SLIDE TRAINING - LIQUID REFRIGERANT PUMPING

SUPERHEAT EXISTS IN THE REFRIGERATION CYCLE IN THE EVAPORATOR AFTER THE REFRIGERANT HAS BOILED OFF AND HEAT ENERGY IS CONTINUALLY ADDED FROM THE AIR PASSING THROUGH THE EVAPORATOR COI

THE QUANITY OF HEAT REQUIRED TO

CHANGE THE TEMPERATURE OF ONE

POUND OF WATER ONE DEGREE.

1 BTU ADDED TO 1 LB OF WATER WILL RAISE ITS TEMPERATURE 1 DEGREE F

1 BTU REMOVED FROM 1 LB OF WATER WILL LOWER ITS TEMPERATURE 1 DEGREE

F

1 TON OF ICE MELTING WILL REQUIRE THE ADDITION OF 12000 BTUH THAT EQUALS 1

TON OF REFRIGERATION.

HEAT MOVED FROM THE WARMER OBJECT TO COOLER

BY

CONDUCTION: HEAT ENERGY IS TRANSFERRED BY DIRECT CONTACT BETWEEN TWO

OBJECTS

CONVECTION: HEAT ENERGY IS TRANSFERRED BY

CURRENTS SET IN MOTION BY THE

EXPANSION OF THE WARMER MEDIUM (AIR,WATER, ECT.)

RADIATION: HEAT ENERGY IS TRANSFERRED BY

WAVE MOTION, WITHOUT INTERVIENING WITH THE MEDIUM

SUPERHEAT

HEAT ENERGY THAT IS ADDED TO A SUBSTANCE AFTER IT

HAS COMPLETELY VAPORIZED OR BOILED

SUPERHEAT EXISTS IN THE REFRIGERATION CYCLE

IN THE EVAPORATOR AFTER THE REFRIGERANT HAS BOILED OFF AND HEAT ENERGY IS CONTINUALLY

ADDED FROM THE AIR PASSING THROUGH THE

EVAPORATOR COIL

THE COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE LINE HAS A VERY

HIGH SUPERHEAT DUE TO THE SUCTION SUPERHEAT, THE HEAT FROM THE COMPERSSOR MOTOR, AND THE

HEAT OF COMPRESSION

SATURATED TEMPERATURE

THE TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A VAPOR IS IN

EQUILIBRIUM WITH ITS LIQUID

SATURATED PRESSURE

EQUILIBRIUM WITH ITS LIQUID

THE PRESSURE / TEMPERATURE CHART LISTS

THE SATURATION TEMPERATURES FOR

REFRIGERANTS AT A GIVEN PRESSURE

113

22

12

11 TEMP 502 134a 123

0.0 1.5 3.2 4.9 6.8 8.8 10.9 13.2 15.6 18.3 21.0 24.0 27.1 30.4

9.1 11.8 14.6 17.7 21.0 24.6 28.4 32.5 36.9 41.6 46.7 52.0 57.7 63.7 70.2 76.9 84.1 91.7 99.7 108.2 117.1 126.5 136.4 146.7 157.6 169.0 180.9 193.5 206.5

23.9 28.2 32.8 37.7 43.0 48.7 54.9 61.5 68.5 76.0 84.0 92.5 101.6 111.2 121.4 132.2 143.6 155.7 168.4 181.8 195.9 210.7 226.3 242.7 259.9 277.9 296.8 316.5 337.2

28.2 27.9 27.6 27.2 26.8 26.3 25.8 25.2 24.5 23.8 22.9 22.2 21.0 19.9 18.7 17.3 15.8 14.3 12.5 10.6 8.6 6.4 4.0 1.4

0.7 2.2 3.7 5.4 7.2

31.1 35.9 41.0 46.5 52.5 58.8 65.6 72.8 80.5 88.7 97.4 106.6 116.4 126.7 137.6 149.1 161.2 174.0 187.4 201.4 216.2 231.7 247.9 264.9 282.7 301.4 320.8 341.2 362.6

6.5 9.1 11.9 15.0 18.4 22.1 26.0 30.3 35.0 40.0 45.4 51.1 57.3 63.9 71.0 78.6 86.6 95.1 104.2 113.8 124.1 134.9 146.3 158.4 171.1 184.5 198.7 213.6 229.3

25.9 25.3 24.6 23.7 22.8 21.8 20.7 19.5 18.1 16.6 15.0 13.1 11.2 9.0 6.6 4.0 1.2

0.9 2.5 4.2 6.1 8.1 10.3 12.6 15.1 17.7 20.6 23.6 26.8

VAPOR BUBBLES PRODUCED IN A LIQUID AS ITS PRESSURE IS

REDUCED WITHOUT A REDUCTION IN ITS TEMPERATURE, OR

PRODUCED WHEN HEAT IS ADDED TO A LIQUID WITHOUT AN

INCREASE IN PRESSURE

1% OF FLASH GAS IN THE LIQUID LINE CAN OCCUPY UP TO 17% OF THE VOLUME IN THE EVAPORATOR FLASH GAS THROUGH THE THERMOSTATIC EXPANSION VALVE CAN CAUSE IT TO

“CHOKE” AND NOT FEED PROPERLY FLASH GAS DOES NO

WORK IN THE EVAPORATOR, BUT MUST BE COMPRESSED AGAIN AND WILL OCCUPY SPACE IN THE CONDENSER

OR REMOVED FROM A SUBSTANCE THAT

CHANGES ITS TEMPERATURE

REMOVED FROM A SUBSTANCE CHANGES ITS STATE OR PHASE

AIR CONDITIONING/REFRIGERATION

TAKING HEAT FROM WHERE IT IS OBJECTIONABLE AND MOVING TO WHERE IT IS UNOBJECTIONABLE

SYSTEMS CONSIST OF FOUR MAJOR

VAPOR ZONE

THE CONDENSER IS THE PART OF THE SYSTEM WHERE THE SUPERHEATED

REFRIGERANT ENTERS, AS HEAT IS REMOVED THE REFRIGERANT IS

DESUPERHEATED TO ITS SATURATION TEMPERATURE HEAT IS REMOVED AND THE REFRIGERANT STARTS TO CONDENSE OR CHANGE PHASE TO A LIQUID MORE HEAT IS REMOVED AND THE LIQUID REFRIGERANT IS

SUB COOLED.

DESUPERHEATING

PHASE CHANGE

SUBCOOLING

VAPOR ZONE

THE CONDITION A LIQUID IS AT WHEN ADDITIONAL HEAT ENERGY HAS BEEN REMOVED

AFTER IT HAS CONDENSED TO A LIQUID

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE LIQUID SATURATION TEMPERATURE AND THE MEASURED

TEMPERATURE AT A GIVEN PRESSURE

A SUB COOLED LIQUID WILL NOT HAVE ANY

VAPOR BUBBLES OR FLASH GAS

LIQUID SUBCOOLING IS THE DIFFERENCE

LIQUID SUB COOLING IS OBTAINED BY THE

FOLLOWING

• PROVIDING SPACE IN THE CONDENSER TO REMOVE HEAT

ENERGY (BTUs) FROM THE LIQUID

• PROVIDE AN EXTERNAL TO THE SYSTEM MEANS OF

HEAT EXCHANGE TO REMOVE BTUs FROM THE LIQUID

• PROVIDE AN INTERNAL TO THE SYSTEM MEANS OF HEAT EXCHANGE TO REMOVE BTUs FROM THE LIQUID

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

113

22

12

11 TEMP 502 134a 123

0.0 1.5 3.2 4.9 6.8 8.8 10.9 13.2 15.6 18.3 21.0 24.0 27.1 30.4

9.1 11.8 14.6 17.7 21.0 24.6 28.4 32.5 36.9 41.6 46.7 52.0 57.7 63.7 70.2 76.9 84.1 91.7 99.7 108.2 117.1 126.5 136.4 146.7 157.6 169.0 180.9 193.5 206.5

23.9 28.2 32.8 37.7 43.0 48.7 54.9 61.5 68.5 76.0 84.0 92.5 101.6 111.2 121.4 132.2 143.6 155.7 168.4 181.8 195.9 210.7 226.3 242.7 259.9 277.9 296.8 316.5 337.2

28.2 27.9 27.6 27.2 26.8 26.3 25.8 25.2 24.5 23.8 22.9 22.2 21.0 19.9 18.7 17.3 15.8 14.3 12.5 10.6 8.6 6.4 4.0 1.4

0.7 2.2 3.7 5.4 7.2

31.1 35.9 41.0 46.5 52.5 58.8 65.6 72.8 80.5 88.7 97.4 106.6 116.4 126.7 137.6 149.1 161.2 174.0 187.4 201.4 216.2 231.7 247.9 264.9 282.7 301.4 320.8 341.2 362.6

6.5 9.1 11.9 15.0 18.4 22.1 26.0 30.3 35.0 40.0 45.4 51.1 57.3 63.9 71.0 78.6 86.6 95.1 104.2 113.8 124.1 134.9 146.3 158.4 171.1 184.5 198.7 213.6 229.3

25.9 25.3 24.6 23.7 22.8 21.8 20.7 19.5 18.1 16.6 15.0 13.1 11.2 9.0 6.6 4.0 1.2

0.9 2.5 4.2 6.1 8.1 10.3 12.6 15.1 17.7 20.6 23.6 26.8

210 PSIG

210 PSIG ON OUR P/T CHART = 105F

WE MEASURE 90F WITH OUR THERMOMETER

WE SUBTRACT 90F FROM 105F WE HAVE 15 DEGREES OF SUBCOOLING

SUPERHEATED GAS PHASE CHANGE LIQUID

SUBCOOLER

DISCHARGE HEADER

LIQUID HEADER

SUBCOOLER

LIQUID LINE

LIQUID HEADER INTERMEDIT LIQUID LINE

UNIT MODEL SERIES 30GB 040 045 055 060 070 APPROX OPER WT (lb(kg)) 3780(1715) 4250(1928) 4800(2223) 4900(2223) 6200(2813)

REFRIG CHARGE, R-22 ckt2 ckt1 ckt2 ckt1 ckt2 ckt1 ckt2 ckt1 ckt2 ckt1

TOTAL LBS 40 40 60 38 71 65 85 65 106 71

OVER CLEAR GLASS LBS 18.I 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 20 20 48.1 32.2

THE OVER CHARGING METHOD

OF OBTAINING SUB COOLING

THE CONDENSER IS OVER CHARGED BY THE MANUFACTURE TO

OBTAIN SUB COOLING THE OVER CHARGED REFRIGERANT OCCUPIES

SPACE IN THE CONDENSER THAT SHOULD BE USEDFOR THE PHASE

CHANGE TO TAKE PLACE AT A LOWER PRESSURE

DESUPERHEATING

PHASE CHANGE

SUBCOOLING

REFRIGERANT IN REFRIGERANT OUT

VAPOR ZONE

V

THE THERMOSTATIC EXPANSION VALVE ( TEV ) IS A DEVICE DESIGNED TO REGULATE THE RATE OF LIQUID REFRIGERANT FLOW INTO THE EVAPORATOR IN THE EXACT PROPORTION TO THE RATE OF EVAPORATION OF THE LIQUID REFRIGERANT IN THE EVAPORATOR A THERMOSTATIC EXPANSION VALVE IS TRYING

TO CONTROL SOMETHING THAT HAS ALREADY HAPPENED

FLOW

FLOW

THREE FORCES GOVERN THE OPERATION OF THE THERMOSTATIC EXPANSION VALVE .

•THE SPRING PRESSURE EXERTED ON THE BOTTOM OF THE

DIAPHRAM EQUAL TO THE SUPERHEAT SETTING DESIRED

AS THE LOAD ON THE EVAPORATOR DECREASES THE PRESSURE ON THE TOP OF THE DIAPHRAM BECOMES LESS THE SPRING PRESSURE

AND SUCTION PRESSURE LIFTS THE DIAPHRAM AND THE VALVE

PASSES LESS REFRIGERANT TO THE EVAPORATOR

Thermal bulb FLOW

FLOW Diaphragm

Thermal bulb

AS THE LOAD ON THE EVAPORATOR INCREASES THE PRESSURE FROM THE THERMAL BULB INCREASES AND OVER COMES THE SPRING & SUCTION PRESSURE THIS INCREASE IN PRESSURE AND PUSHES

THE VALVE STEM DOWNWARD FEEDING MORE LIQUID

REFRIGERANT INTO THE EVAPORATOR

FLOW

FLOW Diaphragm

FLOW

FLOW

THERMAL BULB

WHEN THE PRESSURE DROP THROUGH THE EVAPORATOR IS OF ANY CONSEQUENCE THE TEV WILL BE HELD IN A RELATIVELY “ RESTRICTED ”

POSITION AND REDUCE THE SYSTEM CAPACITY THE EXTERNAL

EQUALIZING LINE IS CONNECTED TO THE END OF THE EVAPORATOR AND ALLOWS THE TEV TO HAVE THE SAME PRESSURE APPLIED TO THE

BOTTOM OF THE DIAPHRAM AS THAT WHICH IS APPLIED TO THE TOP

OF THE DIAPHRAM BY THE THERMAL BULB

FLOW

FLOW EQUALIZING LINE

THERMAL BULB

VAPOR ZONE

ADIABATIC COOLING

PHASE CHANGE

SUPERHEAT

VAPOR ZONE

THE PURPOSE OF THE COMPRESSOR IS TO PROVIDE THE PRESSURES IN THE EVAPORATOR

AND THE CONDENSER TO ALLOW THE PHASE CHANGE

TO TAKE PLACE AT THE DESIRED TEMPERATURE.

THE PRESSURE IN THE EVAPORATOR IS MAINTAINED AT A

EXCHANGE MEDIUM

THE PRESSURE IN THE CONDENSER IS MAINTAINED

EXCHANGE MEDIUM

HERMETIC SEMI - OPEN DRIVE

HERMETIC

THE RATIO OF ABSOLUTE SUCTION PRESSURE

TO THE ABSOLUTE DISCHARGE PRESSURE

AN INCREASE IN DISCHARGE PRESSURE

OR A DECREASE IN SUCTION PRESSURE WILL

INCREASE THE COMPRESSION RATIO AND

WORK AND USE MORE ENERGY.

INCREASING THE SUCTION PRESSURE WILL

DECREASE THE COMPRESSION RATIO AND

DISCHARGE PRESSURE

SUCTION PRESSURE

COMPRESSION RATIO AND ENERGY USE GOES DOWN

VAPOR ZONE

HY SAVE LIQUID REFRIGERANT PUMP

MODEL # 809 IND

UP TO 7 1/2 TONS

MODEL # 820 IND

UP TO 27 TONS

0.0 1.5 3.2 4.9 6.8 8.8 10.9 13.2 15.6 18.3 21.0 24.0 27.1 30.4

9.1 11.8 14.6 17.7 21.0 24.6 28.4 32.5 36.9 41.6 46.7 52.0 57.7 63.7 70.2 76.9 84.1 91.7 99.7 108.2 117.1 126.5 136.4 146.7 157.6 169.0 180.9 193.5 206.5

23.9 28.2 32.8 37.7 43.0 48.7 54.9 61.5 68.5 76.0 84.0 92.5 101.6 111.2 121.4 132.2 143.6 155.7 168.4 181.8 195.9 210.7 226.3 242.7 259.9 277.9 296.8 316.5 337.2

28.2 27.9 27.6 27.2 26.8 26.3 25.8 25.2 24.5 23.8 22.9 22.2 21.0 19.9 18.7 17.3 15.8 14.3 12.5 10.6 8.6 6.4 4.0 1.4

0.7 2.2 3.7 5.4 7.2

31.1 35.9 41.0 46.5 52.5 58.8 65.6 72.8 80.5 88.7 97.4 106.6 116.4 126.7 137.6 149.1 161.2 174.0 187.4 201.4 216.2 231.7 247.9 264.9 282.7 301.4 320.8 341.2 362.6

6.5 9.1 11.9 15.0 18.4 22.1 26.0 30.3 35.0 40.0 45.4 51.1 57.3 63.9 71.0 78.6 86.6 95.1 104.2 113.8 124.1 134.9 146.3 158.4 171.1 184.5 198.7 213.6 229.3

25.9 25.3 24.6 23.7 22.8 21.8 20.7 19.5 18.1 16.6 15.0 13.1 11.2 9.0 6.6 4.0 1.2

0.9 2.5 4.2 6.1 8.1 10.3 12.6 15.1 17.7 20.6 23.6 26.8

0.0 1.5 3.2 4.9 6.8 8.8 10.9 13.2 15.6 18.3 21.0 24.0 27.1 30.4

9.1 11.8 14.6 17.7 21.0 24.6 28.4 32.5 36.9 41.6 46.7 52.0 57.7 63.7 70.2 76.9 84.1 91.7 99.7 108.2 117.1 126.5 136.4 146.7 157.6 169.0 180.9 193.5 206.5

23.9 28.2 32.8 37.7 43.0 48.7 54.9 61.5 68.5 76.0 84.0 92.5 101.6 111.2 121.4 132.2 143.6 155.7 168.4 181.8 195.9 210.7 226.3 242.7 259.9 277.9 296.8 316.5 337.2

28.2 27.9 27.6 27.2 26.8 26.3 25.8 25.2 24.5 23.8 22.9 22.2 21.0 19.9 18.7 17.3 15.8 14.3 12.5 10.6 8.6 6.4 4.0 1.4

0.7 2.2 3.7 5.4 7.2

31.1 35.9 41.0 46.5 52.5 58.8 65.6 72.8 80.5 88.7 97.4 106.6 116.4 126.7 137.6 149.1 161.2 174.0 187.4 201.4 216.2 231.7 247.9 264.9 282.7 301.4 320.8 341.2 362.6

6.5 9.1 11.9 15.0 18.4 22.1 26.0 30.3 35.0 40.0 45.4 51.1 57.3 63.9 71.0 78.6 86.6 95.1 104.2 113.8 124.1 134.9 146.3 158.4 171.1 184.5 198.7 213.6 229.3

25.9 25.3 24.6 23.7 22.8 21.8 20.7 19.5 18.1 16.6 15.0 13.1 11.2 9.0 6.6 4.0 1.2

0.9 2.5 4.2 6.1 8.1 10.3 12.6 15.1 17.7 20.6 23.6 26.8

PRESSURE

TEMPERATURE

CHART

TEMP OF REF

0.0 1.5 3.2 4.9 6.8 8.8 10.9 13.2 15.6 18.3 21.0 24.0 27.1 30.4

9.1 11.8 14.6 17.7 21.0 24.6 28.4 32.5 36.9 41.6 46.7 52.0 57.7 63.7 70.2 76.9 84.1 91.7 99.7 108.2 117.1 126.5 136.4 146.7 157.6 169.0 180.9 193.5 206.5

23.9 28.2 32.8 37.7 43.0 48.7 54.9 61.5 68.5 76.0 84.0 92.5 101.6 111.2 121.4 132.2 143.6 155.7 168.4 181.8 195.9 210.7 226.3 242.7 259.9 277.9 296.8 316.5 337.2

28.2 27.9 27.6 27.2 26.8 26.3 25.8 25.2 24.5 23.8 22.9 22.2 21.0 19.9 18.7 17.3 15.8 14.3 12.5 10.6 8.6 6.4 4.0 1.4

0.7 2.2 3.7 5.4 7.2

31.1 35.9 41.0 46.5 52.5 58.8 65.6 72.8 80.5 88.7 97.4 106.6 116.4 126.7 137.6 149.1 161.2 174.0 187.4 201.4 216.2 231.7 247.9 264.9 282.7 301.4 320.8 341.2 362.6

6.5 9.1 11.9 15.0 18.4 22.1 26.0 30.3 35.0 40.0 45.4 51.1 57.3 63.9 71.0 78.6 86.6 95.1 104.2 113.8 124.1 134.9 146.3 158.4 171.1 184.5 198.7 213.6 229.3

25.9 25.3 24.6 23.7 22.8 21.8 20.7 19.5 18.1 16.6 15.0 13.1 11.2 9.0 6.6 4.0 1.2

0.9 2.5 4.2 6.1 8.1 10.3 12.6 15.1 17.7 20.6 23.6 26.8

0.0 1.5 3.2 4.9 6.8 8.8 10.9 13.2 15.6 18.3 21.0 24.0 27.1 30.4

9.1 11.8 14.6 17.7 21.0 24.6 28.4 32.5 36.9 41.6 46.7 52.0 57.7 63.7 70.2 76.9 84.1 91.7 99.7 108.2 117.1 126.5 136.4 146.7 157.6 169.0 180.9 193.5 206.5

23.9 28.2 32.8 37.7 43.0 48.7 54.9 61.5 68.5 76.0 84.0 92.5 101.6 111.2 121.4 132.2 143.6 155.7 168.4 181.8 195.9 210.7 226.3 242.7 259.9 277.9 296.8 316.5 337.2

28.2 27.9 27.6 27.2 26.8 26.3 25.8 25.2 24.5 23.8 22.9 22.2 21.0 19.9 18.7 17.3 15.8 14.3 12.5 10.6 8.6 6.4 4.0 1.4

0.7 2.2 3.7 5.4 7.2

31.1 35.9 41.0 46.5 52.5 58.8 65.6 72.8 80.5 88.7 97.4 106.6 116.4 126.7 137.6 149.1 161.2 174.0 187.4 201.4 216.2 231.7 247.9 264.9 282.7 301.4 320.8 341.2 362.6

6.5 9.1 11.9 15.0 18.4 22.1 26.0 30.3 35.0 40.0 45.4 51.1 57.3 63.9 71.0 78.6 86.6 95.1 104.2 113.8 124.1 134.9 146.3 158.4 171.1 184.5 198.7 213.6 229.3

25.9 25.3 24.6 23.7 22.8 21.8 20.7 19.5 18.1 16.6 15.0 13.1 11.2 9.0 6.6 4.0 1.2

0.9 2.5 4.2 6.1 8.1 10.3 12.6 15.1 17.7 20.6 23.6 26.8

PRESSURE

TEMPERATURE

CHART

SATRUATION TEMP

0.0 1.5 3.2 4.9 6.8 8.8 10.9 13.2 15.6 18.3 21.0 24.0 27.1 30.4

9.1 11.8 14.6 17.7 21.0 24.6 28.4 32.5 36.9 41.6 46.7 52.0 57.7 63.7 70.2 76.9 84.1 91.7 99.7 108.2 117.1 126.5 136.4 146.7 157.6 169.0 180.9 193.5 206.5

23.9 28.2 32.8 37.7 43.0 48.7 54.9 61.5 68.5 76.0 84.0 92.5 101.6 111.2 121.4 132.2 143.6 155.7 168.4 181.8 195.9 210.7 226.3 242.7 259.9 277.9 296.8 316.5 337.2

28.2 27.9 27.6 27.2 26.8 26.3 25.8 25.2 24.5 23.8 22.9 22.2 21.0 19.9 18.7 17.3 15.8 14.3 12.5 10.6 8.6 6.4 4.0 1.4

0.7 2.2 3.7 5.4 7.2

31.1 35.9 41.0 46.5 52.5 58.8 65.6 72.8 80.5 88.7 97.4 106.6 116.4 126.7 137.6 149.1 161.2 174.0 187.4 201.4 216.2 231.7 247.9 264.9 282.7 301.4 320.8 341.2 362.6

6.5 9.1 11.9 15.0 18.4 22.1 26.0 30.3 35.0 40.0 45.4 51.1 57.3 63.9 71.0 78.6 86.6 95.1 104.2 113.8 124.1 134.9 146.3 158.4 171.1 184.5 198.7 213.6 229.3

25.9 25.3 24.6 23.7 22.8 21.8 20.7 19.5 18.1 16.6 15.0 13.1 11.2 9.0 6.6 4.0 1.2

0.9 2.5 4.2 6.1 8.1 10.3 12.6 15.1 17.7 20.6 23.6 26.8