WRITING TASK 01 – USEFUL EXPRESSIONS chênh lệch / mức độ đa dạng - with the gaps varying wildly = at varying degrees - There was a disparity in terms of AA - saw / experienced drops of
Trang 1VOCABULARY FOR ALL WRITING TASK 2
Sự khác biệt
- a disparity in sth
- a (large / small) gap between X and
Y
- (social / gender) inequality
- slight / significant / major difference between X and Y
Lợi
- X is of great benefit to Y
- X benefits Y
- X is beneficial to Y
- X exerts positive / profound / significant impacts/effects on Y
Hại
- X is harmful to / damaging to Y
- X does harm to / cause damage to Y
- X is adversely affected/impacted by
Y
- SYN: deleterious, perilous
- X causes/exerts negative/adverse/deleterious impacts/effects on Y
- (n.) pose a threat to / face /
combat / ignore / constitute a threat of (terrorism)
- (n.) pose/avoid a danger to sth /
the danger of sth / in danger of doing sth
- (n.) a menace to sth
Thích nhiều
hơn
- have a (strong) preference for
- be more in favor of
- choose X in preference to Y
- X is preferable to Y/ favourable to Y
- X is prioritized
- X is given a priority
- prefer X to Y
Nuôi dưỡng/
Phát triển
- develop
- foster
- nurture
- cultivate
- instill sth in sb
- impart (traditional wisdom)
- instill (virtues)
- pass on (wisdom)
Đạt được - (v.) reach / attain / achieve / obtain
- (n.) fulfill / accomplish/realize
- (v.) succeed in doing sth
- (n.) goal attainment / realization
- goals / targets / objectives / missions / dreams / aims
- (n.) mission completion / wish fulfillment
Bằng/
tương
đương
- X is on par with Y
- X is equivalent to Y
- X is similar to Y
- X is equal in size/value/quality
to Y
- X is identical to Y
Cao cấp/
Nổi tiếng
- (adj.) high-profile / high-ranking
- (collo) gain in popularity
- (collo) rise / shoot to game
- (adj.) well-known/famous/ renowned + for sth
Trang 2Tư tưởng/
Góc nhìn
- opinion on/regarding X is (less/more) divided
- from different angles
- through different perspectives
Cho rằng
- consider /regard sb/sth as sb/sth else
- consider sb/sth + adjective
- X is considered to be Y
- deem sb/sth sb/sth else
Quan trọng
- X plays a leading/pivotal/crucial/
decivise role in Y
- X is instrumental in doing sth
- (n.) X is the key to Y
- X is of great/vital/paramount importance
- (n.) (success) element / determinant
- (n.) the essence/core of sth Dẫn đến/
Gây ra
- result in / lead to
- X causes Y to happen
- X is the main cause of Y
- X is caused by Y
- X contributes to Y/V_ing
Ép/ Thúc
đẩy
- force / compel / urge sb to do sth - incentivize / stimulate / catalyze /
trigger sth
Chịu trách
nhiệm
- take charge of
- be responsible for
- hold accountable for
- have/take responsibility for
- take the initiative to do sth
- be in sb’s hands
Có xu hướng
- a shift towards / to X
- a shift in X towards Y
- have a tendency to do sth
- be likely to do sth
- be inclined to do sth
- the inclination to do sth Cho phép/
Cung cấp
- provide sb with sth
- equip sb with sth
- enable/allow sb to do sth
- empower sb
- entitle sb to do sth
- offer sb sth / offer sth to sb
Khả năng/
Nguy cơ
- lower / increase the incidence of X
- raise / reject / explore / rule out the possibility of sth
- (v.) risk doing sth
- (n.) the risk to sth / (increase /
reduce) the risk of doing sth
Ngăn cản/
Làm nản chí
- prevent / deter / hinder sb from doing sth
- (n.) barrier to sth
- (n.) disruption to sth
- discourage sb from doing sth
- (n.) face / overcome obstacles to
sth
- (n.) crosse/clear a hurdle Hình phạt - impose / inflict a
punishment/penalty for sth
- carry a penalty
- severe/heavy/stiff/tough penalties
Trang 3Có liên quan
- a (inextricable) link/connection between X and Y
- a correlation between X and Y
- X is closely related to/associated with Y
- X is linked to Y
Mục đích /
mục tiêu
- with a goal/an objective to do sth
- with a view to doing sth
- for the purpose of doing sth
- with the aim of doing sth
Giải quyết - solve / resolve / tackle / address /
deal with problems from the root
- handle sth / issues well / poorly
Nhiều/
Đa dạng
- a variety / diversity / wealth of sth
- a vast array of sth
- a multitude of sth
- a wide range of sth
Can thiệp /
xen vào
- intervene in → government intervention (sự can thiệp của chính phủ)
- interfere with
- meddle with
Tiếp xúc với - (v.) get exposed to
- (v.) access sth
- (n.) a great exposure to
- (n.) access to sth
Cảm giác
a sense of (đi chung với động từ ‘enhance’)
- belonging / community / fulfillment
- responsibility / satisfaction / purpose
Phân biệt - differentiate/distinguish between X
and Y
- differentiate/distinguish Y from
Y
Nỗ lực / cố
gắng
- strive/attempt to do sth
- make a / no / little effort to do sth
- put effort into sth
- with an effort / in an effort to do sth
- struggle to do sth
- (n.) a push for sth / a push to do
sth
- aim for / at sth
Khao khát - a desire to do sth / desire for
- the urge to do sth
- a/the yearning for sth
- (n.) longing for sth
- the thirst for sth
- in a quest for sth
Khả thi
Hiệu quả
- viable / feasible / workable + plan /
approach / method / way / solution
- effective / effectiveness
- cost-efficient / time-effecient Can thiệp /
xen vào
- intervene in
- meddle with
- disturb / disrupt
- interruption to sth
- (tourist) disturbance /
disturbances to sth/sb Cảnh báo /
thông báo
- warn sb against sth
- inform sb about sth
- (n.) warning against / of sb / to sb
- update sb on sth
Trang 4Truyền đạt - deliver (a lesson), convey (a
message)
- raise awareness about, voice
(concerns / doubts about sth) Làm tồi tệ
hơn
- aggravate
- compound
- exarcerbate
- worsen
- X deteriorates into Y
- X spiral into
- X spirals up / upwards / down / downwards to sth
Cải thiện - improve / enhance - revitalize
Từ đắt - busy / packed schedules = full timetable = hectic life
- erode the core values of society / (improve) mental/physical wellbeing of sb
- the gateway to sth (mở đường) / reflect sth (phản ánh)
- respect and preserve heritage for prosperity (bảo tồn cho thế hệ sau)
- mingle with (hoà nhập) / immerse yourself in sth / visualize (mường tượng)
- be on par with sth (cùng level với) / to blend in with (hoà mình với)
- cater for sth (phục vụ cho) = serve sth
- customize = tailor (chỉnh sửa cho phù hợp)
- the mushrooming of sth (sự phát triển tràn lan)
- (over)exploitation (khai thác)
- have (an) advantage(s) over sb/sth (có ưu thế hơn)
- an outlet for our creativity/communication (thể hiện ra)
- has (great) potential for XXX (triển vọng) / have a talent for sth
- an increasingly secular society (xã hội phân rã)
- the wealthy / the affluent / the underprivileged / the disadvantaged / people from all walks of life
- social status symbol of sb
- an incentive to do sth / financial/tax incentive
Trang 5WRITING TASK 01 – USEFUL EXPRESSIONS
chênh lệch / mức
độ đa dạng
- with the gaps varying wildly = at varying degrees
- There was a disparity in terms of AA
- saw / experienced drops of varying degrees [giảm với nhiều mức độ khác nhau]
- with figures varying widely from [data] to [data]
- increase / decrease by varying degrees thêm data vào bài
với “with”
- with respective figures being around + [data] => thêm số liệu
- with the figure reaching / increasing to / declining to + [data] => thêm số liệu cho bài có trend
diễn tả trend /
pattern khác biệt
- The pattern for AA was slightly different with + [noun phrase]
- AA bucked the trend [khác biệt với xu hướng phổ biến]
- There is a stark difference with regard to AA diễn đạt sb hứng
thú / thích sth
- express their interest in AA
- people / those keen on AA
- interest waned slightly / remarkably among AA diễn đạt soán ngôi
– AA là nhất sau
đó bị thay bằng
BB
- AA made up the largest proportion in _ / was the most popular…,
but that shifted towards BB…
- AA overtook BB to be the top preference of sb
popularity
- the most popular >< AA experienced far less popularity
- gradually weaker preference for (trở nên ít phổ biến hơn)
- AA [was the only one which] failed to decline in popularity at any point (diễn đạt tăng dần đều, không giảm)
diễn đạt xu hướng
cho bài có age
groups
- [người ta càng già càng ít làm gì] age was an indicator of lower participation in AA = As people age, they are / were less likely to
…
- AA was remarkably less / more common among the older age groups = AA gained slightly greater / less popularity among the elderly / the older age groups = interest waned slightly / remarkable
among AA group
diễn đạt cho bài
có sự tham gia
- the level of participation
- [cinema/club] attendance = attendance rates
Trang 6- attended something = participate in something = engage in something
diễn đạt xu hướng
nhiều biến động
- follow no predictable pattern
- a volatile pattern
- changes to AA was [less / more] predictable khoảng cách khác
biệt giữa nam và
nữ [gender gap /
gender
differences]
- the gender gap diminished / grew / was narrowed / was widened
- the gender gap was negligible / noticeable
- the disparity in terms of the figures for AA and BB was huge / noticeable / significant
- dùng female / male counterparts diễn đạt [data]
gần bằng nhau
- AA and BB were comparable
- AA and BB were on par, … diễn đạt cho bài
về “feedback”
- give positive feedback to [sth]
- be (very/quite / completely) satisfied with
- be/feel unsatisfied with = feel/be dissatisfied with
- be very pleased
- rate sth as satisfactory
- be happy about sth
- consider themselves to be happy / very happy
- consider sth helpful / less helpful
- the level(s) of satisfaction among [đối tương] towards AA in terms
of [mặt nào đó]
- be far less helpful
- Opinion regarding XXX was far less / largely divided