Tiếp đầu ngữ “non–” được dùng vớidanh từ, tính từ, và trạng từ, … và làm cho từ đó có nghĩa phủ định.. Nhưng chúng takhông sử dụn tiếp đầu ngữ “non–” để tạothành nghĩa phủ định cho tất c
Trang 1Unit 12 : MUSIC
Reading :
- indispensable / ,indis’pensəbəl / (adj) : cần thiết, không thể thiếu
indispensability /indis,pensə’biliti / (n) : tính không thể bàn cải
- arrangement / ə’reinʤmənt / (n) : sự sắp xếp
arranger / ə’reinʤə / (n) : người sắp xếp, sắp đặt
- instrument / ’instrumənt / (n) : công cụ
- audience / ’ͻ:djəns / (n) : khán giả, thính giả
audibility / ,ͻ:di’biliti / (n) : giới hạn nghe, có thể nghe
audience-chamber / ’ͻ:djəns,ʧeimbə / (n) : phòng tiếp kiến
romance / rəʊ’mæns / (n) : chuyện tình, trữ tình
romanticize / rəʊ’mæntisaiz / (v) : lãng mạn hóa
romanticism /rəʊ’mæntisizəm / (n) : chủ nghĩa lãng mạn
appealing / ə’pi:liŋ / (adj) : lôi cuốn, quyến rũ, hấp dẫn
- emotional / i’moʊʃənəl / (adj) : xúc cảm, xúc động
emotionalise / i’moʊʃnəlaiz / (v) : làm cho cảm động
emotionalist / i’moʊʃnəlist / (n) : người đa cảm
emotionalistic / i’moʊʃnəlistik / (adj) : đa cảm
emotionality / i,moʊʃə’næliti / (n) : tính đa cảm
- stimulation / ,stimju’leiʃn / (n) : sự khuyến khích, kích thích
stimulative / ’stimjulətiv / (adj) : khuyến khích, kích thích
stimulatory / ’stimju,leitəri / (n) : (y học) liệu pháp kích thích
referable / ri’fɜ:rəbl / (adj) : có thể quy, có thể chuyển
referral / ri’fɜ:rəl / (n) : sự giới thiệu, sự chuyển đến
- generation / ,dʒenə'rei∫n / (n) : thế hệ
- rooted / ‘ru:təd / (adj) : có nguồn gốc từ
Trang 2- orally / 'ɔ:rəli / (adv) : truyền bằng miệng
- version / ’vɜrʒən / (n) : bản (của tác phẩm văn học)
- Classical music : serious and traditional in style; not everyone can enjoy it
- Pop music : traditional in a particular country, melodious
- Rock–‘n’–roll : modern and popular among young people, touches various things of life
- Rock music : a type of pop music with a very strong beat
- Folk music : strong rhythms, slow, nostalgic, sad tunes
Listening :
- pretend / pri'tend / (v) : giả vờ, giả bộ, làm ra vẻ
Speaking :
- attitude / 'ætitju:d / (n) : thái độ, quan điểm
- nostalgic / nɔs'tældʒik / (adj) : nhớ, luyến tiếc
nostalgia / nɔs'tældʒiə / (n) : nỗi nhớ nhà
nostalgically / nɔs'tældʒikəli / (adv) : lưu luyến, vấn vương
- melodious / mə'lɔdjəs / (adj) : du dương, êm ái
Writing :
- brief / bri:f / (adj) : ngắn gọn, vắn tắt
briefness / 'bri:fnis / (n) : tính ngắn gọn, tính vắng tắt
- protest / 'proutest / (v) : phản đối,phản kháng
protestant / 'prɔtistənt / (n) : người phản kháng
reflection / ri'fek∫n / (n) : sự phản ánh
reflective / ri'flektiv / (adj) : phản chiếu
legendary / 'ledʒəndəri / (adj) : thuộc truyền thuyết
legendist / 'ledʒəndist / (n) : người viết truyền thuyết
legendize / 'ledʒəndaiz / (v) : trở thành truyền thuyết
- pretend / pri'tend / (v) : giả vờ, giả bộ
pretence / pri'tens / (n) : sự giả vờ
Trang 3 national anthem / 'næ∫ənl 'ænθəm / (n) : bài quốc ca
civilian / si'viliən / (n) : thường dân
- associate / ə'səʊ∫iət / (v) : kết giao
association / ə,səʊsi'ei∫n / (n) : sự kết giao
associative / ə'sou∫jətiv / (adj) : kết hợp với
- contemporary / kən'tempərəri / (n) : những người sống cùng thời
- provoke / prə'vouk / (v) : khiêu khích,chọc tức
- antiwar / ,ænti'wɔ: / (n) : sự phản đối chiến tranh
- legacy / 'legəsi / (n) : gia tài, di sản
- finite / 'fainait / (adj) : có hạn, hạn chế
- infinite / 'infinit / (adj) : vô tận, vô hạn
Language Focus :
profitability / 'prɔfitə'biləti / (n) : sự có lợi ích, sự lợi nhuận
profitable / 'prɔfitəbl / (adj) : có ích, có lợi
renewable / ri'nju:əbl / (adj) : có thể làm mới
- negotiate / ni'gəʊ∫ieit / (v) : thương lượng, đàm phán
- recital / ri'saitl / (n) : sự kể lại, sự thuật lại
- beloved / bi'lʌvd / (adj) : được yêu mến
Consolidation :
disposition / ,dispə'zi∫n / (n) : sự sắp xếp
poisonous / 'pɔizənəs / (adj) : có chất độc
arrestee / əres'ti: / (n) : người bị bắt giữ
arrestor/arrester / ə'restə / (n) : người bắt giữ
- caution / 'kɔ:∫n / (n) : sự cẩn thận, chú ý, cảnh báo
- ordinary / 'ɔ:dənri / (adj) : thông thường
- destination / ,desti'nei∫n / (n) : mục đích, mục tiêu
Trang 4 destine / 'destin / (v) :
- release / ri'li:s / (n) : sự giải thoát, sự giảm bớt
- ultimate / 'ʌltimət / (adj) : cuối cùng, sau cùng
- patriotism / 'pætriətizəm / (n) : lòng yêu nước
- accompany / ə'kʌmpəni / (v) : hộ tống, đi kèm
brand–new / 'brænd'nju: / (adj) : mới toanh
- observe / ə'bzə:v / (v) : quan sát, theo dõi
observer / ə'bzɜ:ver / (n) : người quan sát
- obvious / 'ɒbviəs / (adj) : rõ ràng
nervous / 'nə:vəs / (adj) : (thuộc) thần kinh, lo lắng
- impairment / im'peəmənt / (n) : sự làm suy yếu
Trang 5 SPEAKING :
Topic : “TALK ABOUT THE MUSIC TYPE(s) YOU LOVE OR DISLIKE”
Useful prompts and expressions :
Neutral Attitudes
Yeah, it’s not so bad
I’m not so interested in this type of music
Maybe I’ll learn to like it
Negative Attitudes
The audience felt very pleased with thier duet performance
Well, I don’t know It’s OK with me.
all right for me
We don’t like the lyrics
Trang 6“THE IMPORTANCE OF MUSIC”
We all listen to music and like certain music, but do not realize how much it is a part ofour lives It would be impossible for a day to go without music Music serves many functionswithin our society: it is used to entertain, relax, motivate, persuade, teach, treat diseases, unite,and promote, patriotism, and so on
First, music is a part of our early childhood and memorable anniversaries Soon afterbirth we heard our first melodies hum soothing lullabies to help us sleep Moreover, we singchurch hymns to help build our spiritual being, and patriotic songs to give us a sense ofnational identity In every step of our lives, music places another brick on the foundation ofwho we are Music also helps each one of us find our unique social niche, brings us togetherwith other folks that share similar interests Familiar songs help us recall special moments inour lives, such as our first love, or maybe our first kiss
Second, music is also important in our society Music is basic human functions We havethe burning to desire to create, whatever it may be and however tiny or grand The interactionwith sound is unavoidable, either to make it or take pleasure in it People have always foundmusic significant in their lives, whether for enjoyment in listening, the emotional response,performing or creating It documents the history of social and cultural changes in society and isalways in a state of perpetual evolution, combining new ideas with older ones to create a soundthat is unique to each generation
Third, music plays an indispensable role in our education At schools, students learnnursery rhymes that are designed to both entertain and educate us in their preschool year,which help build the framework for the social and language skills we need in society orparticipate in the school marching band, orchestra or theater In addition, music is an obviousoutlet for self–expression and creativity
Fourth, music can also be used as a means of treating patients It soothes the nerves ofpatients with mental disorder For those with visual impairment, playing music is one way tohelp them open their heart to the outside world Obviously, music has a profound and powerfulimpact on our lives
In conclusion, music plays an indispensable role in many fields of our lives Everybodyfrom all ages can listen to music and enjoy it by their own way However, people who want tolisten to music always find out their own kind of music They should find their best kind ofmusic which is suitable for them
Trang 7- Who the person is/was
- Where and when he/she was born
- What he/she is well–known/famous for
- What his/her important achievements are (albums/songs/shows)
- (if not alive) When he/she died
2. Paragraphs of this kind are usually organized in time order.
3. You can spice your writing with a striking remark by the person himself/herself.
Writing : Write a brief profile about John Lennon
JOHN LENNON (1940 – 1980)
Full name : John Lennon
Profession : singer and songwriter
Born : 1940
Family
Early career : 1955 – joined first rock–music group
1956 – met Paul McCartney; formed the Beatles (1960)
Achievements : – gave the Beatles much of its intellectual depth
of the Beatles in 1970)
Other contributions : songs that praised peace
Death : fatally shot outside his New York apartment building (late 1980)
Final comments : Lennon and his ideals of justice and peace honored
Trang 8John Lennon
John Lennon, British singer and songwriter, was born in 1940 and died in 1980
He was a member of the Beatles and one of the most distinguished figures in popularmusic In 1955, while in high school, he joined his first rock–music group In 1956, hemet Paul McCartney The two worked together on songs and formed the four–memberband that became known as the Beatles in 1960
Lennon, who attended the Liverpool College of Art from 1957 to 1960, gave theBeatles much of its intellectual depth, and help gain fame for the group during the 1960s
Starting even before the breakup of the Beatles in 1970, Lennon recorded some ofhis best–known songs – songs that praised peace – as a solo artist These songs included
“Give Peace A Chance” (1969), “Instant Karma” (1970), and “Imagine” (1971).
In the 1970s Lennon and his wife, Japanese artist Yoko Ono, settled in New York City From 1975 to 1980 Lennon lived in seclusion, raising the couple’s son In 1980, Lennon and Ono returned to recording with rhe album Double Fanasty, which produced
a number-one hit on the Billboard magazine charts, “(Just Like) Starting Over” (1980).
Later that year Lonnon was fatally shot just outside his New York apartment
building by Mark David Chapman, a fan and drifter
After his death, people around the was observed ten minutes of silence to honor Lonnnon and his ideals of justice ad piece
Trang 9 GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES :
Prefix non–
Prefix non– is used with nouns,
adjectives, and adverbs, … meaning ‘not’
But we can not used prefix non– to make
negative meaning for all the words, some
word has their own prefix such as prefix
in–, un–, ir–, an–, out–, en–, im–, and so on
Tiếp đầu ngữ “non–” được dùng vớidanh từ, tính từ, và trạng từ, … và làm cho
từ đó có nghĩa phủ định Nhưng chúng takhông sử dụn tiếp đầu ngữ “non–” để tạothành nghĩa phủ định cho tất cả các từ, một
số từ có các tiếp đầu ngữ riêng của mìnhnhư là tiếp đầu ngữ in–, un–, ir–, an–, out–, en–, im–, và nhiều hơn nữa.
Ex: Today people tend to use non –fat food (fat non–fat)
But: I think these clothes are unsuitable for you. (suitable unsuitable)
NOT: I think these clothes are non–suitable for you.
It is very unhealthy to live in a damp room. (healthy unhealthy)NOT: It is very non–healthy to live in a damp room
Some words with prefix non– has negative meaning :
non-acceptance (n.) : sự bác bỏ
non-conductive (adj) : không dẫn nhiệt/điện
non-contagious (adj) : không lây nhiễm
non-cooperation (n.) : sự bất hợp tác
non-corrodible (adj) : không thể bị ăn mòn
Trang 10Exercises about prefix non- :
Complete each sentence with the suitable form of the word given combined with prefix non- :
1. Why don’t we go to the section of the hall ? (smoke)
3. Hala foods are practically in this part of the country (exist)
4. I prefer as I can learn about real people and facts (fictional)
5. You may not play on-line games all day like that This is a _ regulation
(negotiate)
6. If you order these songs to be recorded on this high-quality disk, you should pay a
7. It takes 12 hours to fly from Sydney to Ha Noi (stop)
8. He advised them to take a way to show their protest (violence)
9. Many great artists are wholehearted activists for organization (profit)
10. It’s difficut to make pancakes without a frying-pan (sticky)
11. More and more people choose to buy drinks (alcohol)
12. Environmentalist are urging people not to use fossil fuel (renew)
13. Do you think music is a very effective way of protest ? (violence)
14. This program is for speakers of English like us (nation)
15. We should have known that it was a deposit (refund)
16. Paul, unlike his friends, prefer foods (fat)
17. are more tolerant of smoking than ex-smokers (smoke)
18. Joy’s brother is in prison for of fines ? (pay)
19. This club opens to visitors, but _ have to pay an entrance fee (member)
20. This product is for our health and environment (toxic)
Answers :
1. non-smoking 2 nonstop 3 non-existent 4 non-fiction
5. nonnegotiable 6 nonrefundable 7 non-stop 8 non-violent
9 nonprofit 10.nonstick 11.non-alcoholic 12.nonrenewable
13.non-violent 14.non-native 15.non-refundable 16.nonfat
17.Non-smokers 18.nonpayments 19.non-members 20.non-toxic
Trang 11 Wh- question (Interregotive pronoun)
Wh- questions are questions to ask
about one’s information, and often start
with interregotive words such as : when,
where, who, what, which, whom, why, how,
Ex: What do you want ? (Bạn cần gì ?)
Where is Ha’s school ? (Trường của Hà ở đâu ?)Which is Thanh’s violin ? (Cái đàn viôlông của Thanh là cái nào ?)Whose is the red car ? (Cái xe hơi màu đỏ này là của ai ?)
How to make question : interregotive
words can be subject, object or complement in
a sentence
Cách đặt câu hỏi : từ để hỏi có thể đượcdùng làm chủ ngữ, tân ngữ hoặc bổ ngữ trongmột câu
• Who : an interregotive word used to ask about
people such name, identity or function of one
or many people Who can be :
- Subject of a verb :
Ex: Who keeps the keys ? (subject of keep)
Who is the man in grey coat ? (subject
of is)
- Object of a verb or a preposition :
Ex: Who did you see at church ? (object of
see)
Who does this place belong to ? (object
of to)
NOTE: In case, who is object of a preposition,
its preposition is always placed at the end of
the sentence
Ex: Who did you go with ? (NOT: With
who did you go ?)
Who (ai): đại từ nghi vấn dùng cho người, để
hỏi tên, nét nhận dạng hoặc chức năng của mộthay nhiều người Who dùng làm:
- Chủ ngữ của câu :
Ex:Who keeps the keys ? (chủ ngữ của keep) Who is the man in grey coat ? (chủ ngữ củađộng từ is)
- Tân ngữ của một động từ hoặc giới từ :
Ex: Who did you see at church ? (tân ngữcủa see)
Who does this bag belong to ? (tân ngữcủa to)
CHÚ Ý: Trong trường hợp who là tânngữ của giới từ, giới từ luôn đặt ở cuốicâu
Ex: Who did you go with ? (NOT: Withwho did you go ?)
Trang 12• Whom : an interregotive word used to ask
about people Whom can be object of a verb or
a preposition
Ex: Whom did you invite ? (object of invite)
Whom were you speaking to at that time ?
(object of to)
Or To whom were you speaking at that time ?
NOTE:
- Both who and whom can be object of a verb or
preposition, but who is usually uesd (specially
in informal style) Whom is usually used in in
formal style or writing
Ex: Who/Whom did you invite to your party ?
- In case, whom is an object of a preposition,
preposition can be placed at the beginning or
the end of the sentence
Ex: Whom did you go with ?
Or With whom did you go ?
Whom (ai): là đại từ nghi vấn cho người.
Whom được dùng làm tân ngữ cho động từhoặc giới từ
Ex: Whom did you invite? (tân ngữ của invite) Whom were you speaking to at that time ?(tân ngữ của to)
Or To whom were you speaking at that time ?
CHÚ Ý:
Cả who và whom đều có thể làm tân ngữ củađộng từ hoặc giới từ nhưng who thường đượcdùng hơn (nhất là trong lối văn thân mật).Whom thường được dùng trong lối văn trịnhtrọng hoặc trong văn viết
Ex: Who/Whom did you invite to your party ?Trong trường hợp whom làm tân ngữ cho giới
từ, giới từ có thể đặt trước whom hoặc cuốicâu
Ex: Whom did you go with ?
Or With whom did you go ?
• Whose : an interregotive word used to ask
about possession Whose is usually used as a
subject of a verb
• Ex: Whose is that dog ? (subject of is)
• What about these jackets ? Whose
are they ? (subject of are)
Whose (của ai) : là đại từ nghi vấn dùng để hỏi
về sở hữu Whose có thể được dùng làm chủngữ của độn từ
• Ex: Whose is that dog ? (chủ ngữ củais)
• What about these jackets ? Whoseare they ? (chủ ngữ của are)
• What : an interregotive word used to ask about
things or matters What can be subject of a
verb or object of a preposition
What (cái gì) : là đại từ nghi vấn dùng để hỏi
về sự vật hoặc sự việc What có thể được dùnglàm chủ ngữ của đông từ hoặc tân ngữ củađộng từ và giới từ
• Ex: What caused the explosion ?