Bệnh sinh sản gia súc phần 1

bai huyet ma chet Nhieu truo g h p tu da chua khoi nhung Ian ch a d sau vAn too phat Neu tai phat nhiau Ian thlphat sinh viem c6 tu cung sau Ian vao t u cung lam chetthai hoac gay ra say

GIA sOC

-NGUYEN HUu NINH - B~CH DANG PHONG

NHA XUAT BAN NONG NGHIEP

Sacn gioi thieu. cdc b~nh sinh sa thu ng gt),p trong ctic thai k c6 chua, th i ky de va sau khi de; cdc chung benh v6 sinh u cdc yeu t6 anh huang den khd nang sinh san cua gia suc Trong moi trubng hop cae tac gui deu de crJpden trieu cluing benh, each ch n doan, t en luang benli

So di co t nb hinb nhu tren La do cong tac qua Iinuoi duong, cham soc dan gia sue sinh san chua dap ling duoc ·cac ylu to,k thugt can thiet.

De gop ph'fin uao ui~c kMng chI benh ve sinh s« , dam b o eho dim gia euc phat trien nhanli ca ue so luang

va chiit luang, cluing tot xutit ban cuon stich: "Benh sinh san cuo gia suc" do hai chuy n gia Tnu y La Nguyen Hiiu Ninh u Bach Dang Phong bien soan:

Hieti n y ty te sinh de clla d n trau bo nuoi tron nhan: dan cung n u tron cdc trqi chan nuoi quoc d a h.

co rat tluip Cac benh ve sinh san nluc n{m soi, sat r-iu, uiern n iem 0 duon si";'h d e, cieni uu con hn« ph6 bien, nluit la 0 dan bo sua, lam cho hieu qua kink te' trong

ch n n oi chua cao.

ur i N H A xc,(r BAN

NHA XUAT BAN NONG NGHII~.P

va phuong phap di~u tri co hieu qua.

Nita xutit ban Nang nghiep xin tran trong gioi thi~u cuon sac cii g ban dQC ua mong nh¢.n duoc nhieu. y kil dong gop.

Bsnh thucng p at ra a bo va ngua khoan motthang truce khi de.

Nguyen nhan gay b~nh chu yeu Ia thieu V~l1 dong'hoac co nang etta tim, than bt yeu gdy tro ngai cho tuanhoan ella tnh mach lam cho ml(lc thttl1l xuat dong laidu(1i da bun

Ngua va bo thu n p il a p lin bung tI'11(lc r6n,nhung khOng cd p am vi ro rang, co k i Ian ~ng dennguc, Bau vii cung co khi phil, th~m chi c mep iim h

Ch6 phil det, nhist d¢ thap, an tay thay lorn xu6ng Neu

cM phil say sat thl d~ bi vism

- Tien Luong: tot.

- Dieu tri: cho an thirc an chat hrong tot, han cheuong mroc, tang cuong v~n dQn ; co the tam cafein tic 5

d n 10 ml

1 B~nh phil thung

I NHVNGBI;NH THOI KYc oCHUA

CHVONGINHU'NG BtNH SINH SAN THUON G G ~ P 0 G IA s ue

Gia sue co ch a ma qua gay yeu hoac kiet sac thlcung d mac benh bai liet.

Thoat dau c n vat ua nam, nhung dang day rat kh6

k an, hai chan sau ye , dung e run run: eli lai cangkh6 khan, chan sau xieu veo, sau thl khong dang duocnua du co nguci d 1 Neu bai li~t keo d.8i thl eac co ellachan sao bi teo, nhirn cM ty xudng da:t bi tb6i lost.Kho g co tri(!u chang toan than Bo, de, len d i khi b]

sa am dao, Khi de, neu ta cung bi xoan thl k en t6nthai ra duoc

- T ien luong: tot neu benh phat ra VaG giai doancon vl,lt sap de Nell khOng qua 15 ngay thl sau khi de,con vat se trd Iai blnh thuo g Neu ben phat ra scm

va keo dai thi gia sue co the bi bai h uyet, rna chet dnhieu eM bi th6i loet

Benh hay gap c1 bo va 1<;1n.Trude khi de, 2 chan saub~.l ilet eo \'~t. kho g dang duoc, Ben thuong phat ra() nhirn thang chua cu i cimg

- Nguyen nluui viI. trieu c l uing: chu yeu d nuoi dllf1nxau M¢t 56 truo g hop khon co nguyen nhan 1"0 rang.Gia sue co chua din rat nhiau c n i <':I giai deanchua cu i cung Neu thuc an thieu can xi va thira Ianthi con v~t de bi bai li$t Co trai 19n nai th€ly nhieucon co chtra chan sau dan k en vCtn boac di xieuveo Sau khi b6 sung c nxi vao khau phan an thl b~nhgiam J'( ) ret,

2 Benh bai let

Tim luang: phai rat tMn trong Khi co bung hirach, sue ran yeu di, lam ch thai gian de keo dai, thai

- N gu yen nhan: co bung bi rach d h e, da, n5nk

nhau, nga , nuoc thai qua nhieu, mang thai bi th u

thung '

Thuong' xay ra GQtngot lam thay d6i hlnh dang o:.n

con gia sue Do dac diem v giai phau, bo va d hayphat sinh (1 d oi bung ben phai Mai dAu than bung l~i

ra it, SIlU loi ra nhieu do thai phat trien Vong thoat vilit cM mieng' cua co bung bi ra h Vach cua thoat vi lA

da bun , tt5 chitc dttai da vA phuc mac 410 thanh B~l\trong cua th at vi la ttl cung va nhirng khi quan nc$i

tang khac Tuy thea muc d¢ co bi rach, c6 khi ch6 thmH

vi loi ra, co ranh giai ro rang, cung co khi khong roo

Bsn nay thucng ~ 0 bo, ngua vao nhung than

chua cuoi cling

3.Rach CCI bung

Dieu tri: tiem dung dich gluconat canxi 20% tit

500 d~n 1000 ml vao tlnh mach N{lu khOng co gluconatcan i co the ti~m gluce t6 g h p De tran bi th6i lostcan 16t ram kho day cho con v ~ t nam vA l~t trO mlnh

ch no m6i ngay ba b6n Ian Neu gia sue dang duQC,moi ngay nen nang !l0 dung len hai Ian Cho an thiic 1n

co nhisu chilt dinh duong, d~ tieu, co du chin khoang' "Ill

vitamin

bi kich thich' manh, co v~t ran qua nhieu.

- Trieu cluin : phu thuec vao mile d()sa Am dao

+ Sa din d ao m <;} t phan : thuong xay ra truce khi

de Thanh am dao bi nhan nheo loi ra nhu m()t qua

bon , Neu mci bj thi phan Ioi ra nho, niem mac 1<)ra

n oal khi gia sue nam, thut van khi n dung dl),y.Niem

ma bi xung huye't Neu mac b nh dB.lau thi phan loi ra

to, gia sue dang day hoi lau moi thut vao duoc, co khi

co bung d phai chiu dung mot luc Ian Khi d nen tiC}

san ch tot De xong thl dao thai can me

Thoat vi to, TIlOcung i thanh con o

Sa am dao toan p an me xay ra gan n ay de, ten

1l.1qng c n t6t Sau khi de co the ttj kho Tren thuc te

vAn can dieu tri kip thai de phon nhiem trimg anh

h an den toan than, gay ra s6t c o lam ch luong sua

Khi sa A m dao, trau, bo thuong bon ch n, co g lu g

ran n u ran dai Tri~u ch n toan than kho g ro

Ngua, de, len thuon d§:n den viem phuc mac va bai

hu y e t

- T i en L uo n : sa am dao mot p an thl kh6n dang

ngai vi k i de, thanh am dao keo thAng vElp ia triroc,

phan am dao Ibi ra b! keo vao h6 X\1C1ng chau ma mat

di nen khong sn huong' den sinh de

ra

Th on k i len bi sa am dao thi true tran cung Ioi

' ,

+ Sa 11 m dao loan p lu m: xay ra tr\1a khi de la do

sa tim dao met phan keo dai mil phat tri~ len hoac do

sa am dao nguyen phat Phan A m dao lei ra n oai to

nhu qua b n , co khi nhin tha:y c c6 tli cung con dlnh

eMit niem dich quan Sau khi de rna sa am dao thl

p an loi ra tuon d i nho, khOng thay co tli eung

Thanh am dao thuo g day va cung Co k i p an am dao

10i ra boc c bang q ang eang to Con v~t tieu Wi m kh6

khan 1'rU-truong h p c biet con noi chung khi gia sue

dung day am dao k ong thut vao d oc Neu b! 10i ra

q a lau, niem mac u h yet tim bam, thuy thung, b mat

co the kh6 nut n\10C vang ri ra tit ehO nut Niem mac

d bi dinh p an va da:t ct 1'rbi nang c6 the co gioi

Dieu tri chia lam hai buoc: day Am dao vao vi trl cu

va c6 dinh, Khi dity am dao vao vi tri CU, nen d con

giam di hoac mat ban Neu de'b n keo dai, nlam mac

am dao co the bi hoai tli h ac co vat b! bai huyet ma

chet Nhieu truo g h p tu da chua khoi nhung Ian

ch a d sau vAn too phat Neu tai phat nhiau Ian thlphat sinh viem c6 tu cung sau Ian vao t u cung lam chetthai hoac gay ra say thai 6 de, ng1,1A.,en, neu thai gian

sa Am dao keo dai, c6 the phat sinh viern phuc mac, bai

huyet lam chet can v ~t

: Di e u tri: tuy thuoc VaG mac d¢ sa am dao,

Truong hop sa Am dao mot philo, lai gan ngay de

thl Ill \1 C dich cua dieu tr kho g ch benh tien trien va

ga y t6n thuong Mu6 vay, phai tang cuon chan tha dd(}n co de gia sue it nam Khi v a ch ang thl cho con.v~t dan a cho phis sau cao phla truce thap d giam

b t li luc cua h6 chau Hoac khi nam thl phan saucling phai cao ho phan truce, Nen buoc du6i can v t ve

m~t ben VIkhieu d n , du6i se lam say sat niem mac

am dao noi b] 10i ra Ngoai ra p ai chu y cham soc n oidud g t6t can v~t Neu no hi tao bon hoac Ia chay thi

p ili kip thai di~u trio Neu luc con v~t dun rna phan

am dao loi ra k en t1,lthut vao ducc thl phai day vao

Sa Am dao toan p an khOn tl,t co vao ducc, thaigian keo dai nan b] viem va t6 thuong thl ngoai vi~cxli l y p an am dao 10i ra con phai tien hanh dieu tri o

Neu han Quang cling lei ra thl phai an bang quan vao

vi trf ella n

v~t dung" cho truce thap sau cao Neu con v~t khongdung ducc thl phai treo hoac do ch n dun de giam

ap lue- trong hI) chsu Rua phan am dao lei ra bandung djch phen chua 2'X: hoae rivanol 1%., hoa lugol

1 " hoac cac loai thudc sat trung nhe Rlia lai bangdung dich khang sinh (1 trieu UI penieilin va 1 gamsteptomicin hoa tan tron 2 0 ml nude e~t) RAc len

phan am dao loi ra 1119tlop bot sunfami r"Oid.1y amdao vao vi trl cu Neu am dao loi ra rna bi thuy thiingnang' thl lay vai m e r n sach dung vao nuoc n ng chuom

it phiit cho no co lai, rai c t b nhung t6 chile bi hoaittt Neu co gioi thi dun ete hoac clo roforrn di(!t chhet gio] Khi day vao, neu gia sue ran manh lam tro'ngai ch viec hOi phuc thi tern novocain VaD ngoaiman cu g cua tuy song d uc che ran Can tiemdung li u M tranh co v t bi bai Ii~t p an sau khong

Sau khi khau phai sat trun eM khau Sau ba ngay,neu con v~t khong ran n a thl rut chi Kheng duoc rutchi sam, de phcng tru p at

'I'hu n gap (J ngua, bo, de, ciru.

- Nguyen nhan: niem mac ttl cung bi ton th ong

thu ng d k thuat thu tinh nhan tao kern Neu chay

5 Tit cung xu1(thuyet

H i n 1 : Phu o g phap vavi t k au m c p a m h ('J chua s a am da o

a- Cac miii kM u c niem 2/ 3 tr l'n ella Am hQ

b - C h i ~ dlti cua Am /I ¢

Neu maC b~nh lau ngay, am dao dil bi nhism trung

rna cd nhirng' t6 ch c b] hoai t-u: hoac xu~:t hi~n tri~u

chu g toan than thi phai k€t hep di~u tri C\1C b¢ v i

dieu tri toan than

} (

mau it thl mau s~ tu lai trong tit eung Truce khi de,

niem dich tu tit cung chay ra co l~n mau N{!,uchay

mau n ieu thi mau chay ra ngoai, con vat sElbi ban

huyet cap tinh

- Dieu tri khi da xac dinh duoc b~nh r~i th] khong

nen ki€m tra q a true trang va am dao nua vi se kich

thich chay mau tMm Cam dung thuDe cucng tm

Khi ki~m tra thai co th'~ dung mat q an sat hoac

kham q a t r1,1 C tran , khong d oc kham qua am dao VI

se kich thich lam tang co b p gay ra say thai

Khi b nh moi x at hien co th tem duoi da dung

dich atropin 1'~ tu 3 den 5 ml hoac ch uan ruou

trang 3 ° ( 1)0 500ml, de, ciru 100ml, h ac du g nevocain

1% gay t e dlin truyan ngoai mang cun cua tuy s6ng, a

trau bo, ngua thl co the ch uang cloranhidrat tu 15

d~n 30 gam N~u con v~t nam thl mong p ia sau cao

l~ Neu con v~t dling duoc thl cd giu cho dung, n u

v~y sa d ran Neu thai dA chet thl lam cho con v~t

tong thai ra Neu thai con song thi dieu tri u e che ran

chang' eM hom mong, rnep Am dao khong co bie'u hi~n

sfiy thai Sau khi he't ran thai van tisp tuc p at trig

blnh thuong C o khi kho g s a y thai ngay luc bay gibnhung d ran q a man lam to huo g den moi quan ,

h~ gii1a n m ra me va num ra co , co th~ gay ra

c et thai

Tat ca cac truong hop thai bi tong ra truc ngay

sinh de blnh thucng deu goi iii say thai

Sily thai la do sue song ella thai khong manh, thai

va cac b¢ phan p u k ong blnh thucng, b(l phan sin

d e cai hoac co the con v~t bi ~nh

Qua trinh benh i1 va tri~u chung lam san cua say

thai giira c c loai gia sue deu khac nhau Say thai hoantoan la truong hop toan bo thai khnng tiep tuc phattrien duoc, bi teu di hoac bi tong ra ngoai qua som

Say thai khong hoan toan neu co mot cai thai hoa mot

b phan thai khong phat trien, con cac thai khac thiv§n phat trien binh thuong eho wi k sinh de Say thai

kheng h an toan th ong gap <1 len, vi d1;1trong s6 thai

de ra eo met viii,thai dii hi gO hoa Cac gia sue khac i

gap Sa y thai gA y ra nhung hau q a nghism tron , giasue me bi mat sua, sue khoe giam sut, co khi gay ra

~nh d ong sinh d e, dlin den ·vo sinh hoac chet Neu L

~nh s~y thai truyen nhi~m thi rat nguy hieDl: b~nh d~

lAy sang gia sue khoe va co the lay sang nguoi

Can e vao trieu chung va qua trln say thai, velam sang co the phan ra 6 loai say thai:

a- T i e u t h ai: xay ra trong thai kY moi mang thai,bao thai chua phat trien thanh thai cac t6 chtic cua baothai d~ bi hap thu va khOng de lai vet tich gi trong tllcung C6 nhieu ngu:yen nhan lam ch thai chet sam: sue

7 Sity thai

c- Tha i c het c hua b i bUn h oa : IS hien tuon phd

bien Doi voi gia sue me, thai chet bieD hoa thanh mot

di v~t, gay p an ung trong tu cung va thuong b] tong

Con v t bi eM no neu kho g e6 phan xa bu thl

thuon kho song Than nhiet cua con v~t d e n n thuong

thap, cho nen c n u am, nhat lit khi trol lanh,

ner vai loai say thai nay khong din phai can thiep,tru truo g h p de kh6 vi khi de n n thl thai nho Nesau khi de kheng sat rau, bai h yet viam n9i mac tli

cung va gia sue me duoc n oi ducn tot thl tien

luong t ot Can vat phuc Mi nhanh sue khoe, d(>n due

tr a lai blnh thucng Neu quan l y n ei duong khong t6t

thl can v~t cham d(>ng due tro lai,

song cua thai yeu, gia sue me h a tu cun cua n bi

ma b~nh Thai y u c th~ d giao phoi c n than, d

trung va tnh trung khnng h an chinh h ac do dinh

duong cua co the me khong tot 'I'ieu thai thuong g~p "

bo, Ion, ngua Ngua va trau b bi teu thai thuong c6tri~ ch n : sau khi chua vAn d<)ng due Phai ki~m tra

gio g -ma khOng d()ng due nira lil da co chua Neu sauhai thang hoa hai thang ru o i rna n lai d9ng due thlthuong la bi ti~u thai

gi6ng n u de bin thuon Truce k i de hai ba ngay,

t.uyen v d t n ien cang to, mep am h<ihoi thuy thung

Loai say thai na y neu thai d oc tOng ra s cm thi

ti~n luong tot Sau mot thai gian ngan gia sue me co

th~ dOn due tra lai va thu thai Neu thai b~ th6i rua

thl co th sinh ra viem ttl cung, bai h ylit sat rau, tien

luong xau, anh h d g Ion den sinh d ve sau cua con

me va dOi khi lam cho gia sue me chet vi bai huyet

d- T hai bi kh6: thai hi chet na m Iai trong tU cung,

nude trong cac t6 chuc cua thai bi hap thu, thai '.ro

thanh k o Ca loai gia sue deu bi, p d bien 1fttrau, bo,

Ion (> IQn, s6 thai bi kho chiern tir 4 den 1 % Thai bi

chat khe lit.do sau khi thai chat, co nan cua the Yang

trong noan baa vdn tang cuon nen til cun co b p yl}"u,

c6 t t:c cung khep chat vi trung ben ngoai kh6ng xam

n ~p vao ducc Luc dau nuoc thai bi hap thu, sau d

nuoc tron cac t o chuc cua thai cung b hap thu, cac tll

chirc tro nen ran, the tlch thai nh6 lai, bi~n than mau

~au den trong n u go, n n goi la thai hoa gO hoac thai

kho Do tit eung co bop, dau va chan cua thai ch m Iai

ra cung voi rau thai trong vai ngay, neu kheng, thai cd

th~ hoago hoa thai rua!

Co the chan d an can cu vao cac diem sau day: bau

vu hoi to, vat duoc sua hoac dQt nhiet thay luong s\la

tang len Va i gia sue co chua duoi 2 thang va gia sue

ghy, yeu thl su thay d i nay kh6ng ro Kiem tra qua

true trang (a bo cai) thay thai k ong hoat dong Kiem

tra lim dao thay c( to' eung hoi rna , nism dich loan

Can chu y phan biet thai chet chua bi bien hcia vci chua

binh thuo g' khi thai con nh6

· ~ "

va ran hen blnh thuong Cung co truong hQP c o tit cung

kh6ng bien d oL Tit cung giong nhu qua c u tron, kichthuoc phu thuoc vao trang thai cai thai khi chet Do til

v i nhau Be mat thai tron bing Neu truce do thai da

co lo g thl lo g khOn bj rung Rau thai mau nau, nhan

nheo, bo chat liiy thai as chet Cu g co truong hop rau

thai bi nat, tr¢ IAn v{:ji nude quanh mllu nau, k o g comui th6i (> b , thai thucng' bi chet kho do tu cung phanung yeu Trong b¢nh say thai truyen nhiem, thai hay bi

chet va kho cung o Ion, nguyen nhan lam ch thai chet

18 do thai phat tcl~n khOng deu Nhirng thai p at trien

cham, b] cac thai j a can chen e , khong a diJ_lhduon ,

nen mra chimg bi c et Thai hi ch~t k o thucn hru lai

trong tit cu g den het thai k c6 ch a, cling co thai

d oc ton ra sam (> Ion, neu co mot s6 thai hi chet kho

thl chun cOng ducc tong ra cung voi len co sinh d eblnh thuong

- Chan doan thai chet kho (1 ciru, de: km rat kh6

- o bo co the dua vao ca trieu chung sau day:

+ D a het thai gian mang thai rna bo cai khong de.

+ Hoi c.Ong nhan chan n oi tim hi~u v e ben su

cua con vat

k o so thay buong trung So kham tit cung thay ben

trong r.it ran, do chinh la thai d kho cung Co khi thay

thai cMl kho nam (1 co hi cung hoac trong am dao Do

Iii do bo 111 17 d(mg d e, thai dang duoc tOn ra thl bi t.t'o

d thu 10i thai ra Neu co tit cung ch a m o c6 the tiem

piu trin, co t u cun dA 1110 to thl thut vao tu cu g

0,1r k

Tien Iuo g tot neu l~ dl1 <;1C thai ra va sue khoe cua

g~p a b , co khi g~p a ciru, d~, len Rat hiem a ngua vl

ngua me thuong bj c et tro g qua tinh thai th6i rua

Thai bi marn nhun Iii do qua trln I~ men Sau khi

thai chet, d c5 ttt cung mo ra, cac vi trung sinh mu

chui vao gay ra vi~m n1>imac tit cung co mit lam ch

c c phan mern cua thai len men va phan giai Cling co

khi viem n9i mac tit cung pha t ra tr uoc Vi du: bo me

da hi viem noi ma t.tt cung man tnh c rnu, sau khi

dieu tr k oi dii thu thai nhun lai tai phat viern co mu

him cho thai chet va phan giai

S I,l phan gi a i b M d u tit ca c m a g phu Kung quanh

thai hoac bo phan tieu h a, tao ra in(>t dung dich mau

nau hoac do nhat, thuong xuyen chay ra ngoai tron

m(lt thai gian dai ~t p an cac manh xuong nho coth~ theo chat dich chay ra Cacxucng to va 1 psun thl

vAn lu lai trong t tt cung Cung co truC1n hop thai

dang p an giai thl dimg lai, Nuc djch d cac phan

mem tao ra hi hap thu lam cho thai kho, nan tren cu gm9t c i thai, c o ch6 bi phan giai, eo ehO bi kho cung

- Tr ie u ch u g : chat dinh t u tit cung chay ra luc dau

nhieu, mau d , sau bien than ma nau nhat Ian mu

trang, cudi cung chay ra toan mu, Mo i khi bo d n due

th] nude chay ra nhieu han binh thuong Chat nhon

:

- r u« Luong: neu thai bi mam nhu k i rndi co

chua, niern mac tll cung khong bi t6 th o g nghiemtrong thi gia sue me con k a nan th thai Neu co

chlla da lau, thai dll to, thuo g p at sin viem tit cu g

Neu gia sue say thai khi mci co chua thl thai rat

be, cot hoa chua nhieu, neu phat hiem cham thl phanxuon bi thai ra ngoai chi con lIP rat It, nuoc chay tir

W( cu g gicn nhu Ill Qi qua bong nh , kich th oc to

hay nho tuy thuoc vao thai luc chet, n u g chat luu lai

trong tit cung nhieu hay it, nhung thtib g nho hennhieu so voi thai con song (; cung than t 6i Thanh t tt

" Tr ie u chung: khi thai moi chet nhat la ve mua h e,

thuo g b! phan huy nhanh ch n va sinh ra cae khf H2,

N 2, NH:l H2 ,' C02 Ca c khi '; ~ylam cho thai truo g

len nhanh, thanh tit eung bi dan va mat tnh co bop, d

d gia s u me ran yeu hoa c kh6ng ran ducc nira, Tit am

he)chay ra mot nuoc mau ho g ban, mui th6i 6 bo va

de, gia sue me bung chuang to, U ru, bO an, n hien

ran , ren 1'i , than nhist cao, am dao sung mong, Riem

tra thiiy cd t tt cung rna to, sa thai thay khi thung dliai

da, thai ch an to, thanh tit cung bao chat lay thai

ngam vao, co th gia sue me trung dQc va bai h yet

Neu k o g kip thai lay thai ra, n at 1:10 ngua, gia sue

( Thai b i th i rita: thai bi th6i rira khi n bi chet

va b~c c loai vi trung gay th i xam n ap lam ch cac

t5 chile b] phan giai sinh ra cac loai khi tlch lai dudi

da nguc, xoan bung, am he Ben thuong gap a b , de,

len trau

o u « tri: lam ch co ill cung IUd to ban each i

tiem folliculin roi thut nuoc X R ph ng, sau do dung tay

h3:yhft x ong ra Thuong c6 tit cu g mo khong to n~

lay xucn bi kho khan L§y het x ong xon thl 1'I1asach

tll cung ban dung dich rivanol 0,I f(, hoac dung dich

k o, c thu thai din g thu n bi say, gia su d bi viem

phiic I11 I;lC ma ch t

1 Say thai kh6ng truyen nhiem,

g - P ha n lo q i cdc n guye n nha n sd.y t hai:

C o ba loai say thai:

me se chet nhanh; 0 len va de, ciru, neu gia sue mekhong chet thl thai se tro thanh msm nhun,

- tue« tri: truce khi 16i thai ra, thut vao tit cung

dung dich rivanol 0,I lh sau do thut nucc xa p ong M

linn tron roi n anh ch ng 16i thai ra D~ lam n o th~

tlch ella thai co the' rach len thai viii nhat dai vAsau dekhi thoat ra Neu )6i thai vAn kh6 khan thl e the clit

thai Sau khi 16i thai ra xong, rua sach mu va cac manh

t6 chirc th6i rua trong tii cu g de tu eung tang co b p,

tran cho CCl the gia sue me hap thu chat di?c Nen thut

vao tit eung mot d ng djch lam san niem ma nhu nuocphen chua 27t r6i tiem folliculin de t tt cung co bop to g

cac chat b n Sau d thut khang sin Sau khi can thi~p

C 1,1 b , neu con v~t co trieu chung toan than nhiet tang

cao thl phai tiem khang sinh lieu 700 - 1 000 UI/1kg

to g lucn seing va Hem vao tlnh mach dung dich gluco

thao tac phai rlta tay thl)t sa h va sat trung kyo Cac

dung cu cling n u dia diem loi thai ra p ai ti~u d¢c can

than

bi b~nh, giao ph i can than lam cho trung va tinh

trun phat trien kheng blnh thuong, do d hop t1i bi

chet trong giai doan phan chia boac giai doan phat

trien KhA n ng phat trien cua thai khOng ph h p voi

kha nang thich nghi cua gia sue me VI du: 19n con ella

cu g m¢t () sinh ra v a phat trien tro g cu g m<)t hoan

canh nhung co con phat due cham, co con mra chirng bi

chet, 'I'inh biet cua thai ding la mot nguyen n an gAy

ra say thai Vi d thai dl,1c0 bo, len, ngua bi sAy nhieu

Cac nguyen nhan tren co the dan den sliy thai lientuc nghia Iii gia sue me co ch a den mot thai gian nao dolai bi say thai Loai say thai nay chu yeu gap 0 bo vaothbi k thai co n o va (1 ngua vao thai ky chua nang.Khi chan doan benh say thai lien tuc can p ai diElUtra ky

B enli ella bi) phan. s i nh d~c v a r oi loan c o n ang :

nguyen nhan nay, tuong doi nhi~u Vi du sau khi viem n¢i

I

mac ttl cung man tinh, gia sue me co the thu thai tro lai,nhung benh viem tai phat co the gay say thai Viem titcac co quan khac Ian tai c~ the lam cho tu cu g cling cotinh trang b~nh ly tuang 'ttl, lam tro ngai cho stl phat

trien cua thai

han thai cai, co the do thai phat trien kheng d n deuvoj co the me Bo, ngua chua sinh doi co ty l~ say thai

n ieu han gia sue khac va thuon say vao thang thu 6

va 7 hoac thai co the bi chet Thai bi ky hlnh khOng

n at thiet gay ra say thai, chi sau khi d e ra, d khongthich ung ducc voi ngoai canh nen mot s6 thai kY hlnhkhong the d¢c lap sinh ton duoc Ran thai co vai tro rat

q an trong Neu no phat trien kho g binh t h uo ng clingrat d~ gay ra say thai Nguyen nhan nay th ong gap, vithe khi co say thai thl phai kiem tra k rau thai

- Say thai do benh : do b¢ phan sinh due cua gia sue

me co benh (benh toan than h a do co nan bt r6iloan), noi theo nghia rong, eo; the bao gom ca say thai

do nuoi ducng va do ton thuong , C6 hai nguyen nhan:

b~nh sit gia sue, tn hin sinh d nhimg Ian truc va

kiem tra k tlnh tran cua mang thai xem co ~nh rich

hay k ong, tv d xac dinh nguyen nhan gay h~nh co tM

d tro g tit cung Cac b~nh khac: vi du benh ve tim, phdi

gan, than, n at Is cac benh cua da day, ruot (chuong hoi

(1 bo, dau bung (jngua) , rai 10:;\n co nang va thu phat ella

cac b nh ve h ng ph~ than kinh (quay cuon , viem

man nao) deu co th gay ra say thai Ngoai hien tuo g

say thai do cac banh k e tren, con v(it cling co the bi s a y

thai khi bi gay me toan than, thao mau nhieu, u6ng nhieu

c c loai thuoc loi tieu, thuoc ta y, thu6c g y eo hop manh

truo g h p nay g i Iii.say thai thea trieu chung,

- Sa y thai do n uo i d on g: d s o luo g va chat IU<,1nthuc An, nuoc u n k o g tOt, k ong du, ehe d nu6i

d ong khong dung Len v~ gia sue eho sua, d i truong

d n ; th cng' gay ra slty thai (1 than cu i cua thai ky

ch a Neu kho g sAy thai thi gia sue so sinh clin rat

yeu Thieu vitamin E 0 giai dOI;lD chua dflU thl thai

thuo g bi teu h ac b] chat 0 than cuoi thl thai hi

tOng ra sam (len), vitamin D duy trl slf can bang giila

canxi va Ian Neu th c an thieu canxi va Ian m8 gia sue

co ch a lai kho g d oc tiep x c thucn xuyen vai an

nan mat troi cling co the thanh m()t nguyen nhan gay

ra say thai Pham chat thuc an xau (co nam mec, bi Oi

thdi, u qua chua) co th~ gay ra ng(>d¢c hoac true tia

anh huang den tit cung rna g ay s~y thai Cht'£ d¢ chan

n oi chap hanh kho g dung ding c6 the gay ra s6.ythai

true trang khOng dung ky thuat lam eho gia sue me giay

giua nhieu, kham am dao de mo vit qua Iau, dung thU C

Mu n chan dean chinh xac say thai do tai nan can

phan tch ti mi nguyen nhan gay bsnh cho 'gia sue

Neu dau ra truce thl dua tay vao mom thai, keo

1.Phan biet thai stSng va thai dfl chet

II NHONGB~NH6THOIKYDE

h - P huong pl ui p x u l) ', say thai n6i c hu ng,

De phong gia sue s~y thai Ie m¢t tro g nhung bien

p ap quan tro g cua cong tac chan nuoi

Khi co s~y thai, mot mat phai tlch cue di~u tri, mat

khac phai dn~u tra t l m l de nam duoc C 1,l the b nh sitcua tung c n, nguyen nhan sfiy thai, thai VI,1 say thai,

tn trang nuoi duon , ti h tran mang thai tu do rut

ra quy luat cua say thai trong dan bo va co nhung bien

phap p ong chong c6 hieu qua Khi thai da 'ch~t va cc5

t u cung di:imd thi nan lam ch thai tong ra sam, tranh

de thai th6i rfra trong t.u cung, anh huong d~n b9 phansinh due va su sin d sau nay cua gia sue

Neu nghi la say thai do b$nh say thai t r u y en nhiem

b a do ki sin trung duon sinh due thi g\ti c thai,mang thai cac chat bai tiet cua thai (khong duoc m6

thai de lam ch benh M.y Ian) d~n phong xet nghiam thu

y Dong th ) phai kiem tra mau cua gia sue me, teu

dqc tri~t de phan sau thAn the, nhirng noi bi 6 nhiem

va nuoi e ch ly con v~t cho toi k i de dinh ro nguyen

n an Ben say thai truy~n nhi~m c6 the lay san nguci

n n khi xU l y cac truong' hop slly thai phai het sue ch

y b a hQ lao dong

nhe 1I10i ra xem 'co etc dQn hay khon , cho ngon tayvao mom xem thai co d mg lac mut sua khong Neu chi

so du c m~t thai thi dung ngon tay cai va ng n tay

gifta an m a nh vao n an cau xem dau con ell d(>ng

kho g Neu khon so th~y dau thi s a vao nguc xem timthai eo ~p kh6ng

N~u phan sau ra trudc thl cho ngon tay vao true

trang xem true trang co co b p khen , d(>ng mach

xucng chau con d p kho g? Phan sau ra tuoc thl co

the so thay rein, nen xem dong mach ron con d~pkhong? Neu so th~y nhieu p an n oai true trang III thai

da chift hoac rat yeu

'!'rube khi can thiep can ch an bi day d co kho

sa h lam d~m ch con vat, cac dung CI,I va thu6c c~t.hiet Nh ng nguoi giup viec p ai co kien thuc san khoa

va thao tac thanh thao M co the thay tM' khi nguoiphu trach qua mi?t Ban than nguci d d cl1ng phai

chuan bi ty ml"nhu cat mong tay, co rira tay hang xa

phong, xoa thuoc sat trung vao tay Cong tac chuan bi

cang chu d o cling bao dam cho c6ng viec ten hanh

nhanh chong va thuan loi

T6t nhat la d gia sue d n phia sau cao, phis

truce thap de thai trOi ve x ang bung, thuan 1<;1ichovi~c nam thai Nhung gia sue de kho thuong nam, v y

phai d chang nam nghian , phan truce tMp han p an

sau Cho nam nghlang ben phai h ac ben trai tuy thu('lc

vao c i thai va 8\{ thuan tay cua nguoi do de Kh6 g

duoc cho nam sap vi bung se h i ep, rat tra ngai cho

thao tac, Khi cho gia sue nam, chu y lam nhe nhang,

Kiem tra c6 tli ~ung Old to hay nho, cung hay mem,

nuoc nhon da d tron chua, co ton thuong gi (J d ong'

b- Ki en : t ra duon g sin h due

Kiem tra than nhiet, tim mach, he hap, niem mac,

trang thai tinh than va di don Ngoai ra con p ai kiem

tra bau v , vat thli SU a dau xem gia sue da den thang

de chua

a- Kie m t r a toiui than

Khi de kho rna xli I y khong dung thl (' 0 th~ gay

b n d duong sinh due vA lam cho gia sue me trd nen

vo sinh, tham chi linn chtrt ca me IAn con Cho n~n tlch

cue.de p b g va kip thai can thiep khi de k o Is khau

h t sue qu a trong D li can thiep kip thai, d n chan

dean chinh xac, tu d 111fti quyet dinh phuong phap dEl

de thich hop

'Truce khi kifm tra phai nam toan be qua trln

b nh tat, tn hlnh chira de, tlnh hln dieu tri ella can

v~t df co eo sa phan doan lam sang Kiem tra toan

than, ti nh hlnh duong sinh due, tinh hlnh thai khong

truong hop nuoc thai chay ra het sam, anh hudng' deD

de?rua cua ttl cung Nhung nhieu truong h p man thai

dfl rach, nen phai dua tay vao tron man thai de s o

true tep thai C6 the so ducc mQt dien r¢ng nen rat

chinh xac

c- Ki em tra tha i

sinh due khong Truong h p d e kho keo dai do nam lau,

niem mac duong' sinh due thuong thuy thung, anh huang

den vi~c nam thai va keo thai ra 0 trau, bo, truong

h p d e kho ch a IAu rna niem mac b! thuy thung va co

b] to thuo g thl chung to co v~t de h i can thiep

manh trong thai gian dai Ngua bi thuy thung nhan

han trAu 00 Niem mac duong sinh due bi thuy thunggAy nhiau kho khan- cho vi~c d d , c o khi khong th~

dua tay vao tli cun ducc Truo g hQP ducn sinh due

hi to -thuorig, ngoai vi$c nhln thay vet thuong, COn thaymau tu i chay ra ( ma u cua mang thai chay ra thuo g

mall sdm, co thE! phan bi~t duoc) Ngoai ra mau sac vA

mui cua nude trong duong sinh due cung giup ta bi€t

d oe thai gian d kh6 di:1 lau hay mci thai dB h i th6i

rua hay ch a Tru de, ciru, IQn ra, kifim tra duo g sin

d uc trong khi de khOng kho khan lam

chan tn10C voj chan sau Neu chan thai da loi ra ngoaiAIll h thl xa c dinh van chua th~t chac cho ne vAn

phai dua tay vao kham ben tro g Ngoai ra con phai

phti n b~nh xern chan trudc hay chan sau do th oc cung

met thai hay hai thai k a n au Ngoai van d~ thai

kho g bin thuong con phai Idem tra xem thai song haythai che.t de quyet dinh bien phap can thiep N~u thai

da ch~t thl nhiern V\1 chlnh la ciru con me Phai duanhanh thai ra bang bat ell' each nao, ke c cat ~hai Neu

thai' con son thl phai co gan ciru ca. me lao con.Truong hop k eng the cu ca hai duoc thi can ell v a

ch an to, th manh va co hien tuong' s6t Mu n xac

cha:n thli>hai k am Nguoi do de m6ng tay cat ngan,tay co rtia bang xii phong, xoa k th 6c 'sat trung v b ivadolin Cac ng6n tay chum l~i lu n VaG am dao sa.~·Ht

12 15cm Khi sa vao thai rna khOng th~y thai phan xa

Ia thai dil chet Can nhanh ch ng va nhe nhang keo thai

ra Keo tung con mC)t cho tm khi het thai Chu y keo'

nhe nhan khong lam say sat Am dao Sau k i keo bet

thai thl rua sach am dao va am hQ bang' d ng dich

rivan l 0,1~ Neu k ong co th oc sat trung nay thl ruabang nuC1Cche tuoi d~c am co pha it muoi Sau do th t

vao a m dao dun dich penixilin v~ tern m()t lieu trlnh

- Can thiep sam va kip thai la rat quan trong

chau, thanh tit cung b c chat lay thai mroc thai chay

- Nguci d d phai eo san ng\ioi giup viec d thay chi

m~t Neu met qua ma tiep tuc lam thl thao tac se thieu

chinh xac, de h ng viec, 'Iron truong h p d k o, thaotac ee d luo phai blnh tlnh, kien n an va kheo leo,

- Tran khi dtly lui thai, xoay nan va lei thai ra,

n eu ntia thai dil thoat het, ducng sinh d e bi kho thlphai thut VaG Am dao va t it cung vai lit nude xa p cng

am dB ti~t trung d lam tron duong sinh due,

Bat e bl) phan nao cua thai a t11 the khong blnh

d- N h ic n ud n d ~ c an c h j va p uo ng plui p co ba n c a

ap du ng trong c ae tru on g h o d e kho

penixiln d ngan ngira nhiem trimg

- Ran d yeu

ttt cu g bi xoan, c6 ttt cung hep, hep a m dao va am he,

co kh6i U (1 duong' sinh san

- Klch thuoc gitra thai va xuon chau khOng phil

h p: thai qua to, de sinh doi rna ca hai thai cun lot

vao d ong sinh san

- Tu the cua thai kh6ng blnh thuong: Khi phla dau

ra truce: dau ngheo v mot ben; dau g~p x ong; dau

De kh6 thuong do cac ng u y en nhan sau d ay :

th ong d u phai xoa y nan lai ch dung tu the truc khi

1 i thai ra Chi khi nao h6 chau to (nhu ngua, d~, ciru)

rna thai lai nh6 va da nam (1 duang sinh due, dOng thai

b phan kho g' blnh th cng CM thai kheng gay tro ngai

Ion thi mai c6 the loi thai ra rna khOng can D a thailai Thai da b] khi thiing th] phai rach da, cac to chuc

hoac xoang nguc, x ang bung de khf th at ra roi mai loi

thai khi loi thai din ch y ph6i hop voi sue ran cua gia

sue d kMng lam t6n th o g d cng sin due

Tru n hop de kh6 hoan toan d tu the cua thai

kho g binh thuong thl khi loi thai ra phai ~iem tra lai

xem thai da duoc xoay min dung ttl the binh th o g

chua Thai d oc d i' eu chin c n tot, loi ra cang d~ D6i

vci gia sue len, kh6ng nen h tri qua 4 nguci 1 i de,

ciru chi can met nguci loi Neu luc tap trung cua 4

nguoi rna lui kh6ng ducc thi phai kiem tra va chinh

thai

Neu dau h ac chan sau cua thai loi ra ngoai am h~

rai lai thut vao thl phai thira luc Ion me ran d , nhanh

chong nam lay thai keo n e 1'a

Neu thai vain iJ sau trong bung thi phai keo thai ra.

Rua sach am hQ ban xa p ong, l'ua lai bang mot thuoc

sat trung nhu cresyl 6%, rivanol 0,Ilk., thudc tim 0,1

Nguol d de cat ngAn mong tay, C Q rua tay bang xa

sau:

L<;1ni khi de kho Neu xay ra de kh6 thl lam n u

ngua va dang sau; dau c6 bi van; dau g6i ra truce; vai

ra truce: chan truc de len dinh dAu, khi phia sau ra

truce: k oeo chan ra truc ; khuy chan sau gap khuc

mot bElDd ng thai dilu g6i chan trtlac b~ gap khuc; vi

tr! cua thai khong binh thuo g, ttl the cua t chi va

dtlU eOng k ong blnh thu ng Cung co the do khcn

nam vf.tn p u n phap d de nen khi giai quyPt m~t

truong hop d e k 6 lai lam ch tlnh hu6ng phuc tap

them Vi du k i dau c o ella thai b q at v e mot ben va

thon xu6ng rna ell' keo hai chan truce ra thl c n lam

cho thai bi kep- chat Phan Ian d kh6 Iii do thai kh6 g

blnh thucng Loai nay chiem 3/4 truou h p d kh6 iJ

gia sue Ion

Truong h p eo len con bi chat gia (de x ng nam im

n u c h et) thl ciiu chua bang each lam h h p nhan tao:

dat IQ'n con nam len m9t chiec bao tai sach, nam hai

phong, xoa tay bang mot tro g cac thu6c sat trung ke

tren, va y kho ta y va xoa met la vadolin, Chum dau

n on tay lai long ban ta y up xuo g, Iuon nhe tay VaG:'lm dao, d a sau va n khoan 1 - 15 em nam ltiy thai

the doi nhip tho, than nhiet, tlnh trang bai tiet va bau

v Neu thay bau v11eo hien tuong viem thl phai kipthai difm tr] bang x a bop va chuom non (ch orn nuoc

n n , h i dau cao ) 'I'iem m(lt lieu trlnh penixi n

LQn nai thuong nam de, nhun cung co con vira di

tuong d l Thai qua to ch yeu gap (1 b , de, ciru, trau,

Ngua it x ay ra vi thai ngua thu n nho va x ong chau

tucng d6i to

tuyen sinh san sinh kich t6 sinh trudng hoat d(>ng qua

manh Thai gian chua keo dai thl the tich thai cling len,

len ch a it thai thi thai thuong to Ngua cai giao ph6i

vai gi6ng ngua due tam voc to, thai cung eo th q a to

Hien nay do y~u cau cai tao gi6ng phan Ion gia sue due

co tam voc Ion n ung khOng p ai thai to d~u d kho.Nhirn truong h p de kho, ngoai thai qua to, com kem

a - Th a i qu a t o

3.Kich thl1a khong hop giua thai va xirong chau

chan truce keo thang ra, r~i day lui v~ phia truce n uc

hoac dung 2 tay An nhe vao hai bsn nguc va suon

khoang 15 ph t Lam rA:t kien trl moi co ket qua Cung

co the nhac hai chan sau len roi d~p nhe vao hai ben

mong Hoa b i con gOo vao mui M klch tnich h hap

Co ngu rri d~t len con vao chau n oc lanh (k oang 20hC)

roi lai d~t vao chau nude am 3 ()C) d phuc h i chirc

nan h hap Ch y kho g M ch Io con bi s~c nuc

Neu thai ra bang phan sau, khi keo chan thai cungphai lam so le nhau Neu xucng chau cua thai bi ket bdi

- Thut VaG duong sinh san mot chat nhrrn hoac nude

xfl phong a m Neu thai ra bang phan truc , ngoai viecbU9Cthirng vao hai chan truoc d !6i thai ra, nguoi do

clnnh phai tho ngon tay cai vao mom thai, qua duong

mop dung ngon tay ira kep chat lay ham duoi de: eung,

loi dau ra n~ de keo dau thai, neu thai con song thibuoc thirng tir sau dau xuong ham duoi, nguoi do de

earn mit thuoug cung keo, tranh eho phan hau ella thai

hi rach; nhung nhu vay dinh dau chiu mot h,tc rat Ian

co the gay ton thucng den tuy song lam chet thai Neuthai da chet thl dung moe san khoa moe V aG h6 mathoac moe V a G hoc mili q a duong mom d 16i ra Khong

duoc 16i d!u cun mot luc vol hai chan truce, rna thoat

dau keo mot chan roi moi keo not chan kia Lam nhuvay hai dau xuong ba vai cheo di, chieu rong' hai ba vaihep lai, thai q a xuong chau d~ dang Khi dau thai q a

am ho, nguoi giup viec dung hai tay do de am hQ khoib~ rach

Can chu y may diem sau day:

thai ra

the tir the: thai kho g binh thucn

- C l u in d nn: kiem tra ben tro g thay huong thai,

vi t.r! \ ' 3. r.u r. e hinh th ong, khong tha y k hinh, nhung

thai n t o k e p c hat d dUdng s inh san

Co hai truong hop de kho:

"* MQt thai ttl the binh thuong va m9t thai tu the

- C ha n doa n : de sinh doi tho g thucn t m m¢t thai

phi a dliu ra truce, m<)t thai phia sau ra truce; ch nen

hay phia sau ra truce deu co the d ng tay keo ra hoac

dun thirng san k oa Quqc chan sau hoac dau d keo

Khi dung tay keo thl dung hai n o tay nam chat hai

hoc mat hoac 4 ngon tay moe va o phla duoi cua h m

duoi, ngon tay cai an vao mat nam chat lay dau N~uphia d oi ra truce thl nam chat phla tren hai khoeo

chan sau 16i ra,

tro g d co hai chan nam sap (chan truce) va hai chan

nam ngua {chan saul Neu ca hai thai deu p la d u ratruc th ] chi thay b n chan trudc, Dau va b n cha co

thuong thl tu the cua chung nhu th nao? Ngoai ra phai

phan biet sinh doi blnh thuong vci sinh dOi k hlnh

- D o de : nguyen tac da de Ie phai day lui mot thai

ra khoi x cng chau, sau do 1 i tirn thai ra Trl10C khi

day \'a 16i phai phan biet T O tung thai, k o g ducc 1 ichan cua thai n y Mn voi ch n cua thai kia Sau k i

nhau tu n doi Io thl co the vira keo mot thai ra vita

day thai con lai vao, Sau khi keo met thai ra rDi thi

giai qu ye t n t thai kia Neu ca hai thai lot vao h chau

v i dQsau nhu nhau va neu gia sue me d ng thl co the

keo thai nao ra truce cu g d oc Neu gia sue me namthl phai keo thai trsn ra truce vi hai thai d le nhau