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SENTENCE BUILDING / WRITING - The box is too heavy for a child to carry.. - The box is so heavy that the child can’t carry it.. - It is such a heavy box that the child can’t carry it...

SENTENCE BUILDING / WRITING

- The box is too heavy for a child to carry

- The box is so heavy that the child can’t carry it

- It is such a heavy box that the child can’t carry it

MODEL 2:

TOO + ADJ + … to – INFINITIVE

 NOT + ADJ + ENOUGH + (for smb)

+ to – INFINITIVE

Example :

- He is too young to understand the question

- He is not old enough to understand the

question

- The book is too difficult for the child to read

- The book is not easy enough for the child to

read

- The child is not good/mature enough to read the

MODEL 5 :

… SO + ADJ + THAT … …

… SUCH (A/AN) ADJ + N + THAT …

 TOO + ADJ + FOR … to - INFINITIVE

ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR … to - INFINITIVE

Example :

a - This blouse is so small that she can’t wear it

- This blouse is too small for her to wear

b - It was such an interesting film that we

watched it many times

The film was interesting enough for us to watch

- To smoke cigarettes is dangerous.

- It is dangerous to smoke cigarettes

- It is dangerous smoking cigarettes

- How dangerous (it is ) to smoke cigarettes

a) – To know foreign languages is important.

- I find it important to know foreign languages

b) – To be punctual is a good thing

- I think it a good thing to be punctual

b) – It’s necessary to practise English every day

- I think it necessary to practise English every day

MODEL 8 :

S + V (Present Perfect) … FOR (time)

 IT IS + time ……… + SINCE … + V (past)

b) – I haven’t visited him for a year

- It ‘s one year since I last visited him

MODEL 9 :

S + HAVE/ HAS NOT + VERB (PP2)

 … FIRST TIME + S + HAVE/HAS + V (PP2)

Example :

a) – I haven’t seen that film before

- It is the first time I have seen that film

b) – I have never been to Phu Quoc before

- It ‘s the first time I have been to Phu Quoc

MODEL 10 :

S +HAVE/HAS + NOT + V (P2) …… SINCE /FOR

 - S + LAST + V (PAST) …

- The last time + S + V(past)…

Example :

a) – It has not rained here for a fortnight

- It last rained here a fortnight ago

> The last time it rained here was a

fortnight ago

MODEL 11 :

S + VERB (PAST) ……… AGO

 S + HAVE/HAS been + V-ing + SINCE / FOR

(The Present Perfect Continuous Tense)

Example :

- He started working for this company a year ago

- He has been working for this company for a

year

- He has been working for this company since last

year/ a year ago

MODEL 12 :

* SUBJ + VERB + Time

 IT TAKES/TOOK (+ OBJ) + TIME + TO - INFINITIVE

Example :

a) – She finished her exercises in 20 minutes

- It took her 20 minutes to finish her exercises

b) – He drives to work in half an hour

- It takes him half an hour to drive to work

MODEL 13 : PASSIVE FORM

* SUBJ + VERB + OBJ

 S + BE + V (pp) …… + (BY …….)

Example :

a) – No one has discussed that question

- That question has not been discussed before

b) – The University is going to open a new course

- A new course is going to be opened (by the

University)

Example :

a) –Susan isn’t as good at history as Jane

- Jane is better at history than Susan

b) –Stone isn’t as hard as iron

MODEL 15 :

* S + VERB + NOT + S + v + noT … EITHER

 NEITHER …… NOR ………

Example :

a) - My husband doesn’t drink a lot He

doesn’t smoke a lot either

- My husband neither drink nor smoke a lot

b) - I don’t like tea I don’t like coffee either

- I like neither tea nor coffee

MODEL 16 :

* WH- QUESTIONS  INDIRECT QUESTION

 S + ASKED + (OBJ) + QUESTION WORD + S + V

Example :

a) – T©m asked me “ What is her name?”

- T©m asked me what her name was

a) – “ Why don’t you close the door, Nam?” said

T©m

- T©m asked Nam why he didn’t close the door

MODEL 17 :

* ADJ  VERB

• It isn’t necessary to finish work

today.

• You don’t have to finish work today.

• You don’t need to finish work today.

MODEL 18 :

* VERB  NOUN

• Music interests her greatly

• She has a great interest in music

• ( She is very/greatly interested in music)

a) Because it rained, we postponed the football match.

- Because of the rain, we postponed the football match

b) As he has behaved badly, he must be punished

- Because of his bad behaviour, he must be punished

c) Since I can t swim, I have to stay on the shore.’

- Because of my inability to swim, I have to saty on the shore

MODEL 20 :

NO SOONER+HAD + S + PP2 + OBJ + Than

* S + Had + hardly+ PP2 + when } 

hardly +HAD + S + PP2 + OBJ + + when

Example :

a) We had no sooner reached home than it started to rain

-No sooner had we reached home than it started to rain

b) They had hardly finished their test when the bell rang

- Hardly had they finished their test when the bell rang

MODEL 21 :

* S + WISH(ES) + S + SIMPLE PAST ( Present )

* S + WISH(ES) + S + PAST perfect ( Past )

Example :

a) I wish I were a woman.

- ( I am not a woman ).

b) We wish we had been at the party.

- ( We were not at the party ).

c) He wishes he had met her before.

- (He didn t meet her before).’

a) - He speaks English well.

- He speaks good English

b) – I slept well last night

- I had a good sleep last night

c) - She speaks English fluently

- She speaks English with fluency

MODEL 23 :

* S }…+ have – something DONE

- Somebody repaired her motorcycle for her

- She had her motorcycle repaired last week

- Somebody cut his hair for him yesterday

- He had his hair cut yesterday

Thank you for your attention !