* Preposition + gerund giới từ +gerund: be interested in thích thú xin lỗi về.. think about nghĩ về.[r]
Trang 1GERUND AND TO-INFINITIVE
A/ LÝ THUY T Ế
I) GERUND: là nh ng đ ng t thêm –ing.ữ ộ ừ
* Nh ng đ ng t theo sau b i GERUND: ữ ộ ừ ở
admit (th a nh n)ừ ậ suggest (đ ngh )ề ị risk : li uề lĩnh
avoid (tránh) give up (b )ỏ recollect (h i tồ ưởng l i)ạ
appreciate (đánh giá cao) hate (ghét) regret (h i ti c ,ân h n)ố ế ậ
consider (cho là ,xem là) imagine = fancy (tưởng tượng) resist ( gh u đị ược, ch ng l i)ố ạ
deny (ph nh n) mention (đ c p ,nói đ n)ủ ậ ề ậ ế start / begin
delay (trì hoãn) mind (ph n đ i,phi n)ả ố ề support ( ng h )ủ ộ
detest = dislike : ko thích mean (invole)
understand
discuss (talk about) miss (nh /b l ) ớ ỏ ỡ spend dread (s )ợ prefer (thích h n)ơ
enjoy (thưởng th c)ứ prevent (ngăn)
escape (tr n thoát)ố postpone = put off (trì hoãn)
finish (hoàn thành) quit (t b ) ừ ỏ
forgive recall (g i l i,nh l i)ợ ạ ớ ạ
like / love / hate / enjoy / dislike + V-ing : s thíchở
* Nh ng thành ng v i “go +V-ing”: ữ ữ ớ
Trang 2Go camping (đi c m tr i)ắ ạ go shopping (đi mua s m) ắ go swimming
Go dancing (đi khiêu vũ) go fishing (đi câu cá) go sightseeing
* Preposition + gerund (gi i t +gerund): ớ ừ
be interested in (thích thú) think about (nghĩ v )ề apologize for (xin l i v )ỗ ề
insist on (khăng khăng v )ề talk about (nói v )ề
instead of (thay vì)
look forward to (mong đ i)ợ
II) TO-INFINITIVE
* Nh ng đ ng t theo sau b i TO-INFINITIVE: ữ ộ ừ ở
decide to (quy t đ nh) ế ị pretend to (gi v )ả ờ would like to
hope to (hi v ng)ọ expect to (mong ch )ờ be able to
want to mean to (mu n)ố be willing to ( s nẵ sàng)
need to try to (c g ng)ố ắ be going to
ask to fail to (r t)ớ manage to ( xoay s )ở demand to (yêu c u)…ầ deserve to (x ng đáng)ứ volunteer to
agree to (đ ng ý)ồ struggle to ( đ u tranh)ấ appear to
consent to (đ ng ý)ồ offer to (cung c p/ c ng hi n) ấ ố ế warn to
refuse to (t ch i)ừ ố plan to (d đ nh)ự ị intend to
beg to (c u xin)ầ care to (quan tâm) swear to (th )ề
claim to (đòi h i, th nh c u)ỏ ỉ ầ threaten to (đe d a)ọ promise to (h a)ứ hestiate to (do d )ự afford to (đ kh năng)ủ ả learn to ( h c)ọ
begin / start continue seem to
Trang 3- like / love / prefer : dùng đ di n t vi c thích ho c mu n làm 1 vi c gì đó vào 1 th i ể ễ ả ệ ặ ố ệ ờ
đi m c th nào đó.ể ụ ể
* Verb +O +To-infinitive:
want s.o to encourage s.o to
need s.o to remind s.o to
ask s.o to (h i , nh )ỏ ờ invite s.o to
Would like s.o to permit s.o to
advise s.o to (khuyên) allow s.o to
tell s.o to (b o)ả warn s.b to (c nh báo)ả
request s.o to (yêu c u); ầ order s.o to (ra l nh)ệ
require s.o to (đòi h i)ỏ force s.o to
order s.o to (ra l nh).ệ
Ex: She advises me to leave here early
B/ EXERCISES
1/ Complete the sentences using a verb from the box Put the verbs into the gerunds.
go cry live read work take smoke get up be
a He loves ……working………… in the garden.
b I really enjoy ……… in the bed on Sunday mornings
c Are you going to give up ……….?
d Joe started ……… to school by bike last week
e Sylvia suggested ……… the train to Scotland as it’s faster than the car
f I hate ……… early in the morning
g The baby stopped ……… when her mother came home
h She’s enjoying university but she misses ……… with her old friends
Trang 4i Do they like ……… in their new home?
j I’m going to finish ……… this book tonight
2/ Complete the sentences using the verbs from the box Use the
to-infinitive.
have pay help sleep do post leave go visit drive
a I forgot ……to do… my homework last night
b She’s hoping ……… to university next year
c He offered ……… me but I said no because I didn’t really need any help
d Did you remember ……….those letters?
e She decided ……… her job because the pay was so bad
f Are you learning ……… ?
g I wanted ……… a picnic but the weather was terrible
h We tried ……… but there was a lot of noise outside
i We’re planning ………my cousin in Australia
j He agreed ……….for the broken window
3/ Complete the sentences with the verbs in the correct form (gerund or to-infinitive).
a Don’t forget ……to phone… your mother (phone)
b I love ….being… on my own and …listening…to music (be/listen)
c Do you want ……… tonight? (go out)
d Would you like ……… to the beach this afternoon? (go)
e I remembered ……… all the doors but I forgot the lights (lock/ turn off)
f Are you planning ………… On holiday this year? (go)
g He agreed ……….me after I wrote him a letter (see)
Trang 5h I enjoy ……… your leters very much (read)
i We like ……….here but we miss ……….to our old friends (live/ talk)
j I’d like ……….a job with a foreign company (get)
k I’m going to learn ……… Spanish before we go to Spain for our holidays next year (speak)
l Matthew suggested ……….for a meal but I wanted ……….at home (go out/ stay)
m I don’t like ……… violent films (watch)
n When I was a child, I hated ……….in the dark (sleep)
o She finished ……… the book but then she decided ……… another one (write/start)
p We’re hoping ……… the house next week (finish/ paint)
q I am hoping ……… ………… at the factory soon (stop/ work)
r He’s very mean – he never offers ……… for anything (pay)
s I tried ……… sugar in my tea but I didn’y like it (give up/ take)