CÁCH SỬ DỤNG: Hành động xảy ra trong tương lai với thời gian xác định: Các tín hiệu là: Next, tomorrow Thí duï: I shall meet him tomorrow.. He will cut that tree down next week...[r]
Trang 1TÓM TẮT VỀ THÌ ĐỘNG TỪ
TRƯƠNG VĂN ÁNH
Trang 21 HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN (SIMPLE PRESENT)
Cách thành lập:
we, they và số nhiều.
Chủ ngữ là he, she, it và số ít.
Khẳng định Động từ để nguyên Động từ có thêm S
(ES) Phủ định Don’t + động từ để
Trang 3* Khi chủ ngữ là I, we, you, they và danh từ số nhiều,
động từ để nguyên.
Thí dụ: We learn English every day The students often study in the library.
* Khi chủ ngữ là he, she, it và danh từ số ít, động từ có
thêm S hoặc ES (giống như cách thêm S và ES ở danh từ số nhiều).
Thí dụ: She learns English every day The boy often goes
to the library
* Chúng ta có hai ngoại lệ:
TO BE được chia ở hiện tại đơn là: AM, IS và ARE.TO
HAVE được chia ở hiện tại đơn là: HAVE và HAS.
Trang 4CÁCH SỬ DỤNG:
1 Thói quen ở hiện tại: Các tín hiệu là always,
usually, often, sometimes, every …
Thí dụ: He often comes to class on time
They always stay at home on Sundays
2 Sự thật tổng quát:
Thí dụ: Sugar is sweet Stone sinks in the water
Trang 52 HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN (PRESENT
Thí dụ: She is singing now
We are eating at the moment.
Trang 62 Dạng mệnh lệnh ngắn theo sau bởi hành động đang diễn tiến:
Thí dụ: Look! She is crying Listen! They are singing
Trang 73 QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN (SIMPLE PAST)
Cách thành lập:
tắc
Động từ bất
quy tắc
Nghi vấn DID … + V + … ?
Trang 8Động từ được chia làm hai nhóm: quy tắc và bất quy tắc Có
khoảng 300 động từ bất quy tắc và chúng ta phải học thuộc lòng.
CÁCH SỬ DỤNG:
1 Hành động quá khứ có thời gian xác định: last, ago, yesterday
Thí dụ: They held a party last week
She died ten years ago.
2 Hành động ngắn xảy ra bất chợt trong suốt thời gian khi hành
động dài đang tiến triển:
Thí dụ: The police came in while they were playing cards.
3 Hành động xảy ra sau hành động khác trong quá khứ Hành động trước dùng quá khứ hoàn thành, hành động sau dùng quá khứ đơn: Thí dụ: When the police came, the robbers had run away.
Trang 94 TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN GIẢN (Simple future)
Hành động xảy ra trong tương lai với thời gian xác định:
Các tín hiệu là: Next, tomorrow
Thí dụ: I shall meet him tomorrow He will cut that tree down next week.
Trang 105 QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN (PAST CONTINUOUS)
Công thức:
Was
+ V-ing
Were
Lưu ý: Was theo sau I, He, She, It và danh từ số ít Were
theo sau We, You, They và danh từ số nhiều.
Trang 112 Hành động đang diễn tiến trong suốt một khoảng thời gian trong quá khứ.
Thí dụ: They were playing cards all evening yesterday
I was sleeping between 1p.m and 3p.m last Sunday.
3 Hành động dài đang tiếp diễn khi hành động ngắn bất chợt xảy
ra Các liên từ thời gian là While, When, As.
Thí dụ: They were living peacefully when the war broke out
While he was walking along the street, a car hit him.
4 Hai hành động dài song song trong quá khứ Liên từ thời gian là
Trang 126 HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH (Present perfect)
Trang 13Thí dụ: How long have you studied English? - I have studied
English for two years.
2 Hành động trong quá khứ gần:
Các tín hiệu là: just, recently, lately
Thí dụ: She has just bought a lovely dress Recently he has been ill.
3 Hành động đã xảy ra và lặp đi lặp lại:
Các tín hiệu là: twice, three times, several times, many times,
Thí dụ: Mr Brown has been to Paris twice They have visited
Ha Long Bay many times.
4 Hành động trong các thành ngữ sau đây:
(Trong so sánh nhất hoặc có số thứ tự).
Trang 14It first That is secondThis only
It That is tính từ ở so sánh nhấtThis
Thí dụ: This is the first time I have been here (But: I am here for the first time)
It is the most delicious stew I have ever eaten
Trang 157 QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH (PAST PERFECT)
Công thức:
HAD + P.P.
Lưu ý: Nếu là động từ quy tắc, quá khứ đơn và quá khứ phân từ giống nhau: thêm ED sau động từ Nếu là động từ bất quy tắc ta tra ở cột ba của bảng động từ bất quy tắc.
CÁCH SỬ DỤNG:
1 Hành động x y ra trước một điểm thời gian trong ảy ra trước một điểm thời gian trong
quá khứ Giới từ được sử dụng là: Before và By.
Thí dụ: He had bought a house before 2001 They had got master degrees before 1998.
Trang 162 Hành động x y ra trước một hành động khác ảy ra trước một điểm thời gian trong
trong quá khứ Các liên từ được sử dụng là: After,
Before, When, Because.
Thí dụ: Before the child got up, his parents had
Trang 178 TƯƠNG LAI GẦN (THE NEAR FUTURE TENSE)
2 Cảm giác chắc chắn của người nói.
Thí dụ: (Her belly is big) She is going to have a baby He is seriously wounded I am afraid he is going to die.
Trang 183 Một hành động tương lai gần ngay lập tức.
Thí dụ: Everyone out! It is going to explode
4 Một hành động tiên đoán trong tương lai
Thí dụ: Look at those black clouds It is going to rain soon
Trang 19Exercises 1: Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets (Present simple or present continuous)
1 Every day she (clean) her teeth
2 Huynh Khanh (learn) every day
3 Toai (watch) TV now
4 Sanh often (help) his friends
5 My Vi always (wash) her clothes
6 Ky (open) all the doors and windows every
morning
7 My Ngoc (listen) to the music now
Trang 208 Nhi (cook) in the kitchen at the moment.
9 Anh Thu sometimes (drink) coke
10 Thanh Quan (brush) his teeth twice a day
11 Dinh usually (practise) his lessons
12 Viet sometimes (be) absent from class
13 Hien often (borrow) money from his friends
14 Turn the light on, please I (read) a book
15 At the moment Danh (type) a lesson
16 When I come, he (feed) his dog
Trang 2117 Ha (sweep) the floor twice a day.
18 Ly (drink) lemonade now
19 Mr Hat (help) his son with the homework now
20 Mui (clean) his desk every day
21 Suong (not do) a test now
22 Mai and Vi (save) money every day?
23 Viet (not go) to school tomorrow
24 Manh (not write) an exercise at the moment
25 Anh Thu and Thuan Anh (listen) to music now?
Trang 2226 Lai (not wash) the table cloth every day.
27 What he (do) at the moment?
28 Where you often (have) breakfast?
29 What time he (get) up every day?
30 What she (cook) in the kitchen now?
31 What film the students (watch) at the moment?
32 Where Lien (live) now?
33 How often you (learn) English?
34 Why he (learn) English every day?
Trang 2335 Chung (not do) his homework at the moment.
36 Hao (play) chess now?
37 Hai Tam always (help) her friends.
38 My Linh often (smile) when she meets everybody.
39 Thuy (cook) chicken soup now?
40 Hoa (sometimes fry) pancakes?
41 Mrs Sau (dry) the clothes in the sun every day.
42 Tu Anh (often sing) songs.
43 Tan Dat (stay) at school now?
44 Bao often (destroy) viruses in the computers for everybody.
Trang 2445 Khanh often watches films, but today he (watch) a football match.
46 Thuan Khanh often (feed) her dog.
47 Hai Tam (help) her mother with the cooking at the moment.
48 At the moment Xuan (count) her chickens in the pen.
49 Dinh (swim) in the lake right now.
50 A millipede (crawl) very slowly.
51 Trung (read) a book at the moment.
52 Bao often (run) his computer.
53 Now Kieu (cook) in the kitchen.
54 Tuong Linh always (get) good marks.
Trang 2555 Long (work) there up to now.
56 Look! It (rain) very hard.
57 Keep silent! Someone (come).
58 She often drinks tea, but today she (drink) lemonade.
59 Where is Huy? He (swim) in the river.
60 I can not see Tam Maybe he (drink) coffee in the
canteen.
61 Help me! I (do) a problem here.
62 Hang is worried Her father (stay) in hospital.
63 Quyen (go) to town three times a week.
64 Nguyet (take) a bath every day.
Trang 2665 Stop there! The police (work) in the site.
66 Lan (visit) that pagoda once a year
67 Lan often (get) up early
68 Mai (cook) in the kitchen at the moment
69 We (not eat) bread every day
70 Khanh (not sleep) in the bedroom now
71 They (play) football next Sunday?
72 The workers (build) a house now?
73 You always (go) to class on time?
74 Mai Chinh (brush) her teeth every day
Trang 2775 Ngan (not paint) the door at the moment.
76 Vi (not write) a letter now
77 Bich Tran sometimes (drink) coke
78 Giao and Anh (not sing) songs every day
79 The farmers (plant) potatoes now?
80 Thanh (not talk) to her friends now
81 The students usually (listen) to music?
82 Quan (learn) English three days a week
83 Nhi (drink) lemonade now
84 Anh Thu (not play) video games at the moment
Trang 2885 Dinh (not iron) his clothes every day.
86 Cuc (often wash) her clothes?
87 Oanh (clean) her bicycle at the present moment?
88 The engineers (work) at the site at the moment.
89 Mr Anh (teach) English every day.
90 Thuan An (watch) TV every evening?
91 They (look) for the key now.
92 Long (look) at the picture at the moment?
93 Her friends (not phone) her every day.
94 The children (run) in the yard now.
Trang 2995 Linh (not make) a cake tomorrow.
96 Tuong Linh (not draw) pictures at the moment
97 Thien frequently (take) a taxi?
98 Mr and Mrs Lai (not grow) vegetables now
99 The girls (skip) ropes at the moment?
100 You (like) films?
101 I (need) a kilo of sugar, please
102 Look! They (fly) kites
103 Jack (draw) a picture now
104 Mary often (play) music?
Trang 30105 Thomas (not watch) TV now.
106 What Hoa (do) every day?
107 What they (do) now?
108 Why he (paint) the house at the moment?
109 He (not play) football every week
110 We (not drink) beer very often
Trang 31Exercises 2: Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets
1 Lan often (get) up early
2 Mai (cook) in the kitchen at the moment
3 Duy (do) a test tomorrow
4 We (not eat) bread every day
5 Next week Viet (not go) fishing
6 Khanh (not sleep) in the bedroom now
7 They (play) football next Sunday?
8 The workers (build) a house now?
Trang 329 You always (go) to class on time?
10 He (be) sad yesterday.
11 Khanh (do) his homework last night.
12 She was very tired She (not watch) TV last night.
13 Mr Hai (sell) his car last month.
14 While he (walk) along the street, he saw her.
15 It (blow) very strongly now.
16 At the moment they (not read) books.
17 Mr Son (live) in Long An for forty years.
18 Vi (learn) English since she was in grade 2.
Trang 3319 Diep (just say) goodbye to Lan.
20 So far Diem (win) three provincial prizes.
21 The dog (die) three days ago.
22 The ITC fire (take) place in October 2002.
23 They (cut) the tree down lately.
24 Uncle Ho (be) born in 1890.
25 Every four years the Olympic Games (take) place.
26 Last year Bac Lieu province (gain) a lot of
achievements.
27 Uncle Ho (leave) Vietnam to find the way for
national salvation in 1911.
Trang 3428 Listen! They (cheer) wildly in the stadium.
29 Tuong Linh (play) a game now
30 Hold the line I (talk) to him.
31 What place she (visit) next month?
32 What she (cook) in the kitchen now?
33 What film the students (watch) at the moment?
34 Where Lien (live) now?
35 How often you (learn) English?
36 How much sugar he (get) in the supermarket last Sunday?
37 Why you (not go) to Can Tho last Wednesday?
Trang 3538 What she (not eat) at the party tomorrow?
39 What time he (come) to HCM City tomorrow?
40 Why he (learn) English every day?
41 She (just buy) a new fridge
42 Nhung (teach) in Ngan Dua so far
43 Long (listen) to this song many times
44 Ngan (not learn) computer science yet
45 Tho (know) this problem?
46 Lai (open) a karaoke shop next month
47 Chung (not do) his homework at the moment
Trang 3648 Hao (play) chess now?
49 Nga (not lock) the door last night.
50 Hai Tam always (help) her friends.
51 Dao (save) the file a moment ago.
52 Phong (water) flowers recently?
53 My Linh often (smile) when she meets everybody.
54 Hong Nga (just catch) a frog in the meadow.
55 Bich Van (trade) jewelry for five years
56 Huy (not clean) his teeth yesterday morning
57 Bich Tran (hold) a party next week.
Trang 3758 Nhan (restore) that file last Sunday.
59 Thuy (cook) chicken soup now?
60 Hoa (sometimes fry) pancakes?
61 Mrs Sau (dry) the clothes in the sun every day.
62 Hang (get) some match in the shop last night.
63 Tu Anh (often sing) songs.
64 Tu Linh (just learn) English with Sir Anh.
65 Tan Dat (stay) at school now?
66 Thanh (find) some money in the street yesterday.
67 Phuc (make) a present for her next birthday.
Trang 3868 Cong (insert) the floppy disc a moment ago.
69 Dao (work) hard recently.
70 Turn off the radio We (discuss) an important problem
71 While students were doing a test, Mr Anh (work) on his
laptop.
72 At eight o’clock last night Dung (type) a letter.
73 Mai (sew) a shirt when Hien called her.
74 Miss Ga (design) some flowers when the pencil broke.
75 My Van (throw) a rotten tomato at him last week.
76 At three o’clock yesterday Nam (observe) some birds in a nest.
77 Bao often (destroy) viruses in the computers for everybody.
Trang 3978 Tu Ngan (open) a website recently.
79 Dai Trang (not save) that file yet.
80 Some birds (sing) beautifully when Nga woke up this morning.
81 The man (just tie) some bundles of seedlings.
82 Khanh often watches films, but today he (watch) a football match.
83 Nhan (drill) the door tomorrow.
84 Thuong (hit) the column She feels hurt on her head now.
85 Bao (shout) very loudly at the match He has a
sorethroat now.
86 Minh (take) a trip next summer.
Trang 4087 Thuan Khanh often (feed) her dog.
88 Hai Tam (help) her mother with the cooking at the
moment.
89 Bang (wash) the clothes when Huong came.
90 Bich Van (work) very hard She can earn a lot of money.
91 Dang (learn) English with Mr Anh recently.
92 Hoa (search) for her pen for ten minutes, and she finds it.
93 Tomorrow Diem (take) part in a meeting.
94 Lately Loan (earn)some money, working for a shop.
95 Binh (save) some money for two months
96 Yesterday Ha (break) a flower-pot by accident.
Trang 4197 Tram (type) a letter when someone shouted loudly.
98 Hai (have) his chest x-rayed last Sunday.
99 At the moment Xuan (count) her chickens in the pen.
100 Quan (not join) the Party yet.
101 Long (wait) for you for two hours He ‘s over there.
102 Dinh (swim) in the lake right now.
103 Three years ago he (not know) anything about
computer science.
104 Thanh and Hang (know) each other for a long time.
105 A millipede (crawl) very slowly.
Trang 42107 Hoan (buy) a new car yesterday.
108 Nhan (buy) that camera next week
109 Mrs Lien (win) a prize last month
110 Trung (read) a book at the moment
111 Sen (drive) this car last month
112 Bao often (run) his computer
113 Now Kieu (cook) in the kitchen
114 Tuong Linh always (get) good marks
115 Kha (trap) mice many times
116 Dang (write) for that newspaper for ten years
Trang 43117 Long (work) there up to now.
118 Phan (not eat) that dish yet
119 Look! It (rain) very hard
120 Cuc (help) you yesterday?
121 Nga (not sing) tomorrow because she is too shy
122 Keep silent! Someone (come)
123 What you (find) there last time?
124 She often drinks tea, but today she (drink)
lemonade
125 Why he (not come) then?
Trang 44126 Where is Huy? He (swim) in the river.
127 Thien Son (learn) English for four years
128 Xuan is very tired She (go) to bed
129 Diem My (study) overseas next year
130 When (you) leave the station last time?
131 I can not see Tam Maybe he (drink) coffee in the canteen
132 Help me! I (do) a problem here
133 Hang is worried Her father (stay) in hospital
134 When he (meet) her next time?