* ALWAYS with progressive: always dùng với thì tiếp diễn để diễn tả sự kiện thường xuyên xảy ra với sự khơng hài lịng hay than phiền Ex: He is always coming to work late.. 3, Past progr
Trang 1ĐÈ CƯƠNG HKII MƠN ANH KHỐI 8
A GRAMMAR
A,TENSES:
1, Present tense (thì hiện tại) 2, Past tenses(Thì quá khứ)
(+)S + Vs/Ves + O (+) S + V-ed / V(2) + O
(-) S + don’t /doesn’t +V + O (-) S + didn’t + V + O
Key words: every, always, usually, often , Key words : last, yesterday, ago…
sometimes………
Ex: My father gets up at five every morning Last year, my family went to Nghe An
3 Present progressive (thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)
(+) S + am/is/are + V-ing Ex: He is reading a book at the moment.
(-) S + am not/isn’t/aren’t +V-ing I’m not studying English now.
(?) Am/Is/Are + S +V-ing…? What are you doing now?
Key words: now, at the moment, at present, today, this week,…
* ALWAYS with progressive: always dùng với thì tiếp diễn để diễn tả sự kiện thường xuyên xảy ra với sự khơng hài
lịng hay than phiền (Ex: He is always coming to work late.)
3, Past progressive (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn)
(+) S + was /were + V-ing Ex: Last night when I was doing homework, the electricity went out.
(-) S + wasn’t /weren’t + V-ing
(?) Was /Were + S + V-ing….? Ex: What were you doing at 2 p.m yesterday?
4, Future tenses(Thì tương lai đơn)
(+) S + will / shall + V + ………… Ex: He will finish his homework tomorrow
(-) S+ won’t / shan’t + V + ……… Lan won’t go to the zoo next week.
(?) Will / Shall + S + V + ……… ? Will you do this exercise ?
Key words : tomorrow, next, tonight…
5, Present perfect(Thì hiện tại hồn thành)
(+) S + Have /Has +V3/ed Ex: You have studied English for 4 years.
(-) S + Haven’t /Hasn’t + V3/ed She hasn’t studied English since 2003.
(? ) Have / Has + S +V3/ed Has your father planted trees ye t ?
Key words : since, for, just, already, yet… Ex: I have already finished this work.
B The passive form
Form: S + BE + V3 /V-ed (past participle) + by + O
Note:- Khi chủ ngữ câu chủ động là: THEY, PEOPLE, SOMEONE, NO ONE, ANYONE……… thì khi đổi sang câu bị động khơng cĩ By agent N hưng khi danh từ làm chủ ngữ bắt buộc phải cĩ agent
5/Present perfect S + have/has + V-ed/V3+O S + have/has +BEEN+V-ed/V3 + by O
6/Simple Future S + will + V(bare-inf) + O S + will + BE +V-ed/V 3 + by O
- Với động từ đặc biệt (modal verbs): CAN, MUST, MAY, MIGHT, SHOULD, WILL,…
7/ S + modal verb + BE + V-ed / V3 ……
Ex: 1/ John prepares his lessons carefully - His lessons are prepared carefully by John.
2/Thomas Edison invented the photograph - The photograph was invented by Thomas Edison.
2/They didn’t help me to do the work - I wasn’t helped to do the work.
5/His father has collected stamps for ten years - Stamps has been collected for ten years by his father.
5/Nobody has used this machine for years - This machine hasn’t been used for years.
C Reported speech ( lời nĩi trần thuật) là câu thuật lại một cách gián tiếp lời nĩi của người khác
- Nếu động từ tường thuật ở thì hiện tại thì thì của động từ chính được giữ nguyên khi chuyển lời nĩi trực tiếp sang gián tiếp.Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn,thời gian và đại từ chỉ định được giữ nguyên.
Ex: “I’m arriving at 6:00” says she – She says (that) she’s arriving at 6:00.
-Nếu động từ thường thuật (reporting verb) của câu ở thì quá khứ thì phải lùi động từ chính về một bậc khi chuyển từ lời
nĩi trực tiếp (direct speech) sang lời nĩi gián tiếp (indirect / reported speech) theo quy tắc sau :
Trang 2
Direct speech Reported speech
will + v1 would + v1
must had to
shall + v1 should +v1
* Một số chuyển đổi khác: Khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp mà động từ tường thuật ở thì quá khứ thì các
trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn và đại từ chỉ định được chuyển đổi theo quy tắc sau :
Direct speech Reported speech
today / tonight that day / that night ago / now before / then
the day after tomorrow in two days’ time / two days later
Một số
loại câu tường thuật
1 Yes- No questions: (câu hỏi yes-no)
Form: S + asked + ( O ) + if/ whether + S + V ( lùi 1 thì )
Ex: “ Do you see new friends?” he said to me → He asked if I saw new friends.
Statements : ( câu kể ) Form : S + said / told + O + ( that ) + S + V (l ùi 1 thì )
Ex: “ I’m leaving here tomorrow,” said Mary
- Mary said (that) she was leaving there the following day.
2 Requests, commands/advice: (câu mệnh lệnh) Form : S + asked /told …+ O + ( NOT) to-inf
Ex:“Please wait for me here, Lisa.” Peter said –Peter told Mary to wait for him there.
“Don’t talk in class!” the teacher said -The teacher told the children not to talk in class
D Phrases of purpose : (cụm từ dùng để diễn tả mục đích)
(+) to / in order to / so as to + V(inf.)
Ex: I study English in order to communicate with foreigners
(-) in order not to / so as not to + V(inf.) Ex: He gets up early so as not to be late for school.
E -ed and -ing participle( Quá khứ và hiện tại phân từ )
- Hiện tại phân từ “V- ING” còn gọi là phân từ tác động Ex: His job is boring.
- Quá khứ phân từ “ V-ED/V3” còn gọi là phân từ bị tác động Ex: This clock is broken.
* Quá khứ và hiện tại phân từ : Đứng trước danh từ, hoặc sau động từ liên kết
Ex: A tired worker is sleeping on the chair The story is interesting
* Quá khứ và hiện tại phân từ: được dùng để rút gọn mệnh đề tính từ
Ex: The boy is in my class He’s reading a book → The boy reading a book is in my class.
There are many books They are written in English → There are many books written in English.
F Compound nouns ( danh từ kép): N1 – V_ing – N2
Ex: It’s a rice-cooking contest
G Would you mind/Do you mind ?
*Yêu cầu ai làm gì : Would you mind/ Do you mind + V-ing ?
Ex : Woud you mind opening the window?
* Xin phép ai làm gì: Would you mind if I + V ( simple past )
Do you mind if I + V ( simple present)
Ex: Would you mind if I used your phone?
Do you mind if I use your phone?
H … find + O + Adj ….
Ex: I find your magazine very informative
I Sử dụng nguyên mẫu không “to” ( Bare inf )
1.Sau cụm từ :would rather ( thà rằng , thích hơn ) Ex: :They would rather have you in their class
2.Sau cụm từ : Had better ( nên ) Ex: They had better tell me the truth.
3 Ở thể truyền khiến ( causative form ) sai,bảo,nhờ,→Dùng với “have”
* S + have/has + NGƯỜI + V(bare inf ).
Trang 3* S + have/has + VẬT + V3/V-ed.
Ex: He had his father fix his watch He had his watch fixed
4.Trong cấu trúc : S + ( make/let ) + O + bare inf
Ex: He made me do it Let me go
5.Sau các động từ khiếm khuyết : can , may , must , will , shall,should, would … Ex: They may stay at home.
J Sử dụng nguyên mẫu có “to” (to inf )
1 Trong cấu trúc : It + be + adj + to inf.
( Các tính từ thường dùng cho cấu trúc này là : happy, eager, ready, glad, anxious, nice, kind, difficult, easy,….)
Ex: It’s difficult to make friends in a new school
2 Trong cấu trúc: Have a chance / an opportunity + to inf (Có cơ hội / dịp để làm việc gì …)
Ex: My father had a chance to go abroad
3 Trong cấu trúc : S + be + adj + enough + to inf.
Ex: : Tom is old enough to go to school by bicycle
4 Trong cấu trúc : S + be + too + adj + to inf
Ex: They are too young to work hard
5 Sau những động từ: agree, arrange(sắp xếp), ask, decide, help, hope, offer(ngỏ ý), plan(vạch kế hoạch),
prepare(chuẩn bị), promise(hứa), want, wish, volunteer(tình nguyện)……
Ex: I’ve arranged to play tennis tomorrow afternoon.
6.ask, decide, know, remember, forget, explain , learn, understand, wonder + what / where / when / how + to-inf Ex: I don’t know what to do.
7 show / tell / ask / advise / teach someone what / how / where to do something
Ex: Can you show me how to use this machine?
K Sử dụng nguyên mẫu thêm ing ( V_ing )
1.Sau các giới từ ( prepositions ) : in , at , for , of , about , by , with , without , on ,…
Ex:The eighth form pupils are interested in reading books
2.Sau các liên từ ( cọnunctions ) : after , before , when , while…….
Ex: After telling me the secret , they left
3 Sau các động từ : admit (công nhận ),enjoy( thưởng thức ),escape( trốn thoát ), advoid(tránh xa),
consider( xem xét ), imagine( tưởng tượng ), finish( kết thúc ), forgive( tha thứ ), keep=continue, love
mind( lưu ý, làm phiền),miss( nhớ ),prefer( thích hơn ), save( cứu,tiết kiệm ), suggest, understand……
Ex: Most people prefer riding to walking
L Useful prepositions ( giới từ thông dụng)
Made from : được làm từ (nhiều thành p ần) carve into sth : chạm, khắc lên
Made of: được làm từ (thành phẩm và chất liệu lá một) be keen on sth.: say mê, ham thích cái gì
A memorial to the dead : đài tưởng niệm người đã hy sinh, v ật tưởng nhớ người đã mất
Have claim / no claim on/to sth : (không) có quyền sở hữu về / có được cái gì
Make no claim + to-inf : không thể làm việc gì
B BÀI TẬP I/ Choose the word or phrase that best complete each sentence.
1 Don’t let the victim become cold when he or she
A faints B shocks C burns D hurts
2 _ is known as a wonder of the world
C Sydney Opera House D Ha Long Bay
3 We can see a boy a water buffalo
A riding B rode C ride D to ride
4 Farmers collect household and garden waste to make
5 The Statue of Liberty is in
Trang 4A The USA B Australia C England D Thailand
6 When you , you should ease pain with ice or cold water packets
7.New York is famous for its
8 ……… is often called “ THE WINDY CITY”
13 I my classmates since I my school
14 Thu’s brother _ stamps since last year
15 Last summer vacation, we decided _ to Da Lat City
A to go B to get C to do D to watch
16 Choose the word or phrases that are not correct in Standard English
A big dog will been bought by Nam’s father tomorrow
A B C D
17 We _ dinner when the phone rang
18 Nam asked Minh if he _ the Golden Gate Bridge
19 She asked me I liked coffee
20 Can I get you some drink ? - _
21 My teacher _ English since 1997
22 Would you mind me some paper from the table?
23 I like reading the books _ by Charle Dickens
24.Many years ago, Christmas songs _ for people in towns and villages
25 you open the window, please ?
Choose the word whose main stress is placed differently from the others
34 a/ What are you going did at weekend?
A B C D
b/The plumber said he can fix the faucets
A B C D
c/ It was raining while the plane got to Ha Noi.
A B C D
35 Ba is studying very hard pass the final exam
36 They asked the tourist guide they could come first
37.Liz is very interested the water-fetching contest
Trang 538 I always keep the doors open let fresh air in.
39 She was very happy _ good marks in the final exam
40 Thu wanted _ her friend a greeting card
41 It’s the first time Shannon _ a water buffalo
42 The girl _ next to me is very intelligent
A sitting B sat C sits D to sit
43.Mai likes eating cake _ by her mother
44 Viet Nam is a country
45 The Le family _ when the mailman came
46 Milk bottles can be thirty times
47 _ to come and have dinner with us? I’d love to.
48 Ba his homework yet
49 Millions of Chirstmas cards _ every year
50 Would you mind if I _ a photo
51 Do you mind if I you a question ?
52 Angkor Wat should really as wonder because it is the largest temple in the world
53 I take part the water-fetching contest.
54 It's very kind you to help me
55.The weather was fine so we decided to go foot
56 I have known her……… two years
B TỰ LUẬN Supply the correct form of the verbs
57 We ( go) out when the rain ( stop)
58 He suggested ( travel) around the town by bike
59 Do you mind if I (sit) here?
60 Would you mind (open ) _ all the windows ?
61 It’s the first time I ( see ) this movie
->
62 He suggested ( travel) around the town by bike
->
63 The Great Wall of China ( build) many centuries ago
->
64 The doorbell ( ring ) _ while Tom ( watch) TV
->
II Change into the passive
Trang 665 They gave me a lot of beautiful flowers on my birthday
66.They built that bridge five years ago
67.Lan didn’t finish her homework ->
68 The students in my school hold a meeting every Saturday ->
III.Rearange the words to create meningful sentences:o.5 69 Hue / Mr Nam / tonight / arriving / in / is ->
70.live / in / months / going / England / they / two / are / to ->
71 It / not / difficult / is / this sentence / to / translate / into / English ->
72 Last week / she / buy English - Vietnamese dictionary ->
IV Viết lại các câu sau với các từ gợi ý ( 2.5 điểm ) 73.Tom said: “ I am a student ‘” à Tom said that ………
74.The player kicked the ball into the goal à The ball………
75 Shall I sit here ? àDo you mind if I ………
76 It is a contest in which participants have to cook rice à It’s a………
77 People play football all over the world à Football………
78 Nam said: “ I am a student ‘” à Tom said that ………
79 The player kicked the ball into the goal à The ball………
80 Will I sit here ? àDo you mind if I ………
81 It is a contest in which participants have to cook rice à It’s a………
82 People play volleyball all over the world à Volleyball ………
V Read the passage and answer the questions 1ms 1.Vietnam’s New Year is celebrated according to the Lunar calendar It is officially known as Tet Nguyen Dan, or Tet It begins between January twenty-first and February nineteen The exact date changes from year to year Vietnamese people usually make preparations for the holiday several weeks beforehand They tidy their houses, cook special food, clean and make offerings on the family altars On the New Year’s Eve, people sit up to midnight to see the New Year in, then they put on new clothes and give one another the greetings of the season Tet lasts ten days The first three days are the most important Vietnamese people believe that how people act during those days will influence the whole year As a result, they make every effort to avoid arguments and smile as much as possible Questions 83.What is Vietnam’s New Year known as? ->
84.When does the Lunar New Year begin? ->
85 What do Vietnamese people usually do to prepare for Tet? ->
86 What do people do on the New Year’s Eve? ->
2 Ha Long Bay of the Descending Dragon – is popular with both Vietnamese and international tourists One of the attractions of ha Long is the Bay’s calm water with limestone mountains The Bay’s water is clear during the spring and early summer Upon arriving Ha Long City, visitors can go along Chay Beach From the beach, they can hire a boat and go out to the Bay It is here that the visitors can find some of Southeast Asia’s most beautiful sites Dau Go Cave is one of the most beautiful caves at Ha Long It was the cave in which General Tran Hung Dao hid wooden stakes to beat the Mongols on Bach Dang River in 1288 Questions 87 Who is Ha Long popular with? ->
88.Which is one of the most beautiful caves at Ha Long? ->
89 What can visitors do when they arrive in Ha Long City?
Trang 7->
90 What is one of the attractions of ha Long?
->