Bài giảng Giáo trình pascal

USES CRT;CONST MaxLength=50; {do dai danh sach} TYPE Elementtype = Integer; {kieu phan tu trong DS} Position = Integer; {kieu vi tri cac phan tu} List= record {mang chua cac phan tu cua

USES CRT;

CONST MaxLength=50; {do dai danh sach}

TYPE Elementtype = Integer; {kieu phan tu trong DS}

Position = Integer; {kieu vi tri cac phan tu}

List= record

{mang chua cac phan tu cua danh sach}

Element: Array[1 MaxLength] of Elementtype;

Last : Integer; { giu do dai danh sach }

End;

{ -}

Procedure Makenull_List(var L: List);

begin

L.Last:=0;

end;

Function Empty_List(L : List ) : Boolean;

Begin

Empty_List:=(L.Last=0);

End;

{ -}

Procedure Insert_List(X:Elementtype; P:Position; var L: List);

Var q:Position;

Begin

If L.last>=MaxLength Then Writeln('Loi : danh sach day ')

Else

If (p>L.Last+1) or (p<1) Then

Writeln('Loi: vi tri khong hop le ')

Else

Begin

{doi cac phan tu tu vi tri P den cuoi danh sach xuong 1 vi tri }

For q:=L.Last Downto p Do

L.Element[q+1]:=L.Element[q];

L.Last:=L.Last+1; {do dai tang len 1}

L.Element[p]:=X; {dat vao vi tri P}

End;

End;

{ -} procedure Delete_List(P:Position ; var L:List);

Var q:Position;

Begin

If (p>L.last) or (p<1) then

writeln('Loi : vi tri cua phan tu xoa khong hop le ')

Else

Begin

{doi cac phan tu tu vi tri P+1 den cuoi danh sach len 1 vi tri }

For q:=p+1 to L.Last do

L.Element[q-1]:=L.Element[q];

L.Last:=L.Last-1;

End;

End;

Function End_List(L: List) : Position;

Begin

End_List:=L.Last+1;

End;

{ -} Function Next(p:Position; L: List) : Position;

Begin

If (p>L.Last) or (p<1) Then

writeln('Khong xac dinh ')

Else Next:=p+1;

End;

{ -} Function Previous (p:Position; L: List) : Position;

Begin

If (p>L.Last+1) or (p<2) Then

writeln('Khong xac dinh ')

Else Previous:=p-1;

End;

{ -}

Procedure Read_List(var L:List);{Nhap so lieu cho danh sach}

Var

i,n:integer;

X: ElementType;

Begin

Makenull_List(L);

gotoxy(10,6);Write('Nhap vao so luong phan tu cua mang:');Readln(n); For i:=1 to n do

Begin

Gotoxy(10,6+i); Write('Nhap phan tu thu ',i,' : ');

Readln(X);

Insert_List(X,End_List(L),L);

end;

end;

Procedure Read_List1(var L:List;h:word);{Nhap so lieu cho danh sach} Var

i,n:integer;

X: ElementType;

Begin

Makenull_List(L);

gotoxy(10,h);Write('Nhap vao so luong phan tu cua mang:');Readln(n); For i:=1 to n do

Begin

Gotoxy(10,h+i); Write('Nhap phan tu thu ',i,' : ');

Readln(X);

Insert_List(X,End_List(L),L);

end;

end;

{ -}

Procedure Print_List(L:List;n:Word);{Xuat danh sach }

Var

i:integer;

Begin

if (not Empty_List(L)) then

for i:=1 to L.Last do

write(L.Element[i]:n)

else

write('* Danh sach rong');

writeln;

End;

{ -} Procedure KT(L:List;Var n:integer);

Var i:integer;

Begin

i:=1;

While (L.Element[i]<=L.Element[i+1])and(i<L.Last) do

i:=i+1;

n:=i;

End;

Procedure Insert (L:List;Var L1:List;n:position);{Them mot node vao dau, giua, cuoi danh sach} Var i,y:integer;

Begin

L1:=L;

Case n of

1:Begin

Begin

Write('Nhap vao gia tri phan tu muon them vao:');Readln(y);

Insert_List(y,1,L1);

End;

End;

2:Begin

Write('Nhap vao gia tri phan tu muon them vao:');Readln(y);

Insert_List(y,L1.Last+1,L1);

End;

3:Begin

Write('Nhap vao gia tri phan tu muon them vao:');Readln(y);

i:=L1.Last div 2;

Insert_List(y,i+1,L1);

End;

End;

End;

{ -}

Procedure Delete (L:List;Var L1:List;P:Word);{Xoa 1 nut o dau, giua, cuoi danh sach}

Var i:integer;

Begin

L1:=L;

Case p of

1:Delete_List(1,L1);

2:Delete_List(L1.Last,L1);

3:Begin i:=(L1.Last+1) div 2;Delete_List(i,L1);End;

End;

{ -} Procedure Tim(x,y:word;L:List;Var L1:List;h:integer);

Var i:integer;

Begin

MakeNull_List(L1);

gotoxy(x,y);Print_List(L,14);Delay(3000);

For i:=1 to L.Last do

Begin

If L.Element[i]<>h then

Begin

Textcolor(4);

gotoxy(x+i*14-2,y); Write('[',L.Element[i],']<>',h,';VT=',i);Delay(5000); Textcolor(7);

gotoxy(x+i*14-2,y); Write(' ',L.Element[i],' ');

End;

If L.Element[i]=h then

Begin

Textcolor(blue);

gotoxy(x+i*14-2,y); Write('[',L.Element[i],']=',h,';VT=',i);Delay(3000); Textcolor(7);

Insert_List(i,End_List(L1),L1);

gotoxy(x+L1.Last*4,y+2); Write(L1.Element[L1.Last]);

gotoxy(x+i*14-2,y); Write(' ',L.Element[i],' ');

End;

End;

If L1.Last=0 then

Begin

Writeln;Writeln;Writeln;Writeln;Writeln;

Writeln('Gia tri ',h,' khong ton tai trong mang');

End;

End;

{ -} Procedure sapxep1(var L1:list;L:List);

var i,j,t:integer;

Begin

L1:=L;

for i:=1 to End_List(L1)-2 do

for j:=i+1 to End_list(L1)-1 do

if L1.element[j]<L1.element[i] then

begin

t:=L1.element[j];

L1.element[j]:=L1.element[i];

L1.element[i]:=t;

end;

end;

{ -} Procedure Giao(L1,L2:list;var L3:list);

Var i,k,j,t,h:integer;

begin

Makenull_List(L3);

for i:=1 to End_list(L1)-1 do

for j:=1 to End_List(L2)-1 do

if L1.element[i]=L2.element[j] then

insert_list(L2.element[j],End_List(L3),L3);

k:=1;

j:=End_List(L3);

while k<j-2 do

Begin

t:=End_List(L3);

h:=k;

While h<t-1 do

if L3.Element[k]=L3.Element[h+1] then

Begin

Delete_List(h+1,L3);

t:=End_List(L3);

h:=h;

End else h:=h+1;

j:=t;

k:=k+1;

End;

End;

{ -} Procedure AHieuB(x,y:Word;L1,L2:List;Var L:List);

Var i,j,k,h:Word;

Begin

gotoxy(x,y);Print_List(L1,8);

Gotoxy(x,y+1);Print_List(L2,8);

MakeNull_List(L);

For i:=1 to L1.Last do

Begin

gotoxy(x+i*8-2,y); Write('[',L1.Element[i],']');delay(2000);

j:=1;

While (j<End_List(L2))And(L1.Element[i]<>L2.Element[j]) do

Begin

gotoxy(x+j*8-2,y+1); Write('[',L2.Element[j],']');delay(1000);

gotoxy(x+j*8-2,y+1); Write(' ',L2.Element[j],' ');

j:=j+1;

End;

IF L1.Element[i]=L2.Element[j] then

Begin

gotoxy(x+j*8-2,y+1); Write('[',L2.Element[j],']');Delay(2000); gotoxy(x+j*8-2,y+1); Write(' ',L2.Element[j],' ');

TextColor(4);

gotoxy(x+i*8-2,y); Write('[',L1.Element[i],']');

TextColor(7);

End;

if j= End_List(L2) then

Begin

TextColor(blue);

gotoxy(x+i*8-2,y); Write('[',L1.Element[i],']');

TextColor(7);

Insert_List(L1.Element[i],End_List(L),L);

End;

End;

End;

{ -} Procedure DoHoaGhep(x,y:Word;L1,L2:List;Var L:List);

Var i,h:integer;

Begin

L:=L1;

i:=1;

gotoxy(x,y);Print_List(L2,8);

Gotoxy(x,y+1);Print_List(L,8);

While i<=L2.Last do

Begin

gotoxy(x+i*8-2,y); Write('[',L2.Element[i],'] ');delay(2000);

if i<L1.Last then

Begin

TextColor(4);

gotoxy(x+i*2*8-2,y+1); Write('[',L.Element[i*2],']');

gotoxy(x+(i*2-1)*8-2,y+1); Write('[',L.Element[i*2-1],']');Delay(2000); TextColor(7);

gotoxy(x+i*2*8-2,y+1); Write(' ',L.Element[i*2],' ');

gotoxy(x+(i*2-1)*8-2,y+1); Write(' ',L.Element[i*2-1],' ');

h:=L.Last+1;

While h<>i*2 do

Begin

gotoxy(x+(h-1)*8-1,y+1); Write(L.Element[h-1],'->');Delay(3000); gotoxy(x+h*8-1,y+1); Write(L.Element[h-1],' ');

gotoxy(x+(h-1)*8-1,y+1); Write(L.Element[h-1],' ');h:=h-1;

End;

gotoxy(x+h*8-1,y+1); Write(L2.Element[i],' ');

Insert_List(L2.Element[i],2*i,L)

End

Else

Begin

gotoxy(x+(L.Last+1)*8-1,y+1); Write(L2.Element[i],' ');Delay (1000); gotoxy(x+i*8-2,y); Write(' ');

Insert_List(L2.Element[i],L Last+1,L);

End;

i:=i+1;

End;

End;

{ -} Procedure TextList(L:List);

Var i:integer;

Begin

i:=1;

While (L.Element[i]<=L.Element[i+1])and(i<L.Last) do

i:=i+1;

If i=L.Last then

Write('Mang da duoc sap xep') Else

Writeln('Mang chua duoc sap xep');

End;

{ -} Procedure XPTT(L:List;Var L1:List);

Var i,j:integer;

Begin

L1:=L;

i:=1;

While i<=L1.Last-1 do

Begin

j:=i+1;

While j<=L1.Last do

If L1.Element[i]=L1.Element[j] then

Begin

Delete_List(j,L1);

j:=j;

End

Else

j:=j+1;

i:=i+1;

End;

End;

{ -} { -} Procedure SumList(L:List);

Var s,i:integer;

Begin

s:=0;

For i:=1 to L.Last do

S:=s+L.Element[i];

Writeln('Tong cua mang la:',s);

End;

{ -} Procedure VeND(x,y,n,mc:byte;ch,k:char);

Var i:byte;

Begin

Gotoxy(x,y);

textcolor(mc);

Case k of

'N':Begin

For i:=1 to n do

Write(ch:2);

End;

'D':Begin

For i:=1 to n do

Begin

Gotoxy(x,y+i);

Write(ch);

End;

End;

End;

Textcolor(7);

{ -}

Procedure MCTD(x,y,mc,mn:byte;nd:string);

Begin

Gotoxy(x,y);

TextBackground(mn);

textcolor(mc);

Write(nd);

textbackground(0);

Textcolor(7);

End;

{ -} Procedure CC(x,y,mc,mn,td:byte;nd:string);

Var i:byte;

Begin

For i:=1 to length(nd) do

Begin

MCTD(x+i,y,mc,mn,nd[i]);

delay(td);

End;

End;

{ -} Procedure CG(x,y,mc,mn,t:byte;nd:String);{Chay giua}

var st:string;

i,j,l,giua,x1,x2:byte;

begin

st:=nd;

l:=length(nd);

x1:=x;

y:=y;

x2:=x1+l-1;

giua:=(l+1)div 2;

for i:=giua downto 1 do

begin

for j:=1 to i do

begin

MCTD(x1+j-1,y,2,7,st[i]);

MCTD(x2-j+1,y,2,7,st[l-i+1]);

delay(t);

MCTD(x1+j-1,y,2,7,' ');

MCTD(x2-j+1,y,2,7,' ');

end;

MCTD(x1+j-1,y,2,0,st[i]);

MCTD(x2-j+1,y,2,0,st[l-i+1]);

end;

end;

{ -}

Procedure DoHoaGiao(x,y:Word;L1,L2:List;Var L:List);

Var i,j,k,h:Word;

Begin

gotoxy(x,y);Print_List(L1,8);

MakeNull_List(L);

h:=1;

For i:=1 to L1.Last do

Begin

gotoxy(x+i*8-2,y); Write('[',L1.Element[i],']');delay(1000);

j:=0;

Repeat

j:=j+1;

gotoxy(x+j*8-2,y+1); Write('[',L2.Element[j],']');delay(1000);

gotoxy(x+j*8-2,y+1); Write(' ',L2.Element[j],' ');

Until (j>=L2.Last)or(L1.Element[i]=L2.Element[j]);

k:=1;

While (k<=L.Last)and(L1.Element[i]<>L.Element[k])and(L1.Element[i]=L2.Element[j]) do Begin

gotoxy(x+k*8-2,y+3); Write('[',L.Element[k],']');delay(1000);

gotoxy(x+k*8-2,y+3); Write(' ',L.Element[k],' ');

k:=k+1;

End;

If (L1.Element[i]=L.Element[k]) then

Begin

Textcolor(4);

gotoxy(x+k*8-2,y+3); Write('[',L.Element[k],']');delay(1000);

Textcolor(7);

gotoxy(x+k*8-2,y+3); Write(' ',L.Element[k],' ');

End;

IF (K=L.Last+1)and(L1.Element[i]=L2.Element[j])then

Begin

Textcolor(Blue);

gotoxy(x+i*8-2,y); Write('[',L1.Element[i],']');

gotoxy(x+(j)*8-2,y+1); Write('[',L2.Element[j],']');Delay(2500);

Textcolor(7);

gotoxy(x+(j)*8-2,y+1); Write(' ',L2.Element[j],' ');

Insert_List(L1.Element[i],L.Last+1,L);

Gotoxy(x+h*8-2,y+3);Write(L.Element[L.Last]);

h:=h+1;

End

Else

Begin

TextColor(4);

gotoxy(x+i*8-2,y); Write('[',L1.Element[i],']');delay(2000);

TextColor(7);

End;

End;

End;

{ -}

Procedure DohoaHop(x,y:Word;L1,L2:List;Var L,L3:List);

Var i,j,k:Word;

Begin

MakeNull_List(L);

MakeNull_List(L3);

gotoxy(x,y);Print_List(L1,8);

Gotoxy(x,y+1);Print_List(L2,8);

k:=1;

For i:=1 to L1.Last do

Begin

gotoxy(x+i*8-2,y); Write('[',L1.Element[i],']');delay(1000);

j:=0;

Repeat

j:=j+1;

gotoxy(x+j*8-2,y+1); Write('[',L2.Element[j],']');delay(1000);

gotoxy(x+j*8-2,y+1); Write(' ',L2.Element[j],' ');

until ((L1.Element[i]=L2.Element[j]))or(j=L2.Last) ;

If L1.Element[i]=L2.Element[j] then

Begin

Textcolor(4);

gotoxy(x+(j)*8-2,y+1); Write('[',L2.Element[j],']');

gotoxy(x+i*8-2,y); Write('[',L1.Element[i],']');Delay(3500);

Textcolor(7);

gotoxy(x+(j)*8-2,y+1); Write(' ',L2.Element[j],' ');

End;

If (j=L2.Last)and(L1.Element[i]<>L2.Element[L2.Last]) then

Begin

Textcolor(Blue);

gotoxy(x+i*8-2,y); Write('[',L1.Element[i],']');Delay(2500);

Textcolor(7);

Insert_List(L1.Element[i],L.Last+1,L);

Insert_List(L1.Element[i],L3.Last+1,L3);

Textcolor(3);

Gotoxy(x+(L.Last+L2.Last)*8-2,y+1); Write(L.Element[L.Last]);

Textcolor(7);

End;

End;

End;

{ -} Procedure DoHoaXPTT(x,y:Word;Var L:List);

Var i,j,k,h:integer;

Begin

Gotoxy(x,y); Print_List(L,8);

Begin

i:=1;

While i<L.Last do

Begin

j:=i+1;

gotoxy(x+i*8-2,y); Write('[',L.Element[i],']');delay(1500);

While j<=L.Last do

Begin

gotoxy(x+j*8-2,y); Write('[',L.Element[j],']');delay(1500);

if (L.Element[i]=L.Element[j]) then

Begin

Textcolor(4);

gotoxy(x+i*8-2,y); Write('[',L.Element[i],']');

gotoxy(x+j*8-2,y); Write('[',L.Element[j],']'); Delay(3000);

Textcolor(7);

gotoxy(x+i*8-2,y); Write('[',L.Element[i],']');

for h:=j+1 to L.Last do

Begin

gotoxy(x+(h-1)*8-2,y); Write(' ',L.Element[h],' ');

End;

gotoxy(x+L.Last*8-2,y); Write(' ');

Delete_List(j,L);

j:=j-1;

End;

if (L.Element[i]<>L.Element[j]) then

Begin

gotoxy(x+j*8-2,y); Write(' ',L.Element[j],' ');

j:=j+1;

End;

End;

i:=i+1;

End;

End;

gotoxy(x+L.Last*8-2,y); Write('[',L.Element[L.Last],']');

End;

{ -} Procedure GCTT(x,y:word;L1,L2:List;Var L:List);

Var i,j,h,k:integer;L3,L4:List;

Begin

Makenull_List(L);

If L1.Last<L2.Last then

Begin

L3:=L1;

L4:=L2;

End

Else

Begin

L3:=L2;

L4:=L1;

End;

gotoxy(x,y);Print_List(L4,8);

Gotoxy(x,y+1);Print_List(L3,8);

j:=1;

For i:=1 to L4.Last do

Begin

gotoxy(x+i*8-2,y); Write('[',L4.Element[i],'] ');delay(2000);

Insert_List(L4.element[i],L.Last+1,L);

gotoxy(x+(L.Last)*8-2,y+3); Write(L.Element[L.Last]);Delay(2000);

While (L3.Element[j]<=L4.Element[i])and(j<=L3.Last) do

Begin

TextColor(blue);

gotoxy(x+j*8-2,y+1); Write('[',L3.Element[j],'] ');

gotoxy(x+L.Last*8-2,y+3); Write('[',L.Element[L.Last],']');delay(2000);

TextColor(7);

gotoxy(x+j*8-2,y+1); Write(' ',L3.Element[j],' ');

gotoxy(x+L.Last*8-2,y+3); Write(' ',L.Element[L.Last],'->');delay(2000);

gotoxy(x+L.Last*8-2,y+3); Write(' ',L.Element[L.Last],' ');

gotoxy(x+(L.Last+1)*8-2,y+3); Write(L.Element[L.Last]);delay(1000);

gotoxy(x+L.Last*8-2,y+3); Write(' ',L3.Element[j]);delay(1000);

Insert_List(L3.Element[j],L.Last,L);

j:=j+1;

End;

If (L3.Element[j]>L4.Element[i])and(J<=L3.Last) then

Begin

TextColor(4);

gotoxy(x+L.Last*8-2,y+3); Write('[',L.Element[L.Last],'] ');

gotoxy(x+J*8-2,y+1); Write('[',L3.Element[j],'] ');Delay(2500);

TextColor(7);

gotoxy(x+L.Last*8-2,y+3); Write(' ',L.Element[L.Last],' ');

gotoxy(x+j*8-2,y+1); Write(' ',L3.Element[j],' ');

End;

If (L3.Element[j]>L4.Element[i])and(i=L4.Last) then

Begin

For k:=j to L3.Last do

Begin

TextColor(blue);

gotoxy(x+k*8-2,y+1); Write('[',L3.Element[k],'] ');delay(1000);

TextColor(7);

gotoxy(x+k*8-2,y+1); Write(' ',L3.Element[k],' ');

gotoxy(x+(L.Last+1)*8-2,y+3); Write(L3.Element[k]);

Insert_List(L3.Element[k],L.Last+1,L);

End;

End;

End;

End;

{ -} Procedure MeNu1;

Var e:char;L,L1,L2,L3,L4:List;n,n1,n2:integer;

Begin

Clrscr;

VeND(11,6,30,2,'*','N');

VeND(11,18,30,2,'*','N');

VeND(12,6,11,2,'*','D');

VeND(70,6,12,2,'*','D');

CC(37,8,4,0,100,'Menu 1');

CC(13,10,7,8,20,'Chon phim 1 de thuc hien cac yeu cau tren 1 danh sach.');

CC(13,12,7,8,20,'Chon phim 2 de thuc hien cac yeu cau tren 2 danh sach.');

CC(13,14,7,8,20,'Chon phim 3 de thoat chuong trinh.');

CC(23,16,7,8,10,'Moi ban lua chon o day:');Readln(e);

case e of

'1':Begin

Repeat

Begin

Clrscr;

CC(30,3,4,0,250,'Menu 11');