Mạo từ xác định “The” được dùng cho tất cả các danh từ: danh từ đếm được số ít, danh từ đếm được số nhiều và danh từ không đếm được.. Ví dụ, the boy,the boys, the food… “ The” được dùng
Trang 1B GRAMMAR: CÁCH DÙNG KHÁC CỦA MẠO TỪ ( ARTICLES : OTHER USES)
I MẠO TỪ KHÔNG XÁC ĐỊNH A/AN
Dùng “a” hoặc “an” trước một danh từ số ít
đếm được để chỉ một người,một vật được đề
cập đến lần đầu, người nghe không biết chính
xác hoặc chưa từng biết về người hay vật đó
I saw a boy in the street người nghe chưa biết cụ thể là cậu bé nào,cậu bé chưa được đề cập đến trước đó
“a, an ” dùng trước danh từ đếm được số ít , để
chỉ 1 người,1 vật nói chung,có tính khái
quát,nêu 1 thành viên bất kì của 1 loại
An owl can see in the dark = Owls can see in
the dark ( bất kỳ con cú nào - hầu hết các con
cú nói chung - đều có thể nhìn trong bóng tối.)
II MẠO TỪ XÁC ĐỊNH THE
Mạo từ xác định “The” được dùng cho tất cả các danh từ: danh từ đếm được số ít, danh từ đếm
được số nhiều và danh từ không đếm được Ví dụ, the boy,the boys, the food…
“ The” được dùng trước danh từ chỉ
người/vật đã xác định cụ thể hoặc đã
được đề cập tới trước đó- người nghe
hiểu người nói về người/vật nào
-Did you lock the car? ( cả người nói ,người nghe đều
biết về chiếc xe hơi này: xe của bạn/ xe của chúng ta).
-His car struck a tree, you can still see the mark on the
tree (tree” trong mệnh đề thứ 2 đã được đề cập tới trước
đó trong mệnh đề thứ nhất).
“ the” được dùng để nói đến 1 vật cụ
thể, 1 nhóm người/vật cụ thể The cars in this parking lot belong to people who work here (Những chiếc xe cụ thể trong bãi đỗ này)
-The sugar on the table is from Cuba (cụ thể là đường ở
trên bàn).
“ the” dùng trước danh từ chỉ vật là
duy nhất,vật gì đó chỉ có một trong
môi trường quanh ta: the earth, the
sun, the moon, the world, the
equator, the Prime Minister, the
capital, the universe, the
environment…
-The earth goes around the sun, and the moon goes around the earth
- Madrid is the capital of Spain
“ the” được dùng để ám chỉ tới thế
giới xung quanh ta hoặc những thứ
chúng ta đều biết
-We had a sight seeing tour around the city.( thành phố)
- Life would be quieter without the telephone ( máy
móc)
“ the” đứng trước tên các quốc gia có
từ “ Republic, State,Kingdom,
Union” hoặc tên các quốc gia ở số
nhiều
-The United States, the Philippines, The United Kingdom, the Dominican Republic, the Netherlands…
“ The” đứng trước tên các đại dương,
sông ngòi, kênh đào, nhóm hồ, quần
đảo, dãy núi, biển
-Đại dương: The Pacific ( Ocean), The Alantic ( Ocean), the Indian (Ocean)…
-Biển: The Red Sea, the Black Sea, the Baltic…
- Sông: The River Nile, the Volga, the Thames, the Amazon…
- Kênh đào: The Panama Canal…
- Nhóm hồ,quần đảo: The Great Lakes, The British Isles…
Trang 2- Dãy núi: The Rocky Mountain, The Himalayas, the Andes, The Alps…
III MẠO TỪ RỖNG / KHÔNG CÓ MẠO TỪ ( ZERO ARTICLE)
Không dùng mạo từ với danh từ
đếm được số nhiều và danh từ
không đếm được khi nói về những
thứ chung chung
Passwords protect our personal information
Cars have wheels (xe hơi nói chung)
Tigers are in danger of becoming extinct
Không dùng mạo từ với các bữa ăn,
tháng, thứ, mùa, dịp đặc biệt của
năm
See you on Thursday
I started the course in January
My country is lovely in Spring
I visit my grandparents on New Year’s Day
Không dùng mạo từ với hầu hết tên
người hoặc tên địa điểm ( hầu hết
tên quốc gia, tiểu bang, lục địa,
thành phố, thị trấn)
Lục địa: Africa, Europe, Asia
Quốc gia: France, Japan, New Zealand
Tiểu bang: Texas, Floria, California Thành phố,thị trấn: New York, Bristol, Cairo
Không dùng mạo từ với các khu
vực, hồ, núi, đồi, đảo
Hồ: Lake Geneva, Lake Michigan Đảo: Bereca, Sicily
Núi: Mount Everest
Đồi: North Hill
Dựa vào các từ cho trước, viết câu hoàn chỉnh
1.Tourism development/ lead/ soil erosion/ pollution/ waste
2.Tourism/ contribute/ increasing carbon footprint/ stress/ ecosystems
3.The infrastructure/ tourist spot/ not/ satisfy/ great demand/ during/ peak season
4.Tourists/ cause/ significant effect/ local habitats/ especially/ country
5.Tourists/ be aware/ damage/ they/ cause/ and/ tourism authorities/ take measures/ solve
Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others
Question 1
A festival
B decorate
C special
D important
Question 2
A celebrate
B freedom
C apart
D slavery
Question 3
A
chocolate
B receive
C colorful
D contest
Question 4
A parade
B charity
C active
D generous
Question 5
A instead
B conserve
C
innovation
D ultimately
Question 1 In the United States,
most people eat _on
Christmas day
A roast turkey
B fried chicken
C roast chick
D fried turkey
Question 2 People like to play
on each other on April Fool’s Day
A games
B treats
C tricks
D cards
Question 3 The Chinese eat
special for the moon festival They are sweet and are made with a lot of eggs
A candies
B sweets
C apple pies
Trang 3D cakes
Question 4 Janice and Mike are
getting married soon They plan
to have a small with just a
few family members
A marriage
B celebration
C anniversary
D wedding ceremony
Question 5 Auld Lang Syne is a
song _is sung on New
Year’s eve
A whose
B who
C which
D whom
Question 6 They must gather
the crop before it rains
September
A in
B on
C the
D at
Question 7 he come
in half an hour, I shall go alone
A If
B Unless
C Because
D When
Question 8 Can you tell me the
reason for _the Mother’s Day?
A celebrating
B celebration
C celebrate
D celebrated
Question 9 We think that
Mother's Day should be celebrated _
A nationwide
B nationhood
C nationality
D nation
Question 10 We are going to
_the anniversary of our
50 th wedding
A celebrate
B celebrated
C celebrating
D to celebrate
Question 11 He lives in a very
village in Hue
A picture
B picturely
C picturesque
D picturesquely
Question 12 They failed to gain
international as an independent country
A recognition
B agreeing
C setting
D accepting
Question 13 This would be the
perfect for our wedding party
A set
B tomb
C setting
D recognition
Question 14 A is a
building or place that has been made stronger and protected against attack
A citadel
B structure
C fortress
D tower
Question 15 What
should we take to reduce pollution?
A measures
B plans
C methods
D activities
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks
Stories about how people somehow know when they are being watched have been going around for centuries However, few (1) have been made to study the phenomenon scientifically Now, with the accomplishment
of the largest ever research of the so-called staring effect, there is striking indication that this is a recognizable and (2) sixth sense The research elaborates thousands of kids For the research, they stood with their eyes covered and with their backs to other youngsters, who were told to either stare at them or look away The outcomes constantly revealed that the kids who could not see were able to (3) when they were being stared at In total of 14.000 experiments (4) globally, the teenagers (5) sensed when they were being watched almost 81% of the time
Question 1
A efforts
B attempts
C exams
D goals
Question 2
A genuine
B recognized
C established
D assured
Question 3
A sign
B discovery
C expose
D tell
Question 4
A controlled through
B worked over
C carried on
D carried out
Question 5
A carefully
B correctly
C accurately
D effortlessly
Trang 4Question 1
A damage
B bandage
C presure
D require
Question 2
A inject
B victim
C treatment
D contact
Question 3
A revival
B influence
C refusal
D arrival
Question 4
A minimize
B organize
C requirement
D elevate
Question 5
A abrupt
B promise
C tissue
D stretcher
Choose the best answer to
complete these following
sentences
Question 1 A is a
very strong wind that goes
quickly around in a circle
A typhoon
B tornado
C volcano
D tsunami
Question 2 The of
the volcano was predicted in
advance, so no one was injured
A eruption
B erupted
C erupts
D erupt
Question 3 A man
_ sell cars
A who we know
B who we knows
C which we know
D that we knows
Question 4 I know a man
_ at Jones & Roe
A who work
B who works
C that work
D which works
Question 5 Take the food
_ on the table
A which are
B that is
C which were
D that were
Question 6 Physical changes
are different for every, so you
don’t need to feel embarrased
or
A frustrated
B tense
C confident
D delighted
Question 7 I wish my parents
could put themselves in my
A situation
B shoes
C feelings
D heart
Question 8 Do you need to be
that stressed ?
A on
B in
C out
D with
Question 9 My mother is a
strong person She stays _
even in the worst situations
A calm
B healthy
C tense
D confident
Question 10 We are going to
visit Ha Long Bay is one of the most interesting places of the North
A who
B which
C where
D whom
Question 11 It ……… that
China dug up the ocean floor to build artificial islands
A says
B said
C would be said
D is said
Question 12 The public
suggested that the factories
……… with waste treatment system
A would equip
B would be equipped
C should equip
D should be equipped
Question 13 The local
government suggested …… a road through the Nam Cat Tien National Park
A build
B to build
C building
D being built
Question 14 It …………that
some foreigners had collected rubbish on Cat Ba Beach
A reported
B was reported
C could report
D had been reported
Question 15 The most
important thing is that we
……… foreign tourists come back to Viet Nam again
A cause
B should cause
C will make
D should make
Trang 5Choose the best answer to
complete these following
sentences
Question 1 Charlie said, "You
can come and stay with me if
you are ever in London"
A He said you could come and
stay with him if you were ever
in London
B He said I could come and
stay with him if I were ever in
London
C He said you can come and
stay with him if you are ever in
London
D He said I can come and stay
with him if I am ever in
London
Question 2 Charlie said, "Tom
had an accident last week but
he wasn't injured"
A He said Tom had an
accident last week but he
wasn't injured
B He said Tom had had an
accident last week but he
wasn't injured
C He said Tom had had a
accident last week but he hadn't
been injured
D He said Tom had an
accident last week but he hadn't
been injured
Question 3 Charlie said, "I
saw jack at a party a few
months ago and he seemed
fine"
A He said he had seen Jack at
a party a few months ago and
he had seemed fine
B He said I saw Jack at a party
a few months ago and he
seemed fine
C He said he had seen Jack at
a party a few months ago and
he seemed fine
D He said he saw Jack at a
party a few months ago and he
had seemed fine
Question 4 He said, "New
York is bigger than London"
A He said that New York was bigger than London
B He says that New York is bigger than London
C He says that New York was bigger than London
D He said that New York is bigger than London
Question 5 "Stay in bed for a
few days", the doctor said to
me
A The doctor told me stay in bed for a few a days
B The doctor told to me to stay
in bed for a few days
C The doctor said me to stay
in bed for a few days
D The doctor told me to stay
in bed for a few days
Question 6 Charlie said,
"Margaret has had a baby"
A Charlie said Margaret has had a baby
B Charlie said Margaret had had a baby
C Charlie said Margaret had a baby
D Charlie said Margaret has a baby
Question 7 Charlie said, "I
don’t know what Fred is doing"
A He said that he doesn’t know what Fred is doing
B He said that he didn’t know what Fred is doing
C He said that he doesn’t know what Fred was doing
D He said that he didn’t know what Fred was doing
Question 8 Charlie said, "I
hardly ever go out these days"
A He said that he hardly ever went out these days
B He said that I hardly ever go out these days
C He said that I hardly ever went out these days
D He said that he hardly ever goes out these days
Question 9 Charlie said, '"I
work 14 hours a day"
A He said that he works 14 hours a day
B He said that he worked 14 hours a day
C He said that I work 14 hours
a day
D He said that I worked 14 hours a day
Question 10 Charlie said, "I'll
tell Jim I saw you"
A He said he'll tell Jim he saw
me
B He said I would tell Jim I had seen you
C He said he would tell Jim he had seen me
D He said I would tell Jim he had seen me