Subject for a verb : Làm chủ ngữ cho động từ.. Object for some verbs Làm tân ngữ cho một số động từ : admit, advise, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, complete, consider, delay, deny, discu
Trang 1UNIT 3: PARTIES
* GRAMMAR: GERUND AND INFINITIVE
I FUNCTIONS OF GERUND (Chức năng của Gerund):
1 Subject for a verb : (Làm chủ ngữ cho động từ )
EX: Swimming is good for your health
Smoking is not good for your health
2 Object for some verbs (Làm tân ngữ cho một số động từ) :
admit, advise, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, complete, consider, delay, deny, discuss, dislike, enjoy, finish, can’t help, can’t bear, can’t stand, keep, mention, mind, miss, postpone, practice, quit, recall, recommend, resent, suggest, hate, love, like, start, begin, forget, remember, stop, regret, continue, acknowledge, endure(chịu đựng, cam chịu), imagine, justify, resist(kháng cự, chống lại), feel like, forgive, risk, tolerate
3 Object for preposition (Làm tân ngữ cho giới từ):
tobe interested in, tobe fond of, tobe bored with, tobe fed up with, tobe afraid of, tobe surprised at, tobe
worried about, tobe amused at, tobe amazed at, tobe famous for, tobe different from, tobe good/ bad at, tobe excited at/ about, tobe frightened of, tobe keen on, tobe pleased with, tobe relaxed with, tobe exhausted at, tobe free from, tobe busy with, tobe absent from, tobe present at, tobe tired of, tobe terrified of, tobe nervous of, tobe successful in, to be used to, to get used to, to think of/ about, to give up,
to depend on, to insit on, to rely on,
4 Object for some phrases and expressions (Làm tân ngữ cho một số cụm từ và thành ngữ):
to look forward to, It’s no use, It’s no good, It’s worth, have difficulty + gerund
5 Một số động từ theo sau có thể dùng Gerund or To Infinitive đều không thay đổi nghĩa:
begin, start, hate, prefer, continue, like, intend, attempt.
6 Một số động từ theo sau dùng Gerund nghĩa khác dùng To infinitive nghĩa khác: stop , remember, forget, regret
7 Sau các động từ allow, advise, forbid, permit, recommend dùng được Gerund khi không có túc từ.
EX: Sorry, we don’t allow smoking in this room
I wouldn’t advise taking the car
II INFINITIVE WITH TO:
1 Làm chủ ngữ:
Eg: To love is to give
To find my house is easy
To save money now is necessary
2 Bổ ngữ của động từ:
Eg: Our duty is to study harder.
3 Làm tân ngữ cho một số động từ.(Theo sau một số động từ quy định)
afford, agree, appear, attempt, arrange, ask, beg, care, claim, decide, demand, expect, fail, hesitate, hope, learn, manage, need, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, struggle, threaten, volunteer, wait, want, wish
4 Verbs followed by a pro(noun) + an infinitive:
advise, allow, ask, arrange, beg, cause, challenge, convince, dare, encourage, expect, forbid, force, hire, invite, need, order, permit, persuade, remind, require, tell, urge, want, warn, teach, instruct (dạy, hướng dẫn, thông báo), get, would like, would prefer
5 Dùng làm tân ngữ của tính từ:
unable, afraid, amused, annoyed(làm bực mình,chọc tức), anxious, astonished(làm ngạc nhiên), certain, delighted, determined(xác định), eager, easy, good, glad, grateful, happy, hard, fortunate(may mắn, đem lại vận may), pleased, prepared, ready, safe, surprised, wonderful, worry
Trang 2Eg: I’m glad to see you again
We are unable to solve the problem
6 Chỉ mục đích:
EX: We study hard to pass the exam
We go to school to widen our knowledge
III INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO:
Động từ nguyên mẫu không TO được sử dụng trong các trường hợp sau:
1 Sau các động từ khiếm khuyết: can, may,must, will, shall, could, should, might, ought to, would Eg: He can speak 3 languages
2 Sau các động từ chỉ giác quan như: feel, hear, see, watch, make, let
Eg: I saw him unlock the door
He made me study hard (câu chủ động)
She let the ball fall onto the floor
* Nhưng những động từ này khi ở câu bị động phải dùng TO INFINITIVE ngoại trừ “LET”.
I was made to study hard, (câu bị đôïng)
He was seen to unlock the door
We were made to write a friendly letter
* Feel, hear, see, watch thường được thêo sau bởi V-ING khi đề cập đến sự tiếp diễn của hành động
Eg: I hear someone knocking at the front door
I saw the man walking down the street
3 Sau các động từ như: had better, would rather, have to
Eg: We would rather wait till tomorrow.
You had better put your money in the bank
* EXERCISES
I PHONETICS:
* Choose one word whose underlined part pronounced differently:
3 A pleasure B friendship C residential D unsefishness
* Pick out the word that has the stress parttern different from that of the other words:
3 A sympathy B sympathetic C enthusiasm D understand
II VOCABULARY
1 A party is a social for celebration and recreation
2 In the United States, people of all ages _ birthdays
3 A shop selling shoes is called a
A shop of shoes B shoe shop C shoes seller D shoe-selling shop
4 Mary usually keeps her money in a small
5 Who are your favourite _, Jack?
A movie stars B star movies C movies star D stars movie
Trang 36 I’ve just bought a _ Would you like to have a look?
A machine-washer B washing machine C washer machine D machine-washing
7 In some countries, girl students can only go to a _
A shool of girls B school girl C girl school D schooling girl
8 A horse which runs races is called ………
A a horse-race B a race-horse C a race’s horse D a horse-racing
9 A race for hores is called ………
A a running-race B a racing-horse C a race-horse D a horse-race
10 A brush with which we brush our teeth is called ………
A a brush-teeth B a teeth-brush C a brush-tooth D a tooth-brush
11 A pool in which you may swim is called ………
A a swimming-pool B a pool-swimming C a swim-pool D a pool-swim
12 A table used for writing is called ………
A a table-writing B a writing-table C a writting-table D a written-table
13 A lamp which burns oil is called ………
A an oiling-lamp B an oiled-lamp C an oil-lamp D a burning-lamp
14 A dog used for hunting is ………
A a dog-hunter B a hunting-dog C a dog-hunting D a hunt-dog
15 A man who drives a taxi is ………
A a driving-taxi B a taxi-man C a taxi’s driver D a taxi-driver
16 The machine which the farmer uses to sow the grain is ………
A the sowing-machine B the sowing-farmer C the sow-machine D the sewing-machine
17 A cup used to drink tea is ………
A a cup-tea B a cup of tea C a tea-cup D a drinking-cup
18 A rod for fishing is called ………
A a fishing-rod B a rod-fish C a fish-rod D a rodding-fish
19 A court for playing tennis is ………
A a tennis-court B a courting tennis C a court-tennis D A and B are correct
* Complete the following sentences by using given words in the box:
1 It’s _ to wear casual clothes to a wedding party
2 Never keep the napkin into the collar when you are at a dinner table
3 There are _ job oppotunities for young people in this city
4 At her birthday party, my friend happily my present with a very nice smile
5 If you want to enjoy a atmosphere, go with me to that barbecue tonight
6 The mission seems to an inexperienced young man like him
7 That unimportant file was just _ from the computer by its owner
8 Put the cutlery _ on the plate to inform the waiter that you have finished with that course
9 Passengers are usually advised not to get off the bus until it is _ stopped
10 Holding a reunion dinner on New Year’s Eve is a very special _ feature of Vietnamese people
III GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES:
accepted, completely, congenial, cultural, diagonally, impossible,
numerous, removed, tucked, unacceptable
Trang 4* Choose the best answer from A, B, C or D
1 I have difficulty and English
A speaking – writing B speak – writing C to speak – to write D speak - write
2 They offered her but she refused
3 I don’t mind you the washing up
A help – do B helping – doing C helping – do D to help- to do
4 I’d like when I am sixty years old
5 We hope the students themselves will enjoy taking in outdoor activities
6 The children are looking forward to on holiday
7 You must try not to so many mistakes again
8 Her advice made him his mind
9 Ms Lan enjoys because she loves working with children
10 My father doesn’t allow me in his room
11 It’s very me with money
C kind of you helping D kind of you to help
12 It’s better to avoid during the rush hour
13 It was a nice day, so we decided for awalk
14 Would you looking after my children for a while?
15 Students should encourage questions in class
16 It is compulsory for students in shools uniforms
17 This class needs It’s very dirty
18 At school, students usually take part in money for charity
19 May I in?
20 Let’s for a walk
21 Do you enjoy cartoon?
22 They want by air because it is much faster than other means of transfort
23 Why don’t you consider me? I really look forward to you
A visiting – seeing B to visit – to see C to be visited – saw D visit – see
24 It’s impolite people about their salary
Trang 5A asked B to ask C asking D ask
25 Don’t in class, students!
26 Who you English?
27 You had better harder
28 is my hobby
29 We should read different kinds of books our general knowledge
30 It’s not good to avoid the teacher’s questions in class
31 Students are interested in a party
32 the exams, students have to learn hard
33 The girl denied the news
34 I can’t bear people at me
35 Would you like your holiday with my family in Brazil?
36 My father is very keen classical music
A to listen B to listen to C on listening to D on listening
37 I remember next door to you when we were in Australia
38 My sister is good at tennis
39 Do you hope your father again this weekend?
40 Never let children alone in the street
41 Have you promised with me ?
42 I am bored with computer games now
43 Susan is looking for something ………
44 My parents are interested in ……… football matches on TV
45 She used ………as a typist
46 ………stamps is my hobby
47 I remember ………you about this before
48 He let the letter ……… on to the floor
Trang 649 I can’t stand ……… on underground when it is busy.
50 She hates ……… housework at weekends
51 I had a headache, and the doctor asked me ……… some aspirin
52 She is keen on ……… with a doll
53 Every day I spend two hours ……… English
A practise B to practise C practising D practised
54 I don’t mind ……… if you are tired
55 I don’t remember ……… the front door when I left home
56 Children enjoy ……… to ghost stories on Halloween night
A telling and listening B.tell and listen
C to tell and listen D to tell and to listen
57 Have you finished ……… the table ?
58 Mr Smith decided ……… a new TV
59 I can’t help ……… him in spite of his faults
60 Don’t forget ……… home as soon as you arrive at your destination
A to call B calling C having called D to be called
61 Jack made me ……… him next week
A to promise to call B to promise calling C promise to call D promise calling
62 If we want to get to the station on time, we’d better avoid ……… the highway
63 Tommy admitted ……… the rock through the window
A throwing B.being throwing C to throw D to be thrown
64 He suggested ……… a double railway tunnel
65 What makes you ……… so ?
A think B to think C thinking D having thought
66 Some people are used to ……… in crowded buses and don’t mind it at all
67 If you see Nisson, ……… you mind………him to get in touch with me ?
A will-reminding B will- to remind C would- to remind D would- reminding
68 Please let me ……… when you can come
69 I regret ……… you that I am unable to come tomorrow
70 Workers began ……… a number of wooden boxes
A unloading B unload C to unloading D unloaded
71 Would you mind ……… the phone number ? I didn’t hear properly
A to repeat B repeat C repeating D for repeating
72 What would you like ………for your breakfast ?
Trang 7A eating B to be eaten C to eat D to have eaten
73 ……… in the country is something he loves
A Travelling B Travel C The travelling D To travelling
74 I was reading my books, but I stopped ……… a programme on TV
A reading to watch B to read to watch C to read for watching D reading watching
75 I want her ……… a special effort today
76 Let’s ………to the station right now or we will be late
77.You must try to make ……… their teeth
A these children to clean B these children clean
C these children cleaning D these children cleaned
78 Children should be encouraged _ their individual interests
A develop B to be develop C developing D to develop
79 This room is too dark We need a lighter shade
A painting it B to have it painted C to be painted D to have it paint
80 I was enjoying my book, but I stopped _ a programme on TV
A reading to watch B to read to watch C to read for watching D reading for watch
81 The customs officer opened the suitcase if anything illegal was being brought into the country
82 Henry got into trouble when he refused _ his briefcase for the customs officer
83 I was just beginning _ asleep when I heard the phone
84 Would you please remember _ away all the tapes when you’ve finished listening to them?
85 The coach didn’t let anyone _ the team before the champion game
A to watch – practise B watch – to practise C watch – practise D watching – practising
86 The Smiths wanted to give their son every advantage However, they now regret him by providing too many material possessions
A having spoilt B having been spoilt C to have spoilt D.to have been spoiled
87 Tom made me him next week
A promise to call B to promise to call C promise call D promise calling
88 I got Mary her car for the weekend
A to let me borrow B let me borrow C to let me to borrow D let me to borrow
89 My parents wouldn’t let me _ up late when I was a child
90 Babara had her landlord the broken window before winter
91 She has been on a diet _ weight
A have lost B having lost C to have lost D to lose
92 Please let Jack _ with you
93 Mary was the last applicant by that interviewer
A to interview B to be interviewed C to be interviewing D to have interviewed
94 Children should be encouraged _ their individual interests
A develop B to be develop C developing D to develop
95 This room is too dark We need a lighter shade
Trang 8A painting it B to have it painted C to be painted D to have it paint
96 I was enjoying my book, but I stopped _ a programme on TV
A reading to watch B to read to watch C to read for watching D reading for watch
97 The customs officer opened the suitcase if anything illegal was being brought into the country
98 Henry got into trouble when he refused _ his briefcase for the customs officer
99 I’m sorry, I meant to you, but I’ve been busy
A to write B writing C to have written D write
100 He heard the clock _ six and knew that it was time for him get up
A to strike – to get B strike – to get C strike – getting D striking – getting
101 I can heard the bell but nobody seems the door
A ring – to be coming to open B ringing – to be coming to open
C to ring – being come to open D A & B are correct
102 I caught him _ over my wall I asked him _ but he refused _ anything
A climbing – to explain – to say B to climb – to explain – to say
C climb – explaining – to say D climbing – to explain – saying
103 I was just beginning _ asleep when I heard the phone
104 Would you please remember _ away all the tapes when you’ve finished listening to them?
105 We were shocked to hear the news of your
A having fired B having been fired C to be fire D to have been fired
106 The coach didn’t let anyone _ the team before the champion game
A to watch – practise B watch – to practise C watch – practise D watching – practising
107 The Smiths wanted to give their son every advantage However, they now regret him by providing too many material possessions
A having spoilt B having been spoilt C to have spoilt D.to have been spoiled
108 Tom mentioned _ in the accident as a child, but he never told us the details
A having injured B having been injured C to have injured D to have been injured
109 Tom made me him next week
A promise to call B to promise to call C promise call D promise calling
110 I got Mary her car for the weekend
A to let me borrow B let me borrow C to let me to borrow D let me to borrow
111 My parents wouldn’t let me _ up late when I was a child
112 I think I hear someone the black window Do you hear it, too?
A trying to open B trying open C try to open D try opening
113 Babara had her landlord the broken window before winter
114 She has been on a diet _ weight
A have lost B having lost C to have lost D to lose
115 Please let Jack _ with you
116 During the earthquake, I felt the building violently
117 Mary was the last applicant by that interviewer
A to interview B to be interviewed C to be interviewing D to have interviewed
118 English is an important language _
Trang 9A to master B for us to master
C which we have to master D All are correct
* Choose the underlined part among A,B,C or D that needs correcting:
1 Could you help me doing this job? I don’t know how to get it started
A B C D
2 Why don’t you stop and tell me why you always avoid to meet me?
A B C D
3 He doesn’t allow me smoking in his house because he believes smoking is harmful to health
A B C D
4 I didn’t have any money paying him so I had to ask for my father’s help
A B C D
5 The poor man was unable discovering who had thrown stones at him
A B C D
6 I feel my heart to beat quickly whenever I meet her
A B C D
7 Fertilizers are used primarily to enrich the soil and increasing yield
A B C D
8 Why don’t you help each other studying for the final exam
A B C D
9 The doctor advised doing exercises, drinking milk and do not smoke
A B C D
10 Try to don’t keep interrupting the speaker this time
A B C D
III WRITING:
* Choose the sentence A, B, C or D that best rewrites the root one:
1 We can’t make personal calls because the boss doesn’t allow it
A The boss doesn’t allow us making personal calls
B The boss doesn’t allow us to make personal calls
C The boss allows us not to make personal calls
D The boss doesn’t allow to make personal calls
2 I’d love to buy a dictionary, but I can’t afford
A I can’t afford to buy a dictionary B I can’t afford not buying a dictionary
C I can’t afford buy a dictionary D I can’t afford not to buy a dictionary
3 Jack said that he hadn’t cheated in the exam
A Jack denied not cheating in the exam B Jack denied cheating in the exam
C Jack denied not to cheat in the exam D Jack denied cheat in the exam
4 Police reported that a man had been helping them with their investigation
A A man was reported to have been helping them with their investigation
B A man was reported helping them with their investigation
C A man was reported help them with their investigation
D A man was reported to be helping them with their investigation
5 There are some letters which I have to type today
A There are some letters to write today B There are some letters to be writen today
C There are some letters for me to write today D All are correct