TEST BANK microbiology a systems approach cowan 3e chapter008

All of the chemical reactions of the cell are called Learning Objective: 08.01 Describe the relationship among metabolism Learning Objective: catabolism and anabolism.. The breakdown of

Chapter 008 Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

Multiple Choice Questions

1 All of the chemical reactions of the cell are called

4 Formation of peptide bonds between amino acids to build a polypeptide would be called

6 Each of the following are true of enzymes except

A They can be used over and

7 The cell's metabolic reactions involve the participation of _ that lower the activation energy needed for the initiation of a reaction

10 Important components of coenzymes are

15 Enzymes that catalyze removing electrons from one substrate and adding electrons

to another are called

16 Enzymes that catalyze moving a phosphate from one substrate to another are called

19 All of the following are exoenzymes except

21 _ reactions are anabolic reactions involving ligases for synthesis and the release

of one water molecule for each bond formed

22 Enzymes that are secreted by a cell to hydrolyze reactions are

25 When enzyme action stops due to a buildup of end product this control is called

27 Feedback inhibition is best described as

A Substrate binding to DNA, blocking enzyme

28 Metabolic pathways that regenerate their starting point are called _ pathways

35 FAD, NADP, NAD and coenzyme A are all _ carriers

38 All of the following pertain to glycolysis except

41 Which of the following is not involved in the step that occurs between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle?

42 Substrate level phosphorylation occurs in

A Glycolysis and electron transport

44 In bacterial cells, the electron transport system is located in the

47 The redox carriers of the electron transport chain that have a tightly bound metal atom responsible for accepting and donating electrons are

50 During which of the phases of cellular respiration is the majority of ATP formed?

53 How many carbon dioxide molecules are produced by the complete aerobic

breakdown of one glucose molecule?

54 An oxidase detection test can be used to identify certain bacteria because they lack

57 Reduction of nitrogen-oxygen ions and compounds by some bacteria is called

60 Mixed acid fermentation

63 Which of the following is not true of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

66 The process of forming glucose from various metabolic intermediates is called

69 Which of the following are characteristics of the Calvin cycle?

A A process the requires

True / False Questions

70 ATP molecules are catalysts that lower the activation energy needed to initiate a reaction

77 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is an intermediary of glycolysis that can also be utilized

Chapter 008 Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life Key

Multiple Choice Questions

1 All of the chemical reactions of the cell are called

Learning Objective: 08.01 Describe the relationship among metabolism

Learning Objective: catabolism and anabolism.

2 The breakdown of peptidoglycan to N-acetylmuramic acid, N-acetylglucosamine

and peptides is an example of

Learning Objective: 08.01 Describe the relationship among metabolism

Learning Objective: catabolism and anabolism.

Learning Objective: 08.02 Fully define the structure and function of enzymes.

4 Formation of peptide bonds between amino acids to build a polypeptide would be

Learning Objective: 08.01 Describe the relationship among metabolism

Learning Objective: catabolism and anabolism.

5 Reactants are converted to products by

Learning Objective: 08.01 Describe the relationship among metabolism

Learning Objective: catabolism and anabolism.

6 Each of the following are true of enzymes except

A They can be used over and

7 Th

e cell's metaboli

c reactio

ns involveth

e participation

of _ th

at lowe

r th

e activationenergyneededforth

e initiatio

n

of

a reactio

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 02 Full y defi ne the stru ctur e and fun ctio

n of enz ym es.

8 Anapoenzym

e

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 03 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n an apo enz ym e and a holo enz ym e.

9 A holoenzym

e

is

a combinatio

n

of

a protei

n an

d on

e

or mor

e substanc

es calle

d

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 03 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n an apo enz ym e and a holo enz ym e.

10 Importa

nt component

s

of coenzym

es ar

y defi ne the stru ctur e and fun ctio

n of enz ym es.

11 A type

of cofact

or woul

rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 03 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n an apo enz ym e and a holo enz ym e.

12 Enzym

es th

at ca

n functio

n

at boilin

g watertemperatur

es

or othe

r hars

h condition

s woul

d beterm

ed

A

13 Ribozym

es ar

e

A

B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 02 Full y defi ne the stru ctur e and fun ctio

n of enz ym es.

14 Enzym

es th

at ar

e on

ly producedwhensubstra

te

is presen

t ar

e term

ed

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 04 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n end oen zym e and exo enz ym e Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: and bet wee n con stit

utiv e and reg ulat ed enz ym es.

15 Enzym

es th

at catalyz

e removingelectro

ns fro

m on

e substra

te an

d addingelectro

ns

to anothe

r ar

e calle

d

n of enz ym es.

16 Enzym

es th

at catalyz

e moving

a phosphat

e fro

m on

e substra

te

to anothe

r ar

e calle

d

A

n of enz ym es.

17 Enzym

es th

at catalyz

e remov

al

of carbondioxidefro

m

a substra

te ar

e calle

d

A

n of enz ym es.

18 The mos

t likelyplac

e wher

e anexoenzym

e participat

es

in

a chemicalreactio

n

is

A

ve: and bet wee n con stit utiv e and reg ulat ed enz ym es.

19 Allof th

e followingar

e exoenzym

es exce

ecti ve: 08 04 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n end oen zym e and exo enz ym e Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: and bet wee n con stit utiv e and reg ulat ed enz ym es.

20 Durin

g aerobiccellul

ar respiratio

n, th

e fin

al electro

n accept

E

Lea rnin g

Obj ecti ve: 08 14 Poin t out how ana ero bic res pira tion dif ers fro m aer obic res pira tion

21 _ reactio

ns ar

e anaboli

c reactio

ns involvingligas

es forsynthesisan

d th

e relea

se

of on

e watermolecul

e foreachbondfor

med

A

B

C

D.E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 02 Full y defi ne the stru ctur e and fun ctio

n of enz ym es.

22 Enzym

es th

at ar

e secretedby

a cel

l

to hydroly

ze reactio

ns ar

e

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 04 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n end oen zym e and exo enz ym e Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: and bet wee n con stit utiv e and reg ulat ed enz ym es.

23 Enzym

es th

at functio

n insid

e

a cel

l ar

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 04 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n end oen zym e and exo enz ym e Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: and bet wee n con stit utiv e and reg ulat ed enz ym es.

24 Enzym

es th

at ar

e alwa

ys presen

t, regardles

s

of th

e amou

nt

of substra

te ar

e

A

B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 04 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n end oen zym e and exo enz ym e Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: and bet wee n con stit utiv e and reg ulat

ed enz ym es.

25 Whe

n enzym

e actio

n stop

s du

e

to

a buildup

of en

d produc

t thi

s contr

ol

is calle

d

A

end oen zym e and exo enz ym e Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: and bet wee n con stit utiv e and reg ulat ed enz ym es.

26 Each

of th

e followingar

e denaturin

g agen

ts exce

pt

A

B

C.D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 06 Des crib e how enz ym es are con troll ed.

27 Feedba

ck inhibitio

n

is be

st described

as

A

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 06 Des crib e how enz ym es are con troll ed.

28 Metabolic pathwa

ys th

at regenerat

e theirstartin

g pointar

e calle

d _ pathwa

ys

A.B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 04 Dif ere ntia te bet wee n end oen zym e and exo enz ym e Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: and bet wee n con stit utiv e and reg ulat ed enz ym es.

29 Whe

n th

e produc

t

of reactio

n

A becom

es th

e reacta

nt

of reactio

n

B, th

e metaboli

c pathwa

y

is

A

C

D.E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 05 Dia gra m som e dif ere nt patt ern

s of met abol ism.

30 Most electro

n carrier

s ar

rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 09 Ide ntif y elec tron carr iers use d by cell s.

31 Exergonicreactio

ns

A

B

C

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 01 Des crib e the rela tion ship am ong met abol ism Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: cat abol ism and ana boli sm.

32 In th

e cel

l, energyrelease

d byelectro

ns

is oftenused

to phosphoryla

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08.

07 Na me the che mic

al in whi ch ene rgy is stor ed in cell s.

33 In additio

n

to electrons,which

of th

e following

is als

o involve

d

in electro

n transfer

?

A.B

C

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 09 Ide ntif y elec tron carr iers use d by cell s.

34 Each

of th

e followingar

e electro

n carrier

s exce

pt

A.B.C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 09 Ide ntif y elec tron carr iers use d by

cell s.

35 FAD, NADP, NA

D an

d coenzym

e

A ar

e all _ carrier

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 09 Ide ntif y elec tron carr iers use d by cell s.

36 The stepinvolvingAT

P, hexokinas

e an

d th

e phosphorylatio

n

of glucos

e

to glucose-6-phosphat

e

is

B

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 11 Writ

e a sum mar y stat em ent des cribi ng glyc olys is.

37 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t aproces

s th

at regenerat

es ATP?

A

B

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 07 Na me the che mic

al in whi ch ene rgy is stor ed in cell s.

38 Allof th

e followingperta

in

to glycolysisexce

pt

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 8.1 1 Writ

e a sum mar y stat em ent des cribi

ng glyc olys is.

39 Glycolysis

A

B

C

D

E

Lea rnin

g Obj ecti ve: 08 10 Na me thre e basi c cat abol ic pat hwa ys and give an esti mat

e of how mu ch ATP eac

h of the m yiel ds 8.1 1 Writ

e a sum mar y stat em ent des cribi ng glyc olys is

40 The formation

of citricaci

d fro

m oxaloaceticaci

d an

d anacet

yl grou

p begi

ns

A

hwa ys and give an esti mat

e of how mu ch ATP eac

h of the m yiel ds.

41 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t involve

d

in th

e stepth

at occu

rs betwee

n glycolysisan

d th

e Kreb

s cycle

?

B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 11 Writ

e a sum mar y stat em ent des cribi ng glyc olys is

42 Substra

te lev

el phosphorylatio

n occu

rs

in

A

B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 11 Writ

e a sum mar y stat

em ent des cribi ng glyc olys is

43 The majori

ty

of reduce

d NA

D

is produced

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 12 Des crib e the Kre bs Cycl e

44 In bacteri

al cel

ls, th

e electro

n transpo

rt syste

m

is located

in th

e

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 13 Disc uss the sign ifica nce of the elec tron tran spo rt syst em.

45 EachNAD

H th

at enter

s th

e electro

n transpo

rt syste

m give

s ris

e

to _ AT

P

A

B

C.D.E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 13 Disc uss the sign ifica

nce of the elec tron tran spo rt syst em.

46 Asth

e electro

n transpo

rt carrier

s shutt

le electrons,theyactivelypum

p _ int

o th

e outermembran

e compartmen

t

a concentratio

n gradie

nt calle

d th

e protonmotivefor

ce

A.B

C

D.E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 13 Disc uss the sign ifica nce of the elec tron tran spo rt syst em.

47 The redo

x carrier

s

of th

e electro

n transpo

rt chai

n th

at have

a tightl

y boun

d met

al ato

m responsib

le foracceptingan

d donatin

g electro

ns ar

e

A.B.C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 08 Cre ate a gen eral dia gra m

of a red ox rea ctio n Lea

rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 09 Ide ntif y elec tron carr iers use d by cell s Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 13 Disc uss the sign ifica nce of the elec tron tran spo rt syst em.

48 EachFAD

H2

fro

m th

e Kreb

s cycleenter

s th

e electro

n transpo

rt syste

m an

d give

s ris

e

to _ ATP's

A

B

C.D.E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 12 Des crib e the Kre b's Cycl e.

49 In whichpathwa

y

is th

e mos

t NAD

H generated

?

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 12 Des crib e the Kre b's Cycl e.

50 Durin

g which

of th

e phas

es

of cellul

ar respiratio

n

is th

e majori

ty

of AT

P formed

?

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g

Obj ecti ve: 08 13 Disc uss the sign ifica nce of the elec tron tran spo rt syst em.

51 In bacteri

al cel

ls, whenglucos

e

is completelyoxidizedbyall th

e pathwa

ys

of aerobiccellul

ar respiratio

n, wh

at

is th

e maximu

m numbe

r

of AT

P generated

?

A.B.C.D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 14 Poin t out how ana ero bic res pira tion dif ers fro m aer obic res pira tion

52 In whichstag

e

of aerobicrespiratio

n

is waterproduced

08 14 Poin t out how ana ero bic res pira tion dif ers fro m aer obic res pira tion

53 How man

y carbondioxidemolecul

es ar

e producedbyth

e complet

e aerobicbreakdow

n

of on

e glucos

e molecule?

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 14 Poin t out how ana ero bic res pira tion dif ers fro m aer obic res pira tion

54 Anoxida

se detectionte

st ca

n beused

to identif

y certa

in bacteri

a becaus

e theylac

k

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 13 Disc uss the sign ifica nce of the elec tron tran spo rt syst em.

55 Wha

t chemicalcaus

es deat

h

in man

y eukaryot

es becaus

e

it bloc

ks cytochrom

e coxidase

?

A.B

C

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 13 Disc uss the sign ifica nce of the elec tron tran spo rt syst em.

56 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t tru

e

of anaerobicrespiration?

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 14 Poin t out how ana ero bic res pira tion dif ers fro m aer obic res pira tion

57 Reduction

of nitrogen-oxygenio

ns an

d compoun

ds bysom

e bacteri

a

is calle

d

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 16 Des crib e how non - car boh ydr ate com pou nds are cat abol ized

58 The reactio

ns

of fermentatio

n functio

n

to produc

e _ molecul

es forus

e

in glycolysis

A

B

C

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 15 Pro vide a sum mar

y of fer me ntat ion.

59 Whe

n glucos

e

is brokendownbyglycolysisdurin

g bacteri

al fermentatio

n, ho

w man

y AT

P ar

e generated

?

A

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 10 Na me thre e basi c cat abol ic pat hwa ys and give an esti mat

e of how mu ch ATP eac

h of the m yiel ds 8.1 1 Writ

e a sum mar y stat em ent des cribi ng glyc olys is

60 Mixe

d aci

d fermentatio

n

A

B

C

D

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 15 Pro vide a sum mar

y of fer me ntat ion.

61 Fermentatio

n

A

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 15 Pro vide a sum mar

y of fer me ntat ion.

62 Whic

h

of th

e followingar

e no

t photosyntheti

c pigments?

g Obj ecti ve: 08 19 Su mm ariz e the pro ces

s of pho tosy nth esis in sim ple lan gua ge.

63 Whic

h

of th

e following

is no

t tru

e

of th

e light-dependen

t reactio

ns

of photosynthesis?

B

C

E

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 19 Su mm ariz e the pro

s of pho tosy nth esis in sim ple lan gua ge Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 20 Disc uss the rela tion ship bet wee n ligh - dep end ent and ligh t- ind epe nde nt rea ctio ns.

64 Aminatio

n

is th

e additio

n

of a/an _ grou

p

to

a carbonskeleton

A

B

C

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 16 Des crib e how non - car boh ydr ate com pou nds are cat abol ized

65 The propert

y

of organisms

to integrat

e catabolic an

d anaboli

c pathwa

ys

to improv

e cel

l efficienc

y

is calle

d

66 The proces

s

of formingglucos

e fro

m vario

us metaboli

c intermediat

es

is calle

d

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Out com e: 08 16 Des crib e how non - car boh ydr ate com pou nds are cat abol ized

67 The principl

e sit

es

of amphiboli

c interactio

n occu

r durin

g

A

C

D

Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 08 18 Defi ne am phi boli sm

68 Intermediat

es fro

m th

e Kreb

s cycleca

n beconverted

to aminoaci

ds byth

e proces

s

of

A

B

D

E

Lea rnin g Out com e: 08 17 Pro vide an ove rvie

w of the ana boli c sta ges of met abol ism.