Unit 11 sources of energy language focus 1

RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY PARTICIPLES 1.. Relative Clause active Present participle Relative Clause passive Past participle... Relative clauses passive V3/ V-ed... The last person wh

Unit 11: SOURCES OF ENERGY

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1 Listen and repeat

2 Practice the sentences

1 They were all shrieking with laughter.

2 He shrugged (his shoulders), saying

he didn’t know and didn’t care.

3 My Dad hates shrimp paste.

4 What a splendid spring day!

5 The stream splits into three smaller

streams at this point.

6 The house has a narrow front, but it

splays out at the back.

GRAMMAR

A RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY PARTICIPLES

1 Examples:

a Students who arrive late will not be

permitted to enter the classroom.

 Students arriving late will not be permitted to

enter the classroom.

b Be sure to follow the instructions that are given

at the top of the page.

 Be sure to follow the instructions given at the top of the page

Relative Clause( active)

Present participle

Relative Clause( passive)

Past participle

b Relative clauses (passive

(V3/ V-ed)

3 Exercise 1+2/ pages 131, 132: Multiple choice

1 The boy …… the piano is Ben.

a playing b played c who playing d is

playing

2 The ideas ……… in that book are interesting.

a presented b presenting

c which presented d are presented

3 Do you know the woman ……… toward us?

a comes b who come c coming d who

coming

4 The people ………for the bus in the rain are getting wet.

a waited b waiting c who waiting d are

c a

7 They work in a hospital …… by the government

a sponsored b was sponsored

c sponsoring d which sponsored

8 They live in a house ……… in 1890

a was built b that built c build d built

9 The fence ………our house is made of wood

a surrounds b surrounding c which surround d surrounded

10 We have an apartment ……… the park

a which overlook b overlook

c overlooking d overlooked

11 The photographs ……… in the newspaper were

extraordinary

a published b which published c publish d publishing

12 The experiment ……… at the University of Chicago was

successful

a was conducted b conducted

d b

c

a

b a

B RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY TO INFINITIVES

1 Examples:

a Tom is the last person who enters the room.

 Tom is the last person to enter the room.

2 Notes

We can replace Relative

clauses by to infinitives after

the first, the second, the

third, the next, the last, the only and adjectives in

superlatives.

Exercise 3:page 132 Rewrite the sentences, using an infinitive phrase

1 John was the last man who

reached the top of the mountain.

2 The last person who leaves the room must turn off the light.

3 The first person that we must

see is Mr Smith.

4 This is the second person who

was killed in that way.

5 The first person who catches the ball will be the winner.

1 John was the last man who reached

the top of the mountain.

 John was the last man to reach the top of

the mountain.

2 The last person who leaves the room

must turn off the light.

 The last person to leave the room must

turn off the light.

3 The first person that we must see is

Mr Smith.

 The first person for us to see is Mr Smith.

4 This is the second person who

was killed in that way.

 This is the second person to be

killed in that way.

5 The first person who catches the

ball will be the winner.

The first person to catch the ball

will be the winner.

LUCKY NUMBER

1 2 3

Our solar system is in a galaxy

which is called the Milky Way.

 Our solar system is in a galaxy

called the Milky Way.

1

We are using books which were printed last year

 We are using books printed

last year.

2

The man who spoke to me was very helpful

 The man speaking to me was very helpful

4

Hoa was the second student who won the first prize in the English speaking contest

 Hoa was the second student to win the first prize in the

English speaking contest.

5

This is the third person who is offered the job

 This is the third person to be offered the job

6

Rewrite the following sentences

using Relative clauses.

1 The first man to set foot on the Moon

was Neil Armstrong.

2 The fifth man to be interviewed was

completely unsuitable.

3 I like the present given by Peter.

4 The children to attend that school

receive a good education

5 Sunlight coming through the window

wakes me up early in the morning

Thanks for your

attention