Bộ sách Scott Foresman reading street grade 5 advance teaching guides gồm các quyển sau: 5.1.1 This Is the Way We Go to School 5.1.2 Forecasting the Weather (Earth Science) 5.1.3 Harvesting Medicine on the Hill 5.1.4 African American Athletes (Social Studies) 5.1.5 The Land of Opportunity (Social Studies) 5.2.1 When the Disaster Is Over (Social Studies) 5.2.2 A Safe Heaven (Social Studies) 5.2.3 Making Friends in Mali 5.2.4 Saving Endangered Species (Life Science) 5.2.5 The National Guard Modern Minutemen (Social Studies) 5.3.1 The Patent Process (Social Studies) 5.3.2 The Inspiration of Art (Social Studies) 5.3.3 Whats New with Dinosaur Fossils (Life Science) 5.3.4 Music Gets the Blues (Social Studies) 5.3.5 Hollywood Special Effects (Social Studies) 5.4.1 Cheaper, Faster, Better Recent Technological Innovations (Social Studies) 5.4.2 Feel, Think, Move (Life Science) 5.4.3 A Home for Humans in Outer Space Is It Possible? (Space and Technology) 5.4.4 Nathaniel Comes to Town 5.4.5 What Makes Great Athletes? (Social Studies) 5.5.1 The Sandwich Brigade 5.5.2 Inventions from Space Travel (Space and Technology) 5.5.3 Astronauts and Cosmonauts (Space and Technology) 5.5.4 The Shaping of the Continents (Earth Science) 5.5.5 Journey to Statehood (Social Studies) 5.6.1 Oceans of Resources (Social Studies) 5.6.2 MixedUp Vegetables (Life Science) 5.6.3 From Salt to Silk Precious Goods (Social Studies) 5.6.4 Flying into the 21st Century 5.6.5 Unexpected Music (Social Studies)
Trang 1and Cosmonauts
SUMMARY During the Cold War, the former
Soviet Union and the United States
com-peted to launch the first satellite in space
The Soviets cosmonauts won the race in the
early stages, which prompted the creation of
NASA and years of space exploration driven
by international competition Today, scientists
from many different countries live on the
International Space Station and cooperate in
their efforts to further explore space
LESSON VOCABULARY
aerospace beleaguered
capsule dissolved
germinate gravity
rendezvous simulator
strenuous
INTRODUCE THE BOOK
INTRODUCE THE TITLE AND AUTHOR Discuss with
students the title and author of Astronauts
and Cosmonauts Discuss what students can
predict about the article based on the title
and the Science content triangle
BUILD BACKGROUND Invite students to discuss
what they know about space travel Ask: Do
you think the images you have of space travel
are realistic? Remind students that we speak
of Russia today because the Soviet Union
collapsed in 1990 If students are unfamiliar
with the topic, show a few images of American
and Soviet space explorers, as well as images
of the collapse of the Berlin Wall
PREVIEW/USE TEXT FEATURES Have students go
over the photos and captions before reading
the text Ask: What do the photos add? Would
illustrations have worked as well? Do photos
seem more scientific? Why or why not?
Point out that the photos generally follow a
chronological order Ask: Does this help you
predict how the article is organized?
READ THE BOOK SET PURPOSE Guide students to set their own
purposes for reading the selection Students’
interest in space travel, astronomy or other branches of science, or Cold War history should guide this purpose Invite them to use the pictures to come up with questions they
would like to have answered, such as What
was the Apollo-Soyez Mission? What do astro-nauts and cosmoastro-nauts do on space stations?
STRATEGY SUPPORT: MONITOR AND FIX UP
Encourage students to jot down any points that confuse them as they read Suggest that they reread, read the surrounding text to understand context, or seek clarification from
an outside source, such as a dictionary, the Internet, or a teacher
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS
PAGE 3 This page, unlike the pages that follow, has no bold heading What does this
sug-gest about the text on this page? (Possible
response: It is an introduction to the article.)
PAGE 6 What is one difference between the
training of astronauts and cosmonauts?
(Possible response: Cosmonauts followed strict diets; astronauts ate healthily but did not follow
a strict diet.)
PAGES 10 AND 12 Based on these pages, which
country won the early race to explore space?
(the Soviet Union)
PAGE 21 What sentence on this page best summarizes the current state of space
explanation? (People of all nations have
come together to learn and experiment as we humans look for ways to live among the stars.)
5.5.3
AUTHOR’S PURPOSE MONITOR AND FIX UP
Astronauts and Cosmonauts
100
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READER RESPONSE
1 Possible response: to compare the history
of space travel by Americans and Russians
and to inform about what it takes to be an
astronaut or cosmonaut
2 Astronauts: healthy diet, educated in
“hands-on” situations; Cosmonauts: strict
diet, structured physical training; Both:
strenuous exercise, expected to be fit
3 Responses will vary.
4 Responses will vary.
EXTEND UNDERSTANDING Invite students to
cre-ate their own graphic device that relcre-ates
infor-mation from the article, such as a time line or
a chart comparing the histories of American
and Russian space travel Suggest they mark
American dates in one color on the time line
and Russian dates in another color
RESPONSE OPTIONS
WRITING Ask students to imagine participating
in one of the shared Russian-American meals
during the Apollo-Soyuz mission Have them
write a brief description of their experience,
including what gifts the scientists gave each
other, what they ate, and what they discussed
over dinner
SCIENCE CONNECTION
Have students research a
current science project
over-seen by NASA Suggest they use
NASA’s official Website: www.nasa.gov Ask
them to present a brief summary of this project
TEACH/REVIEW VOCABULARY
Ask students to create a word web for each vocabulary word, with the word itself in the center and all associated words forming outer circles of the web
Divide students into groups and ask each group to use pictures or gestures to express the meaning of each vocabulary word
TARGET SKILL AND STRATEGY
AUTHOR’S PURPOSE Tell students that an
author’s purpose is the reason or reasons
that she or he has for writing (persuade, inform, entertain, or express) Remind students that they must often infer the
author’s purpose from text clues Astronauts
and Cosmonauts, for example, contains
dates, historic photos, and many facts about the history of space travel
Ask: What does this suggest about the author’s purpose?
MONITOR AND FIX UP Tell students that
monitoring and fixing up is the process by
which they keep track of their own compre-hension Remind them to notice if the text stops making sense and to ask themselves
questions such as What does this mean? and
Why did the author include this? Answering
such questions will also help students iden-tify the author’s purpose
ADDITIONAL SKILL INSTRUCTION
COMPARE AND CONTRAST Remind students
that comparing and contrasting means noting
similarities and differences between things
Point out that authors sometimes employ
clue words or phrases (like, unlike, however,
on the other hand) when comparing and
con-trasting Help students see that Astronauts
and Cosmonauts, beginning with the title, is
a comparison of Russian and American space exploration Suggest students make
a Venn diagram to compare and contrast the article’s information
Astronauts and Cosmonauts 101
Skill Work
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Name
Author’s Purpose
• An author’s purpose is the reason or reasons an author has for writing.
• Four common reasons are: to persuade, to inform, to entertain, to express ideas.
Directions Read the paragraphs below Then answer the questions on the lines below.
From the beginning of time, people have stared at the stars in wonder Their beauty and
mystery has always attracted people
In the late 1950s, the United States and the former Soviet Union started working to get a closer look at the stars Each wanted to send people into space At the time, the two countries
were not friendly and competed to be the first in space Each kept their work top secret
1 What would you say is the author’s main purpose in writing the first paragraph?
2 Explain your answer.
3 What purpose might the author have in the second paragraph?
4 Explain your answer.
5 How do you think the author’s two purposes might work together?
Astronauts and Cosmonauts
102
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Name
103
Vocabulary
Directions Write the word from the box that belongs in each group.
1 meet, gather,
2 force, pull,
3 difficult, exhausting,
4 worried, troubled,
5 apparatus, device,
6 sprout, grow,
Directions Write two sentences on the lines below about Astronauts and Cosmonauts Use as many
vocabulary words as you can
Astronauts and Cosmonauts
Check the Words You Know
beleaguered gravity simulator
germinate rendezvous strenuous