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L/O/G/OAdjectives and adverbs

• This chapter will describe the principal

characteristics of adjectives and adverbs

What are Adjectives?

♦ Adjectives describe nouns (names of persons, places, or things) or pronouns.

Ex: 1.Ho Ngoc Ha is a wise woman ( the Adjectives wise

describes the noun woman)

2.My English teacher is very beautiful girl.

♦ Adjectives usually come before the word they describe ( wise woman,

beautiful girl) But they also come after forms of the verb be (is, are,

was, were, and so on) They also follow verbs such as look, appear, seem, become, sound, taste, smell….

1.That road is slippery

2.Those customers were impatient.

3.Your room looks neat.

Using adjectives to compare

♦ For all one-syllable adjectives and some two-syllable

adjectives, add –er when comparing two things and –est

when comparing three or more things

Ex: Phil’s beard is longer than mine, but Lee’s is the longest

♦ For some two-syllable adjectives and all longer adjectives, use

more when comparing two things and most when comparing three or more things

Ex: Phi Thanh Van is more famous than Phuong My, but HKT

is the most famous singer in Vietnam.

NOTE :

♦ You can usually tell when to use more and most by the sound

of a word For example, you can probably tell by its sound that

“ carefuller ” would be too awkward to say and that more

careful is thus correct But there are many words for which

both –er or –est and more or most are equally correct For

instance, either “ a more fair rule” or “ a fairer rule” is correct

♦ To form negative comparisons, use less and least.

Ex: During my first dance class, I felt less graceful than an

injured elephant

ADJECTIVES

1.My mother’s suitcase is always

more heavier than my father’s.

2.Is HKT the most famousest

band in Vietnam?

1.My mother’s suitcase is always

heavier than my father’s.

2.Is HKT the most famous band in Vietnam?

Point 2:

Learn the irregular forms of the words shown below.

♣ Do not use both more and an irregular comparative or most

and an irregular superlative.

ADJECTIVES

Add to each sentence the correct form of the word in the margin.

bad wonderful good young bad unusual little

Ex: The worst job I ever had was babysitting for spoiled four year old twins The most wonderful day of my life was when my child was born.

1 The …… pop music I have ever listened is “Gee” of SNSD.

2 Kyuhyun is the ………… of the thirteen brothers in Super Junior.

3 A rain that freezes is than a snowstorm.

4 That’s the ……….…… … hair I’ve ever seen of HKT- it’s looked like a broom.

5 Being painfully shy has made Noo Phuoc Thinh the ……… friendly

What Are Adverbs?

Adverbs describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs They usually end in –ly

1.The father gently hugged the sick child

(The adverb gently describes the verb hugged)

2.Newborns are totally innocent

(The adverb totally describes the adjective innocent.)

3.The lecturer spoke so terribly fast that I had trouble taking notes

(The adverb terribly describes the adverb fast).

NOTE: A Common Mistake with Adverbs and Adjectives

People often mistakenly use an adjective instead of an adverb after a verb

Well and Good

-Two words that are often confused are well and good:

+ Good is an adjective; it describes nouns

+Well is usually an adverb; it describes verbs

-But well ( rather than good ) is used as an adjective when referring to health

Ex:

1.Huyen Nga is good at chemistry

2.Thanh Tam sing very well

L/O/G/OMISPLACED MODIFIERS

What are misplaced modifiers?

Misplaced modifiers are word that, because of awkward placement,

do not describe what the writer intended them to describe

EX:

1.Wrong: Geogre couldn’t drive to work in his small sports car with a broken leg (The sports car had

a broken leg?)

With a broken leg, Geogre couldn’t drive to work in his small sports car.

2.He nearly brushed his teeth for twenty minutes every night (He came

close to brushing his teeth but in fact did not brush them at all?)

He brushed his teeth for nearly twenty minutes every night.

Ex: Frozen shrimp lay in the steel pans that were thawing

rapidly

Fozen shrimp that were thawing rapidly lay in the steel pans.

3.Steve carefully hung the new suit that he would wear to his first job interview

in the bedroom closet.

On the psychiatrist’s couch, the patient talks about his childhood.

With swiveling heads, the crowd watched the tennis players.

The newscaster wearing a bulletproof vest spoke softly into a microphone.

The tenants owing two months’rent left town in a dilapidated old car.

Anne ripped the shirt that she made in sewing class on a car door.

In the bedroom closet, Steve carefully hung the new suit that he would

wear to his job interview.

L/O/G/ODANGLING MODIFIERS

This chapter will describe dangling modifiers – descriptive

words open a sentence but do describe what the author intended

them to describe.

INCORRECT:

●While reading the newspaper, my dog sat with me on the steps.

(The sentence misleadingly states that the dog was reading the news) CORRECT:

● While I was reading the newspaper, my dog sat with me on the steps.

OR: ● While reading the newspaper, I sat with my dog on the front steps

(The sentence makes it clear that the subject “ I “ was reading the newspaper)

L/O/G/ODANGLING MODIFIERS

Here are other sentences with dangling modifiers Read the

explanations why they are dangling, and look carefully at how they are corrected.

L/O/G/ODANGLING MODIFIERS

While turning over the bacon,hot

grease splashed my arm.

While I was turning over the bacon, hot grease splashed my arm.

Or: While turning over the bacon, I was splashed by hot grease

L/O/G/ODANGLING MODIFIERS

1/To improve his results, the experiment was done again.

2/ Listening to the sad news, my eyes filled with tears.

3/ Hoping to excuse my lateness, the note was written and given to my teacher

teacher

4/Although nearly finished, we left the play early because we were worried

about our sick cat.

about our sick cat.

L/O/G/O