b[co](
i∏˛^ ibj{d omjib kczk gp“o QdÎo I\h( O∆k ^cÇ ic{ i∏˛^ q{ kczk gp“o nı /+.,,0( om*30*
S`h ≠dÂp / IbcÔ ™Ôic omÅi*
+1
Trang 18O∆d QdỴo I\h( ^z^ ^¨i ^Þ ™Â sz^ ™Ơic ỵt„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{dï omjib
^z^ lp\i cỴ _|i n½ ™} ™∏ž^ fcÿib ™Ơic omjib =¸ gp“o _|i n½ q{ ^z^q¨i ]»i lpt kc∆h kczk gp“o fcz^* ≠dÂp 4.2 =¸ gp“o _|i n½ -551 lpt
™Ơic ÅIiUb \ Xpb g‘ Ww mµi h¡ bư«W b[co] ëưÕW \]tb `o WnW eiUb \Xpb g‘ Ww b[ư»] bư«W b[co]& d\nd b\pb bư«W b[co] h\Ua []U \c±WWíb W– ëµ lnW `≈d( h\Um ëy] \c±W W\Ỉa #`–h eiUb \ ëw d\nh g]b\ …bư«W b[co] \c±W ho] g¶b `]tb eiUb ëtb eiUb \ ë¿ « bư«W b[co] (Lpt ™Ơic omÅi ^Đ © ibcO\ mÀo g˛i ^» q g© gp“i q{ oc½^ odÈi qÉ gÕi ™ÕpodÅi o∆d QdỴo I\h ỵt„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{dï omjib lp\i c¸ _|i n½ ™} ^cÇicocÞ^ ™∏ž^ ™Ơic ibc±\ omji∂ h¸o ™dÂp gp“o ^Ð ocÁ ^Ý\ h¸o q¨i ]»i kczkgp“o ^Đ cdỴp g½^ kczk g© mÀo ^\j g{ =¸ gp“o _|i n½* ≠dÂp ™Đ ™} o∆j n½ocp“i gžd q{ ocıib icÀo ^cj qdỴ^ sz^ ™Ơic ỵt„p o˘ i∏˛^ ibj{dï fcÜib
^cÌ omjib ^z^ lp\i cỴ _|i n½* Opt icdÅi( lpt ™Ơic omÅi ™} fcÜib fczdlpzo ™∏ž^ c„o ^z^ lp\i cỴ _|i n½ ^Đ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d kczo ndicomjib oc½^ odÈi( qÇ _Ð ic∏ lp\i cỴ _|i n½ kczo ndic bd³\ ^Üib _|iQdỴo I\h ™Ơic ^∏ Š i∏˛^ ibj{d q˛d ^Üib _|i( kczk ic|i QdỴo I\ho∆d QdỴo I\h cj€^ lp\i cỴ _|i n½ bd³\ ^Üib _|i QdỴo I\h ic∏ibkczo ndic oc`j kczk gp“o i∏˛^ ibj{d cj€^ lp\i cỴ kczo ndic bd³\ ^z^o˘ ^cÞ^ fcÜib ^Đ o∏ ^z^c kczk ic|i ^Ý\ ^z^ i∏˛^ fcz^ ic\p*** OmÅioc½^ o„( ™dÂp i{t ™} b|t fcÜib Ço fcĐ fc¨i ^cj ^∂ lp\i ^Đ ocœhlptÂi omjib qdỴ^ sz^ ™Ơic h¸o lp\i cỴ _|i n½ g{ ^Đ tÁp oı i∏˛^ ibj{dc\t fcÜib* ≠„ fc‘^ kcÐ^ ic³ib ocd„p nĐo ™Đ( h¸o nı q¨i ]»i lptkc∆h kczk gp“o ^Ý\ QdỴo I\h fcd ™∏\ m\ fczd idỴh q lp\i cỴ ^Đ t„p
oı i∏˛^ ibj{d omjib ^z^ lp\i cỴ kczk gp“o ^cptÅi ib{ic h€^ _â q–i_½\ omÅi lpt ™Ơic ^Ý\ ≠dÂp 4.2 =¸ gp“o _|i n½ -551 ic∏ib ^Đ ]˘npib ocÅh h¸o nı t„p o˘ i∏˛^ ibj{d fcz^* QÇ _Ð( ≠dÂp 4( fcj»i -0Gp“o CÜi ic|i q{ bd\ ™Éic QdỴo I\h i¨h ,,, lpt ™Ơic6 ÅIiUb \
\yb b\pb jo []U ëvb\ Ww mµi h¡ bư«W b[co] ëưÕW )`]ti `o eiUb \ \ybb\pb jo []U ëvb\4
' ?]”U Wyb[ Xpb N] h FUa jo b[ư»] bư«W b[co]5
' ?]”U b[ư»] bư«W b[co] N#"f] b\Ui h\ư»b[ hf{ hŒ] N] h FUa5
Trang 19) ?]”U Wyb[ Xpb N] h Fia jw] b\Ui a| Wíb W– ët lnW `¨d( h\Umëy] \c±W W\pa X–h eiUb `] ëw h\Yc d\nd `i¨h bư«W b[co] \c±Who] g¶b `]tb eiUb ëµb eiUb \ ëw … bư«W b[co]Ç
≠dÂp 0,1 fcj»i =¸ gГo oı oÐib _|i n½ QdỴo I\h ,,0 lpt
™Ơic6 ỵ NŒ j] W Xpb g‘ W¿ mµi hc bư«W b[co] `o jŒ j] W Xpb g‘ Ww uhb\nh a≈h hfcb[ WnW ëươb[ g‘ `| beư»] bư«W b[co]& b[ư»] N] h FUặΩb\ Wư « bư«W b[co] \c±W W{W eiUb \ Xpb g‘ []”U W{W qưWa[ g‘ `oWyb[ Xqb& Wơ eiUb& hy W\–W N] h FUa b\ib[ Wíb W– ët lnW `¨d& h\Umëy]& W\pa X–h eiUb \ ë¿ h\Yc d\nd `i¨h bư«W b[co]& d\nh g]b\ h•]bư«W b[co] \c±W ho] g¶b `]tb eiUb ëµb eiUb \ ëw … bư«W b[co]( ï
Opt icdÅi( ic³ib ]˘ npib omÅi( h¸o h€o( q–i ^c∏\ ]\j lpzo ™∏ž^c„o ^z^ ỵt„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{dï ^Đ ocÁ kczo ndic omjib oc½^ odÈi( h€o fcz^
^cÌ ™∏ž^ zk _Ðib ^cj ^z^ lp\i cỴ kczk gp“o ^cptÅi ib{ic* Fc‘^kcÐ^ ic³ib ocd„p nĐo ™Đ( ≠dÂp 314 =¸ gp“o _|i n½ i¨h ,,1 ™} hŠm¸ib fczd idỴh lp\i cỴ _|i n½ ^Đ t„p o˘ i∏˛^ ibj{d( oc`j ™Đ ÅeiUb
\ Xpb g‘ Ww mµi h¡ bư«W b[co] `o eiUb \ Xpb g‘ Ww uh b\ßh a≈h hfcb[WnW Vtb h\Ua []U `o Wơ eiUb& h√ W\–W& Wn b\pb bư«W b[co]& b[ư»] N] hFUa ëΩb\ Wư … bư«W b[co] \c±W eiUb \ Xpb g‘ []”U WnW Vtb h\Ua[]U `o Wyb[ Xpb& hy W\–W N] h FUa b\ưb[ Wíb W– ë∑ lnW `¨d& h\Um ëy]&W\pa X–h eiUb \ ëw h\Yc d\nd `i¨h bư«W b[co]& d\nh g]b\ h•] bư«Wb[co] \c±W ho] g¶b `]tb eiUb ëtb eiUb \ ëw … bư«W b[co] ( Ic∏q“t( ≠dÂp 314 =¸ gp“o _|i n½ i¨h ,,1 fcÜib ic³ib ^Đ n½ oc\¾ ™˘d
q ^Àp omà^ h{ ^Ưi ]˜ npib ocÅh h¸o nı ^¨i ^Þ ™Á sz^ ™Ơic t„p oıi∏˛^ ibj{d omjib ^z^ lp\i cỴ _|i n½*
Q˛d qdỴ^ sz^ ™Ơic lp\i cỴ _|i n½ ™∏ž^ cdÁp oc`j ibc±\ m¸ib oc`j
≠dÂp -( lpt ™Ơic o∆d ≠dÂp 314 =¸ gp“o _|i n½/™} o∆j ^∂ nŠ kczk g©
™Õt ™Ý q{ q³ib ^c‘^ ^cj qdỴ^ sz^ ™Ơic ocıib icÀo lp\i cỴ _|i n½ ^Đt„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d o∆d QdỴo I\h* S~o q h€o ^cÝ ocÁ( ^z^ ic{ g“k kczk
/ O− ™|t( fcd kc|i oÇ^c c\t omÇ^c _Õi ^z^ lpt ™Ơic ^Ý\ =¸ gp“o _|i n½( i„p
^càib oÜd fcÜib bcd má =¸ gp“o _|i n½ Ì551 ocÉ sdi cdÁp g{ ^càib oÜd kc|i oÇ^c cj€^ omÇ^c _–i lpt ™Ơic ^Ý\ =¸ gp“o _|i n½ ,,1*
+3
Trang 20QdÎo I\h ™} oz^c tÁp o˘ i∏˛^ ibj{d omjib ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ oc{icc\d icÑh* IcÑh ocÞ icÀo g{ ÅeiUb \ Xpb g‘ Ww uh vvv]œª a≈h hfcb[ WnWVtb h\Ua []U `o Wô eiUb& hy W\–W& Wn b\pb bö«W b[co]( b[ö»] N] hFUa ëΩb\ Wö … bö«W b[co]Ç& q{ icÑh ocÞ c\d g{ ÅeiUb \ Wªp]ï g‘uΩ]”U WnW Vtb h\Ua []U `o Wyb[ Xpb& hy W\–W N] h FUa b\ib[ Wíb W–
ët l{W `¨d& h\Um ë¿]( W\pa X–h eiUb \ ëw h\Yc d\nd `i¨h bö«W b[co]&d\nh g]b\ h•] bö«W b[co] \c±W ho] g¶b `]tb eiUb ëti eiUb \ ëw …bö«W b[co]( ï Ic∏ib s~o ˛ bÑ^ ™¸ o˘ib lpzo( ît„p oı i∏˛^ iij{dïomjib ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ™∏ž^ sz^ ™Ôic oc`j ^z^ ^¨i ^Þ6
L\– b`]ßh& q ^cÝ ocÁ6 Ço icÀo h¸o omjib ^z^ ]Åi oc\h bd\ lp\i cÎg{ ^∂ lp\i( oÜ ^cÞ^( ^z ic|i i∏˛^ ijj{d cj€^ i›∏Łd QdÎo I\h ™Ôic ^∏
Š i∏˛^ ibj{d* QÇ _Ð( ^cÝ ocÅ ^Ý\ h¸o lp\i cÎ cžk ™˜ib g{ ^z^ kczkic|i cj€^ ^z ic|i ^Ñ lpı^ oÔ^c fcz^ ic\p7 lp\i cÎ cÜi ic|i ∆d³\ c\d
^Üib _|i h\ib lpı^ oÔ^c fcz^ ic\p*** OmÅi oc½^ o„( kcÕi g˛i ^z^lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ijj{d Ì{ ^z^ lp\i cÎ kczo ndic bd³\ ^∂lp\i( oÜ ^cÞ^( ^z ic|i ^Ý\ ^z^ i∏˛^ fcz^ ic\p*
L\– \U]4 o{d n»i gdÅi lp\i ™„i lp\i cÎ i÷h Š i∏˛^ ibj{d* ≠|t g{
^z^ lp\i cÎ kczo ndic bd³\ ^Üib _|i( oÜ ^cÞ^ QdÎo I\h ic∏ib o{d n»igdÅi lp\i ™„i lp\i cÎ ™Ñ i÷h Ł i∏˛^ ibj{d* QÇ _Ð( om\ic ^cÀk cÚk
™˜ib bd³\ ^Üib _|i QdÎo I\h icpib o{d n»i om\ic ^cÀk i÷h Š i∏˛^ibj{d ***
L\– VU4 >¨i ^Þ sz^ g“k( oc\t ™˘d( ^cÀh _Þo lp\i cÎ oc`j kczkgp“o i∏˛^ ibj{d cj€^ kczo ndic o∆d i∏˛^ ibj{d* ≠|t ^≤ib g{ ^z^ lp\i
cÎ kczo ndic bd³\ ^Üib _|i( o˘ ^cÞ^ QdÎo I\h ic∏ib ^¨i ^Þ sz^ g“k(oc\t ™Üd( ^cÀh _Þo lp\i cÎ ™Ñ oc`j kczk gp“o i∏˛^ ibj{d cj€^ kczondic o∆d i∏˛^ ibj{d( qÇ _Ð ^z^ ]Åi f© f„o cžk ™˜ib Š i∏Þ^ iëj{d( f„ocÜi Š i∏˛^ ibj{d***
O− n½ kc|i oÇ^c omÜi ^Ñ ocÁ fcÿib ™Ôic ™˘d o∏žib ™dÂp ^cÉic ^Ý\O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d*
Trang 21Ic∏ q“t( h€^ _â lp\i ™dÁh ^Ý\ ^z^ i∏˛^ ^Öi fcz^ ic\p ic∏ib
^Ñ ]\ qÀi ™Â h{ cÕp c„o ^z^ i∏˛^ ™Âp icÉi ic“i ocp¸^ kc∆h qd ™dÂp
^cÌic ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ g{6
) Sz^ ™Ôic ocœh lptÂi ^Ý\ oÖ\ zi lpı^ bd\ ™ıd q˛d ^z^ qÐ qdÎ^_|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d*
) Sz^ ™Ôic kczk gp“o zk _Ðib ™ıd q˛d ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p
oı i∏˛^ ibj{d*
) >Üib ic“i q{ ocd c{ic ]»i zi( lpt„o ™Ôic ^Ý\ oÖ\ zi qâ lpt„o
™Ôic ^Ý\ omÚib o{d i∏˛^ ibj{d*
>càib oÜd ^cj m÷ib qdÎ^ sz^ ™Ôic ™ıd o∏žib ™dÂp ^cÌic ^Ý\ O∏kczk lpı^ o„ ic∏ Š QdÎo I\h q{ GdÅi ]\ib Ib\ g{ kcâ cÚk* >≤ib ^ÕiicÀi h∆ic( lp\i ™dÁh i{t ™∏ž^ ™∏\ m\ b‘i gdÂi q˛d gÔ^c n¹ kczk gp“oo∆d ^z^ i∏˛^ s} c¸d ^cÝ ibc±\( fcd h{ omjib h¸o ocŁd bd\i _{d ^z^ib{ic gp“o o∏ ic∏ gp“o oc∏∂ib h∆d( gp“o nŁ c³p omÇ opÎ*** cÕp ic∏fcÜib kczo omdÁi h{ ™∆j gp“o ^cÝ t„p ™dÂp ^cdic ^z^ lp\i cÎ o∏ g{ gp“o_|i n½( ™dÂp ^cdic ^z^ lp\i cÎ o∏ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d d{ O∏ kczklpı^ o„* ?j ™Ñ( i¸d _pib ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ oÁ ™∏ž^ ibcdÅi ^Þp Łkc∆h qd mÀo m¸ib( ]\j b˜h oÀo ^» ic³ib qÀi ™Â gdÅi lp\i ™„i lp\i cÎ_|i n½ ^Ñ tÁp oı i∏˛^ ibj{d ic∏ ™} omÉic ]{t Ł omÅi* Opt icdÅi( ^Õikc»d icÉi ic“i m÷ib cdÎi i\t fcÜib ^cÌ ^Ñ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ™dÂp
^cÌic ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d* Gp“o oc∏∂ib h∆d lpı^
oÁ ^≤ib ™dÂp ^cÉic ^z^ lp\i cÎ oc∏∂ib h∆d lpı^ o„ ^» Š bÑ^ ™¸ lp\i
cÎ oc∏∂ib h∆d ^Üib q{ lp\i cÎ oc∏∂ib h∆d o∏* Q{ omjib sp oc„ h^Qd(lp\i cÎ nŠ c³p omÇ opÎ kczo omdÁi mÀo h∆ic ^» omjib kc∆h qd lpı^ bd\q{ omÅi lpt hÜ lpı^ o„( q˛d qdÎ^ ]\i c{ic ^z^ ]¸ gp“o c\t ™∆j gp“o qÂ
nŠ c³p omÇ opÎ ocÉ nŁ c³p omÇ opÎ ^≤ib ™\ib ™∏ž^ oc−\ ic“i g{ h¸oib{ic gp“o ™¸^ g“k q{ h¸o hÜi fcj\ cÚ^ kczk g© ™¸^ g“k* ?j ™Ñ( ^\ikc»d ibcdÅi ^Þp h¸o ^z^c fcj\ cÚ^ ™˙ sz^ ™Ôic má kc∆h qd ™dÅp ^cÉic
^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ™Á fcÜib omâib g‘k c\t gÀi n|i ^z^ hÜi fcj\cÚ^ kczk g© fcz^*
,
Trang 22q˛d mÀo icdÂp lp\i ™dÁh fcz^ ic\p h{ ™„i i\t q–i ^c∏\ ™∏\ m\ ™∏ž^lp\i ™dÁh oc˘ib icÀo*
O∆d QdÎo I\h( GdÅi ]\ib Ib\ q{ h¸o nı i∏˛^ fcz^( q˛d lp\i
™dÁh ^cj m÷ib ™ıd o∏žib ™dÂp ^cdic ^â\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ g{ ^z^ lp\i
cÎ _|i n½ oc`j ibc±\ m¸ib ^Ñ t„p o˘ i∏˛^ ibj{d( _j ™Ñ kc∆h qd ™dÂp
^cÉic ^â\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ™∏ž^ sz^ ™Ôic mÀo m¸ib ]\j b˜h ^z^ qÀi
™Â gdÅi lp\i ™„i spib ™¸o kczk gp“o( ™„i ™Ô\ qÔ kczk g© ^â\ ^z^ ^cÝocÁ ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( ^z^ lp\i cÎ q lptÂi nŠ c³p ^Ñ tÁp oı i∏˛^ibj{d( oc−\ f„ ^Ñ tÁp oı i∏˛^ ibj{d( lp\i cÎ cÚk ™˜ib ^Ñ t„p oıi∏˛^ ibj{d ]\j b˜h ^» cžk ™˜ib hp\ ]zi lp˘^ o„( cÚk ™˜ib q“i
^cptÁi c{ib cÑ\ q{ q“i ^cptÁi c{ic fcz^c lpı^ o„( cžk ™˜ibGds¨ib( oc\ic ojzi lpı^ o„( lp\i cÎ nŠ c³p omÇ opÎ ^Ñ t„p o˘ i∏˛^ibj{d( lp\i cÎ cÜi ic|i q{ bd\ ™Éic ^Ñ t„p o˘ i∏˛^ ibj{d( lp\i cÎg\j ™¸ib ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d( lp\i cÎ oı oÐib _|i n½ lpı^ oÁ q{omÚib o{d oc∏∂ib h∆d lpı^ o„3*
O∆d <ic( HĞ( Ndib\kjm`( à^ q{ h¸o n˘ i∏˛^ fcz^( O∏ kczk lpı^o„ ™∏ž^ ibcdÅi ^Þp _∏˛d bÑ^ ™¸ gp“o spib ™¸o $q{ Š ^z^ i∏˛^ i{t O∏kczk lpı^ o„ ™∏ž^ bÚd q˛d oÅi bÚd kc˘ ]d„i g{ >jiÇgd^o ja G\qq ) Gp“ospib ™¸o% omjib ™Ñ o“k ompib q{j ]\ qÀi ™Â ^∂ ]»i g{ sz^ ™Ôic ocœhlptÂi ^Ý\ oÖ\ zi ^z^ i∏˛^ i{t omjib qdÎ^ bd»d lpt„o ^z^ om\ic ^cÀk o∏
^Ñ t„p o˘ i∏˛^ ibj{d7 qÀi ™Â g½\ ^cÚi kczk gp“o zk _Ðib ^cj ^z^om\ic ^cÀk omÅi $^cjd^` ja g\r%( n\p ™Ñ Ì{ qÀi ™Â q ^Üib ic“i q{ ocdc{ic ]»i zi( lpt„o ™Ôic ^Ý\ oÖ\ zi i∏˛^ ibj{d( lptÁo ™Ôic ^Ý\ omÚibo{d i∏˛^ ibj{d* >≤ib ^Õi icÀi h∆ic g{ ^z^ qÀi ™Â omÅi ™∏ž^ ibcdÅi
^Þp omjib oÀo ^» ^z^ lp\i cÎ kczk gp“o o∏ ic∏ lp\i cÎ o{d n»i( lp\i cÎcžk ™˜ib( ]˜d oc∏Łib ocdÎo c∆d ibj{d cžk ™˜ib( lp\i cÎ cÜi ic|i bd\
3 ≠∏ž^ oc cdÎi omjibmÀo icdÂp bdzj omÉic ^â\ QdÎo I\h q{ G= Ib\ ic∏ Bdzj omÉic O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( Om∏Łib ≠C Gp“o C{ I¸d( n™_7 Bdzj omÉic O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( Fcj\ gp“o ≠CLB C{ I¸d( n™™7 G*k* <ipÇmd`q\( Bdzj omÉic O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( n™_7 H*H* =pib\g\qnf±( Bdzj omÉic O∏ kczk ei¡W o„( H\s^∂q\ -545( n™_7 H*H* =pib\Ì\qnfd( Bdzj omÉic O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( H\s^∂q\ -554( n™_7 G*<* Gpin( Bdzj omÉic O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( n™_*
Trang 23™Éic( lp\i c¸ kcz n»i4*** Opt icd^i( ib\t o∆d <ic( HĞ( h¸o nı ic{ibcdÅi ^Þp ^≤ib ^Ñ fcptic c∏˛id± hŠ m¸ib kc∆h qd ™dÂp ^cÌic ^Ý\O∏ kczk lpı^ o„* QÇ _Ð( gp“o bd\ ib∏Łd <ic H* Ts\_\ ^cj m÷ib( omjib
™dÂp fdÎi lp\i cÎ lpı^ o„ ib{q i\t( O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ fcÜib ocÁ ]Ô c∆i
^c„ Š ib{ic gp“o spib ™¸o h{ kc»d g{ h¸o ib{ic gp“o ™dÂp ^cÌic ^z^lp\i cÎ lpı^ o„ o∏ fcÜib kcÐ ocp¸^ q{j kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic(kc∏∂ib kczk i{t ^Ñ ocÁ mÀo icdÂp5*
O∆d >C Kczk( qÀi ™Â ™œp odÅi ™∏ž^ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ibcdÅi ^Þpg{ lpı^ oÔ^c( n\p ™Ñ g{ lpt ^c„ kczk gq ^Ý\ ib∏Łd i∏˛^ ibj{d o∆d Kczk*
>z^ qÀi ™Â i{t ™∏ž^ ™dÂp ^cdic ]Šd ^z^ lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo ^Ý\ Kczklpt ™Ôic ™dÂp fdÎi ™Á ^Ñ lpı^ oÔ^c Kczk( q spÀo ic“k ^»ic( ^∏ omà
^Ý\ ib∏Łd i∏˛^ ibj{d( ^z^ lptÂi q{ i∂c±\ qÐ ^Ý\ cÚ o∆d Kczk* N\p ™Ñg{ ^z^ qÀi ™Â spib ™¸o kczk gp“o7 sz^ ™Ôic ocœh lptÂi s~o s¹ ^Ý\ oÖ\
zi lpı^ bd\7 ^pıd ^âib g{ q ^Üi: ic“i q{ ocd c{ic ]»i zi( lpt„o ™Ôic
^Ý\ oÖ\ zi i∏˛^ ibj{d( lpt„o ™Ôic ^Ý\ omÚib o{d i∏˛^ ibj{d*-,
O∆d =d( O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ™∏ž^ ibcdÅi ^Þp ic∏ h¸o ib{ic gp“ospib ™¸o( omjib ™Ñ ^Ñ ™Â ^“k ^cÝ t„p ™„i ^z^ qÀi ™Â q sz^ ™Ôic ocœhlptÂi s~o s− ^Ý\ oÖ\ zi ™ıd q˛d ^z^ qÐ qÔÅ^ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ibj{d q{ n\p ™Ñ g{ qÀi ™Â g½\ ^cÚi kczk gp“o q{ q ^Üib ic“i q{ ocdc{ic ]»i zi( lpt„o ™Ôic ^Ý\ oÖ\ zi i∏˛^ ibj{d( lpt„o ™Ôic ^Ý\ omÚibo{d i∏˛^ ibj{d* =\ G\i( Cpib\mt ^≤ib ^Ñ ^âib lp\i ™dÁh ic∏ omÅi*
4 QÇ _Ð6 KH Ijmoc \i_ EE A\m^`oo( >c`ncdm` \i_ Ijmocón Kmdq\o` Dio`mi\odji\g G\r( -/#W =poo`mqqjmoc( -5557 <_md\i =mÇbbn( Oc` >jiÇgd^o Ja G\r( JsÇjm_
∑idq`mndot Km`nn ,,.7 E*B*>jggd`m( >ji…d^o J a G\qq( /m™ `_( >\h]md_b`
∏idq`mndot Km`nn , ,Ì*
5 Bdzj omÉic O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( IS= Lp\i c¸ lpı^ o„ H\s^∂q\ -545( om\ib -* -, H(H* =pib\Ì\qnfd( Bdzj omÉic O∏ kcÀk lpı^ o„( n™_7 ON*≠ˆ q¨i ≠∆d*) KBN*ON H\d C˜ib Lp¥( O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ QdÎo I\h( IS= ≠CLB OK* CÜ
>cÇ Hdic ,,2( om -*
d a%Â ^∏∂ib bd»ib _∆t O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ^Ý\ BN* <mi\p_ Ipton( PiÉq`mndot ja
=mpnn`gn o∆Ç≠ CLB OK* C˜ >cÇ Hdic oczib ,-+.,,-*
Trang 24Ic∏ q“t( h€^ _â lp\i ™dÁh ^Ý\ ^z^ i∏˛^ ^Öi fcz^ ic\p ic∏ib
^Ñ ]\ qÀi ™Â h{ cÕp c„o ^z^ i∏˛^ ™Âp icÉi ic“i ocp¸^ kc∆h qd ™dÂp
^cÌic ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ g{6
) Sz^ ™Ôic ocœh lptÂi ^Ý\ oÖ\ zi lpı^ bd\ ™ıd q˛d ^z^ qÐ qdÎ^_|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d*
) Sz^ ™Ôic kczk gp“o zk _Ðib ™ıd q˛d ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p
oı i∏˛^ ibj{d*
) >Üib ic“i q{ ocd c{ic ]»i zi( lpt„o ™Ôic ^Ý\ oÖ\ zi qâ lpt„o
™Ôic ^Ý\ omÚib o{d i∏˛^ ibj{d*
>càib oÜd ^cj m÷ib qdÎ^ sz^ ™Ôic ™ıd o∏žib ™dÂp ^cÌic ^Ý\ O∏kczk lpı^ o„ ic∏ Š QdÎo I\h q{ GdÅi ]\ib Ib\ g{ kcâ cÚk* >≤ib ^ÕiicÀi h∆ic( lp\i ™dÁh i{t ™∏ž^ ™∏\ m\ b‘i gdÂi q˛d gÔ^c n¹ kczk gp“oo∆d ^z^ i∏˛^ s} c¸d ^cÝ ibc±\( fcd h{ omjib h¸o ocŁd bd\i _{d ^z^ib{ic gp“o o∏ ic∏ gp“o oc∏∂ib h∆d( gp“o nŁ c³p omÇ opÎ*** cÕp ic∏fcÜib kczo omdÁi h{ ™∆j gp“o ^cÝ t„p ™dÂp ^cdic ^z^ lp\i cÎ o∏ g{ gp“o_|i n½( ™dÂp ^cdic ^z^ lp\i cÎ o∏ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d d{ O∏ kczklpı^ o„* ?j ™Ñ( i¸d _pib ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ oÁ ™∏ž^ ibcdÅi ^Þp Łkc∆h qd mÀo m¸ib( ]\j b˜h oÀo ^» ic³ib qÀi ™Â gdÅi lp\i ™„i lp\i cÎ_|i n½ ^Ñ tÁp oı i∏˛^ ibj{d ic∏ ™} omÉic ]{t Ł omÅi* Opt icdÅi( ^Õikc»d icÉi ic“i m÷ib cdÎi i\t fcÜib ^cÌ ^Ñ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ™dÂp
^cÌic ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d* Gp“o oc∏∂ib h∆d lpı^
oÁ ^≤ib ™dÂp ^cÉic ^z^ lp\i cÎ oc∏∂ib h∆d lpı^ o„ ^» Š bÑ^ ™¸ lp\i
cÎ oc∏∂ib h∆d ^Üib q{ lp\i cÎ oc∏∂ib h∆d o∏* Q{ omjib sp oc„ h^Qd(lp\i cÎ nŠ c³p omÇ opÎ kczo omdÁi mÀo h∆ic ^» omjib kc∆h qd lpı^ bd\q{ omÅi lpt hÜ lpı^ o„( q˛d qdÎ^ ]\i c{ic ^z^ ]¸ gp“o c\t ™∆j gp“o qÂ
nŠ c³p omÇ opÎ ocÉ nŁ c³p omÇ opÎ ^≤ib ™\ib ™∏ž^ oc−\ ic“i g{ h¸oib{ic gp“o ™¸^ g“k q{ h¸o hÜi fcj\ cÚ^ kczk g© ™¸^ g“k* ?j ™Ñ( ^\ikc»d ibcdÅi ^Þp h¸o ^z^c fcj\ cÚ^ ™˙ sz^ ™Ôic má kc∆h qd ™dÅp ^cÉic
^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ™Á fcÜib omâib g‘k c\t gÀi n|i ^z^ hÜi fcj\cÚ^ kczk g© fcz^*
Trang 25Fcd s`h s^o kc∆h qd ™dÂp ^cÇic ^p\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ^cÌ iÜi o“kompin q{j ]\ qÀi ™Â ^∂ ]zi g{ sz^ ™Ôic ocÀh lptÂi ^Ý\ oÖ\ zi lpı^bd\ dmjib qdÎ^ bd»d lpt„o ^z^ qÐ qdÎ^ _|i n½ ^Ñ tÁp oı i∏˛^ ibj{d7 qÀi
™Â g½\ ^cÚi kczk gp“o zk _Ðib ^cj ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ibj{d7 qÀi ™Â ^Üib ic“i q{ ocd c{ic ]{i zi( lpt„o ™Ôic _|i n½ ^Ý\ oÖ\
zi i∏˛^ ibj{d( lpt„o ™Ôic ^â\ omÚib o{d i∏˛^ ibj{d* Opt icdÅi ^Õiicœi h∆ic g{ ^z^ qÀi ™Â omÜi kc»d ™∏ž^ ibcdÅi ^Þp omjib oÀo ^» ^z^lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d ic∏ lp\i cÎ q nŁ c³p( oc−\ f„(cžk ™˜ib( ]˜d oc∏Łib ocdÎo c∆d ibj{d cÚk ™˜ib( cÜi ic|i q{ bd\
™Éic*** =^i ^∆ic ™Ñ( lpt ™Ôic ^Ý\ kczk gp“o QdÎo I\h q lptÂi q{ibc±\ qÐ ^â\ ib∏Łd i∏˛^ ibj{d( ^∂ lp\i oı ^cÞ^ i∏˛^ ibj{d( ib∏ŁdQdÎo I\h ™Ôic ^∏ Ł i∏˛^ ibj{d omjib ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ q{ ^z^ lp\i
cÎ oı oÐib _|i n½ ^≤ib ^Õi ™∏ž^ ibcdÅi ^Þp ocÀp ™zj-.*
-( D=úöB< D=ÇD ì>ÅI 8=ÃB= 8Ë6 Hú D=ÇD LPü> H¬-(+( ?WiX `dic e≈ _Wùõ]V _Wi_ êX≈d RWÕ]W RÈP Hù _Wi_
`d’R c√
H˙d h¸o ib{ic gp“o ™Âp ^Ñ kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cdic ™€^ ocâ*Kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic ^Ý\ h¸o ib{ic gp“o îkcÐ ocp¸^ q{j i¸d _pib(oÇic ^cÀo ^Ý\ ^z^ lp\i cÎ s} c¸d $™˘d o∏žib ™dÂp ^cdic kczk gp“o% q{ ©hpıi ^cÝ lp\i ^Ý\ ic³ib ib∏Łd om½^ od„k ]\i c{ic kczk gp“o ocÜiblp\ n½ ic“i ocÞ^( © ocÞ^ ^Ý\ cÚ q gžd Ç^c bd\d ^Àk( gžd Ç^c s} c¸domjib h¸d bd\d ™j∆i gÔ^c n¹ï-/≠ıd o∏žib ™dÂp ^cÉic ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^
oÁ g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ inj{d _j ™Ñ O∏ kczk lpı^ oÁ
^Ñ ^z^ kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÉic ™€^ ocâ ^Ý\ ^z^ ib{ic gp“o o∏ g{kgpm∂i kczk ocÛ\ ocp“i( o½ ™Ôic ™j∆o* Opt icdÅi( ^z^ lp\i cÎ ocp¸^
™ı d o∏žib ™dÂp ^cdic ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ^Ñ ™€^ ™dÁh g{ oc∏Łib gdÅi
- S`h H¸o n˘ © fd„i q sz^ ™Ôic i¸d _pib ^Ý\ hÜi cÚ^ O∏ kczklpı^ o„ o∆d QI* O∆k ^cÇ fcj\ cÚ^ kczk g© ) nı / i¨h ,,3
Bdzj omÉic g© gp“i ic{ i∏˛^ q{ kczk gp“o( Om∏Łib ≠C Gp“o C{ I¸d( IS= o∏ kczk( ,,0( om10-
,/
Trang 26lp\i o˛d c\d c\t icdÂp cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o ^Ý\ ^z^ lpı^ bd\ fcz^ ic\p*
≠€^ ™dÁh i{t ™Öd cŠd O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ kc»d ^Ñ kc∏∂ib kczk ™d˙p
^cÌic ™€^ ocâ( ™Ñ g{ kc∏∂ib kczk spib ™¸o* Kc∏∂ib kczk spib ™¸o
™∏ž^ ^jd g{ kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic g|p ™Łd q{ g{ kc∏∂ib kczk ^cÝtÁp ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ fÁ o− fcd spÀo cdÎi ib{ic gp“o i{t* OpticdÅi( omjib ^z^ bd\d ™j∆i kczo omdÁi fcz^ ic\p ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„(q\d omÖ ™dÂp ^cÌic ^Ý\ kc∏∂ib kczk i{t ^Ñ ic³ib oc\t ™˘d icÀo ™Ôic*N\p ^cd„i om\ic oc„ bd˛d gÕi ocÞ c\d( ^z^ ™dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^ o„ ^Ñ ^cÞ\
™½ib ^z^ lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo om½^ od„k ™dÂp ^cÌic ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½
^Ñ t„p o˘ i∏˛^ ibj{d ib{t ^{ib ™∏ž^ f© f„o icdÂp c∂i* QdÎ^ oc−\ic“i q h€o kczk g© ic³ib lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo ocıib icÀo omjib qdÎ^
™dÂp ^cÌic ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d ™} _–i ™„i n½oc−\ ic“i kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic ocÞ c\d ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ )kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cdic oc½^ ^cÀo* Q{j ic³ib i¨h 1, ^Ý\ oc„ f₣ ,(
^z^ lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo ™dÂp ^cÌic ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ibj{d omjib ^z^ ™dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^ o„ ]‘o ™Õp ™∏ž^ icÉi ic“i g{ ic³iblpt kc∆h ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ oÁ q{ omŠ oc{ic ^Üib ^Ð ™dÂp ^cÌic ^Ý\kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic oc½^ ^cÀo* >≤ib ^Õi ocÀt m÷ib( fcd iÑd ™„ikc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÇic ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ) h¸o ib{ic gp“o ^Ñ ™ıdo∏žib ™dÂp ^cÌic mÀo ™€^ ]dÎo ocÉ ic³ib kc∏∂i› kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic i{tkc»d g{h i˘d ]“o ™∏ž^ ™€^ ™dÁh ™€^ om∏ib ^Ý\ lpt kc∆h kczk gp“o ^Ý\O∏ kczk lpı^ o„* Omjib fcd ™Ñ( ^z^ lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo ^Ñ omjib oÀo ^»
^z^ ib{ic gp“o o∏ ic∏ gp“o _|i n½( oc∏∂ib h ∆d*** Opt icdÅi kc∏∂ibkczk oc½^ ^cÀo q–i ™∏ž^ oc−\ ic“i ic∏ h¸o kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic
^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ qÉ ^z^ lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo ^cÝ t„p ^Ý\ O∏ kczklpı^ o„ g{ ^z^ lpt kc∆h ™∏ž^ s|t _½ib omjib ^z^ ™dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^ o„cj€^ ™∏ž^ oc−\ ic“i omjib ^z^ o“k lpzi lpı^ o„ ™Á om½^ od„k ™dÂp
^cÌic ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d*
-(,( DWùõ]V _Wi_ fd]V ê‹c #_Wùõ]V _Wi_ VXi] cX√_$
Kc∏∂ib kczk spib ™¸o g{ kc∏∂ib kczk n¹ _Ðib ^z^ lpt kc∆hspib ™¸o ic÷h g½\ ^cÚi cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o ocÇ^c cžk ™Á ™dÂp ^cdich¸o lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d ^Ð ocÁ*
Trang 27Lpt kc∆h spij ™¸o g{ gj∆d lpq kc∆h kczk gp“o ™€^ ]dÎo( h\iÌ&oÇic ™€^ ocâ ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( fcÜib ™dÂp ^cÌic om½^ od„k ^z^ lp\i
cÎ ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„* Lpt kc∆h spib ™¸o ^cd lpt ™Ôic ^z^ lpt o‘^bdàk sz^ ™Ôic cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o ^Õi ™∏ž^ zk _Ðib ™Á ™dÂp ^cÌiclp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d* I¸d _pib lp\i cÎ ^Ð ocÁ ™Ñ
™∏ž^ bd»d lpt„o ic∏ oc„ i{j n∙ _j cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o h{ lpt kc∆hspib ™¸o ™Ñ _Õi ^cd„p ™„i ™dÂp ^cÉic* ?j ™Ñ lpt kc∆h spib ™¸o g{lpt kc∆h ^Ñ ^cÞ^ i¨ib bdàk sz^ ™Ôic c¸ ocıib kczk gp“o ^Õi ™∏ž^ zk_Ðib ™Å ™dÂp ^cÌic lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ tÁp oı i∏˛^ ibj{d-0*
Kc∏∂ib kczk spi`7 ™¸o g{ kc∏∂ib kczk b‘i ^c€o qÑd n½ m\ ™Łd q{kczo omdÁi ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ q{ g{ kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic ^cÝ t„p
^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„* ≠dÂp i{t spÀo kczo o− ™ıd o∏žib ™dÂp ^cdic ^â\O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d( ^z^ lp\i
cÎ i{t oc∏Łib gdÅi lp\i ™„i c\d c\t icdÂp cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o( q h€og© gp“i( i„p h¸o lp\i cÎ s} c¸d gdÅi lp\i ™„i ]\j icdÅp lpı^ bd\ ocÉ
^Ñ ]Àt icdÅp cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o ^Ñ ocÁ ™∏ž^ zk _Ðib ™Á bd»d lpt„o*
≠dÂp i{t spÀo kczo o− ibptÅi oÀ^ ]Éic ™ÿib q ^cÝ lptÂi bd³\ ^z^lpı^ bd\ q{ o− ™Ñ g{ n½ ]Éic ™ÿib bd³\ ^z^ c¸ ocıib kczk gp“o omjibqdÎ^ ™dÂp ^cdic ^z^ hıd lp\i cÎ gdÅi lp\i ™„i ^z^ lpı^ bd\ ™Ñ* =Åi
^∆ic ™Ñ( kczk gp“o ^z^ i∏˛^ ™Âp ^ı b‘ib( omjib fc» i¨ib ^Ñ ocÁ ]»j
qÎ lptÂi gžd ^cj ^Üib _|i( kczk ic|i( ^cj ^∂ lp\i( o˘ ^cÞ^ ^Ý\ i∏˛^hÉic( _j ™Ñ ^z^ lpı^ bd\ ™Âp ^ı b‘ib ™Á zk _Ðib kczk gp“o i∏˛^hÉic omjib ^z^ hıd lp\i cÎ ^Ñ ^Üib _|i( ^∂ lp\i( o˘ ^cÞ^ i∏˛^ hÉicoc\h bd\* ?j ™Ñ( fcd spÀo cdÎi ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ tÁp oı i∏˛^ibj{d oc∏Łib ™˜iY ocŁd g{h spÀo cdÎi oÉic om∆ib ^Ñ c\d c\t icdÂp cÎocıib kczk gp“o ™Âp ^Ñ ocÅ ™∏ž^ zk _Ðib* >z^ cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o i{toc∏Łib lpt ™Ôic fcz^ ic\p fcd ™dÂp ^cÇic h¸o lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ð ocÅ(
qÉ q“t( zk _ÐiM cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o i{t ^Ñ ocÁ ™∏\ ™Åi h¸o cÎ lp»kczk g© fcz^ cÿi( ^Ñ fcd gâ omzd ib∏ž^ q˛d cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o fd\-1*
S`h ocÅh hÐ^ -*.* ^c∏∂ib *
-1 S`h Ocn GÅ OcÔ I\h Bd\ib ) O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( IS=≠CLBOKC>H ,,3 om* 4) 5
,1
Trang 28Omjib om∏Łib cžk i{t( ™Á bd»d lpt„o hıd lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oıi∏˛^ ibj{d ^Ð ocÁ ^càib o\ kc»d sz^ ™Ôic cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o i{j omjib
^z^ cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o gdÅi lp\i ^Õi ™∏ž^ zk _Ðib6 kczk gp“o ^Ý\i∏˛^#^Ñ oÖ\ zi c\t ^z^ ^∂ lp\i fcz^ ^Ñ ocœh lptÂi bd»d lpt„o $G`sAjmd% cj€^ kczk gp“o ^Ý\ i∏˛^ ibj{d ^Ñ gdÅi lp\i* QdÎ^ g½\ ^cÚi kczkgp“o zk _Ðib ™∏ž^ od„i c{ic _½\ q{j ^z^ lpt o‘^ ^cÚi gp“o ™∏ž^ lpt
™Ôic omjib lpt kc∆h spib ™¸o* >cÇic qÉ q“t( kc∏∂i∂ kczk spib ™¸og{ kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„* =Šd g∙ qdÎ^ oz^ ™¸ibgÅi ^z^ lp\i cÎ ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ™∏ž^ oc½^ cdÎi ocÜib lp\ ^z^lpt kc∆h spib ™¸o q{ ^cÇic lpt kc∆h i{t _–i ^cd„p ™„i h¸o cÎocıib kczk gp“o ^Ð ocÁ ™dÂp ^cÌic lp\i cÎ o∏ kczk lpı^ o„* Ic∏ q“t(kc∏∂ib kczk spib ™¸o ™dÂp ^cÌic ^z^ lp\i cÎ ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lp˘^ o„q˛d n½ omž bdàk ^z^ lpt kc∆h kczk gp“o oc½^ ^cÀo omjib cÎ ocıib kczkÌp“o h{ iÑ _–i ^cd„p ™„i* ?j ™Ñ( kc∏∂ib kczk i{t ^Öi ™∏ž^ bÚd g{kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÉic bdzi od„k*
QdÎ^ ™dÂp ^cdic ]÷ib kc∏∂ib kczk spib ™¸o ™} ™∏\ ™`i mÀo icdÂpfcÑ fc¨i( kcÞ^ o∆k ^cj ^cj oÖ\ zi q{ ^z^ ^∂ lp\i ^Ñ ocœh lptÂifcz^ ^≤ib ic∏ ^z^ ]Åi ™∏∂ib n½*
L\{ b\ßh& ^z^ lpt kc∆h spi: ™¸o fcÜib om½^ od„k bd»d lpt„o ^ÐocÁ lptÂi q{ ibc±\ qÐ ^Ý\ ^z^ ]Åi omjib ^z^ lp\i cÎ icÀo ™Ôic h{ iÑ
^cÉ g{h ™¸ib oz^ ompib bd\i( _–i ^cd„p ™„i h¸o cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o ^ÐocÁ* ?j ™Ñ( hpıi bd»d lpt„o h¸o lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p o˘ i∏˛^ ibj{d
^Ð ocÁ kc»d ^¨i ^Þ q{j i¸d _pib ^z^ lpt kc∆h kczk gp“o omjib cÎocıib kczk gp“o h{ lpt kc∆h spib ™¸o _–i ^cd„p ™„i* Omjib om∏ŁibcÚk lpt kc∆h spib ™¸o _–i ^cd„p ™„i qdÎ^ zk _Ðib kczk gp“o i∏˛^ibj{d ocÉ ^∂ lp\i ^Ñ ocœh lptÂi kc»d ™˘d h€o q˛d ic³ib qÀi ™Â c„onÞ^ kcÞ^ o∆k ic∏ sz^ ™Ôic i¸d _pib kczk gp“o i∏˛^ ibj{d( bd»d ocÇ^ckczk gp“o i∏˛^ ibj{d***-2
-2 S`h ocÅh ^c∏∂ib 0
Trang 29L\– \U]& qdỴ^ zk _Ðib lpt kc∆h spib ™¸o fcÜib kc»d gà^ i{j
^≤ib bdàk ^càib o\ sz^ ™Ơic ™∏ž^ cỴ ocıib kczk gp“g ^œi ™∏ž^ zk_Ðib h{ ^Đ ocÜ _–i ™„i ^z^ om∏Łib cžk _–i ^cd„p ib∏ž^ omŠ g∆d c\t_–i ^cdÅp ™Åi kczk gp“o ^Ý\ i∏˛^ ocÞ ]\ c\t ]»j g∏p om“o o½ ^Üib
^¸ib-3***
L\– VU( lpt o‘^ bd»d lpt„o spib ™¸o … ^z^ i∏˛^ mÀo fcz^ ic\p(
^âib h¸o lp\i cỴ ic∏ib lpt o‘^ ^cÚi gp“o zk _Ðib Š ^z^ i∏˛^ g{fcz^ ic\p* QÇ _Ð ™Å bd»d lpt„o ^z^ om\ic ^cÀk q lptÂi q{ ibc±\ qÐ
^Ý\ ^z^ ]Åi kczo ndic o− cžk ™˜ib hp\ ]zi c{ib cĐ\ lpı^ o„ omjibom∏Łib cžk ^z^ ]Üi fcÜib ^Đ ocÛ\ ocp“i ^cÚi gp“o zk _Ðib( ^Đ i∏˛^
zk _Ðib gp“o ijd f© f„o cžk ™˜ib-4( ^Đ gd∏˛^ zk _Ðib gp“o ^Ý\ i∏˛^ib∏Łd ]zi( ^Đ i∏˛^ zk _Ðib gp“o i∂d oc½^ cdỴi cÚk ™˜ib-5( ^Đ i∏˛^ zk_Ðib gp“o ^Đ hıd lp\i cỴ n\i ]Đ icÀo q˛d cžk ™˜ib.,*** ≠dÂp i{t ™}b|t fcÜib Ço fcĐ fc¨i ^cj ^z^ ^∂ lp\i bd»d lpt„o om\ic ^cÀk q{ ^z^]Åi ™∏∂ib n½*
Ic∏ib ^Õi icÉi ic“i g{ qdỴ^ s|t _½ib ^z^ lpt kc∆h spib ™¸o(
fÁ ^» lpt kc∆h spib ™¸o ocıib icÀo _È od„i c{ic c∂i qdỴ^ s|t _½ib
^z^ lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo ocıib icÀo* Cji i³\ h˜d h¸o lpı^ bd\ ™Âps|t _Ðib cỴ ocıib ^z^ lpt kc∆h spib ™¸o omjib kczk gp“o lpı^ bd\*
?j ™Đ lpt kc∆h spib ™¸o ^cd„h nı g∏žib g˛i omjib ^z^ lpt kc∆h
^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„*
-(-( DWùõ]V _Wi_ cWÛR RWØc #_Wùõ]V _Wi_ caÛR cX√_$
Kc∏∂ib kczk oc½^ ^cÀo g{ kc∏∂ib kczk n¹ _Ðib ^z^ lpt kc∆hkczk gp“o oc½^ ^cÀo ic÷h bd»d lpt„o i¸d _pib ^z^ lp\i cỴ _|i n½ ^Đt„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d*
Trang 30Q˛d n½ kczo omdÁi h∆ic h∙ ^z^ lp\i cÎ cžk oz^ lpı^ o„ q{ ^âibq˛d iÑ g{ n½ kczo omdÁi ™\ _∆ib( kcÞ^ o∆k ^z^ lp\i cÎ O∏ kczk lpı^ oÁ(kc∏∂ib kczk spib ™¸o q˛d ic³ib ic∏ž^ ™dÁh ic∏ ™} kc|i oÇ^c Ł omÅi
™} fcÜib ocÁ ™zk Þib ™∏ž^ c„o tÅp ^Õp ™dÂp ^cÌic ^z^ lp\i c¸ _|i n½omjib ™Łd nıib lpı^ o„ cdÎi ™∆d* ≠dÂp ™Ñ ™Öd cÖd ^Õi kc»d ^Ñ h¸okc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic fcz^ ]Åi ^∆ic kc∏∂ib kczk spib ™¸o ™Á ^ÑocÁ ™dÂp ^cÌic h¸o ^z^c ^Ñ cdÎp lp» c∂i ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oıi∏˛^ ibj{d* SpÀo kczo o− oc½^ o„ ™Ñ( ^z^ lpı^ bd\ ™} od„i o˛d qdÎ^ f©f„o ib{t ^{ib icdÂp c∂i ^z^ ™dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^ o„ omjib ™Ñ ^cÞ\ ™½ib ^z^lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo ic÷h om½^ od„k ™dÂp ^cÌic ^z^ lp\i cÎ ^Ý\ O∏kczk lpı^ o„* ≠€^ ]dÎo omjib g±ic q½^ oc∏∂ib h∆d $oc∏∂ib h∆d c{ibcÑ\( oc∏∂ib h∆d _Ô^c qÐ( nŠ c³p omÇ opÎ q{ ™Õp o∏% ^z^ ™dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^o„ i{t ™∏ž^ f© f„o mÀo icdÂp* >âib q˛d qdÎ^ f© f„o ^z^ ™dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^o„ ic÷h s|t _½ib ^z^ l∏t kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ^z^lpı^ bd\ ^Öi oc−\ ic“i zk _Ðib ^z^ o“k lpzi lpı^ o„ ^Ñ ^cÞ\ ™Ðib
^z^ lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo ic∏ o“k lpzi Di^jo`mhn( P>K 1,,*** =Åi
^∆ic ™Ñ ^z^ lpı^ bd\ ^≤in7 s|t _½ib omjib kczk gp“o i∏˛^ hÉic ^z^lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo ™dÂp ^cdic om½^ od„k ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oıi∏˛^ ibj{d omjib kc∆h qd g}ic oc˘ lpı^ bd\ hÉic*
Ic∏ q“t( ]Åi ^∆ic ^z^ lpt kc∆h kczk gp“o spib ™¸o( O∏ kczklpı^ o„ ^Öi ™dÂp ^cÌic ^z^ lp\i cÎ s} c¸d ocp¸^ ™ıd o∏žib ™dÂp ^cÌic
^Ý\ hÉic ]÷ib ^z^ lpt kc∆h kczk gp“o oc½^ ^cÀo( _j ™Ñ kc∏∂ib kczkoc½^ ^cÀo g{ h¸o kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„* Fcz^q˛d kc∏∂ib kczk spib ™¸o( kc∏∂ib kczk oc½^ ^cÀo om½^ od„k ™dÂp
^cÌic ^z^ lp\i cÎ ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpÜ^ oÅ ]¨ib ^cÇic cÎ ocÜib ^z^ lptkc∆h ^Ý\ hÉic( _j ™Ñ kc∏∂ib kczk i{t ^Öi ™∏ž^ bÚd g{ kc∏jibkczk ™dÂp ^cdic om½^ od„k*
L∏t kc∆h kczk gp“o oc½^ ^cÀo g{ lpt kc∆h kczk gp“o om½^ od„k
™dÂp ^cÌic ^z^ lp\i cÎ ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„* I¸d _pib ^z^ lpt kc∆hi{t oc∏Łib lpt ™Ôic q lptÂi q{ ibc±\ qÐ ^Ý\ ^z^ ]Åi oc\h bd\ lp\i
Trang 31cÎ kg zk gp“o ^Ð oc„( q ^z^ ]dÎi kczk( cÉic ocÞ^ ^c„ o{d ^Ñ ocÁ ™∏ž^ zk
>z^ lpt kc∆h kczk gp“o oc½^ ^cÀo ™dÂp ^cÇic ^z^ lp\i cÎ O∏kczk lpı^ o„ ™∏ž^ lpt ™Ôic omjib ^z^ ibp˜i kczk gp“o lpı^ o„ q{kczk gp“o lpı^ bd\* >z^ lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo ™∏ž^ ^z^ lpı^ bd\ ocÜ\ocp“i s|t _Ðib omjib ^z^ ™dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^ o„ cj€^ lp\ qdÎ^ oc−\ ic“i
^z^ oÉk lpzi lpı^ o„ ™∏ž^ bÚd g{ lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo ocıib icÀo(* QÇ_Ð Ë lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo omjib >Üib ∏˛^ QdÅi -54, VŁ hp\ ]zic{ib cÑ\ lpı^ o„7 >Üib ∏˛^ =^h` -442 q ]»j c¸ oz^ kcœh q¨i cÚ^ibcÎ ocp“o*** >z^ lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo omjib i∏˛^ g{ ^z^ lpt kc∆hoc½^ ^cÀo ™∏ž^ ^z^ lpı^ bd\ s|t _Ðib omjib kczk gp“o i∏˛^ hÉicic¨i ™dÂp ^cÌic ^z^ lp\i cÎ O∏ kczk lp˘^ o„ h¸o ^z^c om½^ od„k*
≠dÂp ^cÌic ]÷ib kc∏∂ib kczk oc½^ ^cÀo ^Ñ ∏p ™dÁh g{ bdàk ^cjqdÎ^ bd»d lpt„o om\ic ^cÀk ™∏ž^ od„i c{ic h¸o ^z^c ic\ic ^cÑib i„p
^càmb kczo ndic qÉ ^z^ lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo om½^ od„k ™dÂp ^cdic ^z^lp\m cÎ ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ h{ fcÜib kc»d lp\ h¸o ]∏˛^ ompib bd\ii{j* QÉ q“t( sp c∏˛ib cdÎi i\t g{ ^z^ lpı^ bd\ hpıi f© icdÂp ™dÂp
∏˛^ lpı^ o„ ™Á s|t _½ib icdÂp cji i³\ ^z^ lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo ocıibicÀo ™€^ ]dÎo omjib ^z^ g±ic q½^ oc∏∂ib h∆d lpı^ o~*ï H¸o nı lp\i
™dÅmm ^Öi ^cj m÷ib îiÅi o“k ompib7 s|t _½ib ^z^ lpt kc∆h oc½^ ^cÀoocÜmÐ icÀo omÅi kc∆h qd lpı^ o„ ™„ ™dÂp ^cÌic lp\i cÎ _|i n½ $oc`jibc#p m¸i:% ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d( ]Łd ic∏ q“t n∙ fcÜib ^Öi kc»d ™€om\ qÉi ™Â sz^ ™Ôic kczk gp“o ^Ñ cdÎp g½^ zk _Ðib ™˘d q˛d lp\i cÎ
™Ñ ** ï /Opt icdÅi ™|t fcÜib kc»d g{ ^Üib qdÎ^ _È oc½^ cdÎi qÉ gžd Ç^c
^Ý\ 7z^ lpı^ bd\ fcd oc\h bd\ q{j lp\i cÎ lpı^ o„ g{ fcz^ ic\p( omÉic
™¸ aczo omdÁi fdic o„ ) s} c¸d fcz^ ic\p( kcjib oÐ^ o“k lpzi fcz^
.- S`h ocÅh ^c∏∂ib 0*
Omjib ^pıi nz^c i{t ^càib oÜd n¹ _Ðib fczd idÎh oc∏∂ib h∆d oc`j ibc±\ mÖib( ]\j b˜h oc∏∂ib h∆d c{ib cÑ\( oc∏∂ib h∆d _Ô^c qÐ( nŁ c³p omÇ opÎ q{
™dp o∏(
.ù K`mi\m_ <p_do( =zj ^zj _–i ™Â o∆d c¸d oc»j îH¸o nı qÀi ™Â oc½^ odÈi q lp\i
cÔ ic|i oc|i q{ o{d n»i omjib O∏ kczk lpı^ o„î( og™_( om 3(
-+
Trang 32ic\p*** ?j ™Đ omÅi oc½^ o„( ^z^ ™dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^ oÁ ^Đ lpt ™Ơic ^z^ lptkc∆h oc½^ ^cÀo ^cÝ t„p ™∏ž^ s|t _½ib omjib g±ic q½^ oc∏∂ib h∆dic÷h ™dÂp ^cÌic ^z^ lp\i cỴ o{d n»i q{ ^z^ ™dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^ oÁ i{t ^≤ib
^c∏\ ™dÂp ^cÌic ™∏ž^ c„o ^z^ lp\i cỴ o{d n»i omjib g±ic q½^ oc∏∂ibh∆d* =Åi ^∆ic ™Đ( fcÜib kc»d oÀo ^» ^z^ i∏˛^ omÅi oc„ ∆˛d ™Âp g{oc{ic qdÅi ^Ý\ ^z^ ™dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^ o„ omÅi* >cÇic qÉ ic³ib g© _j ™Đ ^cjiÅi h€^ _â kc∏∂ib kczk i{t ^Đ icdÂp ∏p ™dÁh icpib q–i ^cÌ g{ h¸oomjib ^z^ kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cdic ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„*
.( HÅB <–> 8Ë6 HI D=ÇD EIÜ8 Hh
H¸o omjib ic³ib qÀi ™Â ™∏ž^ om\ic gp“i nÜd i˜d fÁ o− fcd spÀocdỴi O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ q{ cdỴi i\t q–i ™\ib ™∏ž^ om\ic gp“i ™Đ g{ qÂoÅi bÚd ^Ý\ o∏ kczk lpı^ o„* >Đ mÀo icdÂp ocp“o i`− ™∏ž^ n¹ _Ðib.0(ic∏ib ^Đ c\d ocp“o i`7− ™∏ž^ n− _Ðib kc˜ ]d„i Š ^z^ i∏˛^ g{ Kmdq\o`Dio`mi\odji\g G\r $Gp“o lpı^ o„ o∏% q{ >jiÇgd^o ja g\r $Gp“o spi›6
™¸o%*
S~o q h€o gƠ^c n¹ ocÉ ocp“o ib− Gp“o spib ™¸o m\ ™Łd om∏˛^ q{omjib h¸o ocŁd bd\i _{d O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ™∏ž^ ibcdÅi ^Þp _∏˛d bĐ^ ™¸gp“o spib7 ™¸o* BÚd g{ gp“o spib ™¸o qÉ qÀi ™Â omÚib o|h ™∏ž^ i∆cdÅi
^Þp Š ™|t g{ qÀi ™Â g½\ ^cÚi cỴ ocıib kczk gp“o ocÇ^c cžk ™Á zk _Ðibic÷h ™dÂp ^cÌic lp\i cỴ _|i n½ ^Đ t„p o˘ i∏˛^ ibj{d*
Ocp“o ib³ Gp“o lpı^ o„ o∏ ™∏ž^ spÀo cdỴi gÕi ™Õp odÅi q{j i¨h-4/0 omjib oz^ kcœh ỵ=Éic gp“i q spib ™¸o kczk gp“ọ
$>jhh`io\md`n ji oc` ^jiÌgd^o ja g\rn% ^Ý\ h¸o ocœh kczi oƯ\ zi oıd
^\j ^Ý\ Cj\ F¥ ) Ejn`kc Nojmt* N\p ™Đ ocp“o ib³ i{t ™∏ž^ n¹ _Ðibkc˘ ]d„i o∆d ^c|p ơp* ł ≠Þ^( ocp“o ib³ Gp“o lpı^ o„ o∏ ™∏ž^ n¹ _ÐibgÕi ™Õp odÅi q{j i¨h -40-( o∆d Kczk ocp“o ib³ i{t ™∏ž^ n¹ _Ðib o−fcd Aj`gds spÀo ]»i ^pıi Fc»j gp“i q Gp“o lpı^ o„ o∏ i¨h -40/(
.0 Omjib Bdzj omÉic O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ $n™_% om* 1-( 1 G*k* <ip³d`q\ ™} gdỴo fÅ - oÅi bÚd fcz^ ic\p*
Trang 33bd\ bd»d lptÅo ^z^ qÐ qdÎ^ _|i n½ ^Ñ tÅp oÜ i∏˛^ ibj{d ic∏ sz^
™Ôic ocœh lptÂi ^Ý\ oj{ zi lpı^ bd\ ™ıd q˛d qÐ qdÎ^ _|i n½ ^Ñt„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d( ^Üib ic“i q{ ocd c{ic ]»i zi( lpt„o ™Ôic
^Ý\ oj{ zi i∏˛^ ibj{d( lpt„o ™Ôic ^Ý\ omÚib o{d i∏˛^ ibj{d***) Ocp“o ib³ i{t fcÜib ocÁ cdÎi ™∏ž^ má i~o h¸o omjin7 ic³ib i¸d_pib ^∂ ]»i( ocÁ cdÎi ]»i ^cÀo ^Ý\ o∏ kczk lpı^ o„ g{ bd»d lpt„ospib ™¸o kczk gp“o*
) N¹ _Ðib ocp“o ib³ i{t ^Ñ ocÁ ™∏\ ™„i ^z^c cdÁp Gp“o lpı^ oÁo∏ q{ >Üib kczk lpı^ o„ $Dio`mi\odji\g Kp]gd^ G\r% ^âib i÷homjib cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o lpı^ o„* OmÅi oc½^ o„ o∆d QdÎo I\hh¸o nı oz^ bd» ^cj m÷ib o∏ kczk lpı^ o„ i÷h omjib cÎ ocıibkczk gp“o lpı^ o„//*
QdÎ^ n¹ _Ðib ocp“o ib³ >jiagd^o ja g\rn ) Gp“o spib ™¸o ^Ñ c∆i
^c„ n\p6
) ?Õi ÀĻN VJŃF IJĿU TĪ PIYP ĬBİ TĻ FIJ ÀJŁU FIŇNI NIŐNH VĴN ÀŁ
gdÅi lp\i ™Åi qdÎ^ bd»d lptÅo spib ™¸o kczk gp“o* ?j ™Ñ( fcÜibocÁ cdÎi ™∏ž^ ™Õt ™Ý ]»i ^cÀo q{ i¸d _pib ^Ý\ o∏ kczk lpı^ o„*
>Ñ ocÁ ™∏\ ™„i ^z^c cdÁp fcÜib ^cÇic sz^ q kc∆h qd ™dÂp
^cÌic ^â\ o∏ kczk lpı^ o„ qÉ omÅi oc½^ o„( spib ™¸o kczk gp“o ^Ñ ocÁs»t m\ ib\t omjib cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o ^Ý\ h¸o lpı^ bd\7 bd³\ kczkgp“o ^Ý\ ^z^ ]\ib omjib ic{ i∏˛^ gdÅi ]\ib7 bd³\ ^z^ cÎ ocıib kczkgp“o ^Ý\ ^z^ lpı^ bd\ ™¸^ g“k( ^Ñ ^cÝ lptÂi* Omjib fcd ™Ñ( spib ™¸okczk gp“o ™∏ž^ ibcdÅi ^Þp Š ™|t g{ spib ™¸o Š lpt hÜ lpı^ o„( bd³\
^z^ cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o ^Ý\ ^z^ lpı^ bd\ ™¸^ g“k( ^˘ ^cÝ lptÂi*ZZZZZZO∆d QdÎo I\h omjib ^z^ bdzj omÉic ^≤ib ic∏ ^z^ ^Üib omÉicibcdÅi ^Þp q O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( ^càib o\ ocıib icÀo n¹ _½ib ocp“oib− O∏ kczk lpı^ o„* Opt icdÅi( omjib cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o QdÎo I\h
Bdzj omÉic G© gp“i ic{ i∏˛^ q{ kczk gp“o( Om∏Łib ≠C Gp“o C{ I¸d( IS= O∏ kczk ,,0( om* 0,-*
-1
Trang 34lp\i cÎ bd³\ ^z^ lpı^ bd\( ^z^ o˘ ^cÞ^ gdÅi ^cÇic kcÝ* Omjib fcd ™Ñ(gp“o lpı^ o„ o∏ ™dÂp ^cÌic hıd lp\i cÎ bd³\ ^z^ ^Üib _|i( kczk ic|i
^â\ ^z^ i∏˛^ q{ oc`j lp\i ™dÁh ^Ý\ mÀo icdÂp oz^ bd»( gp“o lpı^ o„ o∏fcÜib i÷h omjib cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o lp˘^ o„ h{ g{ h¸o ib{ic gp“oi÷h omjib cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o lpı^ bd\* Q“t ocp“o ib³ îlpı^ o„ï omjibgp“o lp˘^ o„ o∏ ™∏ž^ cdÁp ic∏ oc„ i{j: ł ™|t( ocp“o ib³ îlpı^ o„ï
™∏ž^ n¹ _Ðib ic÷h ^cÌ ™ıd o∏žib ™dÂp ^cdic ^Ý\ ib{ic gp“o i{t g{
^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d7 ^z^ lp\i cÎ i{t oc∏Łibq∏žo m\ fcÛd kc∆h qd g}ic oc˘ ^Ý\ h¸o lpı^ bd\( gdÅi lp\i ™„i Ço icÀoc\d lpı^ bd\( c\d cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o* Q˛d ^z^c od„k ^“i ic∏ q“t( ocp“oib³ Gp“o lpı^ o„ o∏ ™} ™∏ž^ ^cÀk ic“i q{ ™∏ž^ n¹ _Ðib m¸ib m}d*Ib{t i\t omjib fcj\ cÚ^ O∏ kczk lpı^ oÁ q–i ^Öi ^Ñ icdÂp lp\i
™dÁh fcz^ ic\p omjib ^z^c n¹ _Ðib oÅi bÚd ^cj ib{ic gp“o i{t* >z^i∏˛^ ^c|p ôp q{ icdÂp i∏˛^ fcz^ ic∏ Ompib Lpı^( HÜib ^˘ *** n¹_Ðib ocp“o ib− îGp“o lpı^ o„ o∏ï*
>z^ i∏˛^ omjib cÎ ocıib >jhhji G\r ic∏ Cj\ F¥( <ic(Ndib\kjm`( à^( >\i\_\*** n¹ _Ðib ocp“o ib³ >jiagd^o ja g\qqn $Gp“ospib ™¸o%* Ic∏ib ib\t ^» Š ic³ib i∏˛^ n¹ _Ðib ^cÇic ocÞ^ ocp“oib³ Gp“o spib ™¸o ocÉ q–i ^Ñ h¸o nı oz^ bd» Ýib c¸ qdÎ^ n¹ _Ðib ocp“oib³ Gp“o lpı^ oÁ o∏* QÇ _Ð <_md\i =mmdbn ^cj m÷ib qdÎ^ n¹ _Ðib ocp“oib³ Gp“o lpı^ o„ o∏ g{ c∏˛ib ™d ™àib qÉ iÑ ]\j b˜h cÕp c„o ^z^ lp\i
cÎ kczk gp“o o∏ ^Ñ t„p oı lpı^ o„*.3OmÅi oc½^ o„( Š ^z^ i∏˛^ i{t ^Öi
^Ñ ^» ic³ib ^pıi nz^c ™∏ž^ ™€o oÅi q˛d ic\i ™Â g{ Kmdq\o`Dio`mi\odji\g G\r.4 ) Gp“o lp˘^ oÁ o∏* QdÎ^ n¹ _Ðib ocp“o ib³ Gp“olp˘^ o„ o∏ c\t Gp“o spib ™¸o kcÐ ocp¸^ q{j qdÎ^ sz^ ™Ôic ]»i ^cÀo q{i¸d _pib ^Ý\ ib{ic gp“o i{t* I„p ^cj m÷ib O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ^Ñ ™ıdo∏žib ™dÂp ^cÌic g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d q{ ^z^lp\i cÎ oı oÐib kczo ndic omjib lpz omÉic oÖ\ zi ^Ý\ h¸o lpı^ bd\ ocÐ
i <_md\i =mdbbn( Oc` >jiÇgd^o J a G\r( n™_( om*.*
.4 QÇ _Ð ^pıi >c`ncdm` \i_ Ijmocón Kmdq\o` Dio`mi\odji\g G\r ^Ý\ c\d oz^ bd»
KH Ijmoc q{ EE A\m^`Ço ™∏ž^ spÀo ]»i ]Šd IS= =poo`mrjmoc ™} ™∏ž^ ozd ]»i
™„i gÕi ocÞ -/*
Trang 35g© q{ bd»d lpt„o ^z^ qÐ qdÎ^ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d ocÉ n¹ ™Ðibocp“o ib³ Gp“o lpı^ o„ o∏ g{ cžk g©* >Öi i„p ^cÌ ibcdÅi ^Þp O∏ kczklpı^ o„ _∏˛d bÑ^ ™¸ ^cÚi gp“o zk _Ðib ^cj ^z^ hıd lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñt„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d ocÉ n¹ _Ðib ocp“o ib− Gp“o spib ™¸o g{ kcâ cžk*Ic∏ib ^≤dgb ^Õi icÀi h∆ic g{ cdÎi i\t( _â bÚd ib{ic gp“o i{t q˛d oÅibÚd Gp“o lpı^ o„ o∏ c\t Gp“o spib ™¸o ocÉ fcÜib h¸o lpı^ bd\ i{jbd˛d c∆i kc∆h qd ™dÂp ^cdic ^â\ ib{ic gp“o i{t ^cÌ Š qÀi ™Â spib ™¸okczk gp“o.5* >cÇic qÉ q“t( n− _Ðib ocp“o ib− Gp“o lpı^ o„ o∏ ^Ñ g∙ n∙fczd lpzo q{ ^cÇic sz^ c∂i ocp“o ib− Gp“o spib ™¸o* Q{ ^≤ib ^ÕiicÉi ic“i m÷ib( h€^ _â ™}( ™\ib q{ ^c‘^ ^c‘i n∙ od„k oÐ^ ™∏ž^ n−_Ðib m¸ib m}d ic∏ib ^» c\d ocp“o ib− Gp“o lpı^ o„ o∏ q{ Gp“o spib
™¸o ™Âp ^Ñ ic³ib c∆i ^c„ icÀo ™Ôic*
ł QdÎo I\h omjib ^z^ bdzj omÉic ^≤ib ic∏ ^z^ ^Üib omÉic ibcdÅi
^Þp( ^càib o\ ocıib icÀo n¹ _Ðib ocp“o ib³ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„* OpticdÅi( omjib cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o QdÎo I\h fcÜib ^Ñ n½ kc|i ^cd\oc{ic gp“o ^Üib q{ gp“o o∏( _j ™Ñ ocp“o ib− O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ™∏ž^ n¹_Ðib oc`j lpt ∏˛^ h{ ocÜd* Q{ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ™∏ž^ cdÁp q˛d o∏ ^z^cq−\ g{ h¸o ib{ic gp“o q−\ g{ h¸o ib{ic fcj\ cÚ^ kczk g©*
>z^ i∏˛^ omjib cÎ ocıib >jhhji G\r ic∏ Cj\ F¥( <ic(Ndib\kjm`( à^( >\i\_\*** n− _Ðib ocp“o ib³ >ji±gd^o ja g\rn $Gp“ospib ™¸o%* Icpib ib\t ^» Š ic³ib i∏˛^ n¹ _Ðib ^cÇic ocÞ^ ocp“oib³ Gp“o spi: ™¸o ocÉ qÕi ^Ñ h¸o nı oz^ bd» Ýib c¸ qdÎ^ n− _Ðibocp“o ib− Gp“o lp˘^ o„ o∏* QÇ _Ð <_md\i =mmdbn ^cj m÷ib qdÎ^ n¹ _Ðibocp“o ib³ Gp“o lpı^ o„ o∏ g{ c∏˛ib ™d ™àib qÉ iÑ ]\j b˜h cÕp c„o ^z^lp\i cÎ kczk gp“o o∏ ^Ñ t„p oı lpı^ o„*/, OmÅi oc½^ o„( Š ^z^ i∏˛^ i{t
^Öi ^Ñ ^» ic³ib ^pıi nz^c ™∏ž^ ™€o oÅi q˛d o½\ ™Â g{ Kmdq\o`Dio`mi\odji\g G\r*/- Lp\i ™dÁh ^z ic|i( oz^ bd» ^cj m÷ib qdÎ^ n¹
.5 S`h hÐ^ ^c∏∂ib i{t*
/, <_md\i =mdbbn( Oc` >jiÇgd^o J a G\r( n™_( om*.*
QÇ _Ð ^pıi >c`ncdm` \i_ Ijmocón Kmdq\o` Dio`mi\odji\g G\r ^â\ c\d oz^ bd»
KH Ijmoc q{ EE K\m^`oo ™∏ž^ spÀo ]»i ]Łd IS= =poo`mqqjmoc ™} ™∏ž^ ozd ]»i
™Ái gÕi ocÞ -/*
-/
Trang 36lpı^ o„ ™Âp ^âib ^Ñ ^cpib h¸o hÐ^ ™Ç^c g{ o∆j i^i lpz omÉic cžk oz^lpı^ oÁ c³p cdÎp omjib ^z^ g±ic q½^ fcz^ ic\p bd³\ ^z^ lpı^ bd\ q{
^Üië _|i( kczk ic|i ^z^ i∏˛^* >z^ ibptÅi o¨^ ^∂ ]»i ^Ý\ ^Üib kczklpı^ o„ ^≤i: ™˜ib ocŁd g{ ic³ib ibptÅi o‘^ ^∂ ]»i ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^o„* q ibp˜i gp“o( Š ^» c\d ib{ic gp“o i{t ™Âp ^Ñ ibp˜i g{ ™dÂp ∏˛^lpı^ o„ q{ o“k lpzi lpı^ o„*
=Åi ^∆ic ic³i∂ ™dÁh bdıi∂ ic\p ocÉ bd³\ O∏ kczk lp˘^ o„ q{
^Üib kczk lpı^ o„ ^Ñ ic³ib ™dÅh fcz^ ic\p ^∂ ]»i h\ib oÇic ^cÀo
™€^ ompib ^Ý\ c\d ib{ic gp“o i{t* L\– b\ßh& ™ıd o∏ži› ™dÂp ^cÌic ^Ý\O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p o˘ i∏˛^ i`j{d h{ omjib
™Ñ ^cÝ tÅp q{ om∏˛^ odÅi g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎ o{d n»i( n\p ™Ñ g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎic|i oc|i kcd o{d n»i* >Öi ™ıd o∏žib ™dÂp ^cÌic ^â\ ^Üi∂ kczk lpı^
oÅ g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎ ^cÇic omÔ q{ ic³ib fcÇ\ ^∆ic ^cÇic omÔ ^Ý\ lp\i cÎfdic o„( q¨i cÑ\( fcj\ cÚ^ f¥ ocp“o*** bd³\ ^z^ ^cÝ ocÁ ^Ý\ ^Üib kczklpı^ o„ omjib ™Ñ ^z^ lp\i cÎ ^cÇic omÔ g{ ^cÝ t„p* L\– \U]& q kc∏∂ibkczk ™dÂp ^cÌic* H€^ _â ^Öi icdÂp lp\i ™dÁh fcz^ ic\p( ic∏ib mÀoicdÂp oz^ bd» ™} Ýib c¸ lp\i ™dÁh ^cj m÷ib kc∏∂i`7 kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic
^Ý\ ^Üib kczk lpı^ o„ g{ kc∏∂ib kczk oc∏∂i\( g∏žin( ocÛ\ ocp“i bd³\
^z^ ^cÝ ocÁ ^Ý\ gp“o ^Üib kczk lpı^ o„ q˛d ic\p( ^Öi O∏ kczk lpı^ o„
^Ñ c\d kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic g{ kc∏∂i` kczk om½^ od„k $kc∏∂ibkczk oc½^ ^cÀo% q{ kc∏jië kczk bdzi od„k $kc∏∂ib kczk spi∂ ™¸o%*L\– VU& ^cÝ ocÁ ^Ý\ ^Üib kczk lpı^ o„ g{ ^z^ lpı^ bd\ ^Ñ ^cÝ lptÂi(
^z^ _{i o¸^ ™\ib ™Àp om\ic bd{ic lptÂi _|i o¸^ o½ lpt„o( ^z^ o˘ ^cÞ^gdÅi ^cÇic kcÝ omjib ™Ñ lpı^ bd\ g{ ^cÝ ocÁ ^cÝ t„p* >cÝ ocÁ ^∂ ]»i
^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ g{ ^z^ oc„ ic|i q{ kczk ic|i ^Ý\ ^z^ i∏˛^ fcz^ic\p( ^Öi lpı^ ∆d\ g{ ^cÝ ocÁ ™€^ ]dÎo ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„* L\– hö&
q ibp˜i gp“o( O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ^Ñ ]\ i›p˜i gp“o g{ gp“o lpı^ `d\( ™dÂp
∏˛^ lpı^ o„ q{ o“k lpzi lpı^ o„ omji› ™Ñ gp“o lpı^ bd\ g{ ibp˜i ^cÝt„p ^Öi ^Üib kczk lpı^ o„ ^cÇ ^Ñ c\d ibp˜i { ™dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^ o„ q{o“k lpzi lpı^ o„* Ibj{d ic³i∂ ™dÁh fcz^ ic\p ^∂ ]»i ™Ñ ^càib o\
^Öi ^Ñ ocÁ fÁ ™„i h¸o nı ™d^h fcz^ ic\p ic∏ ]dÎi kczk ^c„ o{d( qÂomÉic o½ bd»d lpt„o ^z^ om\ic ^cÀk*** ?j ™Ñ( fcÑ ^Ñ ocÁ fcÿib ™Ôic O∏kczk lpı^ o„ i÷h omjib cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o lpı^ o„*
Trang 37bd\ bd»d lptÅo ^z^ qÐ qdÎ^ _|i n½ ^Ñ tÅp oÜ i∏˛^ ibj{d ic∏ sz^
™Ôic ocœh lptÂi ^Ý\ oj{ zi lpı^ bd\ ™ıd q˛d qÐ qdÎ^ _|i n½ ^Ñt„p oı i∏˛^ ibj{d( ^Üib ic“i q{ ocd c{ic ]»i zi( lpt„o ™Ôic
^Ý\ oj{ zi i∏˛^ ibj{d( lpt„o ™Ôic ^Ý\ omÚib o{d i∏˛^ ibj{d***) Ocp“o ib³ i{t fcÜib ocÁ cdÎi ™∏ž^ má i~o h¸o omjin7 ic³ib i¸d_pib ^∂ ]»i( ocÁ cdÎi ]»i ^cÀo ^Ý\ o∏ kczk lpı^ o„ g{ bd»d lpt„ospib ™¸o kczk gp“o*
) N¹ _Ðib ocp“o ib³ i{t ^Ñ ocÁ ™∏\ ™„i ^z^c cdÁp Gp“o lpı^ oÁo∏ q{ >Üib kczk lpı^ o„ $Dio`mi\odji\g Kp]gd^ G\r% ^âib i÷homjib cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o lpı^ o„* OmÅi oc½^ o„ o∆d QdÎo I\hh¸o nı oz^ bd» ^cj m÷ib o∏ kczk lpı^ o„ i÷h omjib cÎ ocıibkczk gp“o lpı^ o„//*
QdÎ^ n¹ _Ðib ocp“o ib³ >jiagd^o ja g\rn ) Gp“o spib ™¸o ^Ñ c∆i
^c„ n\p6
) ?Õi ÀĻN VJŃF IJĿU TĪ PIYP ĬBİ TĻ FIJ ÀJŁU FIŇNI NIŐNH VĴN ÀŁ
gdÅi lp\i ™Åi qdÎ^ bd»d lptÅo spib ™¸o kczk gp“o* ?j ™Ñ( fcÜibocÁ cdÎi ™∏ž^ ™Õt ™Ý ]»i ^cÀo q{ i¸d _pib ^Ý\ o∏ kczk lpı^ o„*
>Ñ ocÁ ™∏\ ™„i ^z^c cdÁp fcÜib ^cÇic sz^ q kc∆h qd ™dÂp
^cÌic ^â\ o∏ kczk lpı^ o„ qÉ omÅi oc½^ o„( spib ™¸o kczk gp“o ^Ñ ocÁs»t m\ ib\t omjib cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o ^Ý\ h¸o lpı^ bd\7 bd³\ kczkgp“o ^Ý\ ^z^ ]\ib omjib ic{ i∏˛^ gdÅi ]\ib7 bd³\ ^z^ cÎ ocıib kczkgp“o ^Ý\ ^z^ lpı^ bd\ ™¸^ g“k( ^Ñ ^cÝ lptÂi* Omjib fcd ™Ñ( spib ™¸okczk gp“o ™∏ž^ ibcdÅi ^Þp Š ™|t g{ spib ™¸o Š lpt hÜ lpı^ o„( bd³\
^z^ cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o ^Ý\ ^z^ lpı^ bd\ ™¸^ g“k( ^˘ ^cÝ lptÂi*ZZZZZZO∆d QdÎo I\h omjib ^z^ bdzj omÉic ^≤ib ic∏ ^z^ ^Üib omÉicibcdÅi ^Þp q O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( ^càib o\ ocıib icÀo n¹ _½ib ocp“oib− O∏ kczk lpı^ o„* Opt icdÅi( omjib cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o QdÎo I\h
Bdzj omÉic G© gp“i ic{ i∏˛^ q{ kczk gp“o( Om∏Łib ≠C Gp“o C{ I¸d( IS= O∏ kczk ,,0( om* 0,-*
-1
Trang 38fcÜib ^Ñ n½ kc|i ^cd\ oc{ic gp“o ^Üib q{ gp“o o∏( _j ™Ñ ocp“o ib³ O∏kczk lpı^ o„ ™∏ž^ n¹ _Ðib oc`j lpt ∏˛^ h{ ocÜd* Q{ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„
™∏ž^ cdÁp q˛d o∏ ^z^c q−\ g{ h¸o ib{ic gp“o q−\ g{ h¸o ib{ic fcj\cÚ^ kczk g©*
/( JŒ HFÑ 8Ë6 Hú D=ÇD EIÜ8 H¬ HFCB< =… H=ÜB<DÑÃÇD @IµH
q qÔ omÇ ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ omjib cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o( omjibfcj\ cÚ^ kczk g© Š ^z^ i∏˛^ ^Ñ mÀo icdÂp lp\i ™dÁh fcz^ ic\p q{
^cj ™„i i\t ^≤ib ^c∏\ ^Ñ h¸o lp\i ™dÁh ocıib icÀo q qÀi ™Â i{t*IcÉi ^cpib( lp\i ™dÁh q qÔ omÇ ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ omjib cÎocıib kczk gp“o ^Ñ ocÁ ^cd\ oc{ic ]\ icÑh ^cÇic*
IiUb ë]µa h\– b\ßh ^cj m÷ib lpt kc∆h kczk gp“o ^Ý\ O∏ kczklpı^ o„ kc»d i÷h omjib cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o lpı^ oÁ* Lp\i ™dÁh i{t
™∏ž^ mÀo icdÂp oz^ bd» Ýib c¸ ic∏ >*=* >mpgjq7 H*<* Kgjofd7 >*<*B\gpinfd*** Fcd ™∏\ m\ lp\i ™dÁh i{t ^z^ oz^ bd» ™} _½\ q{j ^z^
^¨i ^Þ ic∏ hjd gdÅi cÎ ^c€o ^c∙ bd³\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ q{ ^Üib kczklpı^ o„( n½ bdjib ic\p bd³\ ^càib q ibp˜i kczk gp“o( q ^z^ ibptÅio‘^ ^∂ ]»i*** >z^ oz^ bd» omÅi ^cj m÷ib O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ™dÂp ^cÌic
^z^ lp\i cÎ bd³\ ^z^ lpı^ bd\ gdÅi lp\i ™„i qÀi ™Â _|i n½ qÉ oc`j cÚoÀo ^» ^z^ h|p ocp–i( om\ic ^cÀk bd³\ kczk ic|i ^Ý\ ^z^ i∏˛^( oc“h
^cÇ bd³\ ^Üib _|i ^Ý\ ^z^ i∏˛^ fcz^ ic\p( ™Âp ^Ñ oc„ omŁ oc{ic h|pocp–i bd³\ ^z^ lpı^ bd\*
O∆d QdÎo I\h ^≤ib ^Ñ h¸o nı oz^ bd» ^cj m÷ib O∏ kczk lpı^ o„i÷h omjib cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o lpı^ o„/1*
/0 H*H* =pib\g\qnfd( Bdzj omÉic O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( n™_(Om 1*
/1 Bdzj omÉic G© gp“i ic{ i∏˛^ q{ kczk gp“o( Om∏Łib ≠C Gp“o C{ I¸d( IS= O∏ kczk ,,0( om* 0,-*
Trang 39IiUb ë]µa h\– \U] ^cj m÷ib O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ]\j b˜h c\d kcÕi6h¸o kcÕi i÷h omjib kczk gp“o omjib i∏˛^( h¸o kcÕi i÷h omjib kczkgp“o lpı^ o„( c\d kc\i i{t gpÜi b‘i ]Ñ ^c€o ^c∙ q˛d ic\p( fcÜib gj∆dom− ic\p* Lp\i ™dÁh i{t ™∏ž^ ™∏\ m\ ]Šd h¸o nı oz^ bd» ic∏ <*I*H\^\mjq7 K*<* Hdgg`m^ji $GdÅi ]\ib Ib\%7 Cjn` ?` E\ip\n H`nnd\
$O|t =\i Ic\%/2* Oc`j h¸o nı oz^ bd» fcz^( O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ g{ gp“oomjib i∏˛^ Š ibp˜i bı^ ic∏ib g∆d g{ gp“o lpı^ o„ Š ™ıd o∏žib ™dÂp
^cdic*
IiUb ë]µa h\– VU ^cj m÷ib O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ocp¸^ q cÎ ocıibkczk gp“o omjib i∏˛^ qÉ omjib O∏ kczk ^epı^ o„ ibp˜i gp“o omjib i∏˛^gpÜi ^Ñ ∏p oc„ c∂i ibp˜i gp“o lpı^ o„( h€o fcz^ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„gpÜi kcÐ ocp¸^ ^c€o ^c∙ q{j ^cÝ lptÂi lpı^ bd\* ?j ™Ñ h˜d i∏˛^
™Âp ^Ñ bd»d kczk mdÅib ^cj spib ™¸o kczk gp“o( oÖ\ zi h˙d i∏˛^ ™Âp
^Ñ fcptic c∏˛ib zk _Ðib gp“o i∏˛^ hÉic ^cj ^z^ om\ic ^cÀk O∏kczk lpı^ o„* ?j ™Ñ( O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ g{ h¸o ib{ic gp“o ™€^ ]dÎo i÷homjib cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o omjib i∏˛^* OmÅi oc½^ oÅ( fcÜib ^Ñ h¸oib{ic gp“o O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ^cpib ^cj oÀo ^» ^z^ i∏˛^ h{ h˙d i∏˛^
™Âp ^Ñ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ^Ý\ mdÅib hÉic* Lp\i ™dÁh i{t ™∏ž^ oc−\ic“i m¸ib m}d o∆d Kczk( C{ G\i q{ omjib icdÂp bdzj omÉic O∏ kczklpı^ o„ ^Ý\ GdÅi ]\ib Ib\/3*
QdÎ^ sz^ ™Ôic qÔ omÇ ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ omjib cÎ ocıib kczkgp“o kc»d s`h s~o _½\ omÅi icdÂp t„p oı ic∏ ™ıd o∏žib ™dÂp ^cÌic(kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic( ^cÝ ocÁ( ibp˜i gp“o***
I„p s„k O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ q{ ^Üib kczk lpı^ o„ q{j ^âib h¸o cÎocıib kczk gp“o ) kczk gp“o lpı^ o„ g{ fcÜib ^cÇic sz^* ≠àib g{ bd³\O∏ kczk lp˘^ o„ q{ ^Üi`7 kczk lpı^ o„ ^Ñ hıd gdÅi cÎ ^c€o ^c∙( b‘i ]Ñq˛d ic\p q{ omjib icdÂp om∏Łib cžk m\ic bd˛d bd³\ c\d ib{ic gp“o i{tg{ mÀo hjib h\ic* >z^ lpt kc∆h ^Ý\ ^Üib kczk lpı^ o„ q{ O∏ kczk
G*k* <ipÇÇd`q\ ) Bdzj omÉic O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( n™_( om* 5,*
/3 QÇ _Ð6 H*H* =pib\g\qnfd( Bdzj omÉic O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( -554( n™_( om* 57 G*k* <ip³d`q\( Bdzj omÉic O∏ kczk lpı^ o„( n™_( om* 45*
-3
Trang 40lpı^ o„ ™Âp ^âib ^Ñ ^cpib h¸o hÐ^ ™Ç^c g{ o∆j i^i lpz omÉic cžk oz^lpı^ oÁ c³p cdÎp omjib ^z^ g±ic q½^ fcz^ ic\p bd³\ ^z^ lpı^ bd\ q{
^Üië _|i( kczk ic|i ^z^ i∏˛^* >z^ ibptÅi o¨^ ^∂ ]»i ^Ý\ ^Üib kczklpı^ o„ ^≤i: ™˜ib ocŁd g{ ic³ib ibptÅi o‘^ ^∂ ]»i ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^o„* q ibp˜i gp“o( Š ^» c\d ib{ic gp“o i{t ™Âp ^Ñ ibp˜i g{ ™dÂp ∏˛^lpı^ o„ q{ o“k lpzi lpı^ o„*
=Åi ^∆ic ic³i∂ ™dÁh bdıi∂ ic\p ocÉ bd³\ O∏ kczk lp˘^ o„ q{
^Üib kczk lpı^ o„ ^Ñ ic³ib ™dÅh fcz^ ic\p ^∂ ]»i h\ib oÇic ^cÀo
™€^ ompib ^Ý\ c\d ib{ic gp“o i{t* L\– b\ßh& ™ıd o∏ži› ™dÂp ^cÌic ^Ý\O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎ _|i n½ ^Ñ t„p o˘ i∏˛^ i`j{d h{ omjib
™Ñ ^cÝ tÅp q{ om∏˛^ odÅi g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎ o{d n»i( n\p ™Ñ g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎic|i oc|i kcd o{d n»i* >Öi ™ıd o∏žib ™dÂp ^cÌic ^â\ ^Üi∂ kczk lpı^
oÅ g{ ^z^ lp\i cÎ ^cÇic omÔ q{ ic³ib fcÇ\ ^∆ic ^cÇic omÔ ^Ý\ lp\i cÎfdic o„( q¨i cÑ\( fcj\ cÚ^ f¥ ocp“o*** bd³\ ^z^ ^cÝ ocÁ ^Ý\ ^Üib kczklpı^ o„ omjib ™Ñ ^z^ lp\i cÎ ^cÇic omÔ g{ ^cÝ t„p* L\– \U]& q kc∏∂ibkczk ™dÂp ^cÌic* H€^ _â ^Öi icdÂp lp\i ™dÁh fcz^ ic\p( ic∏ib mÀoicdÂp oz^ bd» ™} Ýib c¸ lp\i ™dÁh ^cj m÷ib kc∏∂i`7 kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic
^Ý\ ^Üib kczk lpı^ o„ g{ kc∏∂ib kczk oc∏∂i\( g∏žin( ocÛ\ ocp“i bd³\
^z^ ^cÝ ocÁ ^Ý\ gp“o ^Üib kczk lpı^ o„ q˛d ic\p( ^Öi O∏ kczk lpı^ o„
^Ñ c\d kc∏∂ib kczk ™dÂp ^cÌic g{ kc∏∂i` kczk om½^ od„k $kc∏∂ibkczk oc½^ ^cÀo% q{ kc∏jië kczk bdzi od„k $kc∏∂ib kczk spi∂ ™¸o%*L\– VU& ^cÝ ocÁ ^Ý\ ^Üib kczk lpı^ o„ g{ ^z^ lpı^ bd\ ^Ñ ^cÝ lptÂi(
^z^ _{i o¸^ ™\ib ™Àp om\ic bd{ic lptÂi _|i o¸^ o½ lpt„o( ^z^ o˘ ^cÞ^gdÅi ^cÇic kcÝ omjib ™Ñ lpı^ bd\ g{ ^cÝ ocÁ ^cÝ t„p* >cÝ ocÁ ^∂ ]»i
^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ g{ ^z^ oc„ ic|i q{ kczk ic|i ^Ý\ ^z^ i∏˛^ fcz^ic\p( ^Öi lpı^ ∆d\ g{ ^cÝ ocÁ ™€^ ]dÎo ^Ý\ O∏ kczk lpı^ o„* L\– hö&
q ibp˜i gp“o( O∏ kczk lpı^ o„ ^Ñ ]\ i›p˜i gp“o g{ gp“o lpı^ `d\( ™dÂp
∏˛^ lpı^ o„ q{ o“k lpzi lpı^ o„ omji› ™Ñ gp“o lpı^ bd\ g{ ibp˜i ^cÝt„p ^Öi ^Üib kczk lpı^ o„ ^cÇ ^Ñ c\d ibp˜i { ™dÂp ∏˛^ lpı^ o„ q{o“k lpzi lpı^ o„* Ibj{d ic³i∂ ™dÁh fcz^ ic\p ^∂ ]»i ™Ñ ^càib o\
^Öi ^Ñ ocÁ fÁ ™„i h¸o nı ™d^h fcz^ ic\p ic∏ ]dÎi kczk ^c„ o{d( qÂomÉic o½ bd»d lpt„o ^z^ om\ic ^cÀk*** ?j ™Ñ( fcÑ ^Ñ ocÁ fcÿib ™Ôic O∏kczk lpı^ o„ i÷h omjib cÎ ocıib kczk gp“o lpı^ o„*