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Trang 1CHUYÊN Đ THÀNH NG Ề THÀNH NGỮ Ữ Môn: TI NG ANH ẾNG ANH
Th i gian làm bài: 60’ ời gian làm bài: 60’
LESSON 1
to get in/to get on: to enter or to board a vehicle ( bước lên tàu xe)
To get in is used for cars, to get on is used for all other forms of transportation
( to get in được dùng cho xe ô tô, to get on được dùng cho các phương tiện giao thông khác)
- It's easiest to get in the car from the driver's side The door on the other side doesn't work well
- I always get on the bus to work at 34th Street
to get out of/to get off: to leave or to descend from a vehicle ( to get of/to get off mang nghĩa rời hoặc bước xuống từ xe)
To get out of is used for cars, to get off is used for all other forms of transportation
( to get of được dùng cho xe ô tô, to get off được dùng cho các phương tiện giao thông khác)
- Why don't we stop and get out of the car for a while?
- Helen got off the train at the 42nd Street terminal
to put on: to place on oneself (usually said of clothes) (S)
- Mary put on her coat and left the room
- Put your hat on before you leave the house
to take off: to remove (usually said of clothes) (S)
- John took off his jacket as he entered the office
- Take your sweater off The room is very warm
to call up: to telephone (also: to give someone a call) (S)
To call can be used instead of to call up, as in the first example below
- I forgot to call up Mr Jones yesterday I'd better call him now
- Call me up tomorrow, Jane We'll arrange a time to have lunch together
- I promise to give you a call as soon as I arrive in New York
to turn on: to start or cause to function (also: to switch on) (S)
- Please turn on the light; it's too dark in here
- Do you know who turned the air conditioning on?
to turn off: to cause to stop functioning (also: to switch off, to shut off) (S)
Turn on and turn off, as well as their related forms, are used for things that flow, such as
electricity, water, gas, etc
- Please turn off the light when you leave the room
- Are you really listening to the radio, or should I turn it off?
right away: very soon; immediately (also: at once)
- Dad says that dinner will be ready right away, so we'd better wash our hands and set the table
- Tell Will to come to my office right away I must see him immediately
- Stop playing that loud music at once!
to pick up: to lift from the floor, table, etc., with one's fingers (S)
- Harry picked up the newspaper that was on the front doorstep
- Could you pick your toy up before someone falls over it?
sooner or later: eventually, after a period of time
- If you study English seriously, sooner or later you'll become fluent
- I'm too tired to do my homework now; I'm sure I'll do it sooner or later
to get up: to arise, to rise from a bed
For the last definition a noun phrase must separate the verb and particle
- Carlo gets up at seven o'clock every morning
- At what time should we get the children up tomorrow?
Trang 2at first: in the beginning, originally
- At first English was difficult for him, but later he made great progress
- I thought at first that it was Sheila calling, but then I realized that it was Betty
in place of = instead of thay vì, thay cho, thay thế vào
- In place of travel by car We can go by bus to save energy
- They can use solar anergy in place of any other sources of energy to produce electriccity
- You can use milk in place of cream in this recipe.
out of place = không đúng chỗ, không thích hợp
- The proposal is out of place
- Her remarks were out of place.
- I felt completely out of place among all these successful people.
to take place = to happen = to occur xảy ra, được cử hành được tổ chức
- The film festival takes place in October.
- We may never discover what took place that night.
put yourself in one's place = to imagine that you are in somebody else's
situation
(Đặt chính bạn vào địa vị của ai)
- Of course I was upset—just put yourself in my place.
all over the place = everywhere
- New restaurants are appearing all over the place
- 'to ask after' someone means to ask for information about how they are and what they are doing.
Hỏi thăm sức khỏe,
Ex: Sue was asking after you I told her you were fine
He asked after my mother He wanted to know how she was doing
- 'to ask around' means to ask several people for help or information.( Hỏi quanh, hỏi một số nơi))
Ex: I asked around to see if anyone knew someone who could rent me a room
When I needed to buy a new car, I asked around and someone offered me this one
- 'to ask for' money/help/advice means to say that you want something.(cần cái gì, hỏi xin)
Ex: I asked for the chicken but you have brought me the beef
I must remember to ask for a receipt so that I can get reimbursed
- 'to ask for' can also mean to do something which is likely to lead to trouble or problems (chuốc
lấy phiền toái)
Ex: Walking around the streets alone at night was asking for trouble
If you go to that part of town, you're asking for trouble It's very dangerous there
- 'to ask for someone' means to ask to speak to them (muốn nói chuyện với ai)
Ex: He asked for Carol but there is no one working here called Carol
If you need anything, ask for Henry He'll be able to help you
- 'to ask someone in' means to invite them into the room or your home (mời ai vào nhà)
Ex: If someone comes to the door, don’t ask them in
Sometimes when I'm out in the garden, the neighbors ask me in for a drink
- 'to ask someone out' means to invite them to go somewhere with you (mời ai đi đâu đó với ai)
Ex: He asked me out so I expected him to pay for dinner
We often invite our friends out for a drink in the pub
- 'to ask someone over' means to invite them to come visit you in your home (mời ai đến nhà)
Ex: I've asked Diane from across the road over for a cup of coffee later
He asked me over to see what they had done in the garden
EXERCISES
A Choose the appropriate idiomatic expression to substitute for the italicized word or words in each
Trang 3sentence below
1 His alarm clock is always set for six o'clock He arises at the same time every day
2 She telephoned her friend to tell him about the meeting They decided to drive there together
A turned on B took off C called up D took away
3 It's 4 P.M now, and this important letter must be mailed today Can you take it to the post office
immediately?
A at first B right away C sooner or later D at last
4 Be sure to switch off the light before you leave the house
A to turn off B to take off C to get off D turn on
5 Pat placed her new hat on her head while looking in the mirror
6 Remove your jacket and sit down for a few minutes
7 I want to stay unmarried for a while, but I hope to get married eventually
A sooner or later B right away C at last D at first
8 In the beginning I thought that it was Bob who was in the car
9 He boarded the bus at Broadway and 79th Street
10 John took the pencil with his fingers and began to write a note
A turned on B got off C picked up D got on
11 It's easiest to get _ the car from the driver's side The door on the other side doesn't work well
12 I always _ the bus to work at 34th Street
13 Why don't we stop and _ the car for a while?
14 Helen got _ the train at the 42nd Street terminal
15 Mary put _ her coat and left the room
16 Put your hat _ before you leave the house
17 John _ his jacket as he entered the office
18 Take your sweater _ The room is very warm
19 I forgot to _Mr Jones yesterday I'd better call him now
20 Call me _ tomorrow, Jane We'll arrange a time to have lunch together
21 I thought _ that it was Sheila calling, but then I realized that it was Betty
22 Please turn _ the light; it's too dark in here
23 Do you know who turned the air conditioning _?
24 Please the light when you leave the room
Trang 425 Are you really listening to the radio, or should I turn it _?
26 Dad says that dinner will be ready right _away, so we'd better wash our hands and set the table
27 Tell Willy to come to my office _ I must see him immediately
A in the beginning B right away C at first D at last
28 Stop playing that loud music _!
29 Harry picked _ the newspaper that was on the front doorstep
30 Could you pick your toy _ before someone falls over it?
31 If you study English seriously, _ you'll become fluent
A in the beginning B sooner or later C at first D at last
32 I'm too tired to do my homework now; I'm sure I'll do it _
A sooner or later B in the beginning C at last D at first
33 Carlo _ at seven o'clock every morning
34 At what time should we get the children _ tomorrow?
35 _ English was difficult for him, but later he made great progress
36 In place of traveling by car We can go by bus to save energy
A in addition to B on behalf of C at last D in stead of
37 They can use solar energy in place of any other sources of energy to produce electricity
A in stead of B on behalf of C on the other hand D at first
38 You can use milk in place of cream in this recipe
A in addition to B in stead of C on behalf of D at last
39 The proposal is _ of place
40 Her remarks were _
A in place of B with place of C out of place D all over the place
41 I felt completely _ among all these successful people
A to take place B all over the place C in place of D out of place
42 The film festival in October
43 We may never discover what took place that night
A happened B caught sight of C looked after D took care of
44 Of course I was upset Just _ yourself in my place
45 New restaurants are appearing all over the place
B Fill in each blank with the appropriate form of an idiomatic expression from this unit
Jean's alarm clock makes a loud ringing noise She _ the alarm clock
immediately after it rings each morning However, she doesn't rise from bed _ She waits a few minutes before she _ Jean enjoys lying in bed for a while, but
gets up / at last / turns on / takes off / puts on / turns off / right away
Trang 5she gets up Then she the bedroom light and goes to her closet She _ her pajamas and _ her work clothes
C Choose the best preposition to complete the sentences.
1 I am writing to ask some information about courses
2 Why don't you ask him his advice?
3 He always asks you in his letters
4 I don't know of any vacancies in the company but I'll ask
5 He's too shy to ask her
6 Sue was asking you I told her you were fine
7 He asked my mother He wanted to know how she was doing
8 I asked to see if anyone knew someone who could rent me a room
9 When I needed to buy a new car, I asked and someone offered me this one
10 I asked the chicken but you have brought me the beef
11 I must remember to ask a receipt so that I can get reimbursed
12 Walking the streets alone at night was asking for trouble
13 If you go to that part of town, you're asking trouble It's very dangerous there
14 He asked Carol but there is no one working here called Carol
15 If you need anything, ask Henry help He'll be able to help you
16 If someone comes to the door, don’t ask them
17 Sometimes when I'm out in the garden, the neighbors ask me for a drink
18 He asked me so I expected him to pay for dinner
19 We often invite our friends for a drink in the pub
20 I've asked Diane a cup of coffee later
21 He asked me to see what they had done in the garden
22 I can't believe that Joe finally asked me on a date!
23 Why don't we ask the Johnsons for dinner at out home?
24 We asked the waiter some more coffee
Trang 625 My wife might ask more vacation time instead of a raise.
Trang 7LESSON 2
* To dress up: to wear formal clothes, to dress very nicely
- We should definitely dress up to go to the theater
- You don't have to dress up for Mike's party
* at last: finally, after a long time
- We waited for hours and then the train arrived at last
- Now that I am sixteen, at last I can drive my parents' car
* As usual: as is the general case, as is typical
- George is late for class as usual This seems to happen every day
- As usual, Dora received first prize in the swimming contest It's the third consecutive year that she has won
* To find out: get information about, to determine (S)
This idiom is separable only when a pronoun is used, as in the second example
- Will you please try to find out what time the airplane arrives?
- I'll call right now to find it out
* To look at: give one's attention to; to watch
- The teacher told us to look at the blackboard and not at our books
- I like to walk along a country road at night and look at the stars
* to look for: to try to find, to search for
An adverb phrase such as all over can be put between the verb and preposition, as in the second example However, the idiom cannot be separated by a noun or pronoun
- He's spent over an hour looking for the pen that he lost
- So there you are! We've looked all over for you
* all right: acceptable, fine; yes, okay
This idiom can also be spelled alright in informal usage
- He said that it would be all right to wait in her office until she returned
- Do you want me to turn off the TV? Alright, if you insist
* All along: all the time, from the beginning (without change) ( từ đầu đến cuối)
- She knew all along that we'd never agree with his plan
- You're smiling! Did you know all along that I'd give you a birthday present?
- I realized it was in my pocket all along.
* Little by little: gradually, slowly (also: step by step) từ tư dần dần
- Karen's health seems to be improving little by little
- If you study regularly each day, step by step your vocabulary will increase
* To tire out: to make very weary due to difficult conditions or hard effort (also: to wear out) (S)
- The hot weather tired out the runners in the marathon
- Does studying for final exams wear you out? It makes me feel worn out!
* To call on: to ask for a response from; to visit (also: to drop in on)
- Jose didn't know the answer when the teacher called on him
- Last night several friends called on us at our home
- Why don't we drop in on Sally a little later?
* Never mind: don't be concerned about it; ignore what was just said
- When he spilled his drink on my coat, I said, "Never mind It needs to be cleaned anyway."
- So you weren't listening to me again Never mind; it wasn't important
- Have you broken it? Never mind, we can buy another one
- This isn't where I intended to take you—but never mind, it's just as good
* to turn against
chống lại, trở nên thù địch với; làm cho chống lại
She turned against her old friend
- After the divorce he tried to turn the children against their mother
Trang 8* to turn away
đuổi ra, thải, bỏ đi, ngoảnh đi, quay đi, đưa ra chỗ khác
* to turn back
làm cho quay lại, lui trở lại, quay trở lại (người), lật (cổ áo )
* to turn down
gấp (trang sách); gập xuống; bẻ (cổ áo); lui (bấc đèn); lập úp (chụp đèn )
(thông tục) gạt bỏ, bác bỏ (lời đề nghị )đánh hỏng (một thí sinh)
* to turn in
gấp vào (mép bìa ); gập lại, thu lại, xoay vào
* to turn into = to change into something different, to transform.
trở thành, đổi thành
he has turned into a miser
* to turn out Audience members, spectators or participants at an event, in the end.
hoá ra, thành ra
it turned out to be true câu chuyện thế mà hoá ra thật
- He turned out to be a liar hoá ra nó là một thằng nói dối
* to turn over
lật, giở giao, chuyển giao, xem đi xem lại 1 vấn đề
- He has turned the business over to his friend
- I have turned the question over more than one
* to turn up = to increase the volume, to find unexpectedly.
lật lên; xắn, vén (tay áo ), xảy ra, đến, xuất hiện
- He was always expecting something to turn up
EXERCISES
I Choose the appropriate idiomatic expression to substitute for the italicized word or words
in each sentence below Idioms from previous lessons are indicated by number
1 Nan is trying to find the purse that she lost yesterday
A finding out B looking at C looking for D looking after
2 As is typical, Doug is late for the meeting
A At last B All along C As usual D As usually
3 Were you able to determine what his occupation is?
A to find out B to pick up C to call on D to look for
4 I am very weary after all that physical exercise today
A turned off B tired out C never mind D turn on
5 John's mother knew that he wasn't telling the truth from the beginning
A all along B all right C little by little D at last
6 Some old friends of mine visited us last night
A called on B called up C wore out D call
7 Eventually, Mario will be able to speak English better than he does now
A Never mind B Sooner or later C At last D At first
8 Is it acceptable for Mary to borrow our car for a few hours?
A right away B all right C step by step D as usual
9 Would you please give your attention to me while I'm talking?
A dress up B look at C wear out D look for
10 They waited for forty-five minutes until finally the waiter brought their food
A at last B little by little C at first D sooner or later
11 We should definitely dress _ to go to the theater
12 We waited for hours and then the train arrived _
Trang 9A Never mind B Sooner or later C At last D At first
13 You don't have to for Mike's party
14 Now that I am sixteen, _ I can drive my parents' car
A right away B at last C step by step D as usual
15 George is late for class _ This seems to happen every day
A as usual B all right C little by little D at last
16 Will you please try to _ what time the airplane arrives?
17. _, Dora received first prize in the swimming contest It's the third consecutive year that she has won
A Never mind B Sooner or later C as usual D At first
18 I'll call right now to find it _
19 The teacher told us to _ the blackboard and not at our books
20 I like to walk along a country road at night and _ the stars
21 He's spent over an hour looking _ the pen that he lost
22 So there you are! We've looked all _ you
23 He said that it would be _ to wait in her office until she returned
A all right B at last C little by little D at last
24 Do you want me to turn off the TV? , if you insist
25 She knew all along that we'd never agree with his plan.
A all the time B at last C at first D sooner or later
26 Karen's health seems to be improving little by little.
A right away B at last C step by step D as usual
27 You're smiling! Did you know all along that I'd give you a birthday present?
28 If you study regularly each day, step by step your vocabulary will increase.
A gradually B at first C from the beginning D as usual
29 The hot weather tired the runners in the marathon
30 Does studying for final exams wear you ? It makes me feel worn out!
31 Jose didn't know the answer when the teacher him
A looked for B called on C turned on D turned off
32 Last night several friends called on us at our home.
33 Why don't we drop in on Sally a little later?
A call off B called on C turned on D turned off
34 When he spilled his drink on my coat, I said, " _ It needs to be cleaned anyway."
A right away B at last C never mind D as usual
35 So you weren't listening to me again Never mind; it wasn't important
A never mind B at first C from the beginning D as usual
36 There's no need to _ - come as you are.
A call on B turn on C dress up D look for
II Choose the best answer to complete these sentences.
Trang 101 They had nowhere to stay so I couldn't turn them away.
2 Everyone turned _ and stared when I entered the meeting late
3 She had to turn _from her journey to the countryside because of her father’s death
4 He turned the lights _ low
5 The prince was turned into a frog by the witch
6 Please turn the television _ before you go to bed
7 You never know how your children will turn _
8 If the day turns _ wet, we may have to change our plans
9 The job turned _ to be harder than we thought
10 The factory was turned _ to the manufacture of aircraft parts
11 Could you turn the TV _?
12 After the divorce he tried to turn the children _ their mother
13 He has turned the business _ to his friend
14 He was always expecting something to turn _
15 When Max entered the room, Mary turned _ She could not face him after what he had done
16 The soldiers tried with all of their might to turn _ the invading forces
17 Please turn the radio _ It's too loud
18 Please turn the radio _ I can hardly hear it
19 Max turns _ his homework almost always on time
20 Please turn _ the lights when you leave the room
21 Max was bored so he turned the TV _
22 Once the pancake is done on one side, please turn it _ to cook the other side
23 He has been turned _ for ten jobs so far
24 Turn _ and let me look at your back
25 Hundreds of people were turned _ from the stadium