TEST BANK microbiology a systems approach cowan 3e chapter011

Which of the following microbial forms have the highest resistance to physical and chemical controls?... The method of removing vegetative microbial life forms from inanimate objects is

Chapter 011 Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Multiple Choice Questions

1 Which of the following microbial forms have the highest resistance to physical and chemical controls?

3 The process of using a cleansing technique to mechanically remove and reduce microorganisms and debris to safe levels is

6 Scrubbing or immersing the skin in chemicals to reduce the numbers of microbes on the skin is

9 The method of removing vegetative microbial life forms from inanimate objects is termed

12 The betadine swab before blood donation in an example of

15 Which is correct regarding the rate of microbial death?

A Cells die at increasingly greater

18 Each of the following is the target of antimicrobial agents except

21 Agents that can denature microbial proteins include all of the following except

27 The shortest time required to kill all the microbes in a sample at a specified

temperature is called the

A Thermal death point

28 The lowest temperature needed to kill all microbes in 10 minutes is the

A Thermal death point

33 A method for sterilizing milk, called _ treatment, uses 134° C for 1 to 2 seconds

36 Which of the following is not a primary target of milk pasteurization?

39 _ radiation excites atoms to a higher energy state within molecules such as DNA that then leads to the formation of pyrimidine dimers

40 Electro

ns ar

e ejecte

d fro

m atoms

in cel

ls whenorganismsar

e expose

E

41 Whic

h

of th

e followingitemsar

e typicall

y irradiated

in orde

r

to killmicrobes

?

A

B

C

D

E

42 Whic

h contr

ol metho

d woul

d no

t be

a suitabl

e choic

e forkillin

g Mycobacteriu

m

in

a cappedcultur

e tube

?

A

B

C

D

E

43 Place th

e followingforms

of radiation

in orde

r fro

m th

e mos

t penetratin

g

to th

e leas

t penetratin

g

A

B

C

D

E

44 HEPAfilter

s ar

e used

to remov

e microb

es fro

45 Filtratio

n sterilizati

46 _

is

a contr

ol metho

d th

at remov

es microorganismsrathe

r thaninhibitin

g

or killin

g the

m

A

B

C

D

E

47 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t afact

or th

at affec

ts germicida

l activity

?

A

B

C

D

E

48 Allof th

e followingperta

in

to hypochlorite

s exce

pt

A

B

C

D

E

49 Iodophor

s inclu

50 _

is

a haloge

n used

in gaseou

s an

d liqui

d for

m forlargescal

e disinfectio

n

of drinkingwateran

d sewage

A

B

C

D

E

51 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t tru

e

of chloramines?

A

B

C

D

E

52 Allof th

e followingar

e phenols

or phenoli

cs exce

53 The compoun

d th

at

is anorganicba

se containingchlorinean

d tw

o phenoli

c rin

gs an

d

is usedincreasing

ly forwoun

d degerm

g, neonat

al washes,handscrubbingan

d preppingsurgicalski

n sit

E

54 Whic

h

of th

e followinggermicide

s ar

e als

o sporicidal?

55 Alcoho

ls

A

B

C

D

E

56 The chemicalagen

t th

at produc

es high

ly reactiv

e hydroxyl-fre

e radicalsan

d als

o decompose

B

C

D

E

57 Hydrogenperoxide

58 Allth

e followingac

t

as surfactan

ts exce

59 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t aheav

y metal?

60 _ solutionwa

s introduce

d

in th

e lat

e nineteen

th centur

y forpreventin

g gonococc

al infectio

ns

in

a newborn'sey

es aft

er

re

to th

e mother'sinfecte

d bir

th cana

61 Heav

y metalswo

E

62 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t used

as anantiseptic

63 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t tru

e

of glutaraldehyde

?

A

B

C

D

E

64 Endospor

es ca

n bekilled

E

65 Whic

h

is mismatched

?

A

B

C

D

E

66 Allof th

e followingar

e alkylatin

g contr

ol agen

ts exce

67 The sterilizingga

s used

in chemiclave

68 Ethyleneoxide

E

69 Whic

h

of th

e followingaci

ds

is no

t used

to destroy

or inhibitmicrobial cel

ls

in food

?

A

B

C

D

E

70 Usin

g

a HEPAfilt

er

in

a vacuu

m

or furna

ce

is anexampl

e

of whichmicrobial contr

ol method?

A

B

C

D

71 In la

b inoculatingloop

s ar

e sterilizedusing:

A

B

C

D

72 Antimicrobial agen

ts ca

n targe

t th

e cel

l wa

ll by:

A

B

C

D

73 Whic

h

of th

e followingrepresen

ts th

e us

e

of osmoti

c pressu

re

as

a microbial contr

ol method?

A

74 Microbicida

l agen

ts ar

e sterilant

s

Tr

ue False75 Bacteriostat

ic agen

ts killbacteri

al cel

ls

Tr

ue False

76 Prion

s requiremor

e extensivemetho

ds

of sterilizationthanar

e neededforbacteri

al endospor

es

Tr

ue False

77 The presen

ce

of organicmatt

er such

as salivaan

d pu

s ca

n interfer

e wit

h th

e actio

ns

of disinfectant

s

Tr

ue False

78 Whe

n

a contr

ol agen

t targe

ts th

e metaboli

c processe

s

of microbial cel

ls, activ

e younge

r cel

ls typicall

y di

e mor

e ra

y thanolde

r cel

ls

Tr

ue False

79 A microorganis

m th

at

is no

t moti

le an

d ha

s stoppe

d metabolizin

g coul

d beconsidere

d dead

Tr

ue False

80 Most microbial contaminant

s

of foodar

e killed

at freezingtemperatur

es

Tr

ue False

81 Pasteurizationwil

l mak

e mi

lk steri

le

Tr

ue False

82 Pasteurizationdo

es no

t killendospor

es

or thermoduri

c microb

es

Tr

ue False

83 Ionizin

g radiation

is mor

e effectiv

e thannon-ionizin

g radiation

in killin

g microb

es

Tr

ue False

84 Chlorin

e compoun

ds remai

n stab

le an

d effectiv

e

in th

e presen

ce

of exce

ss organicmatt

er

Tr

ue False

85 Alcoho

ls ar

e mor

e effectiv

e

at inactivatingenvelopedvirus

es thannake

d virus

es

Tr

ue False

86 Isoprop

yl alcoh

ol wipe

d acro

ss

a ski

n sit

e ca

n steriliz

e

it

Tr

ue False

87 Hydrogenperoxideca

n beused

to steriliz

e instrumen

ts such

as endoscop

es

Tr

ue False

88 Ozon

e

is

a ve

ry effectiv

e disinfecta

nt

Tr

ue False

89 Soap

s an

d detergent

s ar

e ve

ry effectiv

e

as sterilant

s

Tr

ue False

90 Pseudomon

as ar

e resista

nt

to soap

s

Tr

ue False91 Chlorin

e an

d ethyleneoxidear

e sterilizinggase

s

Tr

ue False

92 Analinedy

es lik

e crystalviolethaveantimicrobial activityparticularl

y agains

t gra

m positivebacteri

a an

d som

e fung

i

ue False

Chapter 011 Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes Key

Multiple Choice Questions

1 Whic

h

of th

e followingmicrobial formshaveth

e highes

t resistanc

e

to physicalan

d chemicalcontrols

?

A

2 Th

e proces

s th

at destroy

s

or remov

es all microorganismsan

d microbial formsincludingbacteri

al endospor

es oninanimat

e objec

dec ont ami nati on Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: disi nfec tion

3 Th

e proces

s

of using

a cleansin

g techniqu

e

to mechanicall

y remov

e an

d redu

ce microorganismsan

d debri

s

to saf

e lev

on Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: disi nfec tion

4 Th

e us

e

of

a physical

or chemicalproces

s

to destroyvegetativepathogen

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 01 Dist ing uish am ong the ter ms ster iliza tion Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: anti sep sis and dec ont ami nati on Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: disi nfec tion

5 Th

e us

e

of chemicalagen

ts directlyonexpose

d bodysurface

s

to destroy

or inhibitvegetativepathogen

s

is

A

6 Scrubbin

g

or immersin

g th

e ski

n

in chemical

s

to redu

ce th

e numbe

rs

of microb

es onth

e ski

n

is

A

B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 01 Dist ing uish am ong the ter ms ster iliza tion Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: anti sep sis and dec ont ami nati on Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: disi nfec tion

7 Whic

h

of th

e followingtype

s

of contr

ol agen

ts woul

d beused

to achiev

e sterility?

A.B

C

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 01 Dist ing uish am ong the ter ms ster iliza tion Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: anti sep sis and dec ont ami nati on Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: disi nfec tion

8 Th

e easie

st microbial forms

to kill

or inhibitar

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 02 Ide ntif y the mic roor gan ism s that are mos t resi sta nt and leas t resi sta nt to con trol me asu res.

9 Th

e metho

d

of removingvegetativemicrobial lif

e formsfro

m inanimat

e objec

ts

is term

ed

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 01 Dist ing uish am ong the ter ms ster iliza tion Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: anti sep sis and dec ont ami nati on Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: disi nfec tion

10 The metho

d

of removingvegetativelif

e formsfro

m livingsurface

s

is term

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 01 Dist ing uish am ong the ter ms ster iliza tion Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: anti sep sis and dec ont ami nati on Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: disi nfec tion

11 The remov

al

of all lif

e formsfro

m inanimat

e objec

ts

is term

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 01 Dist ing uish am ong the ter ms ster iliza tion Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: anti sep sis and dec ont ami nati on Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: disi nfec tion

12 The betadineswabbefor

e bloo

d donatio

n

in anexampl

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 01 Dist ing uish am ong the ter ms ster iliza tion Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: anti sep sis and dec ont ami nati on Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: disi nfec tion

13 The alcoh

ol wipebefor

e aninjectio

n

is anexampl

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 01 Dist ing uish am ong the ter ms ster iliza tion Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: anti sep sis and dec ont ami nati on Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: disi nfec tion

14 A cleansin

g metho

d th

at mechanicall

y remov

es microb

es an

d othe

r debri

s

to redu

ce contaminatio

n

is

A

15 Whic

h

is corre

ct regardingth

e rat

e

of microbial death?

A

B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 03 Def ne

stat ic" and

cida l".

"-16 Whic

h

of th

e followingfactor

s wil

l influen

ce th

e actio

n

of microbial agents?

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin

g Obj ecti ve: 11 05 Na me 6 met hod

s of phy sica l con trol of mic roor gan ism s.

17 Microbial deat

h occu

rs whenther

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 03 Def ne

stat ic" and

cida l".

"-18 Each

of th

e following

is th

e targe

t

of antimicrobial agen

ts exce

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 04 Na me 4 cat ego ries of cell ular targ ets for phy sica l and che mic al age nts.

19 Surfactan

ts wo

rk

by

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin

g Obj ecti ve: 11 04 Na me 4 cat ego ries of cell ular targ ets for phy sica l and che mic al age nts.

20 Som

e microbial contr

ol agen

ts ar

e ab

le

to _ cel

l protei

ns bybreakin

g bond

s th

at maintai

n th

e nativ

e stat

e, three

-l configuratio

n

of th

e protei

ns

A

B.C

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve:

11 04

Na me 4 cat ego ries of cell ular targ ets for phy sica l and che mic al age nts.

21 Agen

ts th

at ca

n denatur

e microbial protei

ns includeall

of th

e followingexce

pt

A

B

C.D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 08 Expl ain four dif ere nt met hod

s of moi st hea t con trol Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 11 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n the two typ es of radi atio n con trol met hod s Lea rnin g obje ctiv e: 11 17 Expl ain the mo de of acti on of alco hols

22 Whic

h

of th

e followingdo

es no

t affec

t microbial nucle

ic acids

?

A

B

C.D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 05 Na me six met hod

s of phy sica l con trol of mic roor gan ism s.

23 Physicalagen

ts forcontrollingmicrobial grow

th includeall th

e followingexce

pt

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 05 Na me six met hod

s of phy sica l con trol of mic roor gan ism s.

24 Sterilization

is achieved

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 01 Dist ing uish am ong the ter ms ster iliza tion Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: anti sep sis and dec ont ami nati on Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: disi nfec tion

25 Dry he

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 06 Disc uss bot h moi st and dry hea t met hod s and ide ntif y mul tipl e exa mpl es of bot h.

26 The minimu

m sterilizingcondition

s

in

a stea

m autoclavear

e

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 06 Disc uss bot h moi st and dry hea t met hod s and ide ntif y mul tipl e exa mpl es of bot h.

27 The shortes

t tim

e require

d

to killall th

e microb

es

in

a sampl

e

at

a specifie

d temperatur

e

is calle

d th

e

A

B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 07 Def ne ther mal dea th tim e and ther mal dea th poi nt.

28 The lowe

st temperatur

e needed

to killall microb

es

in 10minute

s

is th

e

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 07 Def ne ther mal dea th tim e and ther mal dea th poi nt.

29 Disinfection

of beverage

s such

as appl

e juice,mi

lk an

d wine

is optimall

y achieved

by

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 06 Disc uss bot h moi st hea t and dry hea t met hod s and ide ntif y mul tipl e exa mpl es of bot h.

30 Placin

g organisms

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 03 Def ne

stat ic" and

cida l".

"-31 Pasteurizati

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 06 Disc uss bot h moi st and dry hea t met hod s and ide ntif y mul tipl e exa mpl es of bot h.

32 _ he

at

is mor

e rapidl

y effectiv

e an

d efficie

nt compare

d

to _ he

at

A

B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 06 Disc uss bot h moi st and dry hea t met hod s and ide ntif y mul tipl e exa mpl es of bot h.

33 A metho

d forsterilizingmi

lk, calle

d _ treatmen

t, us

es 134°

C for

1

to

2 second

s

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 06 Disc uss bot h moi st and dry hea t met hod s and ide ntif y mul tipl

e exa mpl es of bot h Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 08 Expl ain four dif ere nt met hod

s of moi st hea t con trol.

34 Wha

t instrumen

t

is mos

t effectiv

e forpressure-temperatur

e sterilization

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 08 Expl ain four dif ere nt met hod

s of moi st hea t con trol.

35 Intermitte

nt sterilization, whichus

es threeda

ys

of lowe

r temperatur

e stea

m forshortperio

ds

of tim

e

is als

o calle

d

A

s of moi st hea t con trol.

36 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t aprimar

y targe

t

of mi

lk pasteurization

?

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 08 Expl ain four dif ere nt met hod

s of moi st hea t con trol.

37 Vials

of microorganismsth

at underg

o th

e freeze-dryingproces

s calle

d _ wil

l remai

n preserve

d an

d viabl

e forye

38 Remov

al

of moistur

e bydehydration

is calle

Obj ecti ve: 11 10 Ide ntif y adv ant age s and disa dva nta ges of cold and des sica tion

39 _ radiationexcit

es atoms

to

a high

er energystat

e withi

n molecul

es such

as DNAth

at thenlead

s

to th

e formation

of

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 11 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n the two typ es of radi atio n con trol met hod s.

40 Electro

ns ar

e ejecte

d fro

m atoms

in cel

ls whenorganismsar

e expose

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 11 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n the two typ es of radi atio n con trol met hod s.

41 Whic

h

of th

e followingitemsar

e typicall

y irradiated

in orde

r

to killmicrobes

?

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 11 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n the two typ es of radi atio n con trol met hod s.

42 Whic

h contr

ol metho

d woul

d no

t be

a suitabl

e choic

e forkillin

g Mycobacteriu

m

in

a cappedcultur

e tube

?

A

11 11 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n the two typ es of radi atio n con trol met hod s.

43 Place th

e followingforms

of radiation

in orde

r fro

m th

e mos

t penetratin

g

to th

e leas

t penetratin

g

A

Obj ecti ve: 11 11 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n the two typ es of radi atio n con trol met hod s.

44 HEPAfilter

s ar

e used

to remov

e microb

es fro

m

A

B.C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 12 Expl ain how fltr atio n fun ctio ns

as a con trol met hod

45 Filtratio

n sterilizati

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 12 Expl ain how fltr atio n fun ctio ns

as a con trol met hod

46 _

is

a contr

ol metho

d th

at remov

es microorganismsrathe

r thaninhibitin

g

or killin

g the

m

A.B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 11 12 Expl ain how fltr atio n fun ctio ns

as a con trol met hod

47 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t afact

or th

at affec

ts germicida

l activity

?

A

B