Trong lời nói gián tiếp loại câu hỏi này được mở đầu bằng các động từ “ ask, wonder …” và theo sau có “if/ whether”.. - “ Will Tom be here tomorrow?.” She told -> She wondered whether To[r]
Trang 1THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE WITH “ WISH”
A Grammar:
I.The past simple:
+ Dtả hành động xảy ra tại 1 thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ
He met her yesterday
+ Dtả hành động thường làm hay quen làm trong quá khứ
I often went swimming every Sunday when I was young
+ Dtả hành động đã thực hiện trong 1 khoảng thời gian dài trong quá khứ
He lived in Ha Noi from 1990 to 2000
II.The past simple with WISH: Diễn tả ước muốn ko thực sự xảy ra ở hiện tại
*Cấu trúc: S1 + Wish(es) + S2 + -Would/ could + V_infinitive
-V (simple past_quá khứ đơn)
-Were
ex: I wish that I had enough time to finish my research
They wish that they didn’t have to go to class today
I wish I were older
** Lưu ý: + Nếu động từ theo sau S2 là (to)be thì thường chia là “WERE” với
tất cả các loại chủ ngữ (xem công thức)+ S1 và S2 có thể giống nhau hoặc không (tuỳ theo nghĩa của câu)+ Có thể thay WISH bằng WOULD RATHER
B Exercise:
I.Chọn đáp án đúng:
Câu 1:The capital of Malaysia is………
Câu 2: Razali Maryam…… with Lan last week
Câu 3:Lan and Maryam………… at least once every two weeks.
A.correspondenc
e
B.correspondent C.correspond D.corresponded
Câu 4:Did they……Ho Chi Minh’s Mausoleum and Temple of Literature?
Câu 5:Lan wishes Maryam………a longer vacation.
Câu 6: On Maryam’s……… …in Ha Noi Lan took her to hoan kiem lake.
Câu 7*: Did Lan…… walk past the Mosque on her way to primary school?
Câu 8*:Ha Noi is a………city.
Trang 2A.modern busy B.busy modern C busi modern D.busy modernly
Câu 9**:“ We’ll keep………” Lan said to Maryam…….the end of the week.
A.on touch/ in B.in touch/ in C.in touch /at D.in touch/on
Câu 10**: I wish my son………… lazy.
II.Write sentences beginning I wish
1 I don’t know many people in the town
2 It would be nice to be able to fly a plane
3 It’s a shame I don’t have a key
4 Ann isn’t here and I need to see her
5 I don’t like being so short
6 Unfortunately, I have to work tomorrow
7 Don’t shout at the time It’s so annoying
8 I’m sorry I can’t go to thr party
9.I’d like to get access to the Internet, But I don’t have a computer
10 It’s a pity the weather isn’t better today
III Read the passage and do the task below:
Canada is the world’s second largest country The area is 9,970,610 sq km The capital is Ottawa, and the largest city is Toronto The population of Canada is
31, 592, 805 About one- third of the people iare of bristish origin One- forth are of french origin The official language are English and French The United States accounts for about four-fifths of Canada’s exports and supplies more than two- thirds of its imports
* Complete the sentences, using the information from the passage:
1 Canada is the second largest
country -2 Canada comprises an area
of -3 The capital of Canada is
-4 - of people arew Bristish origin, and one-fourth are
of -5 - are spoken in Canada 6. - of Canada’s imports is supplied
* Make up queation then answer:
1 Which/ city/ largest city/ Canada?
2 What/ Population/ Canada?
3 What/ languages/ spoken/ Canada?
IV Give the correct form of the verb in bracket:
1 What you ( do) last weekend?
- I (go) to the theater with my family
2 John and I ( be) penpals for nearly three years
3 We used ( write0 to eachother every month when we (be) at secondary school 4.Minh ( know) a little English, so she ( wish) she( can) speak it fluently
5 Maryam ( stay) with us at the moment She (be) my sister’s friend
Trang 3THE PASSIVE VOICE
A Grammar:
The passive voice:
a Thì hiện tại đơn:
S + BE (am/is/are) + Vp2 ( BY+O)
b Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn
S + BE (am/is/are) + Being +Vp2 ( BY+O)
c Thì hiện tại hoàn thành :
S + Have/ has + Been +Vp2 (By+ O)
d Thì quá khứ đơn :
S + Was/ were + Vp2 ( BY+O)
e Thì qúa khứ tiếp diễn:
S + Was/ were + Being +Vp2 (+ By+O)
f Thì quá khứ hoàn thành:
S + Had + Been +Vp2 (By+ O)
g Thì tương lai đơn:
S + Will + Be (không chia) +Vp2 (By+ O)
h Thì tương lai tiếp diễn:
S + Will + Be (không chia) +Being+Vp2 (By+ O)
i Thì tương lai hoàn thành:
S + Will have + Been +Vp2 (By+ O)
k Modal verbs (động từ khuyết thiếu)
S + (modal verbs)+ be + V-ed/ V3(PII) (+By+O)
B EXERCISE:
1 Choose the best answer:
Câu 1: I ………my book I can’t find it anywhere.
Câu 2:ManyVietnamese women today often prefer……… modern clothing at
work
Câu 3:For a long time, the áo dài…… the subject of poems,novels,and songs.
Câu 4:I don’t know Minh.I…………met him
A.have never B.never have C.haven’t never D.ever haven’t
Câu 5:He has been a teacher……… he was 20 years old.
Câu 6:Vietnamese women continue………….the unique dress.
Trang 4A.wear B.to wear C.worn D.wore
Câu 7*:The áo dài is now……….traditional……….fashionable
A.both/ and B.and/ both C.both/also D.not only/ and
Câu 8*:Designers have added lots of symbols suns,stars,and stripes to
the áo dài.
Câu 9**:Some designers have taken inspiration………Vietnam’s ethnic
minorities
Câu 10**: The áo dài…… on the sides and worn over loose pants.…
A.is slit B.slit C.was slit D.slitted
2 Put a preposition into each gap:
1 We’re always proud your success
2 His breakfast consists dry bread and a cup of tea
3 Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? – It depends the weather
4 The park was named a young hero, Le Van tam
5.In the 18th century jean cloth was made completely cotton
6.Children’s shoes usully wear very quickly
7.The price of oil has gone by over 30%
8 VietNamese women today often wear modern clothing work, becauseit’s more convinient
Trang 5THE PRESENT PERFECT
A Grammar:
I The present perfect:
1 Dtả HĐ xảy ra trong QK và kéo dài đến hiện tại
I have learned English for 3 years now
2 Dtả HĐ xảy ra trong QK mà ko xác định rõ thời điểm
I have read the report alreadyShe has met him recently
3 Dtả HĐ lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần trong QK
I have been to Pris several times
4 Dtả HĐ xong trước 1 HĐ khác ở hiện tại
He says that he has read that novel
B EXERCISE:
1 Turn into the oposite form:
1 The house was built over 100 years ago
2 People didn’t use this road very often
3.We haven’t used this machine for ages
4 The new drug is being tested
5 Payment can be made at any post office
6 How do people learn language?
7 Oil has been discovered at the North Pole
8 The factory will produce 10,000 cars next year
9 Has your house been decorated recently?
10 Did the noise of the children playing disturb you?
2 Use the correct form of each verb in brackets to finish the sentences:
1 he ( waer) the same old coat since he ( move) here
2 The austronaust’s clothea ( make) from special meterials
3.My brother is an architect He loves ( design) new buildings
4 Mr and Mrs Ba ( take) some beautiful photos They ( take) them a few years ago
5 Nothing ( give) to you if you ( not study) hard
6 Today, many Vietnamese women prefer( wear) the aodai at work.
7 Nam ( award) a gold medal in the chesss tournament last week
3 Complete the second sentence with the same meaning to the first:
1 She last wore that dress at her sister’s wedding
Trang 7Adverb clause result Preposition of time
1 Adverb clauses with “so”:
Là mệnh đề trạng ngữ bắt đầu liên SO (vì vậy) diễn tả một nguyên nhân dẫn đến
một kết quả
S + V +…, so + S + V….
-He didn’t work hard for the examination, so he failed
( He failed because he didn’t work hard for the examination)
2 Adverb clauses with “so/such….that”:
l m nh à ệ đề ạ tr ng ng n i m t nguyên nhân v i m t k t qu b ng cách s ữ ố ộ ớ ộ ế ả ằ ử
d ng so/suchụ …….that
S + V +…So + adjective/ adverb+ that + S + V….
Jim is so intelligent that he always understands what I say
S + V +…such (a/an) + noun +that + S + V….
She is such a good student that all her teachers like her
3 Prepositions:
In : Vào: Chỉ buổi / ngày / tháng / tuần / năm
On Vào: Chỉ buổi của ngày nào / ngày lễ nào
At-Vào lúc: Thời điểm nào / mấy giờ
till Đến một thời điểm
after Sau thời điểm
up to Đến một thời điểm Between: Giữa hai thời điểm
Practice:
Ex 1 Choose the suitable prepositions in brackets
1 Ba and Tam usually go fishing the weekends (on, in, from, at)2.The students will visit the capital the summer (on, in, at, of)
3 They heard a very strange noise midnight (on, in, at, out)
4 Our little brother took a long nap from 1p.m 4p.m (till, up, between, at)
5 She talked an hour to persuade her parents (in, for, at, up to)
6 They have learned English many years (since, for, in, from)
7 The boys often go skiing the winter (in, at, on, for)
8 I’ve studied French 3 months (for, since, in)
9 I arrived the bus stop at 4 in the afternoon (in, at, on, to)
10 We have lived in Hanoi 4 years (in, since, for, at)
11 She was born 16th January (in, of, at, on)
12 I’ve studied French last week (for, since, in)
Trang 813 arrived at the bus stop at 4 the afternoon (in, at, on, to)
14 What did she do the weekend? (on, in, to, for)
Ex 2 Rewrite sentences by using SO:
1 They could help you because they were not here
Ex 3 Join each pair of sentences using SO ….THAT
1 The holidays were very cheap They booked one immediately
1 The water was very dirty We decided not to go swimming
→ The water was so ………
2 She speaks English very well You would thing it was her native language
→ She speaks English so………
3 The road is so narrow that it’s difficult for two cars to pass each other
→ It is………
4 The weather was so warm that I didn’t need a coat
→ It was………
Trang 9Modal: could with “ wish”
Modal verbs with “ if”
1 Modal could with wish (review)
Formation: S + WISH (ES) + S + COULD + V 1
2 The past simple with wish (review)
Formation: S + WISH (ES) + S + WERE / V 2 , V–ED / DIDN’T V 1
Practice:
Ex 1 Choose the best answers
1 There is a small bamboo at the entrance to the village (forestry, wood, forest, tree)
2 He used to full time, but now he is a part time worker (work, working worded, word)
3 They in that house for several months (live, lived, have lived, are living)
4 It rains heavily, I can’t go to the movies with you (and, but, because, so)
5 He is considered one of the greatest of the country (heroes, heroin, heroines heroic)
Ex 2 Choose the best words in brackets
1 Thao wishes she the tennis championship (will win, can win, could win, wins)
2 Phong wishes he Hanoi some day (will visit, would visit, visits, visited)
3 Lan wishes she an astronaut (is, was, were, be)
4 Hoa wishes she to Hue by train (will travel, would travel, travels, travel)
5 The farmers wish it so heavily this season (wouldn’t rain, doesn’t rain, won’t rain)
6 My sister wishes she her bike to school (can ride, rides, could ride, ridden)
7 He wishes he around the world (can travel, could travel, travel)
8 They used up early (get, to get, getting)
9 They wish they a new house (have, had, will have)
10 He wishes he a billionaire (were, is, will be)
Ex 3 Write complete sentences:
1 Thu / wish / have / new bike
Trang 104 The Y&Y club cancels the meeting.
→ The members wish ………
Trang 11Directed and reported speech
Directed and reported speech
- Lời nói gián tiếp là tường thuật lại ý của người nói
- Cách đổi câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp:
1.Thay đổi thì của động từ.
Directed speech (Trực tiếp) Reported speech (Gián tiếp)
Past progressive Past perfect progressive
2.Thay đổ ủi c a các ông t khuy t thi u.đ ừ ế ế
Trang 12*Eg: - Jane said,” I live in the suburbs”
-> Jane said that she lived in the suburbs.
- Ngôi thứ hai ( You, your, yours ) được đổi theo ngôi của tân ngữ trong mệnh đềtường thuật
*Eg: - He said to me,” You can take my book”
-> He said me that I could take his book.
- Ngôi thứ ba ( He, She, It, They, him, his, her ,them ,their) giữ nguyên (Không đổi)
*Eg: - Mary says,” They come to help the pupils.”
-> Mary said that they came to help the pupils
4 Trạng từ chỉ thời gian
Directed speech (Trực tiếp) Reported speech (Gián tiếp)
tomorrow the next day / the following dayyesterday the day before / the previous daylast week/month/year… the previous week/month/year…
the week/month/year…before
next week/month/year… the following week/month/year…
the next week/month/year…
*Eg: - “I’m going now” He said
-> He said he was going then.
- She said “ I was at Hue yesterday”.
-> She said that she had been at Hue the day before.
*Eg: - He said,”Put the books here”
-> He told me to put the books there.
Trang 13I Câu mệnh lệnh, yêu cầu và lời khuyên.(Command, request and advice ).
Trong lời nói gián tiếp loại câu này được bắt đầu bằng động từ: asked, told, ordered, advised,…
Eg: -“ Hurry up, Lan”
-> He told Lan to hurry up.
- “ Shut the door”
-> He ordered them to shut the door.
- “ Don’t leave the room”
-> He told them not to leave the room.
- “ You should stop chatting on the Internet, Mark,” Jane said
-> Jane advised Mark to stop chatting on the Internet.
* Structures (Công thức):
S + V ( asked / told / advised ) + O + to ( not to ) + infinitive.
* Chú ý : Một số động từ khác cũng được sử dụng theo hình thức trên:
persuade, remind, forbid, warn,….
II Câu nghi vấn(Interogative)
1 Yes/ No – questions
Trong lời nói gián tiếp loại câu hỏi này được mở đầu bằng các động từ “ ask, wonder …” và theo sau có “if/ whether”
*Eg: - “ Have you seen that film?” he told her
-> He asked if she had seen that film.
- “ Will Tom be here tomorrow?.” She told
-> She wondered whether Tom would be there the day after.
*Strutures ( Công thức):
S + asked / wanted to know + (O) + If / whether + clause ( lùi thì ).
2 Wh – questions ( who,what, where, why, when,how much/ many/ long” trong câu gián tiếp loại câu này được mở đầu bằng các động từ “ ask, require,
wonder, ”
* Eg: - “ What time does the film begin?.”
-> He asked what time the film begun
- “ What will you do tomorrow?
-> She wondered what I would do the next day
*Strutures (Công thức):
Trang 14S + asked / wanted to know + wh-qs + clause ( lùi thì )
III Câu phát biểu (Statements).
Trong câu gián tiếp loại câu phát biểu này thường được bắt đầu bằng các động từnhư “ said, told ”
* Eg: - He told me, “ I like oranges.”
He said (that) he liked oranges
* Strutures (Công th c).ứ
S + told (O) / said (to + O) + ( that) + clause (lùi thì)
Trang 151 Positive statement + Negative tag ( Câu khẳng định + đuôi phủ định )
Eg: + It is very cold, isn’t it ?
+ They go to school by bus, don’t they ?
2 Negative statement + Positive tag ( Câu phủ định + đuôi khẳng định )
Eg: + I shouldn’t do this, should I ?
+ They don’t like it, do they ?
Lưu ý:
a Trong câu hỏi đuôi, các trợ từ và đại từ thường được dùng
Eg: + You haven’t been there before, have you ?
+ Tom aand Jack can swim, can’t they ?
+ Martin likes coffee, does he ?
b Nghĩa của câu trả lời yes và no cho câu phủ định
Eg: + You’re not American, are you ?
b Dùng aren’t I ? chứ không dùng am not I ?
c Dùng trong câu yêu cầu và đề nghị
d Let’s , shall we ?
B Gerunds after some verbs
Gerunds after some verbs Sử dụng trong các trường hợp sau:
1 Sau một số động từ như: admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, deny,discuss, dislike, enjoy, fancy, finish, imagine, involve, keep(on), mention,mind,miss, postpone,practise, prefer, quit, recall, recommend, resent,risk resist,suggest, tolerate,…
Eg: + Tony dislikes driving small car.
+ Would you mind waiting for a moment ?
+ Have you finished reading that book ?