Thiết kế bài giảng hóa học 12 (tập 2) phần 2

b V&i dung dich HNO3 vd H2SO4 ddc GV yeu cau HS nhan xet ve tinh oxi boa cua dung dich FINO3 va H2SO4 dac tir do du doan san pham cua phan img vdi sat, viet phuong trinh boa hgc minh ho

Chircng 7 SAT VA MOT SO KIM LOAI QUAN TRONG

Bai 31 SAT

A MUCTIEUBAI HOC

1 Ki§n thirc

HS biit:

• Vi tri cua sat trong bang he thdng tuan hoan va cau hinh electron nguyen tir

• Tinh chat vat li, tinh chat boa hgc, va trang thai tu nhien ciia sat

• Sat la kim loai boat ddng trung binh, c6 nhieu sd oxi boa

HS hiiu:

Tai sao sat cd nhieu boa tri? Khi nao thi tao ra sat (II), khi nao tao Fe(III)

2 KT nang

• Ren luyen kT nang: Tir vi tri cua kim loai suy ra cau tao va tinh chat

• KT nang giai bai tap ve sat kim loai

3 Tinh cam, thai do

Sir da dang tinh chat cua sat lam phong phii tinh chat hoa hgc cua kim loai tao hung thu cho HS khi nghien ciiu ve tinh chat cua sat

B C H U A N Bj CUA GV VA HS

• GV - May tinh, may chieu

- Hoa chit: Dung dich CuC^, dung dich FeCl3, Fe

- Dung cu: Ong nghiem, cap ong nghiem, gia Ing nghiem

• HS: Xem trudc ndi dung bai hgc

C TitN TRiNH DAY- HOC

Hogt dgng cua GV Hogt dgng cda HS

Hogt dgng 1

I VI TRI TRONG B A N G T U A N H O A N , C A U HINH ELECTRON

NGUYEN Tiy

GV yeu cau HS

- Viet cau hinh ciia nguyen tir sat biet

sat CO sd hieu nguyen tir la 26, tir dd

suy ra vi tri cua sat trong bang tuan

hoan

- Vilt ciu hinh dang obitan, tir cau

hinh obitan du doan kha nang nhuong

electron cua nguyen tir sat

GV chieu len man hinh cho HS quan

sat mgt mau sat kim loai (bay cd the

cho HS quan sat mdt mau sat kim loai

da cao sach ldp oxit) Yeu cau HS neu

tinh chat vat li cua Fe

GV bo sung:

- Nhiet do nong chay ciia sat la

1540°C

- Sat CO tinh nhiem tir (bi nam cham

hiit va CO tir tinh)

HS quan sat va nhan xet:

Sdt la kim loai mau trang hai xam, deo,

dai, de ren, nhiet do nong chay kha cao din nhiet, dan dien tot

Hogt dgng cua GV Hogt dgng cda HS

- Sat cd khdi lugng rieng Idn la 7,9

gam/cm (la kim loai nang)

Hogt dgng 3

III TINH C H A T H O A H O C

GV gidi thieu: Khi tham gia phan ling

boa hgc, nguyen tir sat nhudng 2

electron d phan ldp 4s, khi tac dung

vdi chat oxi boa manh thi sat nhudng

them 1 electron d phan Idp 3d tao ra

T, 2+ T, 3 +

cac ion Fe , Fe

Yeu cau HS viet cac qua trinh nhudng

electron ciia nguyen tir Fe

HS nghe giang, ghi bai

HS viet qua trinh nhudng electron ciia Fe:

Fe Fe^^+2e

3+

Fe —> Fe + 3e (vdi chat oxi boa manh)

1 Tac dung vol phi kim

a) Tdc dung v&i luu huynh

GV yeu ciu HS xac dinh S la chat oxi HS nhan xet: S la phi kim boat dgng

trung binh nen phan ung vdi Fe tao mudi sit (II)

Fe + S -^-^ FeS

hoa manh hay yeu? Vilt phuong trinh

hoa hoc cua S vdi Fe d nhiet do cao

b) Tdc dung v&i oxi

GV nhan xet la phi kim boat ddng

manh d nhiet do cao Khi oxi tac dung

vdi Fe thudng tao ra hdn hgp nhieu

san pham nhu Fe203, Fe304 yeu cau

HS viet cac phuong trinh boa hgc

HS thao luan viet cac phuong trinh boa hoc

4Fe + 302

3Fe + 2O2

-^ 2Fe203

-> Fe304

Hogt dgng ciia GV Hogt dgng cda HS

c) Tdc dung v&i clo

GV gidi thieu clo la chat oxi boa

manh yeu cau HS du doan san pham

va viet phuang trinh boa hoc

Vi clo la chit oxi boa manh nen tao san phim la muli sit (III)

0 0

Fe + Ch

+3 -1

->FeCl3

2 Tac dung voi axit

a) V&i dung dich HCl, H2SO4 loang

GV yeu cau HS nhan xet ve tinh oxi

boa cua dung dich HCl va H2SO4

loang tir d6 du doan san pham cua

phan ung vdi sat, viet phuong trinh

boa hoc minh hoa

b) V&i dung dich HNO3 vd H2SO4 ddc

GV yeu cau HS nhan xet ve tinh oxi

boa cua dung dich FINO3 va H2SO4

dac tir do du doan san pham cua phan

img vdi sat, viet phuong trinh boa hgc

minh hoa

HS thao luan va nhan xet:

- Tinh oxi hoa cua axit HCl va H2S04 loang la do ion H cd tinh oxi hoa trung binh Nen san pham cua phan ung la muoi sat(II) va khi hidro

- Phuong trinh hoa hgc

Fe + HCl -^ FeCl2 + H2

Fe + H2SO4 loang -^ FeS04 + H2

- Tinh oxi boa cua axit HNO3 va H2SO4 dac la do nguyen td N S cd tinh oxi hoa manh Nen san pham cua phan img

la mudi sat(III) va san pham khir cua

Hogt dgng cua GV

GV bo sung: Sat gidng nhom bi thu

ddng boa (khong tac dung) vdi

HNO3, H2SO4 dac ngudi nen co the

dung thiing sat de chuyen chd axit dac

ngugi noi tren

Hogt dgng cda HS

3 Tac dung voi dung dich muoi

GV la thi nghiem: Cho mgt bgt sat

vao

dung dich CUCI2 lac kT yeu cau HS:

- Quan sat

- Neu hien tugng

- Viet phuang trinh boa hgc minh

boa

GV lull y HS: Sat tac dung vdi dung

dich muoi tuan theo quy tac a

HS quan sat thi nghiem va cho nhan xet

- Hien tugng: Thay dung dich CuCl2 nhat mau dan

2+

- Giai thich: Do Fe khir Cu thanh Cu

- Phuong trinh boa hgc

Fe + CuCb -^ FeCl2 + Cu

Fe + Cu^^ ^ Fe^" + Cu

4 Tac dung voi nwdc

GV gidi thieu:

- 0 nhiet do thudng sat khdng tac

dung vdi nude

- 0 nhiet do cao t° > 570°C thi sit

khir hai nude thanh sat (11) oxit

- 6 nhiet do cao t° < 570''c thi sit

khir hai nude thanh sat tir oxit

(Fe304)

Yeu cau HS viet phan ung boa hgc

HS nghe giang, ghi bai vk viet phuong

trinh hoa hgc:

Fe + H2O '"^"°"^ ) FeO + H2

3Fe + 4H2O '"^""'-^ > Fe304 + 4H2

167

Hogt dgng cda GV Hogt dgng cda HS

Hogt dgng 4

IV TRANG T H A I TlT NHIEN

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK yeu ciu

HS nhan xet ve:

- Ham lugng sat trong vo qua dit

- Dang ton tai eiia nguyen to sit

- Neu mgt so quang quan trgng cua

sat

GV gidi thieu them: Sit con cd trong

mau, trong cac thien thach chiia sit tu

do

HS nghien ciiu SGK va nhan xet:

- Sat chiem khoang 5%> kbli lugng vo qua dat

- Trong tu nhien sit tdn tai chii ylu d dang hgp chit

- Mdt so quang ciia sat + Quang manhetit (Fe304) hilm cd trong

tu nhien

+ Quang hematit (Fe203) cd 2 dang hematit do (Fe203) va hematit nau (Fe203.nH20)

+ Quang xederit FeC03 + Quang pirit FeS2

Hogt dgng 5

CUNG CO B A I V A B A I TAP VE N H A

GV chieu cac bai tap sau len man hinh

cho HS thao luan ciing c l ndi dung

bai hoc:

3+

Bai 1 Cation kim loai M cd ciu binh

electron cua phan ldp ngoai ciing la

3d Vay cau hinh electron cua M la

A ls^2s^2p^3s^3p''3d^4s^

HS quan sat theo luan cho kit qua

Bai 1 Chgn dap an A

Hogt dgng cua GV

B ls'2s^2p*'3s^3p^3d**

C ls^2s^2p'^3s^3p^4s^3d^

D ls^2s^2p^3s^3p^3d'4s^4p'

Bai 2 Hoa tan 16,8g Fe vao dung dich

HNO3 thu dugc 4,48 lit khi NO duy

nhat Co can dung dich thu dugc s l

gam muoi khan la

A 48,4g B 72,6g

C 54,0g D 36,0g

Bai 3 Hoa tan hit 0,5g hon hgp Fe va

kim loai M (boa tri II) vao dung dich

H2SO4 loang thu dugc 1,12 lit khi

(dktc) Kim loai M la

A Zn B Mg

C Be D Ca

Bai 4 Cho hon hgp Fe va Cu tac dung

vdi dung dich HNO3, phan ling xong

thu dugc dung dich A chi chiia 1 chit

tan Chat tan do la

5 Dat UM = X (mol) -^ npe = 3x (mol)

Phuong trinh boa hgc:

Bai 32 HOP CHAT CUA SAT

A MUC TIEU B A I H O C

1 Ki§n thu'c

HS biit:

• Tinh chat ca ban ciia hgp chat sat (II) va hgp chat sat (III)

• Cach dilu cbl Fe(0H)2 va Fe(0H)3

• Biet img dung va phuong phap dieu che mgt so hgp chat sat

• Tir cau tao nguyen tir, phan tir va mire oxi boa suy ra tinh chat

• Giau bai t^p ve hgp chat sat

3 Tinh cam, thai do

Hgp chat sat cd nhieu tinh chat mdi la nhu phan img chuyen tir sat(II) hidroxit thanh sat (III) hidroxit trong khdng khi lam tang su ham tim hieu ciia HS

B C H U A N Bj CUA GV VA HS

• GV: - Hoa chat: Dinh sat, bdt dong, dung dich HCl, dung dich FeCl3, dung

dich NaOH

- Dung cu: dng nghiem, gia thi nghiem, den con

• HS: Xem trudc ndi dung bai hgc

C TI^N TRJNH DAY- HOC

I HOP C H A T S A T (II)

Hogt dgng 1

GV yeu cau HS neu cac so oxi boa

eiia sat tii' d6 du doan tinh chat cua

hgp chat Fe(II)

HS thao luan cho ket qua

- Sat CO cae sd oxi boa thudng gap la

0,+2,+3

Hogt dgng cua GV

GV yeu cau HS neu cac hgp chit

sat(II) thudng gap

Hogt dgng cda HS

- Hgp chat sit(II) cd so oxi boa trung gian

nen cd tinh chit boa hgc dac trung la tinh khir va tinh oxi boa

HS nhan xet: Hgp chit sit (II) thudng gap

la FeO, Fe(0H)2, FeC^, FeS04

1 s i t (II) oxit

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK yeu

cau HS neu:

- Tinh chat vat li cua FeO

- Tinh khir, tinh oxi boa ciia FeO

viet phuang trinh boa hgc minh boa

- Neu cac phucmg phap diu cbl

FeO

GV bo sung: ngoai phuang phap

tren co the tao ra FeO bang nhilu

each nhu

HS nghien ciiu SGK va nhan xet

- Tinh chat vat li: FeO la chat rin mau den, khdng CO trong tu nhien

- Tinh khir: FeO cd tinh khir kha manh tac dung dugc vdi nhieu chat oxi boa

4FeO + O2 - ^ ^ 3Fe203 3FeO+10HNO3^3Fe(NO3)3+NO+5H2O (3FeO+NO3"+10H%3Fe^^ + N 0 + 5H2O)

- Tinh oxi boa: FeO the hien tinh oxi hoa khi tac dung vdi chit khir manh nhu H2, CO d nhiet do cao

FeO + H2 -^-^ Fe + H2O

FeO + CO ^ - ^ Fe + CO2

- Dieu che: FeO bang each dung H2 hay

CO khir Fe203 d nhiet do cao

Fe203 + H2 - ^ ^ 2FeO + H2O

Fe203 + CO ^ ^ 2FeO + CO2

Hogt dgng cua GV

Fe(0H)2 ^ ^ FeO + H2O

Fe304 + H2 — ^ ^ 3FeO + H2O

ydu c~u HS ndu:

- Tinh chat vat li cua Fe(0H)2

- Tinh chat boa hgc ciia Fe(0H)2

- Phuong phap dieu che cua

Fe(0H)2

GV bo sung:

- Muon dieu che dugc Fe(0H)2 tinh

khiet thi phai tien hanh trong dieu

kien khdng c6 khdng khi

- Khi nung Fe(0H)2 trong khong

khi thi thu dugc Fe203

2Fe(OH)2 ^°^ ) Fe203 + 2H2O

HS nghien ciiu SGK va nhan xet

- Sat (II) hidroxit nguyen chat la chat ran

mau trang hai xanh, khdng tan trong nude

va de chuyen thanh mau nau trong khdng khi

- Fe(0H)2 cd tfnh khir de bj oxi khdng khi oxi hoa theo phan irng, de phan buy bdi nhiet

4Fe(OH)2 + O2 + 2H2O > 4Fe(OH)3 (Trang xanh) (Nau)

Fe(0H)2 ^"""t"'"^ > FeO + H2O

- Dieu che Fe(0H)2 bang each cho mudi sat (II) tac dung vdi dung dich kiem

Fe^^ + 20H" ->Fe(0H)2

Hogt dgng cda GV Hogt dgng cda HS

Hogt dgng 3

3 Muoi s i t (II)

GV chieu len man hinh trang thai

ciia mgt so muoi: FeCl2.4H20

FeS04.7H20 va thi nghiem boa

tan muoi trong nude yeu cau HS

nhan xet tinh chat vat li cua mudi

sit (II)

GV yeu cau HS du doan tinh chat

boa hgc ciia muoi sat (II) va viet cac

phan img boa hgc minh hoa

GV nhan xet va yeu cau HS hoan

thanh sa do phan ung sau

FeS04 + KMn04 + H2SO4 ->

Fe2(S04)3+ MnS04 + K2SO4 + H2O

GV yeu cau HS neu cac phuang

phap dieu che mudi sit (II)

HS quan sat va nhan xet: mudi sat(II) thudng d dang muli kit tinh ngam nude, tan tot trong nude

HS thao luan cho ket qua Trong mudi sat (11) thi sat cd sd oxi hoa trung gian +2 nen cd tinh oxi boa va tinh khir, ngoai ra cdn cd tinh chat chung ciia muoi

- Tinh khir: Fe -^ Fe + e 2FeCl2 + CI2 ^ 2FeCl3

- Tinh oxi boa: Fe + 2e —> Fe

M g + FeCl2 ^ M g C l 2 + Fe

- Tinh chat ciia mudi

FeCl2 + 2NaOH -^ Fe(0H)2^^ +2NaCl FeS04 + BaCl2 -^ FeCb + BaS04 4-

HS thao luan va hoan thanh sa dd

10FeSO4 + 2KMn04 + 8H2SO4->

5Fe2(S04)3 + 2MnS04 + K2SO4 + 8H2O

- Phuang phap dieu che: Mudi sat (II) dieu che bang each

Fe + 2HCI -^ FeCl2 + H2 FeO + H2SO4 -^ FeS04 + HjO

Hogt dgng cda GV

GV luu y HS: Mudi sit(Il) dilu chi

xong thi sir dung ludn dl lau trong

khdng khi se chuyen dan sang muoi

GV yeu cau HS du doan tinh chat

cua hgp chat Fe(IlI)

GV yeu cau HS neu cac hgp chat sat

(III) thudng gap

HS thao luan cho ket qua

- Trong mudi sat (III) thi sat co sd oxi boa +3 (sd oxi boa cao) nen mudi sat (III) cd tfnh oxi boa manh

1- 3+ , T- 2 +

Fe + e ->• Fe

r 3+ , - „ 0

Fe + 3e ^ Fe

HS nhan xet: Hgp chat sat (III) thudng gap

la Fe203, Fe(0H)3, FeCl3

1 s a t (III) oxit

GV cho HS quan sat mau Fe203 va

yeu cau HS neu tfnh chat vat li ciia

sit(III) oxit

GV yeu cau HS du doan tinh chat

hoa hgc ciia sat (III) oxit va neu cac

phuang phap dieu che sat (III) oxit

HS quan sat va nhan xet

- Sat (III) oxit la chat ran mau nau dd khdng tan trong nude

- Sat (III) oxit CO tinh oxi hoa cua Fe va tinh chat cila oxit baza

+ Tinh oxi boa:

Fe203 + 3H2 ^ ^ Fe + 3H2O

Fe203 + 2A1 — ^ AI2O3 + 2Fe

Fe203 + 3C0 - ^ ^ Fe + 3CO2 + Tinh chat ciia oxit baza

Hogt dgng cua GV

GV nhan xet va bo sung:

- Sat (III) oxit ed trong tir nhien

dudi dang quang hematit

- Co the tao ra Fe203 bang nhieu

- Can phan biet phuong phap dilu

che vdi each tao ra Fe203

- Sat tir oxit Fe304 co the bieu dien

bang FeO.Fe203 nen sat tir oxit co

tinh chat cua FeO va Fe203

GV yeu cau HS viet phan img cua

Fe304 vdi dung dich HCl tir do vilt

phan ling tdng quat ciia FcxOy vdi

dung dich HCl

Hogt dgng cda HS Fe203 + 6HCI > 2FeCl3 + 3H2O

- Dieu che: sit (III) oxit dugc dieu che tir Fe(0H)3

Fe(0H)3 -^ Fe203 + H2O

HS viet phan img boa hgc Fe304 + 8 H C 1 ^ FeCb + 2FeCl3 + 4H2O

Fe^Oy + 2yHCl-> xFeCby/x + yH20

Hogt dgng 5

2 s i t (III) hidroxit

GV lam thi nghiem: cho tir tir dung

dich NaOH va dung dich FeCIs cho

HS quan sat Yeu ciu HS neu hien

tugng, giai thich va viet phan ung

hoa hoc

HS quan sat thf nghiem va nhan xet

- Hien tugng: Co ket tiia mau nau do (khdng tan trong nude)

- Giai thich do FeCls phan ling vdi NaOH tao ra ket tua Fe(0H)3

Hogt dgng cda GV

GV yeu cau HS neu tinli chat boa

hgc cua Fe(0H)3

Hogt dgng ciia HS

- Phan img boa hgc

FeCl3 + 3NaOH > Fe(0H)3 +3NaCl

- S i t (III) h i l r o x i t cu t d n h ch_^t c a m7.t b a z i k h u n g t a n

+ Tac dung vdi dung dich axit Fe(0H)3 + 3HCI ^ FeClj + HjO + Phan buy bdi nhiet

Fe(0H)3 -> Fe203 + H2O

Hogt dgng 6

3 Muoi s i t (III)

GV gidi thieu: Da sd cac mudi

sit(lll) tan trong nude, khi ket tinh

thudng ngam nude Vi du:

FeCl3.6H20

GV yeu ciu HS du doan tinh chat

hoa hgc ciia mudi sat(Ill)

GV lam cac thi nghiem cho HS

quan sat:

TNI: cho mgt it bdt sat vao dung

dich FeCl3 lac nhe

HS ghi bai

HS thao luan va nhan xet

- Muli sit(IIl) CO sat +3 nen cd tfnh oxi

2+

hoa manh tr 3+ ,

Fe + e Fe^^ + 3e

-Fe Fe' 0

- Tinh chat chung cua muoi

HS quan sat, thao luan cho ket qua

TNI: Khi cho mgt it bdt sat vao dung dich FeCl3 thay bdt sat tan dan ddng thdi thay mau nau (vang) nhat dan Do Fe phan irng vdi muli FeCl3 theo phuang trinh

Fe + FeCl3 > FeCb

TN2: Khi cho mgt it bdt ddng vao dung dich FeCl3 thay bgt ddng tan dan dong thdi

177

Hogt dgng cda GV

TN2: cho mgt It bdt sat vao dung

dich FeCl3 lie nhe

Yeu cau HS neu hien tugng, giai

thich va viet phan ung hoa hgc minh

boa

GV nhan xet:

- Thong qua phan ung tren thiy

muoi sat(III) co tinh oxi boa manh

- Ngoai ra muoi sat (III) cdn oxi

boa dugc nhieu chit khir khac nhu:

KI (HI), H2S, Mg, Al yeu ciu HS

viet cac phan ling boa hgc

Hogt dgng cda HS

thay dung dich cd mau xanh cua muoi d6ng(ll) Do Cu phan ling vdi mudi FeCl3 tap ra CuCl2 va FeCb theo phuong trinh

Cu + 2FeCl3 > FeCb + CuCb

HS viet phan ung boa hgc dudi su hudng dan ciia GV

-^2FeCl2 + 2HCl + l2 ->2FeCl2 + 2HCl + S

2HI + 2FeCl3 H2S + 2FeCl3

Mg + 2FeCl3 > FeCl2 + MgCl2 3Mgdu + 2FeCl3 > 2Fe + 3MgCl2

Hogt dgng 7

CUNG CO BAI VA BAI TAP VE N H A

GV Phat cac phieu hgc tap sau cho

HS thao luan ciing co noi dung bai

hgc

Phieu 1 Dung dich FeS04 lam mit

mau dung dich nao trong cac dung

dich sau:

A Dung dich KMn04/H2S04

B Dung dich K2Cr207/H2S04

C Dung dich Br2

D Ca ba dung dich tren

Phieu 2 Cho lin lugt 23,2 g Fe304

va 5,6 g Fe vao mgt dung dich HCl

0,5M Thi tfch dung dich HCl tii

HS thao luan cho ket qua

Phieu 1 Chgn dap an D

Phieu 2 Chgn dap an B

Phieu 3 Cho dung dich chiia FeC^

va ZnCl2 tac dung vdi dung dich

NaOH du, sau dd lay ket tua nung

trong khong khi den khoi lugng

khong doi thu dugc chat ran gdm:

A Fe203 B FeO

C FeO, ZnO D Fe203, ZnO

Phieu 4 Cho sa do phan img:

Fe304 + HNO3 ->Fe(N03)3 + NO

+N2O + H2O

Biet ty le so mol ciia NO va N2O la

1: 2 Tong he so tdi gian cua Fe304

va HNO3 trong phuong trinh phan

img tren sau khi can bang phuang

Bai tap ve nha: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (SGK)

D HU'ONG D A N G I A I B A I TAP TRONG SGK

Theo phuong trinh: n^^ = n^ =0,2(mol)

^ V^ =0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lit)

3 Chgn dap an B

Fe + CUSO4 -> FeS04 + H2

56 (gam) > 64 (gam) tang 64 - 56 = 8 (gam)

X (gam) < tang 4,2857 - 4 = 0,2857 (gam)

Bai 33 HOP KIM CUA S A T

A MUC TIEU BAI H O C

1 Ki§n thu'c

HS biit:

• Thanh phan, tinh va irng dung cua gang, thep

• Nguyen tac va quy trinh san xuit gang, thep

• Biet nguyen lieu va mdt sd phuang phap luyen thep

2 KTnang

• Phan biet gang, thep

• Giai bai tap lien quan din gang, thep

3 Tinh cam, thai do

Thong qua qua trinh san xuit gang, thep lam cho HS bilt quy trgng hgp kim sat

B C H U A N B! C U A GV VA HS

• GV: Tranh ve: Lo Bet-xa-me, Id Mae-tanh, 16 dien

• HS: Xem trudc ndi dung bai hgc

C TI^N TRiNH DAY- HOC

I GANG

Hogt dgng 1

1 Khai niem

GV cho HS nghien cim SGK va yeu

cau HS neu khai niem gang

GV neu cac cau hdi sau cho HS thao

luan:

- Co t>ao nhieu loai gang

- Gang trang khac gang xam d nhung

2 Phan loai

HS thao luan va nhan xet

Cd hai loai gang: Gang tring va Gang xam

a) Gang xam la gang chira nhilu cacbon

d dang than chi va silic Tinh chat: it ciing va ft gidn Lfng dung: dimg dl due be may ong nude, canh cira

Hogt dgng cua GV Hogt dgng cda HS

b) Gang trdng la gang chiia it cacbon va

cacbon chii yeu d dang xementit Fe3C Tfnh chit: co mau sang, rat ciing va gidn

ling dung: dung chu yeu dl luyen thep

Hogt dgng 3

3 San xuat gang

a) Nguyin tac

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK va yeu

cau HS neu nguyen tac san xuat gang

HS nghien cim SGK va nhan xet

Nguyin tdc sdn xudt gang: Khir oxit sat

bang than coc trong 16 cao

b) Nguyin lieu

GV: Tir nguyen tac yeu cau HS neu

nguyen lieu san xuat gang

GV nhan xet va bo sung:

- Quang de san xuat gang thudng la:

Hematit dd (Fe203), hematit nau

(Fe203.nH20) va manhetit (Fe304)

Quang pirit (FeS2) khdng dimg de san

xuat gang vi chira nhieu luu huynh

- Ngoai hai nguyen lieu chinh d tren

ngudi ta con dimg them chat chay

CaC03 hoac Si02 de ha thap nhiet do

nong chay va tao xi

GV chieu len man hinh bai tap sau cho

HS thao luan

HS thao luan cho ket qui

- Quang sat

- Than coc

Hogt dgng cua GV

HS thao luan Chgn dap an B

Bai tap: Trong cac quang (da tach tap

chit) sau: Fe203, Fe304, FeS2, FeC03

quang nao cd gia tri san xuit gang nhit

(ham lugng sat cao nhit)

A Fe203 B Fe304

C FeS2 D FeC03

c) Cdc phan ung hod hgc xay ra trong qud trinh luyen quang thdnh gang

Hogt dgng cua HS

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK yeu ciu

HS neu cac phan ling xay ra trong qua

trinh luyen gang

GV chia HS thanh cac 3-4 nhdm va

yeu cau cac nhom thao luan cac noi

dung sau:

Nhdm 1: Neu cac phan ling tao thanh

chit khir CO

Nhdm 2: Neu cac phan ung khir sit oxi

d cac nhiet do khac nhau

HS thao luan cd 3 giai doan phan ung trong qua trinh luyen quang thanh gang

- Phan ling tao thanh chit khir CO

- Phan ling khir sat oxit

- Phan ling tao xi

HS cac nh6m tien hanh thao luan dudi

su dan dat cua GV cho kit qua

Nhom 1: Phan ung tao thanh chit khir

CO d phan tren cua noi 16

- Khong khi ndng dugc nen vao dot chay cacbon C + O2 — ^ CO2

- Nhiet lugng phan ling tao ra lam nhiet

do tang din khoang 1800°C thi

CO2 + C - ^ 2C0

- Do phan ling thu nhiet nen d bung Id nhiet do cdn khoang 1300*^0

Nhdm 2: Phan ung khir sit oxit

- Phan tren than 16 d nhiet do khoang

400 C thi xay ra phan ling

Fe203 + CO ^ ^ Fe304 + CO2

Hogt dgng cua GV

Nhom 3: Neu cac phan img tao xi

GV bo sung: Xi tao ra nhe hon gang

noi len tren ngan can sat tao ra tac

dung vdi oxi khong khi

Hogt dgng cua HS

- Phan giira than Id d nhiet do khoang

700°C-800"C thi xay ra phan ling

Fe304 + CO ^ ^ FeO + CO2

- Phan dudi than Id d nhiet do khoang 500°C-600°C thi xay ra phan img

F P D + cn '" •> Vf + r o - ,

r c w 1 v^w r r e i^ v>v^2

Nhdm 3: Phan img tao xi

0 phin bung 16 nhiet do khoang 1000 C thi da vdi phan buy

CaC03 ^ ^ CaO + CO2 Sau dd tao xi vdi Si02

CaO + Si02 > CaSi03

d) Sir tgo thdnh gang

GV yeu cau HS nhom 4 cho biet su tao

thanh gang

HS thao luan cho ket qua

- 0 nhiet do 1300 C Sit ndng chay co hoa tan 1 phan cacbon va cac nguyen to

Si, Mn tao thanh gang

- Gang tao thanh tich tu d day Id Sau 1 thdi gian nhat djnh ngudi ta thao gang

va xi ra khdi Id cao

II THEP

Hogt dgng 4

1 Khai niem

GV gidi thieu: Thep la hgp kim ciia

sat chira tir 0,01-2% khdi lugng

HS nghe GV gidi thieu va nhan xet

Hogt dgng cua GV

cacbon ciing mgt so nguyen to khac

Yeu cau HS so sanh thanh phan gang

vdi thep

Hogt dgng cua HS

So sanh gang vdi thep:

- Gidng nhau: Deu la hgp kim ciia sat

vdi cacbon va mgt so nguyen to khac

- Khdc nhau: Gang chiia tir 2-5%) khdi

lugng cacbon na thep chi cd 0,01-2% khdi lugng C

Hogt dgng 5

2 Phan loai

GV gidi thieu: Dua va thanh phan cua

thep ngudi ta chia thep thanh thep

thudng va thep dac biet

a) Thep thudng

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK va yeu

cau neu

- Thanh phan ciia thep thudng

- Cach phan loai thep thudng va irng

dung ciia cac loai thep thudng

HS nghien ciru SGK va nhan xet

- Thep thudng la sat va cacbon la chii yeu c6n ggi la thep cacbon

- Thep thudng chia lam 2 loai

+ Thep mim (%C < 0,1%) thep mIm de

gia cong nen dimg de keo sgi, can thep la

+ Thep cicng (%C > 0,9%) Thep cimg

diing de che tao vdng bi, vo xe bgc thep

b) Thep dgc biit

GV yeu cau HS khac neu

- Thanh phan cua thep dac biet

HS nhan xet

- Thep dac biet cd them mdt sd nguyen

Hogt dgng ciia GV

Mgt so loai thep dac biet quan trgng

Hogt dgng cda HS

td khac la cho thep co tinh chat dac biet

- Mdt s l loai thep da biet + Thep chiia 13%) Mn rit ciing lam may nghien da

+ Thep chiia 20% Cr va 10% Ni rit ciing

va khdng gi (thep inox) lam dung cu y

te, dung cu gia dinh

+ Thep chiia 18% W va 5% Cr rit ciing dugc dimg cbl tao may cit ggt kim loai

Hogt dgng 6

3 San xuat thep

a) Nguyin tdc

GV: Tir thanh phan cua gang va thep

yeu eau HS neu nguyen tic san xuit

thep tir gang

b) Cdc phuang phdp luyen thep

GV gidi thieu tuy va phuong phap

luyen thep ma ngudi ta chia la ba

phuang phap chinh

GV chia HS thanh 3-4 nhdm, chilu

len man hinh tranh anh hay doan video

clip ve qua trinh luyen thep (hoac cho

HS nghien ciiu SGK)

HS thao luan va nhan xet

- Gang cd 2 - 5%) C va cac nguyen t l khac

- Thep cd 0,01 - 2% C va cac nguyen t l khac

=> Nguyen tac san xuat thep: lam giam ham lugng cac tap chit nhu C, Mn, Si trong gang

Hogt dgng cda GV Hogt dgng cda HS

Phuang phdp Bet-xa-me

GV yeu cau HS nhom 1 neu

- Dac diem cua phuong phap

Bet-xa-me

- Uu, nhugc diem cua phuong phap

Bet-xa me

HS nhom 1 thao luan cho ket qua

- Dgc diim la dung oxi khdng khi nong

dit chay cac tap chat trong gang tao thanh thep

- Ifu diem: Thdi gian luyen thep nhanh,

thiet bi don gian, ft tdn kem gia thanh re

- Nhugc diim: Khong luyen dugc thep

tir gang chiia nhieu photpho va khdng luyen dugc thep cd thanh phan theo y muon

Phuang phdp Mac-tanh

GV yeu ciu HS nhom 2 neu

- Dac dilm ciia phuang phap

Mac-tanh

- Uu, nhugc diem cua phuang phap

Mac-tanh

GV yeu cau HS nhdm 3 neu

- Dac diem cua phuong phap Id dien

- Uu, nhugc dilm cua phuong phap Id

dien

HS nhdm 2 thao luan cho ket qua

- Ddc diim la dung nhieu nguyen lieu

de luyen thep

- JJu diim: Luyen dugc thep cd thanh

phin theo y muon, khoi lugng mdi me thep Idn

- Nhugc diim: Qua trinh luyen thep keo

dai 6-8 gid

Phuang phdp lb diin

HS nhdm 3 thao luan cho ket qua

- Ddc diim la Sir dung nhiet lugng tir

d6ng dien giiia 2 dien cue bang cacbon

- Uu diim: Luyen dugc cac loai thep

dac biet ma thanh phan cd kim loai khd ndng chay nhu W, Cr, Mo

- Nhugc diim: KhIi lugng mdt me thep

nhd Tdn nang lugng

187

Hogt dgng cda GV Hogt dgng cua HS

Hogt dgng 7

CUNG CO BAI VA BAI TAP VE N H A

GV chieu cac bai tap sau len man hinh

cho HS thao luan ciing co ndi dung bai

hgc:

Bai 1 Hgp kim ciia Fe cd tir 0,01%)

->2%)C va mgt lugng rit ft Si, Mn,

D Pyrit sat va dolomit

Bai 3 Nguyen lieu diing dl san xuat

gang la

A Quang sit, oxi nguyen chit, than da

B Quang sit, than coc, chit chay,

khong khi

C Quang sit, chit chay, than da

D Quang sit, khong khi, than da

Bai 4 Trong qua trinh luyen thep, chu

yeu xay ra cac phan img la

A Khir Fe203 thanh Fe

B Oxi hoa cac nguyen t l C, S, P Si

Hogt dgng cda GV

C Oxi boa FeO

D Tao chit khir CO

Hogt dgng cua HS

Bai tap ve nha: 1, 2 3, 4, 5 6 (SGK)

D HU'ONG D A N G I A I B A I TAP TRONG SGK

Bai 34 CROM VA HOP C H A T CUA CROM

A MUC TIEU B A I H O C

1 Ki§n thu'c

HS biit:

• Vi trf ciia crom trong bang tuin hoan, ciu hinh electron nguyen tir

• Tfnh chat vat If va tfnh chat boa hgc ciia crom

• Mgt sd hgp chat ciia crom

HS hiiu:

• Tai sao cau hinh cua crom d trang thai ca ban c6 6 electron ddc than

• Nguyen nhan gay ra tinh oxi hoa manh cua hgp chit crom (VI)

2 KT nang

• Viet phuong trinh boa bilu dien tfnh chit boa hgc ciia crom va hgp chit crom

• Giai bai tap ve crom

3 Tinh cam, thai do

Crom CO tinh chat chung cua sat va hgp chit crom(III) c6 tinh chit chung cua nhdm nhung co nhiing tinh chit rieng cua crom lam cho HS nit ra quy luat cai chung va cai rieng trong boa hgc cung nhu trong cugc song

B C H U A N Bj CUA GV VA HS

• GV: - Bang tuan hoan cac nguyen t l boa hgc

- Hoa chit: Zn, tinh thi K2Cr207, dung dich CrCl3, dung dich HCl, dung dich NaOH, tinh tbi (NH4)2Cr207

- Dung cu: Chen sii, ong nghiem, gia thi nghiem, den cdn

• HS: Xem trudc noi dung bai hgc

C TI^N TRiNH DAY- HOC

Hogt dgng I

I VI TRI TRONG B A N G T U A N H O A N

VA C A u HINH ELECTRON NGUYEN TU^

HS quan sat bang tuin hoan va nhan xet

GV chieu len man hinh bang tuin

hoan yeu cau HS

- Xac dinh so thii tu cua crom

- Viet cau hinh electron nguyen tir

- Xac dinh vi tri cua crom trong

bang tuan hoan

GV luu y HS: Cau hinh crom cd sir

nhay 1 electron tir phan ldp 4s sang

phan Idp 3d de co ciu hinh ban bao

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK va yeu

cau HS neu tinh chat vat li cua crom

HS nghien ciiu SGK va nhan xet Crom la kim loai co mau tring bac, khdi lugng rieng Idn d = 7,2g/cm'^ t°^ =

1890 C, crom la kim loai ciing nhit

GV gidi thieu:

- Crom CO tinh khir manh hon sat

Hogt dgng 3

III TINH C H A T H O A H O C

HS nghe giang va ghi bai

- Trong hgp chat crom co so oxi boa

tir +1 den +6 nhung sd oxi boa bin

thudng gap la +2, +3, +6

Hogt dgng cua GV Hogt dgng cua HS

1 Tac dung vdi phi kim

GV thong bao: crom tac dung vdi

oxi, clo, luu huynh tao ra crom (III)

yeu cau HS viet cac phan ling boa

hoc tren

GV km y: d nhiet do thudng crom

CO ldp oxit bin bao ve (giong nhom)

nen khong tac dung vdi oxi d nhiet

do cao tac dung dugc nhieu phi kim

2 Tac dung vdi nude

GV cho HS nghien cim SGK va yeu

ciu HS giai thich tai sao crom la kim

loai boat ddng nhung trong thuc tl

lai khdng tac dung vdi nude

HS vilt cac phan img boa hgc

- Crom tan tit trong dung dich HCl,

H2SO4 loang tao ra muoi crom (II)

va hidro

- Crom khdng tan trong HNO3,

H2SO4 dac ngudi do c6 Idp oxit ben

bao ve (bi thu dgng boa giong Al,

Fe)

Yeu ciu HS viet phan ting cua crom

vdi dung dich HCl H2SO4 loang

HS nghien cim SGK va nhan xet Tuy la kim loai boat dgng manh nhung do

cd ldp mang oxit bin bao ve (gidng nhdm) Nen trong thu t l crom khdng tac dung vdi nude

3 Tac dung vdi axit

HS nghe giang va vilt phan irng boa hgc

Cr +2HC1

Cr +H2SO4

-> CrCb + H2

—> CrS04 + H2

Hogt dgng cda GV Hogt dgng cua HS

IV HOP CHAT CUA CROM

- Neu tinh chat vat If ciia Cr203

- Viet cac phan img chimg minh

Cr203 la hgp chat ludng tinh

b) Crom (111) hidroxit

GV gidi thieu:

- Cr(0H)3 la chat ran ma liic xam,

khong tan trong nude

- Cr(0H)3 CO tinh chat tuong tu

A1(0H)3 yeu cau HS viet cac phan

img minh hoa cho tinh chit ciia

Cr(0H)3 va phan ling dilu chi

Cr(0H)3

c) Muoi crom (111)

GV lam thi nghiem: cho mgt ft bgt

Zn va dung dich CrCl3 lac kT Sau 1

HS nghien ciru SGK thao luan va nhan xet

- Crom (III) oxit la chat ran mau luc tham, khdng tan trong nude

- Cac phan ting chimg minh Cr203 ludng tinh

Cr203 + 6HC1 —

Cr203+2NaOHdac > 2CrCl3 + 3H2O

- ^ 2 N a C r 0 2 + H 2 0

HS viet phuang trinh hoa hgc

- Phan img phan buy

HS quan sat thi nghiem va nhan xet

- Viet phuong trinh boa hgc dang

phan tir va dang ion

GV luu y HS: Tuy Zn dung trudc Cr

trong day boat dgng boa hgc nhung

3+ 2+

Zn chi khir dugc Cr thanh Cr

GV gidi thieu: Muli NaCr02 bi

brom oxi boa trong moi trudng kiem

tao thanh muoi Na2Cr04 yeu cau HS

viet phuong trinh boa hgc

- Tinh chat vat li cua CrOs

- Tinh chat hoa hgc cua Cr03, viet

phuong trinh hoa hgc minh boa

GV bd sung: Cac axit cua crom chi

ton tai trong dung dich, khdng tach

dugc d trang thai tu do

HS nghien ciiu SGK va nhan xet

- Cr03 la chat ran mau dd tham

Hogt dgng cda GV

b) Muoi crom (VI)

GV cho HS quan sat miu tinh thi

K2Cr04, K2Cr207 hay (NH4)2Cr207

sau do hoa tan vao nude Yeu ciu

HS neu tinh chat vat Ii cua muoi

Cr(VI)

GV gidi thieu: Mudi Cr(VI) co tinh

oxi hoa manh, dac biet trong mdi

trudng axit muli Cr (VI) bi khir

thanh muli Cr (III) Yeu ciu HS

hoan thanh cac so do phan ling sau

K2Cr207 + FeS04 + H2SO4 >

K2Cr207 + HCl -> + CI2+

K2Cr207 + H2S + H2SO4 + S

GV lam thi nghiem:

- Cho 1 it dung dich K2Cr04 Ing

nghiem sau do them vao 1 it dung

dich HCl va lie nhe

HS quan sat va nhan xet

- Mudi dicromat co mau da cam

- Muoi cromat cd mau vang chanh

- Mudi Cr(VI) tan tit trong nude

HS thao luan cho ket qua (Budc 1 viet cac chit san phim, budc 2 can bang oxi hoa khir)

K2Cr207 + 6FeS04 Cr2(S04)3 +3Fe2(S04)3+ K2SO4 + 7H2O

+7H2S04-K2Cr207 + 14HC1 > 2CrCl3 + 3CI2

+ 2KCI + 7H2O K2Cr207 + 3H2S + 4H2SO4 >

Hogt dgng ciia GV

- Cho 1 it dung dich K2Cr207 dng

nghiem sau d6 them vao 1 it dung

dich NaOH va lie nhe

Yeu cau HS quan sat, neu hien

tugng, giai thich,viet phuang trinh

hoa hgc xay ra

GV hudng dan HS giai thich va viet

phuang trinh hoa hgc

Ho

Hogt dgng cua HS

Khi cho dung dich HCl vao dung dich K2Cr04 thi dung dich da cam chuyin sang mau vang (mau nhat ban)

- Gidi thich: trong mdi trudng axit thi

mudi cromat chuyen thanh muoi dicromat

va ngugc lai trong moi trudng baza thi muoi dicromat chuyen thanh mudi cromat (ton tai 1 can bang giua 2 mudi trong dung dich)

- Phuang trinh hoa hgc

2Cr04 + 2H < ^ Cr,07 + H , 0 (mau vang) (mau da cam)

- Cr203, Cr(0H)3 co tinh chat ciia

hgp chat ludng tinh

- Cr03, H2Cr04, H2Cr07 cd tinh

chat ciia oxit axit va axit

GV chieu cac bai tap sau len man

hinh cho HS thao luan ciing co noi

dung bai hgc:

Bai 1 Cation kim loai M c6 cau

hinh electron ciia phan Idp ngoai

ciing la 3d Vay cau hinh electron

ciia M la

HS quan sat theo luan cho ket qua

Bai 1 Chgn dap an D

chat tham gia la

Cau nao bieu dien diing vai trd ciia

cac chat tham gia

Bai tap ve nha: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (SGK)

D HU'ONG D A N G I A I B A I TAP TRONG SGK

2 Chgn dap an C

3 Chgn dap an B

4 a) Crom dong vai tr6 cation: CrCl2, Cr2(S04)3

b) Crom c6 trong thanh phan ciia anion: Na2Cr04, K2Cr207

5 N a ^ C r ^ O ^ — ^ N a 2 0 + C r 2 0 3 + - 0 2

Na2Cr207 chua bi phan huy bet

197

Bai 35. D 6 N G VA HOP CHAT CUA DONG

A MUC TIEU BAI HOC

1 Kidn thu'c

HS biit:

• Vi tri cua dong trong bang tuan hoan, ciu hinh electron nguyen tir

• Tinh chat vat li va tinh chat boa hgc cua dong

• Mgt so hgp chat ciia dong

• Sir dung day the dien cue cua kim loai

• Quan sat, giai thich hien tugng trong cac thi nghiem

• Giai bai tap ve dong

B C H U A N Bj CUA GV VA HS

• GV: - Bang tuan hoan cac nguyen td boa hgc

- Hoa chat: Manh ding, dung dich H2SO4 loang, dung dich H2SO4 dac, dung dich HNO3 lang, dung dich NaOH, dung dich CUSO4

- Dung cu: Ong nghiem, gia thi nghiem, den cin

• HS: Xem trudc noi dung bai hgc

C T I ^ N TRJNH DAY- HOC

Hogt dgng 1

I VI TRI TRONG B A N G T U A N H O A N

VA CAu HINH ELECTRON NGUYEN Tif

GV treo bang tuan hoan len bang hay

chieu len man hinh bang tuin hoan cho

HS quan sat yeu cau HS neu

HS quan sat va nhan xet

Hogt dgng cda GV

- Vi tri cua Cu trong bang tuan hoan

- Viet cau hinh electron

- Cho biet Cu thuoc loai nguyen td gi (s

p, s, f)?

- Xac dinh so oxi boa pho bien trong

hgp chat ciia Cu

- Viet cau hinh electron cua cac ion

GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK va yeu cau

HS lien he thuc te de neu tinh chat vat li

cua dong kim loai

HS nghien ciiu SGK ket hgp vdi kien thiic thuc te cho nhan xet

- Ddng la kim loai mau dd, deo, dai

de keo sgi, dat mong

- Dan nhiet, dan dien tot

- La kim loai nang d = 8,98gam/cm nhiet do n6ng chay 1083 C

Hogt dgng 2

III TINH C H A T H O A HOC

GV yeu cau HS xac dinh vi trf cua Cu

trong day dien hoa cua kim loai Tir do

xac dinh tinh chat boa hgc cua Cu

HS thao luan va nhan xet

Cap Cu /Cu cd vi tri sau cap 2H*/H2

va trudc cap Ag /Ag

=>Cw Id kim logi kem hogt dong, cd tinh khic yiu

Hogt ddng ciia GV Hogt dgng cua HS

GV dat van dl:

- Dong c6 ben trong khong khi hay

khong? Tai sao trong khdng khi ddng

thudng bi phii mgt ldp mang c6 mau

xanh?

Yeu cau HS viet phuang trinh boa hgc

xay ra khi cho Cu tac dung vdi O2,

Ch, S

1 Tac dung voi phi kim

HS thao luan de giai quyet van de:

- Cu phan ung vdi oxi khi dun nong tao CuO bao ve nen Cu khdng bi oxi hoa tiep tuc

2Cu + O2 —^-> CuO (den) Khi tiep tuc dun ndng tdi (800-lOOoV)

CuO + Cu - ^ ^ CU2O (do)

- Tac dung true tiep vdi CI2, S

Cu + CI2 ^ ^ CUCI2

Cu + S — ^ CuS

2 Tac dung vdi axit

GV lam cac thi nghiem:

Thi nghiem 1: Cho bgt Cu vao dung dich

H2SO4 loang lac kT

Thi nghiem 2: Cho bgt Cu vao dung dich

HNO3 loang (hay H2SO4 dac nong) lie

kl

Yeu cau HS quan sat, neu hien tugng

viet phuang trinh hoa hgc de giai thich

hien tugng

HS quan sat thi nghiem va nhan xet

Thi nghiem I: Khi cho bgt Cu vao

dung dich H2SO4 loang thi khong thiy hien tugng gi

2+

Gidi thich vi cap Cu /Cu cd vi tri sau

cap 2H /H2 nen khong cd phan img

Thi nghiem 2: Thiy bgt Cu tan din,

dung dich chuyen sang mau xanh nhat

va dong thdi thiy khi khdng mau boa nau ngoai khong khi

Gidi thich: do HNO3 oxi hoa Cu thanh

muoi Cu" cd mau xanh ddng thdi giai phdng khi NO

Phuong trinh hoa hgc

Hogt dgng cua GV Hogt dgng cua HS

GV luu y HS: Cu khi tac dung vdi axit

HNO3 va H2SO4 dac nong cho nhieu san

phim khir: NO2 NO, SO2

GV bo sung: dung dich AgN03, dung

dich FeCl3 oxi hoa dugc Cu tao muoi

Cu(II) yeu cau HS viet cac phuang trinh

hoa hoc

3Cu + 8HNO3 -> 3Cu(N03)2 + 2 N 0

+4H2O

HS viet phuong trinh hoa hgc

Cu + FeCl3 -> CuCL + FeCb

Cu + 2AgN03 -^ Cu(N03)2 + 2Ag

IV HOP C H A T CUA DONG

Hogt dgng 3

1 Dong (II) oxit

GV lam cac thi nghiem:

- Hoa tan bgt CuO vao nude cat

- Hoa tan bgt CuO vao dung dich HCl

Yeu cau HS quan sat va neu

- Tinh chat vat li ciia CuO

- Dua vao so oxi hoa cua Cu trong CuO

du doan tinh chat hoa hgc cua CuO va

viet cac phuong trinh boa hgc minh boa

GV bo sung CuO cd the khir dugc NH3

theo phuong trinh hoa hgc

3CuO +2NH3 ^ ^ 3Cu +N2 + 3H2O

HS quan sat cac thi nghiem va nhan xet

- Tinh chat: CuO la chat ran mau den, khdng tan trong nude va tan dugc trong dung dich axit

CuO + 2HC1 -^ CuCl2 + H2O

- Trong hgp chat CuO thi Cu cd s l oxi boa +2 la so oxi hoa cao nen CuO

CO tinh oxi hoa

CuO + CO

CuO + H2

^ Cu + CO2

-> Cu + H2O

Hogt dgng cua GV Hogt dgng cua HS

2 Dong (II) hidroxit

GV gidi thieu:

- Cu(0H)2 la chat ket tua mau xanh

khdng tan trong nude, thudng tdn tai d

dang cacbonatbaza ddng:

Cu(OH)2.CuC03

- Cu(0H)2 CO tinh chat cua mgt baza

khong tan Yeu cau HS viet cac phuang

trinh boa hgc minh boa

GV bo sung: Cu(0H)2 khdng tan trong

nude nhung tan dugc trong dung dich

NH3 do tao phiic tan

Cu(0H)2 + 4NH3 -> [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2

HS nghe giang va vilt cac phuang trinh boa hgc

Cu(0H)2 - ^ ^ CuO + H2O

Cu(0H)2 + 2HCI -^ CuCb + H2O

3 Muoi dong (II)

GV cho HS quan sat mgt sd mudi Cu(II)

nhu CUCI2, CUSO4, Cu(N03)2 yeu ciu

HS neu mau cua mudi giai thich?

GV yeu cau HS neu cac tinh chat chung

cua muoi, viet phan ling minh boa cho

tinh chat ciia muoi dong

HS quan sat va nhan xet Mu6i Cu(II) cd mau xanh la do mau

, r^ 2+

cua Cu

- Tinh chat chung ciia mudi

CuCb + 2NaOH -^ Cu(0H)2 + 2NaCl CuCl2+2AgN03 -^ 2AgCU+ Cu(N03)2

Hogt dgng 4

4 lfng dung cua dong va hop chat dong

GV chieu len man hinh cac tranh anh

video clip ve ling dung cua ddng va hgp

chat yeu cau HS neu cac ling dung quan

trgng cua dong va hgp chat

HS quan sat va nhan xet:

HS quan sat theo luan cho ket qua