control across Central American isthmus More than 100,000 mine workers in Pennsylvania join Anthracite Coal Strike, eventually winning shorter workdays and higher wages with help from P
Trang 1Theodore Roosevelt becom.:.:e:::s ::.:=_c==~•
J.P Morgan buys arnegie Sted Company from
Andrew Carnegie and forms U.S Steel Corporation,
creating monopoly in US steel industry and n -4.g!l~~~~2' '~~~~iE !!!'~~~~li!:~~~-I
n tion's fi rst billion-dollar
Cuban affairs and gives US permanent military
base at Guantanamo
n 'eaty with Britain gives U.S control
across Central American isthmus
More than 100,000 mine workers in Pennsylvania
join Anthracite Coal Strike, eventually winning
shorter workdays and higher wages with help from
President Roosevelt's arbitration
Boston Americans beat Pittsburgh Pirates in first
World Series
With political and military support from U.S., Panama
gains ind pendence Irom Colombia and Roosevelt
official izes ic of Panama
control of I O-mile-wide zone for Panama Canal
journalists and writers, such as Upton Sinclair, Lincoln Steffens Ida Tarbell and Jacob Riis who spurred reform by exposing corruption and scandal
in business and Massive earthquake in San Francisco California results in fi res that destroy 28.000 buildings and leave more than 225,000 homeless and 3.000 dead;
is estimated at
National Monuments Act,
of 18 national monuments
H epbur n Act gives Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) power to set maximum freight rates and review financial records of railroads
provide for government inspection of meatpacking and ban use of unsafe additives in food and
allow g and Japan Pacific Roosevelt nds 16 n w U.S battleships later called the "Great White Fleet," on world tour as show of U.S sea
Roosevelt establishes National Commission for the Conservation of Natural Resources
Ford uses assembly line to produce inexpensive Model T automobile
With Roosevelt's
is elected as 27th
Howard Taft (R)
1909 W.E.B Dubois and others fo und National
1910
Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Declaring war on Germany U S officially enters World War I, eventually sending ore than 2
million soldiers into battle Committee on Pu lic Information is formed to produce propaganda in favor of U.S involvement in Jane Addams publishes T wen t y Ye a rs at /f il II O llse, B_ _+-'-W-'-'o: :r.:.:ld=-W.: :.,oa:: r :.I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ autobiographical account of her work to help Congress passes Selective SerJ'ice Act autho rizing immigrants and poor working people in Chicago registration and dra li of all men bet een the ages
1911 Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in New York City Congress passes Espioal(l' Act, making it illegal kills 146 garment workers, exposing inhumane to interfere with success of U.S armed forces or industrial working conditions and helping gain
for' fire codes and labor laws
ies Revolution bcgins in Russia; Bolshevik Party overthrows government and signs an armistice with Central Powers ending Russia's participation in
J
Trang 219th
US
Fourteen Points for democracy, free trade, and
peace in Europe and the formation of a League of
Nations to future wars
Act revises Espionage A c t , effectively any public criticism of US policy during
Under Espionage and Seditioll Act.l; Socialist
Party leader and five-time presidential candidate
Eugene V Debs is sentenced to 10 years in prison
for anti-war is released in 1921
More than 85 ,000 US soldiers help Allies win
Second Battle of the Marne, last maj,0 _ ~ r _ G = er ~ m ~ a ~ n_ _ I -+~:;~~;S~2~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -t
Allied troops take the offensive; U.S leads Allied
forces to victory at Battle of Argonne; battle ends
with signing of Armistice Treaty, ending combat in
World War I
18th Amendment (Prohibition) is ratified,
prohibiting manufacture, sale, and distribution of
uor in U.S
Treaty of Ver.failles is signed between Allies and
Germany, ofTicially ending World War I and
of Nations
France
Russia (1914-17)
United States (1917-18)
Japan
Italy
Belgium
Serbia and
18th Amendment goes into enect, beginning
FScott Fitzgerald's novel T he G rea t G a t s hy is
published considered by many as defining work
of 1920s
"Scopes Monkey Trial" in Tennessee sparks national debate over teaching evolution in public schools
Ernest Hemingway's The S u n Alw R is e s is
published, establishin g his leadership in " Lost Generation" writers of 1920s ex presing post-war
disillusionment with American values and culture Charles Lindbergh completes first solo nonstop flight across Atlantic in Spirit of St Louis,
traveling 3,600 miles from New York to Paris in
33'1, hours
executed in Massachusetts for robbery and murder;
many Americans believe verdict was unfair and motivated
New York Yankee Babe Rut sets reord with 60 home runs in one season
William Faulkner's novel The Sound and the Fury is published, depicting economic decline of
a family in post-Civil War South; considered by
Agricultural Adju •tment Act pays farmers to reduce crop areas in order to reduce surpluses and raise values
Tennessee Valley Authority A ct provides economic development and electricity generation in Tennessee River watershed
Administration is established to
18th
US officials arrest more than 6,000 Americans as Stock market crashes ("Black Thursday" on promising to refrain from armed intervention in
mark end of "Roaring Twenties" and beginning of atm mencan: a=.=a:.:.=.s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
~ 1~ ~ c ~ a r ~ r ~ ~ fu ~ C ; h ; a ~pm; a ;n~ C ;~~ ~t ~ u ; ; n ~ d ~ s ;L;; C U a ; g ~ ;~ C f 0 ;~ w ; 0 ; m ; e ;n- ~~ ==f Gre ~~ at ~~~~~~::::::::::::: ~ W34 ~nMMHu~Loog M oou~9h~~~reOur
Trang 3~~ I ~~~~ ~
and strike
agricul
1iJ-=c +F.::,::':·r"'st=-=N=eu-'-t::':=-=ralitY=-= ::':A ct::':::':::':im-'-::':p':"'o e'::s':::2 =s ::':emb::':a::':rg:':o o~-n-ar ms -II Administration) and highways, bridges,
shipments to belligerents and restricts American
other travel on
is re-elected as president
bas
dream of
C
on federal lands
FDIC (Federal Deposit
Vietnam
PWA (Public Works
Build ports, schools, and 1t- - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~%y.~~P- -1 p, 4;;~~;:';~iI!~; ~I!!I!!!!!I!!!I!II! ••
Administration)
Trang 4"Baby Boom" era of increased birth rate
begins; by mid-1960s, more than 70 million
babies are born in U.S
Winston Churchill uses term "iron curtain" to
describe Europe's division between Western
powers and area controlled by communist
Soviet Union
of Bilby and Child Care is published, eventually
becoming one of the best-selling books of all
time
Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) is
established to place nuclear power management
under civilian control
Truman Doctrine outlines U.S plan to limit
spread of communism through political,
democratic nations
Jackie Robinson
western Europe and limit spread of
communism
Taft-Hartley Act prohibits certain labor union
activities and outlaws closed-shop, union-only
US, Department of Defense, National Security
Council, and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
are established
plane, pilot Chuck sound
lIouse Committee on Un-American Activities
(HUAC) targets communist sympathizers in
1948 Israel is officially declared a nation;
surrounding Arab nations immediately declare
war and attack Israel
1949
1950
[n first major crisis of Cold War, Berlin
Blockade begins with Soviet Union blocking all
access to Soviet-controlled Berlin
Executive Order 9981, uality of treatment and ordering n armed forces
(D) is elected as president by
George Orwell's 1984 is published, ~A'H~"O""5
fears of Cold War and totalitarian
USSR detonates atomic bomb, starting arms
race with U.S
1952
MacArthur after disagreements over policy in Korea
J.D Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye is
published, expressing alienation of youth amid 1950s conservatism and Cold War
one country falls to communism, others will follow) as reasoning behind his foreign policy
in Indochina
In Brown v, Topeka Board of Education,
Supreme Court orders school desegregation and rules "separate but equal" policies
unconstitutional, overturning 1896 Plessy v
decision
Geneva Convention issues declaration for
Vietnam at 17th
Senate censures Senator McCarthy for contempt and reckless behavior; his power and
eventually making it world's largest restaurant chain
Jonas Salk announces development of polio vaccine, which eventually eliminates polio as health threat in U.S
Warsaw Pact creates military alliance among
communist states in Central and Eastern
first theme park, Disneyland,
Rosa Parks refuses to give up bus seat to white
American Federation of Labor (AFL) and Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) merge to form AFL-CIO and become country's dominant labor
Act authorizes and funds construction of
41,000 miles of interstate
din~
r or
"a te
,pel'ts;
Trang 5American student at University of Mississippi;
ensuing violent riots lead President Kennedy to
scnd federal to that state
In Cuban Missile Crisis, President Kennedy
denounces Soviet Union for installing missile
bases on Cuba and initiates naval blockade
of island; confrontation nearly leads to war
between U.S and Soviet Union
1963 Alabama Governor George Wallace declares,
Feminine Mystique is
women's movement Supreme Court rules that state courts must
provide counsel to any criminal defendant
unable to afford
Bob Dylan releases "Blowin' in the Wind,"
establishing his leadership in folk music revival
of 1960s
Usc of fire hoses and police dogs on African
American demonstrators in Birmingham,
Alabama, is telcvised, evoking widespread
for Civil
Hot Line Agreement establishes direct
communications link between Washington,
D.C., and Moscow to reduce risk of nuclear war
In support of civil rights, more than 200,000
participate in March on Washington, where Dr
Martin Luther King, Jr., delivers famous "I
Have a Dream"
Sixteenth Street Baptist Church bombing in
Birmingham, Alabama, kills four young girls,
Supreme Court rules that criminal suspects
have right to counsel during police
Civil Rights Act of 1964 bans discrimination
in education, employment, and public places,
and empowcrs federal government to enforce
Following attack of two U.S destroyers by
North Vietnamese boats, Gulf of Tonkin
Resolution authorizes President Johnson to use
that prohibiting
m"TrI"''''< is unconstitutional Worst riot of decade occurs in Detroit, Michigan; part of series of urban riots known
as the hot summer"
Thurgood is confirmed as first African American Court Justice
1968 Tet Offensive is launched by North Vietnamese forces, causing U.S public opinion to turn the war
Armstrong and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin become first to walk on moon
Woodstock Festival begins in White Lake, New York, and becomes symbol of 1960s counterculture
More than 250,000 demonstrators march
on Washington D.C to peacefully protest Vietnam War
First episode of Sesame Streef airs on public television, pioneering the use of television to both teach and entertain children
racism of the 1930s and 1940s First Earth Day celebration is held with millions of Americans participating in anti
lution demonstrations Ohio National Guard soldiers kill 4 at Kent State University during student protest against Vietnam War
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is
U.S
Trang 6African American State
"Dot-com bubble" (period of investment and speculation in Internet firms starting in 1995) bursts
dissolves and becomes newly in U.S stock market, causing federal government
Russian Federation to drastically cut interest rates (which leads to the
In meeting at Camp David, President Bush and "real-estate bubble" a few Russian president Boris Yeltsin officially declare end Wl f-M:.:::or~ :t.::h::a~ ::.n: 3:::.0:::.0:::.Am ic= .::e :.r.: :.a-'n :s.::a: :: :.::rek~il:':-'-:d when A I '-' ~
Towers of World Trade Center in New York City
a third jet into Pentagon near Washington D.C
and a fourth into a rural field in Pennsylvania: catastrophic events collectively become known as
9-11 U.S and British forces invade Afghanistan to pursue AI-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden and
Unilin!? and Strengthellill!? America hy Pr()l ' iding Appropriate Tools Reqllired to Intercept and Ohstruct Terrorism Act of2()()J (commonly
known as the "Patriot Act") increases power of U.S law enforcement agencies to search private communications and records and detain suspects: critics warn act violates civil
IH~~~~~;;;;
Iran-Contra scandal exposes Reagan administration Il - - -L~~~~~.&~~~~ ~~ ~~ -:-: - I I~~~~! - + :"::"= =:'::" 1~ ;Y;-;=":""- - -I officials trading arms to Iran in return for secret
funding of Contras (Nicaraguan rebels opposing
their Cuban-affiliated
U.S $5.95
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